Ch 6. Structures 2-D Trusses: 2-D Trusses: 3-D Trusses Joints Sections Statics Chapter 1. Basics 2. Vectors 3. Forces 4.

Moments 5. Rigid Bodies 6. Structures 7. Centroids/Inertia 8. Internal Loads 9. Friction 10. Work & Energy Appendix Basic Math Units Sections 2-D Trusses: Method of Sections Frames and Machines Theory

Multimedia Engineering Statics

Case Intro

Case Solution

Example

Simulation

STATICS - EXAMPLE Example

Determine the force in members BE, BJ, DJ, and IJ. (ADJ and HDB are not continues, each consist of two elements.)

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eBooks Dynamics Fluids Math Mechanics Multimedia Mems Statics Thermodynamics Author(s): Kurt Gramoll Kurt Gram oll

Complex Truss with Loading

Solution
The first step is to find the support reaction forces. Vertical reaction force at F can be found by taking the moment about L.

ML= 0
= - 6Fy + 5Gy + 4Hy + 3Iy + 2Jy = - 6Fy + 5(2) + 4(3) + 3(5) + 2(2) = - 6Fy + 41 = 0 Fy = 6.833 kN
Reaction Forces at End Supports

Summation of forces in the y direction should be zero.

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F= 0
Fy + Ly - (Gy + Hy + Iy + Jy ) = 0 6.833 + Ly - (2 + 3 + 5 + 2) = 0 Ly = 5.167 kN Another method to find Ly is to take the moment about F. It is a good way to check to see if the previous value for Ly was found correctly.

MF = 0
= 6Ly - ( Gy + 2Hy + 3Iy + 4Jy ) = 6Ly - ( 2 + 2(3) + 3(5) + 4(2) ) = 6Ly - 31 = 0 Ly = 5.167 kN To find the value of the forces it is easier to use method of sections. Since the problem asks for four member forces, BE, BJ, DJ, and IJ, the problem needs to be solved taking two cuts. The first cut , shown at the left, will be used to solve for member force in member BE. Then another cut will be used to find the other three member forces. Moments about J can be taken to find the value of the FBE (notation EJ represents the length of the member EJ).
Method of Section (Cut 1) to Determine FBE

MJ = 0
= 2L + FBE(EJ) JBE is a right triangle and BE is perpendicular to EJ. The length of KE and JK is 1. Based on Pythagorean theorem, EJ is the square root of 2. (EJ = 1.414).

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2L + FBE(1.414) = 0 2(5.167) + FBE(1.414) = 0 FEB = -7.308 kN Now that FBE is known, another cut can be made to find FJB, FJD, and FIJ. To find FJD and FJB, moment about L can be used with the sum of the vertical forces (notation JL mean length of JL)

ML = 0
= JL (2kN) - FJD(BD) - FJB(JL) = 2(2) - FJD(1.414) - FJB(2)

Fy = 0
Method of Section (Cut 2) to Determine FJB, FJD, and FIJ

= FJD + FJB + 5.167 - 2 -7.308(sin45) FJD and FJB can be found by solving the above system of equations to give FJD = -0.8327(10-3) kN FJB = 2.000 kN FJD is found to be 0.8 newton which is negligible and is because of the rounding errors. Summation of forces in x direction can be written in order to find the value of FIJ (very small)

Fx = 0
= FEB(cos45) + FJD(cos45) + FIJ = -7.308 (0.707) + 0 (0.707) + FIJ
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FIJ = 5.167 kN FIJ can also be found by taking the moment about joint B

MB = 0
= L(JL) - FJD(BD) - FIJ(BJ) = 5.167(2) + 0 (1.414) - FIJ(2) FIJ = 5.167 kN

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