Acknowledgement I express my intellectual debt of gratitude to the people who have helped in enriching the project which I have

liberally drawn. I record a word of appreciation to Prof. Nameeta Sonaskar to give an opportunity to work on this project I also record a word of appreciation to KC College of Engineering & Management Studies & Research for giving me the opportunity to work on this project.

Index Sr. No Topic Project Management 1 2 Sources of Finance Project Management Software 3 10 Page No.

Environment Management

Roles & Responsibilities of company toward total achievement of TQM

14

Project Management 1. Sources of finance

Introduction

Borrowings from banks are an important source of finance to companies. Bank lending is still mainly short term, although medium-term lending is quite common these days. Short term lending may be in the form of: a) an overdraft, which a company should keep within a limit set by the bank. Interest is charged (at a variable rate) on the amount by which the company is overdrawn from day to day; b) a short-term loan, for up to three years. Medium-term loans are loans for a period of from three to ten years. The rate of interest charged on medium-term bank lending to large companies will be a set margin, with the size of the margin depending on the credit standing and riskiness of the borrower. A loan may have a fixed rate of interest or a variable interest rate, so that the rate of interest charged will be adjusted every three, six, nine or twelve months in line with recent movements in the Base Lending Rate. Lending to smaller companies will be at a margin above the bank's base rate and at either a variable or fixed rate of interest. Lending on overdraft is always at a variable rate. A loan at a variable rate of interest is sometimes referred to as a floating rate loan. Longer-term bank loans will sometimes be available, usually for the purchase of property, where the loan takes the form of a mortgage. When a banker is asked by a business customer for a loan or overdraft facility, he will consider several factors, known commonly by the mnemonic PARTS. - Purpose - Amount - Repayment - Term - Security P The purpose of the loan A loan request will be refused if the purpose of the loan is not acceptable to the bank. A The amount of the loan. The customer must state exactly how much he wants to borrow. The banker must verify, as far as he is able to do so, that the amount required to make the proposed investment has been estimated correctly. R How will the loan be repaid? Will the customer be able to obtain sufficient income to make the necessary repayments? T What would be the duration of the loan? Traditionally, banks have offered short-term loans and overdrafts, although medium-term loans are now quite common. S Does the loan require security? If so, is the proposed security adequate?

Financing for business by ICICI Bank ICICI business banking loan segment offers you a host of innovative products and flexible services which are customised to meet your evolving financial needs through our wide branch network. a) Secured Loans FEATURES Facilities offered : Cash Credit / Overdraft for meeting working capital finance requirement. Export Credit to provide Pre-Shipment & Post Shipment finance . Letter of Credit to facilitate trade. Bank Guarantees for meeting performance and financial obligations. Term Loan for purchase of commercial assets & business expansion needs. Lending Exposure: Upto Rs 50.0 million for working capital and capital expenditure needs Acceptable collaterals: Residential/Commercial/Industrial property, liquid securities Eligible entities: Sole Proprietorship Firm, Partnership Firms, Private limited Companies, Public limited Companies Pre-requisites: Minimum one year business operation & audited financial. *and such other pre-requisites as may be desired by the bank BENEFITS Low collateral requirementLending available upto 3 times of the value of the collateral Fast processing De-centralised operations for fast processing and quick availability of loans Convenient Documentation Convenient documentation process to offer ease and flexibility

Attractive Pricing Low interest rates and commission charges Priority sector clients Attractive pricing offered for customers under priority sector lending. Fast and Easy renewals Hassle free renewals with less documentation Dedicated and exclusive relationship managers Dedicated relationship managers to provide complete financial solutions Easy Accessibility Leverage on our anywhere banking services through 2500 plus branch network CHARGES APPLICABLE Processing Loan processing fees shall be charged Fees based on loan sanctioned amount to ICICI Bank's Base rate* for fund based facility

Interest Pricing shall be linked

Commission Shall be charged on pro rata basis based on the tenure and the amount of non-fund based facility being availed *ICICI Bank Base rate at present is 9.50%p.a .The same is subject to change from time to time . This is a facility specially designed under the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme of SIDBI and Ministry of Small and Medium Enterprises. FEATURES Facilities offered Cash Credit for meeting working capital finance requirement Letter of Credit to facilitate trade. Bank Guarantees for performance and financial obligations Term Loan for purchase of commercial assets & business expansion needs Lending Exposure: Upto Rs 10 million for meeting working capital and capital expenditure needs Eligible entities: Sole Proprietorship Companies Firms,Partnership Firms,Private limited Companies,Public limited

