GS 8220 - A Bolt Torque

Procedure Title: Torque Procedure For Commercial Pumps And Decoking Equipment.
1.0 Purpose 1.1 This procedure controls the torquing practice for threaded fasteners in commercial pumps and decoking equipment. This procedure establishes the preload stress requirements by joint type, the thread lubrication requirements and torque sequence requirements for bolted joints in circular arrays as well as asymmetrical bolting arrays used on split case pumps. Torque values for each of the specific preload stress categories are tabulated for general use unless fastener torque is otherwise specified by the drawing, assembly drawing and/or shop order. 2.0 Definition. 2.1 Torque: An applied moment, typically measured in foot-pounds (ft-lbs) or SI units of Newton-meters (N-m), applied to a threaded fastener to preload the joint to a specific stress level determined by working load, bolt size and thread lubricant. A torque wrench is used to apply the specified torque and is calibrated to signal the operator when the desired torque has been applied. 2.2 Minimum Effective Thread Engagement: The minimum length of effective thread engagement must be equal to 100% of the nominal diameter of the respective fastener. 3.0 Preload Tensile Stress Categories Torque values in ft-lbs and N-m units are tabulated in Appendix 1 for the following tensile stress categories. 3.1 Category 1: 10,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress 3.1.1 This stress level can be applied to all bolt material grades. 3.1.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types: 3.1.2.a 3.1.2.b 3.1.2.c 3.1.2.d Self-locking nuts and screws. Nuts and screws using lock washers. Nuts and screws threaded against rotation. Non-wetted nuts and screws locked against unthreading by tack welded, staking or other positive means of locking. Hold down bolting for dowelled feet.
3.1.2.e
3.2 Category 2: 25,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress 3.2.1 This stress level can be applied to all bolt material grades. 3.2.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types: 3.2.2.a
GS-8220
Bearing housing and bearing housing attachment bolting.

