Assignment 3 Construction Report

Design of water retaining structure Bob Falconer

By Patrick Campbell Celso De Fretias

Introduction:
In the construction industry water retaining structures are all around us from basements to reservoirs. These results in a lot structures that has to fur fill their intended purpose as well as being a water retaining structure, these building have no cost spared when it comes to retaining water. However with structures that only purpose is to retain water they are intended to do this with as minimal cost as possible. This can make designing the structure quite complicated, depending a lot of different factors. Probably should rewrite and add.

Give full consideration to a technical problem

When designing a water retaining structures there are many technical problems that need to considered depending on a whole arrange of thing. The first main problem that would be faced with a water retaining structures is as you have probably guess retaining the water. This isnt as simple as creating a enclosed or surround structure as most building material is porous, so although it will take time water will still be able to escape. Also if reinforced concrete is used then there is risk that the reinforcement will rust. Also the structure should be crack-free, but building a structure in such large pieces is completely impractical. Other technical problems that occur for a water retaining structure are things like water pressure which will increase in relation to depth, so its important to have a limit on the amount of water in case of floods or other unforeseen circumstances that could increase the amount of pressure from the water. The weather can also be a problem depending on location as this could cause the water to freeze and expand past any boundary, this is particularly important in enclosed structures e.g water tanks, as the expanding water would damage the structure. Another issue with water retaining structures is that the water could react with the building material which could results in adverse reactions like the water getting contaminated or becoming un-fit for its intended purpose. This is more of a problem in other liquid retaining structures where the liquid is more acidic or alkaline.

Identify viable solutions to technical issues There are two different ways to approach these problems one way is to design the structure to be crack-free between the different panels, the other way to deal with these problems is to treat the panels after the structure has been built. Normally water retaining structures will use combinations of both to get the best results. When designing the structure type of material should be decided. The most common material to use for these structures is reinforced concrete. So when designing the structure it is important to use a concrete mix design with low drying shrinkage and low absorption. Another important factor is the joint between the panels the different types are construction joints (which are rarely used), movement joints, contraction joints and expansion joints. Movement joints Contraction joints Expansion joints

Appreciate sustainability and environmental issues

Pooution in the ground maintenance, design apperience your mum Enviromental http://www.royalhaskoning.co.uk/engb/fields/Water%20and%20Environment/Water%20structures/Pages/water-retaining-structures.aspx http://www.royalhaskoning.co.uk/engb/fields/Water%20and%20Environment/Environmental%20assessment%20and%20management/Pa ges/Environmental%20assessment%20and%20management.aspx

Technical Solutions http://www.safeguardeurope.com/applications/water_retaining_structures.php

Material Suppliers http://peri.de/ww/en/projects.cfm/fuseaction/showcategory/referencecategory_ID/22.cfm

http://www.hydroquebec.com/learning/hydroelectricite/ouvrages-retenue.html

http://www.hacengineers.co.uk/sectors-water-treatment.asp

http://www.cintec.com/cintec/case-studies/water-retaining-structures.php

Shotcrete Solution http://www.shotcrete.co.uk/shotcrete_water-retaining-structure.htm

google book http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Pf_jjS7k9msC&pg=PA47&dq=water+retaining+structure&hl=en &sa=X&ei=yJMnT7qcI8q80QXgoNHiBA&ved=0CEsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=water%20retainin g%20structure&f=false

http://www.scribd.com/doc/34329564/Design-of-Liquid-Retaining-Concrete-Structures-R-D-Anchor

Appreciate health and safety considerations

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=-xivcY38fNE#t=40s