Eligible business segment: Manufacturers Pre- requisites*: Audited financial statements of past two years . Existing Track record of loans Investment in Plant & Machinery to be less than Rs. 50 million *and such other pre-requisites as may be desired by the bank BENEFITS 1. Collateral free loan No collateral is taken providing ease to customers. 2. Fast processing De-centralised operations and simple documentation enabling fast turnaround time. 3. Convenient Documentation Convenient documentation process to offer ease and flexibility 4. Hassle -free loan No third party guarantee required 5. Attractive Pricing Low interest rates and commission charges . 6. Wide reach Loan can be availed at any of our 2500 plus branch network 7. Multiple banking possible Multiple banking facility can be availed by offering Pari passu charge on current assets DOCUMENTATION Financial Documents -2 years audited financial statements along with Income Tax Returns of the entity and the promoters -Sanction letter of all existing bank loans -Last 6 months bank statement of the entity

-Declarations for investment in plant & machinery . KYC documents -Identity proof and address proof of the promoters -Constitution documents and address proof of the entity CHARGES APPLICABLE Processing Fees Loan processing fees shall be charged based on loan amount sanctioned. Apart from the same CGTMSE charges guarantee fees of 1.50% of the sanction amount and annual service charges of 0.75% payable every year . Interest Pricing shall be linked to ICICI bank's base rate* for fund based facilityCommission Shall be charged on pro rata basis based on the tenure and the amount of the non fund based facility being availed *ICICI Bank Base rate at present is 9.50%p.a .The same is subject to change from time to time . Financing for business by Bajaj Finance When you are running a business, growth is a sign of progress and key to the success of your enterprise. We, at Bajaj Finserv Lending, realize the needs of a growing business and therefore offer a customized financial solution that facilitates growth. Bajaj Finserv Lending business loan takes care of your business requisites and provides a strong platform for your business to succeed. Bajaj Finserv lending is one of the premier financial services organization in the country. Our specialized product offering, simplified process, minimal documentation, and convenient doorstep service makes the whole process hassle free. Providing premium service and keeping your business interests above everything else is imperative to our organization. Our Small Business Loans come with fast approval and hassle free documentation. Whether you operate in manufacturing sector, service industry or any other field, Bajaj Finserv Lending takes care of the hurdles so your business can be on the fast track to success.

Features Our Small Business Loans are unsecured loans which can be availed for your business use without providing security, collateral or guarantors. Business Loans could be taken for your business expansion or any other immediate business requirement. Bajaj Finserv Lending Small Business Loans come with the following unique Features: Loan amount ranging between Rs. 5 lacs to Rs. 40 lacs Flexible repayment options of 12 to 36 months Part Prepayment facility** - Now, be rewarded for repaying your loan on time and reduce your EMI or tenor or both by using the part prepayment facility .You can prepay upto 6 times in a calendar year at any interval with the minimum amount per prepay transaction being not less than 3 EMIs and there is no limit on the maximum amount.

Benefits Bajaj Finserv Lending Small Business Loans come with the following unique Benefits: Hassle free documentation & loan approval Doorstep service Direct Credit to your account Attractive & customized life insurance products Prompt Repayment Benefit - Bajaj Finance offers an exclusive benefit to the customers who pay all their EMIs on time. Subject to timely clearance and no delays of all EMIs for the total tenor, we would refund 0.50% of the annualised EMI paid, for every 12 months till 18 months if the original loan tenor is upto 18 months. If the original loan tenor is over 18 months, then we would refund back 1% of the annualised EMI paid, for every 12 months till 24 months, provided timely clearance and no delays of all EMIs. Bajaj Finserv Lending business loans help your company leverage the financial capital required to expand and grow your business. We recognize your needs as a growing company and hence provide you with the financial solution to achieve your goal. Eligibility Self Employed:

Businessman - Ltd companies, PVT Ltd companies, Partnership Firms, Proprietorship Professionals - (Doctors [MBBS, MD, DM, BDS, MDS, only] & Chartered Accountants only)

Documents Documents Application form 1 Photograph Applicant Income Details

Professional of Co-

Businessman

IT Returns, Balance Sheet & P/LIT Returns, Balance Sheet & P/L Account statement for the last 2Account statement for the last 2 years with Annexure years with Annexure Bank Account Statements For last 6 months For last 6 months KYC documents of Coapplicant MOA,AOA/Partnership Business Proof Certificate of Practice Deed/Shop Act License

Fees & Charges Types of fees Processing Fees EMI bounce charges Penal Interest Foreclosure Charges *

Charges Applicable 2% of the loan amount Rs 1000 for every bounce 2.00% p.m NIL

2. Project Management Software

Introduction Project management software is a term covering many types of software, including estimation and planning, scheduling, cost control and budget management, resource allocation, collaboration software, communication, quality management and documentation or administration systems, which are used to deal with the complexity of large projects. Tasks or activities of project management software Scheduling One of the most common purposes is to schedule a series of events or tasks and the complexity of the schedule can vary considerably depending on how the tool is used. Some common challenges include:

Events which depend on one another in different ways or dependencies. Scheduling people to work on, and resources required by, the various tasks, commonly termed resource scheduling. Dealing with uncertainties in the estimates of the duration of each task.