Page 2 of 14 Rev. A
Hardcopy Documents Of This Type are UNCONTROLLED. Verify Revision Level Before Using
3.2.2.b 3.2.2.c 3.2.2.d 3.2.2.e 3.2.2.f 3.2.2.g
Structural support components such as pipe brackets, cooler or reservoir stands. Shaft driven oil pumps mounted on a bracket. Gearbox covers. Pipe flange bolting: raised and flat faces and ring tight joint (RTJ). Mechanical Seal gland bolting. Wetted nuts and bolts. May be tack welded, staked or other positive means of locking.
3.3 Category 3: 35,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress 3.3.1 This stress level may only be applied to material grades B6, B6X, B7, B7M, B16, B23 and SAE grades 5, 7 and 8. 3.3.2.a Pressure boundary bolting using a register fit, typically with a compressed gasket including torque applied for hydrotest (does not include horizontal split case parting flange and mechanical seal gland bolting). Hold down bolting for non-dowelled case feet without spring washers. Locknuts without provision to prevent unthreading. Decoking equipment bolting for crosshead, pulley blocks, valves and cutting tool. Drive screws. Locking screws.
3.3.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types:
3.3.2.b 3.3.2.c 3.3.2.d 3.3.2.e 3.3.2.f 3.4.1
3.4 Category 4: 70,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress This stress level may only be applied to material grades B16, B23 or for B7 up to 4.0 diameter thread. 3.4.2.a Horizontal split case pump (DVMX, MSN, DVS) parting flange bolting. DMX (DA) horizontal split case parting flange bolts use torque values per Vernon Engineering Bulletin VEB-0005.
3.4.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types:
3.5 Category 5: Joints With No Specified Torque Control 3.5.1 Pump to base pedestal hold down bolting using spring type lock washers. These must be torqued sufficiently to flatten washer.
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GS-8220
3.5.2
Pressure boundary bolting with a controlled gap between mating surfaces. These must be torqued to maintain the controlled gap.
4.0 Allowable Thread Lubricants 4.1 Category 1 and 2 Joints 4.1.1 Thread must be clean and lightly lubricated with machine oil. 4.1.2 Torque coefficient is approximately 0.20. 4.2 Category 3, 4 and 5 Joints 4.2.1 Thread must be clean and lubricated at the thread and washer interface with anti-seize compound per the manufactures instruction labeled on the product. The following are the only acceptable thread lubricants: 4.2.1.a 4.2.1.b LOCTITE C5-A Copper based anti-seize, use as standard. LOCTITE Heavy Duty graphite/calcium fluoride based anti-seize, for use when copper is not permitted by site or customer restrictions.
4.2.2 Torque coefficient for both anti-seize compounds is 0.16. 4.3 Superbolt Thread Lubricant 4.3.1 4.3.2 Lubricate thread of the main stud, the washer face, jackbolt tips and jackbolt threads with Superbolt lubricant JL-G. Torque coefficient for Superbolt lubricant JL-G is 0.13.
5.0 Torque Sequence Procedure 5.1 Circular Array (Pattern) 5.1.1 5.1.2 Refer to the appropriate bolt pattern indicated in Appendix 3 for the torque sequence of the respective numbered circular bolted joint. Begin by gradually tightening the bolt located at Position #1 to approximately 30% of the specified torque requirement. Follow the numbered pattern sequence, tightening each sequential bolt to 30% of the maximum torque. Continue by starting again at bolt position #1 and following the sequential pattern until each bolt is tightened to 60% of the maximum torque. Finish by tightening each position in sequence to 100% of the specified torque value. Repeat sequence with a second pass at 100% to equalize load and compliance on all fasteners.
Page 4 of 14 Rev. A
5.1.3
5.1.4
GS-8220
5.1.5
Complete the torque record form in Appendix 2 for all pressure boundary joints at final build indicating production order number, date, stud size, wrench used, and approximate torque values the wrench was set to for each round. Stamp off to show completion and attach this record to the route sheet folder. Spin the tensioner onto the main thread until it seats against the washer and then back off the tensioner 0.125 to allow access to oil the jackbolt tips. Superbolt tensioners are to be simultaneously tightened in pairs using two workers, at 180 apart, following the large bolt pattern in Appendix 3 for the respective number of Superbolt tensioners. Follow the jackbolt tightening sequence shown in Table 1. This is to be performed in five passes of the Superbolt tensioners. Jack bolt target torque (100%) value is specified on assembly drawing and/or shop order. The individual Superbolt tensioner jackbolts are to be tightened using two tightening patterns. The first pass is to seat the main threads and eliminates clearance on all studs. The second pass is to provide an initial preload on all studs. A four bolt star pattern as shown in Figure 1 shall be used for the Superbolt tensioners for the first two passes. Torque four jackbolts at the 12:00, 6:00, 9.00 and 3:00 positions on all of the studs for the first two passes. The final three tightening passes of the Superbolt tensioner shall use the circular pattern shown in Figure 2. Long studs will stretch, so by the time you get back to the first jackbolt, it will be loose. For the final pass, set the torque value at 100% of target as specified on the assembly drawing or shop order, and repeat the circular pattern until all jackbolts are torqued to the same value. Complete the torque record form in Appendix 2 for all pressure boundary joints at final build indicating production order number, date, stud size, wrench used, and approximate torque values the wrench was set to for each round. Stamp off to show completion and attach this record to the route sheet folder.
5.2 Superbolt Torque Sequence 5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
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Rev. A
TABLE 1: JACKBOLT SEQUENCE

