ACITVE AND PASSIVE VOICE A sentence can be written in either active voice or passive voice without changing the

meaning of it. When the verb in a sentence shows that the subject is the doer of the action, the verb is in the active voice. Examples: 1. Children painted these pictures. (Children subject; painted verb; pictures object) 2. James writes a letter (James subject; writes verb; letter object) When the verb in a sentence shows that the subject is not the doer of the action, the verb is in the passive voice. (Generally you will find by in the sentence. If by is not there, you can put a question Who?, you will get an answer.) Examples: 1. These pictures were painted by children: (pictures subject; painted verb; children - object 2. A letter is written by James (letter subject, written verb; James Object) Rules for conversion from Active to Passive Voice 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The subject and object are interchanged The preposition BY is added before the object The verb is changed to past participle (3rd form of verb) A new auxiliary is added to the Past Participle form of verb. If the subject or the object in an active voice sentence is a pronoun (I, we, you, he, she, they, it) it changes: (I-me; we-us; you-you; he-him; she-her; they-them; it-it) and vice-versa. e.g. I wrote a letter A letter was written by me. The prefect does keep accusing me daily I am being accused by the prefect daily. 6. If the subject in the active voice sentence is unknown or unimportant or obvious, by + object is omitted. We make butter from cows milk. Butter is made from cows milk. 7. If the verb in the active voice sentence has a modal in it, the verb is changed to modal + be + the past participle. e.g. Rajesh can lift this box. This box can be lifted by Rajesh. We should obey the rules. The rules should be obeyed. 8. When there are two objects, only one object is interchanged. The second object remains unchanged. (He told me a story He- subject; me object 1; a story object 2) ( I was told a story by him; A story was told to me by him)

The table below shows how the verb is changed into its passive voice form in different tenses. Tense The simple present The present continuous The present perfect The simple past The past continuous The past perfect The simple future The Future continuous The Future in the past Active Voice He eats an apple He is eating an apple. Passive Voice An apple is eaten by him. An apple is being eaten by him. He has eaten an apple. An apple has been eaten by him. He ate an apple. An apple was eaten by him. He was eating an apple An apple was being eaten by him He had eaten an apple An apple had been eaten by him He will eat an apple An apple will be eaten by him. He will be eating an apple. An apple will have been eaten by him. He would have eaten an An apple would have been apple eaten by him

Note: Some of the sentences like sentences constructed using auxiliary verbs( Hariharan is a good boy); perfect continuous tenses ( in all the three time periods Present, Past, Future) (My room mate has been copying my homework) and intransitive verbs ( I go to temple or she has gone to the market) cannot be converted into passive form .

English Error Spotting And Sentence Improvement - Presentation Transcript

1. ENGLISH ERROR SPOTTING AND SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT AFTERSCHO OL DEVELOPING CHANGE MAKERS CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PGPSE PROGRAMME World Most Comprehensive programme in social entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS 2. ENGLISH ERROR SPOTTING AND SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT Dr. T.K. Jain. AFTERSCHO OL Centre for social entrepreneurship Bikaner M: 9414430763 [email_address] www.afterschool.tk ,

www.afterschoool.tk www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS 3. ENGLISH ERROR SPOTTING AND SENTENCE IMPROVEMENT
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They ought to be here before now. CORRECT : They ought to be here by now. 4. He is known about charity.

He is known for charity 5. The dog ran through the road.

The dog ran across the road. 6. He broke the cup in a hundred pieces.

He broke the cup into hundred pieces. 7. This work of art is worthy for praise.

This work of art is worthy of praise. 8. The political environment is not conducive for economic reforms.

The political environment is not conducive to economic 9. He acceded with my proposal.

reforms.

He acceded to my proposal. 10. Which newspaper do you subscribe for? Which newspaper do you subscribe to ? 11. Kabir was born from humble parents. Kabir was born of humble parents. 12. He scoffed on the idea of revolution. He scoffed at the idea of revolution. 13. The soil of Poona is favourable for roses. The soil of Poona is favourable to roses. 14. We must not carp with the errors of our ancestors. We must not carp at / about the errors of our ancestors.

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The man laboured to good results. The man laboured for good results.

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I was on bed when he telephoned me. I was in bed when he telephoned me.

17.
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He travelled thirty kilometres for two hours. He travelled thirty kilometres in two hours.

18.
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The child is endowed by talents difficult to find. The child is endowed with talents difficult to find.

19.
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Narasimha Rao is distinguished in the cartoons for his pout. Narasimha Rao is distinguished in the cartoons by his

pout. 20.
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Patanjali is an authority for Sanskrit grammar. Patanjali is an authority on Sanskrit grammar.

21.
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He is a descendant from the Mughal royalty. He is a descendant of the Mughal royalty.

22.
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The shopkeeper deals with cotton and cloth. The shopkeeper deals in cotton and cloth.

23.
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Where have you been to? Where have you been?

24.
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He lives at Delhi in India. He lives in Delhi in India.

25. I would occupy myself with no more important business than with this.
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I would occupy myself with no more important business 26. He has not been cured for his disease. He has not been cured of his disease. 27. My brother is deficient at mathematics. My brother is deficient in mathematics. 28. We are expecting the reply till evening.

than this.

