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Delhi, the National Capital, is bounded by Uttar Pradesh on the East and by Haryana on North, South and West. Delhi State seems overwhelmingly green, however, the green cover is not uniformly distributed as some parts have considerable greenery than the others. The New Delhi and South Districts are much greener compared to other Districts. As per the State of Forest Report, 2001, Delhi has 151 Sq. Km. as Forest and Tree Cover that is 111.33 Sq. Km and 40 sq. Km. respectively which constitutes only 10.2% of the Delhis geographical area of 1,483 Sq. Km. Delhi ranks 15th among the States and UTs in the country. The district wise forest cover of Delhi is given below.
(Source: State of Forest Report: 2001 (Forest Survey of India, Dehradun ) Note: In addition there is a tree cover of 40 Sq. Km., which includes areas of less than 1 ha. The Govt. of NCT Delhi is committed to make Delhi greener and protect its forest resources. The Greening Action Plan is an attempt to bring together all Greening Agencies and People in this endeavour. The greening of Delhi is possible only with the support of people particularly Residents Welfare Associations (RWAs), Educational Institutions, students, NGOs, Industries, farmers, market traders associations etc.
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Forests are life support system of nature that sustains all life form on the earth, which was realised by our ancestors. In ancient time emperors like Ashoka, Shershah Suri have planted trees that offered shade along the roads and community places such as wells, ponds, temples, and sarais. Sher Shah Suri set a fine example by planting trees along the Grand Trunk Road, stretching from the Indus to Sonargaon. The Mughals laid down a number of their beautiful gardens in Delhi, six of which still exist. The Jahanara Garden or Queens Garden around Town Hall, Qudsia Bagh near the Interstate Bus Terminus(ISBT), Roshanara Gardens near Shakti Nagar, Shalimar Bagh and Beriwala Bagh near Azad Market. British Govt. also made extensive efforts to develop green areas in Delhi. Trees have special place in our lives since ancient times. Pipal and Banyan trees have been the objects of worship amongst the Hindus. Sita Ashok so named, after Sita favoured it amongst all others to sit beneath, and whose crimson red blossoms, burning bright embers, she implored for, to put an end to her agony in Panchavati. Lord Shiva has his own favourite Bel tree, without the leaves and fruit of which no Shiva prayer is complete. Or can we forget the Kadam, with its yellow laddu like fragrant blossoms providing shade by the banks of the Yamuna for the trysts of Lord Krishna.
Present Scenario:
Shri. K.M. Munshi, said, Trees have a rightful place in the economy of every country. Our forests are inexhaustible reserves for providing subsistence to our growing millions; for trees mean water, water means bread and bread means life. Due to mounting pressure on forest resources in view of developmental needs, our country has much less of its forest area than is required to maintain ecological & environmental stability and security. As per the National Forest Policy, 1988, one third of the countrys total geographical area is required to be under Forest Cover. Now the focus has been shifted from commercial exploitation of forest wealth to their conservation. Conservation of Forests has assumed greater significance in view of dependence of vast rural population. The per capita availability of Forests in the country is 0.065 ha which is much below than the global average. Our country has recorded forest area of 23.38%, however as per assessment given in the State of Forest Report, 2001, the Forest & Tree Cover is 20.55%.
2 GREENING DELHI ACTION PLAN 2005-2006 Govt. of NCT of Delhi
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Chapter-II
FOREST COVER
Delhi has 111 sq. km of forest cover and 40 sq. km. of tree cover against the geographical area of 1483 sq. km, representing only 10.2% of total land area of the city. Government of NCT of Delhi is committed for increasing the Green Cover, as a result, there has been significant increase in Forest cover in Delhi in the last few years. However, much needs to be done to increase it further. The forest and tre cover of Delhi since 1993 is given in table-3 Table-3: Forest & Tree Cover of Delhi Assessment Year Forest & Percentage of Tree Cover Geographical Area 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 22 26 26 88 151 1.48 1.75 1.75 5.93 10.2
Towards achieving the aim of bringing 33% of the geographical area under Forest cover as envisaged in the National Forest Policy, 1988 sustained and extensive efforts are required on the part of Greening agencies. First Greening Action Plan in the year 1997 - 98, brought different greening agencies together for a coordinated approach on afforestation. The Greening Action Plan 2005-06 attempts to accelerate further the momentum of afforestation in Delhi. It calls for united and sustained efforts from the Government agencies as well as public. Achievement of plantation by all greening agencies during last 5 years is given in the following table-4. Table-4: Achievement of plantation during last 5 years.
2004-05
12.54
13.53
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16. 17.