PASS 1 (SNUG) 2 3 4 5 (FINAL) TIGHTENING PATTERN STAR (4 BOLTS) STAR (4 BOLTS) CIRCULAR (ALL) CIRCULAR (ALL) CIRCULAR (ALL) JACKBOLT TORQUE 70% 100% 115% 115% 100%
FIGURE 1 FOUR BOLT STAR PATTERN
FIGURE 2 CIRCULAR PATTERN
5.3 Asymmetrical Array - Split Case Refer to bolt pattern in Appendix 4 for the case parting flange bolt sequence on Split Case pumps. 5.3.1 Torque the center cap nuts in Section 1 and 2 (marked as , a given case assembly could have more than two center cap nuts) to approximately 30% of the specified torque value. Torque the cap nuts in Section 3 (marked as ). Start near the center of the pump and move outward towards the suction nozzle, again torquing to 30% of specified value. Torque cap nuts on opposite corner in Section 4 (marked as starting at pump center and working toward the end. Torque cap nuts in Section 5 (marked as and working toward the end. Torque cap nuts in Section 6 (marked as and working toward the end.
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5.3.2
5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5
),
) starting at pump center ) starting at pump center
GS-8220
Rev. A
5.3.6 5.3.7
Repeat the same sequence used in steps 4.2 to 4.6 above to achieve 60% of specified torque value. Finish by torquing to 100% of the specified value, in the same sequence as in steps 4.2 to 4.6 above. Repeat sequence with a second pass at 100% to equalize load and compliance on all fasteners. Complete the torque record form in Appendix 2 for all pressure boundary joints at final build indicating production order number, date, stud size, wrench used, and approximate torque values the wrench was set to for each round. Stamp off to show completion and attach this record to the route sheet folder.
5.3.8
6.0 Bolting Torque Required for Grayloc Type Clamps TABLE 2: AVERAGE TORQUES FOR TWO-PIECE, 4 BOLT CLAMPS Stud Bolt Size .500-13UNC-2 .625-11UNC-2 .750-10UNC-2 .875-9UNC-2 1.000-8UNC-2 1.125-8N-2 1.250-8N-2 1.125-8N-2 1.375-8N-2 1.625-8N-2 1.750-8N-2 1.875-8N-2 2.00-8N-2 2.25-8N-2 2.50-8N-2 2.75-8N-2 3.25-8N-2I Stud Bolt Length(inches) 3.50 5.00 5.25, 6.00 7.00, 6.75 8.50 9.375 10.50 11.75 11.00 14.25, 14.125, 17.00 16.00, 19.50 21.50 16.50, 18.50, 24.75 27.00, 20.75, 24.00 22.00, 31.00, 29.50, 20.00 28.75 35.50 Clamp Size 1 1.5 2, 2.5, 3 4, C, B 5, D, E 6, F 8 XF X8, G, XG H, 10H, X14 X10H, 12M, X16 X18 P, X12M, X20 X24, 30, 3V S, U, 32, 36, 3W, 5P Y 40 Average Torque (ft.-lbs) (N-m) 17 23 35 47 55 75 90 122 140 190 205 278 290 393 330 447 390 529 630 870 1170 1300 1870 2570 3500 7100 854 1,180 1,586 1,763 2,535 3,484 4,745 9,626
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 1 TORQUEVALUEBYCATEGORYANDTHREADSIZE
FINALTORQUEVALUES
THREAD SIZE .250-20UNC .250-28UNF .313-18UNC .313-24UNF .375-16UNC .375-24UNF .438-14UNC .438-20UNF .500-13UNC .500-20UNF .563-12UNC .563-18UNF .625-11UNC .625-18UNF .750-10UNC .750-16UNF .875-9UNC .875-14UNF 1.000-8UNC 1.000-12UNF 1.125-8UN 1.125-12UN 1.250-8UN 1.250-12UN 1.375-8UN 1.375-12UN 1.500-8UN 1.500-12UN 1.625-8UN 1.625-12UN 1.750-8UN 1.750-12UN 1.875-8UN 1.875-12UN 2.000-8UN 2.000-12UN 2.250-8UN GS-8220 CAT1 10kpsi 1 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 10 12 15 18 21 25 38 44 61 70 92 104 136 152 194 213 265 289 351 380 455 489 577 617 720 766 884 937 1,284 Ft-lbs +/- 10% CAT2 CAT3 25kpsi 35kpsi 3 3 3 4 6 7 7 8 11 12 13 14 17 19 20 22 26 29 31 35 38 43 44 50 53 59 63 70 94 106 110 123 153 171 175 196 230 257 260 291 341 382 381 426 484 542 533 597 662 741 722 809 878 984 951 1,065 1,138 1,274 1,223 1,370 1,443 1,617 1,544 1,729 1,800 2,016 1,915 2,145 2,210 2,475 2,342 2,623 3,209 3,594 CAT4 70kpsi 6 8 13 15 24 28 38 45 59 69 85 