We are expecting the reply by evening. 29. The final decision rests upon the director. The final decision rests on the director. 30. The river flows below the bridge. The river flows under the bridge. 31. He has been studying from yesterday. He has been studying since yesterday. 32. The man died from fever. The ma died of fever. 33. He is on the top of the class. He is at the top of the class. 34. Srirang rushed at my room, panting for breath. Srirang rushed into my room, panting for breath. 35. The commentator seems to be enamoured by quotes from Shakespeare.

The commentator seems to be enamoured of quotes from Shakespeare.

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36.
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The poor man is beset by difficulties. The poor man is beset with difficulties.

37.
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The weather was not very congenial for him. The weather was not very congenial to him.

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We should adapt with the changing times. We should adapt to the changing times.

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His friends condoled him at his bereavement. His friends condoled with him on his bereavement.

40. The approach to this part of the book is similar with that to the other part. The approach to this part of the book is similar to that of the other part.
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41.

He has reverted at his former job.

He has reverted to his former job. 42. I am sick with the entire episode. I am sick of the entire episode. 43. They feel that buying things dispenses of the necessity to produce them.

They feel that buying things dispenses with the necessity to produce them.
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44.
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The truth is just the opposite of this. The truth is just the opposite to this.

45.
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He is blind to one eye. He is blind of one eye.

46.
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Quite a few Delhiites have fallen victim of dengue fever. Quite a few Delhiites have fallen victim to dengue fever.

47.
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A desire of success is the prerequisite for success. A desire for success is the prerequisite of success.

48.
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He gained his rich uncle by his suave manners. He gained upon his rich uncle by his suave manners.

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The seniormost worker here is a man of about 30 years old. The seniormost worker here is a man about 30 years old.

50.
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The cat jumped on the chair. The cat jumped upon the chair.

51. His adventure was given much prominence to in the magazines. His adventure was given much prominence in the magazines.
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52.
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Do not brag of your success. Do not brag about / of your success.

53.
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The thief entered the house at the owners absence. The thief entered the house in the owners absence.

54.

The man was staring on the gift.

The man was staring at the gift. 55. The work was done out of haste. The work was done in haste. 56. He has been working hard for English. He has been working hard at English. 57. The passenger lost his purse from negligence. The passenger lost his purse through negligence. 58. He walked till the bank of the river He walked to the bank of the river 59. Manu does not go to bed by 9p.m. Manu does not go to bed before 9p.m. 60. Are places of worship still inaccessible for the lower castes? Are places of worship still inaccessible to the lower 61. The ministers should be made accountable for the common man.

castes?

The ministers should be made accountable to the common man.

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62.
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Madhu is always absorbed by her studies. Madhu is always absorbed in her studies.

63.
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He adheres with strict schedule. He adheres to strict schedule.

64.
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He quarrelled against me for a trifle. He quarrelled with me for a trifle.

65.
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My opinion does not accord to yours. My opinion does not accord with yours.

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Hard work will result success for you. Hard work will result in success for you.

67. A telephone is a convenience to those in constant need of communication from afar.

A telephone is a convenience for those in constant need of communication from afar.

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68. Titles in India should be prefixed only with the names of military officers. Titles in India should be prefixed only to the names of military officers.
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69.
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He was discharged as there was no proof against his guilt He was discharged as there was no proof of his guilt

70.
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I have no use for it. I have no use of it.

71.
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He was equal with the occasion. He was equal to the occasion.

72.
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He grasped at the meaning of the passage in no time. He grasped the meaning of the passage in no time.

73.
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He entered into the room. He entered the room.

74. After having written the letter, I began to look for an envelope.
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Having written the letter, I began to look for an envelope. 75. He lay besides the charming girl. He lay beside the charming girl. 76. One should not brood at one failure. One should not brood over ones failure. 77. You might choke yourself from that thing round your neck. You might choke yourself with that thing round your 78. Many people we gazing her. Many people we gazing at her. 79. The rules and regulations apply for all The rules and regulations apply to all 80. About AFTERSCHOOL

neck.

PGPSE - Worlds most comprehensive programme on social entrepreneurship after class 12 th

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Flexible fast changing to meet the requirements Admission open throughout the year

Complete support from beginning to the end from idea generation to making the project viable. 81.
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Branches of AFTERSCHOOL

PGPSE programme is open all over the world as free online programme. Those who complete PSPSE have the freedom to start branches of AFTERSCHOOL
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A few branches have already started - one such branch is at KOTA (Rajasthan).
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82.
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Workshop on social entrepreneurship

We conduct workshop on social entrepreneurship all over India and out of India also - in school, college, club, association or any such place - just send us a call and we will come to conduct the workshop on social entrepreeurship. These workshops are great moments of learning, sharing, and commitments.
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FREE ONLINE PROGRAMME

AFTERSCHOOL is absolutely free programme available online any person can join it. The programme has four components : 1. case studies writing and analysing using latest tools of management
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2. articles / reports writing & presentation of them in conferences / seminars

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3. Study material / books / ebooks / audio / audio visual material to support the study
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4. business plan preparation and presentations of those plans in conferences / seminars

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AFTERSCHOOL has the record of 100% placement / entrepreneurship till date

Be assured of a bright career if you join AFTERSCHOOL

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AFTERSCHOOL permits you to pursue distance education based professional / vocational courses and gives you support for that also. Many students are doing CA / CS/ ICWA / CMA / FRM / CFP / CFA and other courses along with PGPSE.
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