Shurbs
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Gandhraj Kashipatta
Parking space:
Sl.No. Botanical Name 1. 2. 3. 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Putranjiva roxburghii Lagerstroemia indica Syzygium spp. Cassia fistula Pongamia glabra Ficus infectoria Mimusops elengii Delonix regia Samania saman Local Name Putranjiva Pride of India Jamun Amaltas Papari Pilkhan Maulsari Gulmohar
Shurbs
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Chaper-III
DELHI RIDGE :
Delhi Ridge provides natural treasure for millions of people of Delhi and has a rich diversity of plant species. It serves as a sink for many pollutants, air purifier and supplier of oxygen. Delhi Ridge, therefore, needs to be conserved and developed by developing it into multistoried forest vegetation. It has over 120 species of plants. According to the Zoological Survey of India, Delhi has 32 species of mammals, 25 species of reptiles, 434 species of birds. There are 1787 species, 585 species of vertebrate and 1202 species of invertebrates. In Delhi. Natural regeneration cum enrichment planting of Ridge is being taken up to conserve and protect the biodiversity of the Aravalli region by way of afforestation of Ridge through innovative soil and moisture conservation measures.
Salient features:
Delhi Ridge is an Extension of AravallisThe Oldest Mountain Chain In the Country. Extends into Delhi from Haryana at Tughlakabad Bhatti mines- Dera Mandi axis moving north, covering parts of Delhi Cantt., Lutyens Zone and culminating at Delhi University. Ridge provides a natural boundary between sands of Rajasthan and Delhi city. Ridge Management Board was constituted under the chairmanship of Chief Secretary, Delhi for supervision on protection and management of Ridge. Table: Parts of Dellhi Ridge
Name of the Ridge Northern Ridge Central Ridge South Central Ridge Nanakpura South Central Southen Ridge Total Area in ha. 87 864 626 7 6200 7784
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Zonal Green area Kalyan Puri,Trilokpuri,Khichripur, Ghazipur etc. D.D.A Sadhula Kalan, Namri, Gulabi Bagh & Darbar Khan Nursery D.D.A and Other areas. Area Between Hill Road & Ludocastle Road Wazirpur Near Bharat Nagar and Nemri Colony Mayapuri Green Land Hastsal afforestation Inderpuri Narayana M.P.Green area Najafgarh Drain (Tagore Garden) Nangloi sayed Distt. Park Rohatak Road. M.P Green G-8 M.P area Najafgarh Drain Distt. Park Pitam Pura-CGH Society D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A D.D.A
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Chapter-IV :
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2. Reclamation of Bhatti area of Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary through Eco Task Force (ETF) :
The Department is implementing the Project of rehabilitation of 2100 acres of Bhatti Mines area since Oct. 2000, which is a part of Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary. Project period is of 5 years at the cost of Rs. 823 lacs. Upto 31.03.2005, 4.29 lacs saplings planted covering an area of 1700 acres. Details of the area/achievements are as follows:Year Area (acres) Plantation raised 300 600 400 400 1700 58,800 92,600 1,50,000 1,28,000 4,29,400
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Chapter-V
Govt. Initiatives:
The Delhi Govt. has laid great emphasis on protection of trees and large scale afforestation. Plantation have been raised wherever land is found available such as city forests, along the drains, Yamuna banks, Gaon Sabha lands etc. However, peoples active participation in afforestation programmes is essential for rapid and successful greening of Delhi.
OBJECTIVES:
The main objectives of generating public awareness are: 1. 2. Motivating people to plant trees. Inculcating sense of responsibility towards trees in particular and nature in general. Increasing awareness among the citizens of Delhi about the protection of trees. Motivating students to actively participate in combating pollution at a local level and hence, be part of States resolve to improve the environment of Delhi.
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4.
AWARENESS PROGRAMMES:
Programme for creating public awareness through audio visual, print and electronic media as well as by organising plantation activities on various occasions. (i) Radio : A short message on FM radio is proposed. (ii) Newspapers : Advertisement through English and Hindi newspapers will be published. (iii) Posters, Kiosks and panels on buses and bus shelters: Messages both in Hindi and English will be placed at suitable places as well as slides in cinema theatres.
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(iv) Non Governmental Organizations and Voluntary Bodies : NGOs like Kalpvriksha, Srishti, BNHS, ATREE, Development Alternative, educational groups, Rotary Clubs, Lions Club, etc. will be involved in motivating people, students and RWAs. (v) Role of Residents Welfare Associations : The various Residents Welfare Associations, particularly those who are associated with the Bhagidari Programme will be involved as a co-ordinating unit in the plantation programme. Their work will include Informing the Residents about the programme. Gathering volunteers for planting. Identifying places for planting. Assessing seedling requirement. Selection of species. Planning labour input for digging the pits. Co-ordinating with the NGO and Govt Agencies and chalking out programme of plantation in their respective colonies so that planting can be arranged by greening agencies in association with Resident Welfare Associations. vi) Role of Corporate Sector : The corporate Sector can play important role in the programme by sponsoring and arranging logistics and other requirements. This can include sponsorship of advertisements for awareness, provide vehicles for transportation of seedlings and provide tree guards for the plants. Besides, various Corporate bodies can adopt schools for planting and other environmental improvement programmes.