Providing information Project planning software can be expected to provide information to various people or stakeholders, and can be used to measure and justify the level of effort required to complete the project(s). Typical requirements might include:

Tasks list for people, and allocation schedules for resources. Overview information on how long tasks will take to complete. Early warning of any risks to the project. Information on workload, for planning holidays. Evidence. Historical information on how projects have progressed, and in particular, how actual and planned performance is related. Optimum utilization of available resource. Cost Maintenance. What kinds of buildings are made i.e. schools, home, collages, shopping mall etc.

Approaches to project management software Desktop Project management software can be implemented as a program that runs on the desktop of each user. This typically gives the most responsive and graphically-intense style of interface. Desktop applications typically store their data in a file, although some have the ability to collaborate with

other users (see below), or to store their data in a central database. Even a file-based project plan can be shared between users if it's on a networked drive and only one user accesses it at a time. Desktop applications can be written to run in a heterogeneous environment of multiple operating systems, although it's unusual. Web-based Project management software can be implemented as a Web application, accessed through an intranet, or an extranet using a web browser. This has all the usual advantages and disadvantages of web applications:

Can be accessed from any type of computer without installing software on user's computer. Ease of access-control. Naturally multi-user. Only one software version and installation to maintain. Centralized data repository. Typically slower to respond than desktop applications. Project information not available when the user (or server) is offline. Some solutions allow the user to go offline with a copy of the data.

Personal A personal project management application is one used at home, typically to manage lifestyle or home projects. There is considerable overlap with single user systems, although personal project management software typically involves simpler interfaces. See also non-specialized tools below. Single user A single-user system is programmed with the assumption that only one person will ever need to edit the project plan at once. This may be used in small companies, or ones where only a few people are involved in top-down project planning. Desktop applications generally fall into this category. Collaborative A collaborative system is designed to support multiple users modifying different sections of the plan at once; for example, updating the areas they personally are responsible for such that those estimates get integrated into the overall plan. Web-based tools, including extranets, generally fall into this category, but have the limitation that they can only be used when the user has live Internet access. To address this limitation, some software tools using clientserver architecture provide a rich client that runs on users' desktop computer and replicate project and task information to other project team members through a central server when users connect

periodically to the network. Some tools allow team members to check out their schedules (and others' as read only) to work on them while not on the network. When reconnecting to the database, all changes are synchronized with the other schedules. Integrated An integrated system combines project management or project planning, with many other aspects of company life. For example, projects can have bug tracking issues assigned to each project, the list of project customers becomes a customer relationship management module, and each person on the project plan has their own task lists, calendars, and messaging functionality associated with their projects. Similarly, specialized tools like Source Forge integrate project management software with source control (CVS) software and bug-tracking software, so that each piece of information can be integrated into the same system. Non-specialised tools While specialised software may be common, and heavily promoted by each vendor, there are a vast range of other software (and non-software) tools used to plan and schedule projects.

Calendaring software can often handle scheduling as easily as dedicated software. Spreadsheets are very versatile, and can be used to calculate things not anticipated by the designers.

Advantages of project management software how to define them? General items are called project management software benefits which are not the same as detailed software features which give you more specific definition for software functionality. When you begin initial evaluating of the project management software pros and cons through studying and comparing their detailed feature lists, this can only complicate the whole process, so what you need to do is to contact sales/support departments of software development companies with a brief request including what you want to see in project management software, asking if they can satisfy these needs. There are the following examples of benefits that you may request:

Possibility to collaborate with your teammates in real-time (assigning and controlling tasks). Possibility to share documents systematizing, editing, status-tracking etc. Possibility to manage work-related costs. Possibility to manage risks, budgeting, business forecasting etc. Possibility to build performance reports and charts. Simplicity in use and installation. Moderate and flexible project management software pricing. Qualified and attentive support service.