99 118 140 211 246 342 392 514 583 764 853 1,084 1,194 1,482 1,617 1,967 2,130 2,548 2,740 3,233 3,458 4,031 4,290 4,951 5,247 7,188 CAT1 10kpsi 2 2 3 4 6 7 9 11 14 17 21 24 29 34 51 60 83 95 125 141 185 206 262 289 359 392 476 516 617 663 783 837 976 1,039 1,199 1,270 1,740 N-m +/- 10% CAT2 CAT3 25kpsi 35kpsi 4 4 5 5 8 9 9 10 14 16 17 19 23 26 27 30 36 40 42 47 51 58 60 67 71 80 85 95 128 143 149 167 207 232 238 266 311 349 353 395 463 518 516 578 656 735 723 810 897 1,005 979 1,096 1,191 1,334 1,289 1,444 1,542 1,727 1,659 1,858 1,957 2,192 2,093 2,344 2,440 2,733 2,597 2,908 2,997 3,356 3,176 3,557 4,351 4,873 CAT4 70kpsi 9 10 18 21 32 38 52 60 80 94 115 134 160 190 287 333 464 532 697 790 1,036 1,156 1,470 1,619 2,009 2,193 2,667 2,888 3,455 3,715 4,384 4,688 5,466 5,817 6,712 7,113 9,746
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 1 TORQUEVALUEBYCATEGORYANDTHREADSIZE
FINALTORQUEVALUES
THREAD SIZE 2.250-12UN 2.500-8UN 2.500-12UN 2.750-8UN 2.750-12UN 3.000-8UN 3.000-12UN 3.250-8UN 3.250-12UN 3.500-8UN 3.500-12UN 3.750-8UN 3.750-12UN 4.000-8UN 4.000-12UN 4.250-8UN 4.250-12UN 4.500-8UN 4.500-12UN 4.750-8UN 4.750-12UN 5.000-8UN 5.000-12UN 5.250-8UN 5.250-12UN 5.500-8UN 5.500-12UN 5.750-8UN 5.750-12UN 6.000-8UN 6.000-12UN CAT1 10kpsi 1,351 1,788 1,872 2,410 2,512 3,162 3,284 4,056 4,199 5,104 5,271 6,318 6,510 7,711 7,930 9,295 9,543 11,083 11,361 13,086 13,397 15,317 15,662 17,788 18,169 20,512 20,930 23,500 23,957 26,765 27,263 Ft-lbs +/- 10% CAT2 CAT3 25kpsi 35kpsi 3,378 3,783 4,471 5,007 4,680 5,242 6,026 6,749 6,281 7,034 7,905 8,854 8,210 9,195 10,139 11,356 10,498 11,758 12,759 14,290 13,176 14,758 15,795 17,691 16,275 18,228 19,278 21,591 19,826 22,205 23,239 26,027 23,858 26,721 27,707 31,032 28,403 31,812 32,715 36,641 33,492 37,511 38,293 42,888 39,154 43,853 44,470 49,807 45,421 50,872 51,279 57,432 52,324 58,603 58,749 65,799 59,893 67,080 66,912 74,941 68,158 76,337 CAT4 70kpsi 7,566 10,014 10,483 13,498 14,068 17,708 18,390 22,712 23,516 28,581 29,515 35,381 36,457 43,183 44,410 52,055 53,442 62,065 63,623 73,282 75,021 85,775 87,705 99,613 101,744 114,865 117,206 131,598 134,160 149,883 152,675 CAT1 10kpsi 1,832 2,425 2,538 3,268 3,406 4,287 4,452 5,499 5,693 6,920 7,146 8,566 8,826 10,455 10,752 12,603 12,939 15,026 15,404 17,742 18,163 20,767 21,234 24,117 24,633 27,810 28,376 31,861 32,481 36,288 36,964 N-m +/- 10% CAT2 CAT3 25kpsi 35kpsi 4,579 5,129 6,061 6,789 6,345 7,107 8,170 9,150 8,515 9,537 10,718 12,004 11,131 12,466 13,747 15,397 14,233 15,941 17,299 19,375 17,865 20,008 21,415 23,985 22,066 24,714 26,137 29,274 26,880 30,105 31,507 35,288 32,347 36,228 37,566 42,074 38,509 43,130 44,355 49,678 45,408 50,857 51,917 58,147 53,085 59,455 60,293 67,528 61,582 68,972 69,524 77,867 70,941 79,454 79,652 89,210 81,203 90,947 90,719 101,605 92,409 103,498 CAT4 70kpsi 10,258 13,577 14,213 18,300 19,074 24,008 24,933 30,793 31,882 38,750 40,016 47,970 49,428 58,548 60,211 70,576 72,457 84,147 86,260 99,356 101,714 116,294 118,911 135,056 137,945 155,734 158,908 178,421 181,894 203,211 206,997
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 1 continued TORQUE VALUES BY CATEGORY AND THREAD SIZE SUMMARY OF PRELOAD TENSILE STRESS CATEGORIES: CAT 1: 10,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress
(This stress level can be used with all bolt grades) Self-locking nuts and screws. Nuts and screws using lock washers. Nuts and screws threaded against rotation. Non-wetted nuts and screws locked against unthreading by tack welding, staking, or other positive means of locking. Hold down bolting for dowelled feet.
CAT 2: 25,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress

(This stress level can be used with all bolt grades) Bearing housing and bearing housing attachment bolting. Structural support components such as piping brackets, cooler or reservoir stands, etc. Shaft driven oil pump mounted on a bracket. Gearbox covers. Mechanical Seal gland bolting. Wetted nuts and bolts. May be tack welded, staked or other positive means of locking.

(Use only with material grades B6, B6X, B7, B7M, B16, B23, SAE Gr. 5, 7, 8) Pressure boundary bolting using a register fit, typically with a compressed gasket including torque applied for hydrotest (does not include horizontal split case and seal gland bolting). Note: Barrels of austenitic or duplex stainless steel material to use only 80% of Category 3 torque to avoid distortion. Hold down bolting for non-dowelled case feet without spring washers. Locknuts without provision to prevent unscrewing. Decoking equipment bolting for crosshead, pulley blocks, valves, and cutting tool. Drive screws and locking screws.

(Use only with B16, B23 or B7 up to 4.0" diameter thread) Horizontally split pump case pump (DVMX, MSN, DVS) parting flange bolting. DMX (DA) horizontal split case parting flange bolts use torque values per Vernon Engineering Bulletin VEB-0005.
CAT 5: CAUTION, NO TORQUE VALUE CONTROL FOR:

Pump to base hold down bolting using spring type lock washers (tighten sufficiently to flatten the washer). Pressure boundary bolting with a controlled gap between mating surfaces (tighten to maintain the controlled gap).
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 2 TORQUE RECORD FOR PRESSURE BOUNDARY JOINTS Project Sales Order #:_________________________________________________________ Production Order #: _________________________ Date: ______________________ Joint Torqued:__________________________________________________________ Stud Size: ____________________________ Wrench S/N: _____________________ 30%: _____________ ft-lb 60%: ___________ ft-lb 100%: ________________ ft-lb Production Order #: _________________________ Date: ______________________ Joint Torqued:_______________________________________________________________ Stud Size: ____________________________ Wrench S/N: _____________________ 30%: _____________ ft-lb 60%: _____________ ft-lb.100%: ________________ ft-lb Production Order #: _________________________ Date: ______________________ Joint Torqued:______________________________________________________________ Stud Size: ____________________________ Wrench S/N: _____________________ 30%: _____________ ft-lb 60%: _____________ ft-lb.100%: ________________ ft-lb Production Order #: _________________________ Date: ______________________ Joint Torqued:_______________________________________________________________ Stud Size: ____________________________ Wrench S/N: _____________________ 30%: _____________ ft-lb 60%: _____________ ft-lb100%: ________________ ft-lb
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 3 TORQUE SEQUENCE FOR CIRCULAR BOLTING PATTERNS
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 3 continued TORQUE SEQUENCE FOR CIRCULAR BOLTING PATTERNS
GS-8220
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Rev. A
APPENDIX 4 TORQUE SEQUENCE FOR SPLIT CASE PARTING FLANGE A Torque the center cap nuts in Section 1 and 2 (marked as , a given case assembly could have more than two center cap nuts) to approximately 30% of the specified torque value. Torque the cap nuts in Section 3 (marked as ). Start near the center of the pump and move outward towards the suction nozzle, again torquing to 30% of specified value. Torque cap nuts on opposite corner in Section 4 (marked as center and working toward the end. Torque cap nuts in Section 5 (marked as toward the end. Torque cap nuts in Section 6 (marked as toward the end. ), starting at pump
C D E F G
) starting at pump center and working ) starting at pump center and working
Repeat the same sequence used in steps A to E above to achieve 60% of specified torque value. Finish by torquing to 100% of the specified torque value, in the same sequence as in steps A to E above. Repeat sequence with a second pass at 100% to equalize load and compliance on all fasteners.
GS-8220
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Rev. A

GS 8220 - A Bolt Torque

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GS 8220 - A Bolt Torque

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Procedure Title: Torque Procedure For Commercial Pumps And Decoking Equipment.

Bearing housing and bearing housing attachment bolting.

3.2.2.b 3.2.2.c 3.2.2.d 3.2.2.e 3.2.2.f 3.2.2.g

3.3.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types:

3.3.2.b 3.3.2.c 3.3.2.d 3.3.2.e 3.3.2.f 3.4.1

3.4.2 For use on the following fasteners and joint types:

5.2 Superbolt Torque Sequence 5.2.1

TABLE 1: JACKBOLT SEQUENCE

FIGURE 1 FOUR BOLT STAR PATTERN

FIGURE 2 CIRCULAR PATTERN

5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5

) starting at pump center ) starting at pump center

CAT 2: 25,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress

CAT 3: 35,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress

CAT 4: 70,000 PSI Bolt/Stud Root Area Tensile Stress

CAT 5: CAUTION, NO TORQUE VALUE CONTROL FOR:

APPENDIX 3 TORQUE SEQUENCE FOR CIRCULAR BOLTING PATTERNS

APPENDIX 3 continued TORQUE SEQUENCE FOR CIRCULAR BOLTING PATTERNS

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