- Before preparing project, environmental and forest aspect should be properly studied. - Provisions of transplantation of trees should be kept in the project estimates and adequate funds be kept for this purpose. - Process of removal/ transplantation of trees should be initiated by applying to Tree Officer well in advance before actual start of work. - Proper transplantation site should be selected before removal of tree and kept in readiness. - The trees species should be suitable for plantation. - Transplanting should be done in rainy season. The roots of tree should be carefully lifted without causing damage. The pit should be ready before the tree is transported for transplantation.
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(b) Replacement of old/ over-mature Trees The old, dried, dead and over -matured trees should be replaced as early as possible. Proper replacement plan should be made after thorough assessment. The steps for replacement of old trees are given as follows 1) 2) Identification of trees, which are likely to be replaced in the next ten years. Replacement planting under these identified trees should be scheduled in such a manner that at the time of removal of old tree new crop of trees is at least 10 years old or crown of tree is developed enough to provide shade and mature enough to withstand various climatic and biotic pressure. Emphasis should be given to species like Neem, Pipal, Jamun, Pilkhan, etc. at the time of replacement planting or in accordance with landscape planning. Replacement planting should be done with the same species to be replaced so as to maintain symmetry. Along the roadside where miscellaneous avenue plantations was done in the past, replacement should be done with indigenous species for ensuring better survival. While doing replacement planting of tall saplings of 6 feet and above should be used so as to reduce establishment period and maintenance cost. At the time of replacement planting it should be ensured that sapling of same age group and same height are planted for maintaining symmetry. Sufficient protection measures should be taken to avoid casualties, which normally results into gaps and gives uneven look to the avenue.
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(c) Removal of Tiling/ black topping and embedded tree guards around trees Concretizing, tiling and black topping close to the tree stem checks percolation of ground water and proper aeration of roots and suffocates the trees, adversely affecting their growth and at times results into the dying of the tree. Tiling/ concreting should be removed and a space of 6 feet x 6 feet around the tree should be maintained. Old and embedded tree guard should be removed (d) Enrichment of vegetation in existing forest areas The existing vegetation in case of open forest or parks and Gardens where density of trees is low, can be improved by enrichment planting and aided natural regeneration. Mixed indigenous species should be planted as far as possible in such areas.
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Chapter-VI
( Saplings in lakhs)
Targets 2005-06 3.50 1.80 1.75 1.30 0.70 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.06 0.05 11.16 4.50 15.66
Achievements upto 31.03.2005 3.01 1.58 1.64 1.28 0.47 0.20 0.32 0.10 0.24 0.18 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.01 9.25 4.28 13.53
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GREENING DELHI: ACTION PLAN OF GREENING AGENCIES 2005-06 K The Forest Department:
The Forest Department will take up plantation of 3.50 lakhs sapling in its available areas roadsides, railway lines, Gaon Sabha lands, city forests, Ridge, Asola Bhati wildlife sanctuary, protected forests and Garhi Mandu. The department is augmenting natural regeneration in the Southern Ridge, especially in sanctuary through enrichment planting of mainly indigenous species of the area combined with soil and moisture conservation measures.During 2005-2006, the Department will distribute 4.50 lakh saplings free of cost. The sites for plantation by Forest Department are given in Annexure-I. Highlights of Departments activities will be as below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Plantation at Yamuna Bank at Garhi Mandu Development of City Forests Plantation at Gaon Sabha lands at Shikarpur, Ghummenhera, Deorala, Mitraon, Mukhmelpur etc Compensatory Plantation on behalf of DMRC at Isapur, Rewla Khanpur. Plantation in Southern & Central Ridge. Improvement of habitat of Asola- Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary Linkages with other Govt. agencies, RWAs, NGOs, Eco Clubs
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K CPWD
CPWD will plant 0.20 lakh tree saplings during 2005 06. The details of sites where planting will be undertaken is given at Annexure- IX.
ii)
iii) Delhi Cantonment Board: Target 0.10 lakhs (Annexure-XII) iv) Health Department, Govt. of NCT Delhi: Target0.05 lakhs (Annexure-XIII) v) Airport Authority of India: Target0.20 lakh (Annexure-XIV) Delhi Transport Corporation Target0.06 lakh (Annexure-XV)
v)
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