What you need to know about the software is approximate project management software market share that it takes to be sure that this tool is quite popular and it has enough of satisfied users to be trusted. Study their testimonials and case studies. Disadvantages of project management software: Disadvantages are defects in software usability which can prevent you from buying it. You may face the following serious disadvantages that can negatively influence your choice:

Overpriced project management software costs related to software buying, implementation, maintenance etc. Some products are sold along with different modules which make them more expensive than it is officially announced, for example you may be charged with additional payments for collaborative server etc. Poor or ugly user interface. It is clear that you cannot be satisfied using a tool which interface just exasperates you, because it looks weird, it is inconvenient, overloaded etc. Poor quality. If software is full of bugs you cannot use it normally. In order to understand if it is ok you should join trial period to take all-round project management software testing to know if it is really workable, but not producing error-messages after every operation. Careless support service. If you cannot get any answer from their support service for a few days, then you shouldnt pay them as far as their carelessness doesn't bode well.

Example of effective project management software: Finacle universal banking products are designed to address the core banking, e-banking, Islamic banking, treasury, wealth management and CRM requirements of retail, corporate and universal banks. It is developed by Infosys, and is one of the major players in the arena of core banking in Indian and Asian banking domains. T.V. Mohandas Pai was closely associated with it. Services Providing support & services is typical in such huge software implementations. Services provided by Infosys for the maintenance of the application include.

Application development and maintenance Application management Independent validation Migration services Performance tuning Software performance engineering System integration Value mining

Environment Management 1. Roles & Responsibilities of company toward total achievement of TQM
Introduction Total quality management or TQM is an integrative philosophy of management for continuously improving the quality of products and processes. TQM functions on the premise that the quality of products and processes is the responsibility of everyone who is involved with the creation or consumption of the products or services offered by an organization. In other words, TQM capitalizes on the involvement of management, workforce, suppliers, and even customers, in order to meet or exceed customer expectations. Considering the practices of TQM as discussed in six empirical studies, Cua, McKone, and Schroeder (2001) identified the nine common TQM practices as cross-functional product design, process management, supplier quality management, customer involvement, information and feedback, committed leadership, strategic planning, cross-functional training, and employee involvement. The main difference between TQM and Six Sigma (a newer concept) is the approach. At its core, Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction. In a TQM effort, all members of an organization participate in improving processes, products, services and the culture in which they work. Principles of TQM 1- Be Customer focused: Whatever you do for quality improvement, remember that ONLY customers determine the level of quality. Whatever you do to foster quality improvement, training employees, integrating quality into processes management, only customers determine whether your efforts were worthwhile.

2-Insure Total Employee Involvement: You must remove fear from work place, then empower employee and provide the proper environment. 3- Process Centered: Fundamental part of TQM is to focus on process thinking. 4- Integrated system: All employee must know the business mission and vision. An integrated business system may be modeled by MBNQA or ISO 9000

5- Strategic and systematic approach: Strategic plan must integrate quality as core component. 6- Continual Improvement: Using analytical, quality tools, and creative thinking to become more efficient and effective.

7- Fact Based Decision Making: Decision making must be ONLY on data, not personal or situational thinking.

8- Communication: Communication strategy, method and timeliness must be well defined. TQM Implementation Approaches You can't implement just one effective solution for planning and implementing TQM concepts in all situations. Below we list generic models for implementing total quality management theory: 1- Train top management on TQM principles. 2- Assess the current: Culture, customer satisfaction, and quality management system. 3- Top management determines the core values and principles and communicates them. 4Develop a TQM master plan based on steps 1,2,3.

5- Identify and prioritize customer needs and determine products or service to meet those needs. 6- Determine the critical processes that produces those products or services. 7- Create process improvement teams. Strategies to develop TQM 1-TQM elements approach: Take key business process and use TQM Tools to foster improvement. Use quality circles, statistical process control, taguchi method, and quality function deployment. 2 - The guru approach: Use the guides of one of the leading quality thinker. 3- Organization model approach: The organization use benchmarking or MBNQA as model for excellence. 4- Japanese total quality approach: Companies pursue the deming prize use deming principles

Examples of TQM followed by companies 1. Nokia uses Total Quality Management (TQM) which mentions more about training worker program, and makes the higher product quality. All employees are well-trained and motivated consecutively afterward production processes also developed as well. In addition, as Merriden (2001) claims that Nokia established Research and Development department (R&D) where develops its product line into modern modification as well quality as the existing products. 2. Xerox Corporation, the famous photocopy machine company, used TQM as a competitive strategy. TQM played an important role in the success of the corporation. TQM in the Xerox Corporation included programs such as benchmarking, reduced supplier base, and forming leadership teams (Evans-Correia, 1991). By implementing these programs, the corporation won the prize for quality in 1980 and gained the support from employees and customers. Another effect of TQM is the corporation had gained a lot of knowledge from using this new strategy.