//Use of MaxSonar EZ1 sonar module in analog mode with arduino // median filter of five consecutive readings to eliminate

spikes // // Bill Gentles, Nov. 12, 2010 //borrowing an idea from the Arduino Forum on array sort //http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1283456170/12 //the "insert sort" code is from whistler // //take 5 readings and store them in an array rangevalue[] //using an "ascending insert sort" rearrange the array values in ascending order //choose the middle element in the array, which will by definition be the median of the set of values // //Analog pin 1 for reading in the analog voltage from the MaxSonar device. int anPin = 1; //variables needed to store values int arraysize = 5; //quantity of values to find the median (sample size). Needs to be an odd number int rangevalue[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; //declare an array to store the samples. not necessary to zero the array values here, it just makes the code clearer //****************************************************************************** *************** void setup() { //This opens up a serial connection to shoot the results back to the PC consol e Serial.begin(9600); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); delay(5000); //wait a while to open serial monitor window } //****************************************************************************** ** void loop() { pinMode(anPin, INPUT); //MaxSonar Analog reads are known to be very sensitive. See the Arduino forum for more information. //Maxbotix does not recommend averaging readings as the occasional value can b e wildly inaccurate and skew the average //A median sort is the preferred method. for(int i = 0; i < arraysize; i++) { ters go from 0 to 4 //array poin

//Used to read in the analog voltage output that is being sent by the MaxSon ar device. //The MaxSonar Scale factor is (Vcc/512) per inch. A 5V supply yields ~9.8mV /in //The Arduino will map input voltages between 0 and 5 volts into integer val ues between 0 and 1023. //This yields a resolution between readings of: 5 volts / 1024 units or, .00 49 volts (4.9 mV) per unit. //Therefore, one unit from the arduino's ADC represents 0.5 inches

rangevalue[i] = analogRead(anPin); Serial.print("i, value "); Serial.print(i); Serial.print(" , "); Serial.print(rangevalue[i]); Serial.println(); delay(10); //wait between analog samples } Serial.print("unsorted "); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.println(); isort(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.print("sorted "); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.println(); // now show the medaian range int midpoint = arraysize/2; //midpoint of the array is the medain value i n a sorted array //note that for an array of 5, the midpoint is element 2, as the first e lement is element 0 Serial.print("median range value "); Serial.print(rangevalue[midpoint]); Serial.println(); Serial.println(); delay(3000); r } //end of loop //wait a while so you can read the values on the serial monito

//****************************************************************************** *** // sort function void isort(int *a, int n) // *a is an array pointer function { for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) { int j = a[i]; int k; for (k = i - 1; (k >= 0) && (j < a[k]); k--) { a[k + 1] = a[k]; } a[k + 1] = j; } } //****************************************************************************** ***** //function to print array values void printArray(int *a, int n) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Serial.print(a[i], DEC); Serial.print(' ');

} Serial.println(); }

//Analog pin 1 for reading in the analog voltage from the MaxSonar device. int anPin = 1; //variables needed to store values int arraysize = 5; //quantity of values to find the median (sample size). Needs to be an odd number int rangevalue[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; //declare an array to store the samples. not necessary to zero the array values here, it just makes the code clearer void setup() { //This opens up a serial connection to shoot the results back to the PC consol e Serial.begin(9600); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); delay(5000); //wait a while to open serial monitor window } void loop() { pinMode(anPin, INPUT); for(int i = 0; i < arraysize; i++) { //array pointers go from 0 to 4 rangevalue[i] = analogRead(anPin); Serial.print("i, value "); Serial.print(i); Serial.print(" , "); Serial.print(rangevalue[i]); Serial.println(); delay(10); //wait between analog samples }

Serial.print("unsorted "); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.println(); isort(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.print("sorted "); printArray(rangevalue, arraysize); Serial.println(); // now show the medaian range int midpoint = arraysize/2; //midpoint of the array is the medain value i n a sorted array //note that for an array of 5, the midpoint is element 2, as the first e lement is element 0 Serial.print("median range value "); Serial.print(rangevalue[midpoint]); Serial.println(); Serial.println(); delay(3000); r } //end of loop //wait a while so you can read the values on the serial monito

// sort function void isort(int *a, int n) // *a is an array pointer function { for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) { int j = a[i]; int k; for (k = i - 1; (k >= 0) && (j < a[k]); k--) { a[k + 1] = a[k]; } a[k + 1] = j; } } //function to print array values void printArray(int *a, int n) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { Serial.print(a[i], DEC); Serial.print(' '); } Serial.println(); }