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Aim Certificate Acknowledgement Theory Introduction A break through of various parts & their uses of coconut tree Materials required for Experiment Procedure for Experiment Result Discussion Bibliography

AIM To study the various aspects & uses of coconut tree & to analyse the mineral ions present in coconut water Theory Information regarding coconut palm Coconut Palm is the tall, evergreen, graceful tree on which the coconut grows. It probably is a native to South East Asia & Islands of Melanesia in the Pacific Ocean. But it has been introduced into all the tropical and subtropical parts of the world. It stands from 40-100 feet (12-30 m) high as featherlike leavers spread from the top of its Branchless trunk. The Coconut Palm is one of the most useful trees. People in the tropics build houses and bridges from its wood & use whole leaves to make thatch roof & strips of leaves to make has, mats & baskets. COCONUT is the fruit of the coconut palm. Clusters of these large round fruits grow among the leaves of the tree. Each coconut has a smooth light Coloured rind. Under the rind is a 1-2 inch (2.5-5 cms) husk of reddish-brown, fibers. The husk and rind surrounds a brown woody shell that has 3 soft spots called eyes at one end. The rind & busk are usually cut away before the coconuts are marketed. INTRODUCTION Family : Palmae Genus : Cocos

Species : Nucifern COCONUT TREE The Coconut tree is one of the most useful trees. It is the tall, graceful tree on which the coconut grows. It grows wild on sea-coasts and is cultivated in moist frost-free climate. The coconut fruit is large, single-seeded, smooth on outside, yellowish or greenish in colour with in outer shell is fibrous, husk. The inner shell is round and hard. When green, the fruit contains abundant liquid called COCONUT WATER, which is sweet and nutritious drink. Coconut water (actually liquid endosperm) is a refreshing drink, free of pathogens, it is the most valuable in tropics when pure water is scarce. No other single plant provide as much as Cocos nucifera. Most important of all is the sweet & refreshing Coconut water as it contains many Mineral Ions (ANIONS & CATIONS) which are required by human body) GROWING COCONUT PALMS In the tropics, people can plant coconut palms all year. They half bury the coconut in a horizontal position. Within 6 months, a leaf sprouts from one of the eye & pushes through the husk. The Palm can be transplanted within 1-4 years. The palm will bear coconuts after 7 or 8 years. Coconut palms need much water & a temperature of at least 720 F. (220C) most of the year. DEVELOPMENT OF COCONUT PALMS COCONUTS grow in clusters among the leaves of the coconut palm. The coconut seed lies inside the shell. It is a ball of crisp, white, sweet tasting coconut meat covered by a tough brown skin. The seeds hollow center holds sugary liquid. A well tented tree produces a 100 coconuts a year. Each fruit takes about a year to ripen. Ripe coconuts fall from the tree. However, on plantation, the coconuts are usually cut from the trees every 2 or 3 months. Solid, dried coconut meat is called Copra. Copra contains a valuable oil that is used for cooking & to make margarine & soap. To make copra, coconuts are split open & dried in the sun or in ovens. Some coconuts are dried by smoking. Throughout the world people enjoy eating crisp, juicy chinks of fresh Coconut meat. Shredded & dried coconut meat adds a distinctive flavor & texture to candy bars & other food, People in tropical lands also use the coconut husk. They weave the short, stiff fibers (Called Coir) of the husk into mats, ropes & brooms. COCONUT SEED lies inside the shell. It is a ball of crisp, white, sweet tasting coconut meat covered by a tough brown skin. Its hollow center holds a sugary liquid called

coconut water. It measures from 8-12 inches (20-30 cms) long & from 6-10 inches (15-25 cms) across. VARIOUS USES OF COCONUT TREE PARTS Coconut is the most versatile and valuable tree of the tropics. To harvest coconut, men claim trees or use knives on long bamboo poles. The coconut forms the very basis for like for the people in specific. 1. The coconut is tapped for the sweet refreshing milk when green and is most valuable in tropics when pure water is scarce. 2. Coconut meat is shredded for use in baked goods or candies. The dried meat called copra contains 60% oil used in making soaps, cooking tat, margarine, cosmetic etc. 3. The coconut cake, solid material left after removing oil cake and is used in making cattle food and fertilizers. 4. The fiber from the husk is called coir and is used to make mats brushed, a packing material. 5. The shell provides domestic utensils like ladles and cups. It is polished and ornamental into souvenirs and decorative objects. When burnt, it yield excellent lamp black. 6. The leaves are used to thatch roofs and make bats, baskets fans etc. 7. Young leaf shoots may be eaten as salad. 8. The coconut sap, sweetish fluid called toddy is demented into alcoholic beverage orient vinegar. It can also be used to make yeast and sugar. 9. The trunk is used for making canoes post, rafts and fences. 10. The ribs of the leaves are used for spears, arrows and torches. No other single plant provides as much as the Cocos nucifera. Most important of all is the sweet and refreshing coconut water as it contains may dissolved anions & cations which are required by the human body.

PROCEDURE FOR EXPERIMENT TEST FOR ANIONS (Acid Radicles) S/No Experiment Conservation 1 To the sample of coconut water No change occurs. taken in text tube, add dil. H2SO4 Inference CO32- ,SO32- ,S2NO2- Ions are absent