Optical Communication and Networks PART - A UNIT - 1 INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL NETWORKS: Telecommunication networks, First generation optical networks,

Multiplexing techniques, Second-generation optical networks, System and network evolution. Non-linear effects SPM, CPM, four wave mixing, Solutions. Unit - 2 COMPONENTS: Couplers., isolators and Circulators, Multiplexes and filters Optical amplifiers. UNIT - 3 Transmitters, detectors, Switches, Wavelength converters. UNIT - 4 TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ENGINEERING: System model, Power penalty, Transmitter, receiver, optical amplifiers, Crosstalk, Dispersion, Overall design Consideration. PART - B UNIT 5 First generation networks SONET/SDH, Computer interconnects, Mans, Layered architecture for SONET and second generation networks. UNIT - 6 WAVELENGTH ROUTING NETWORKS: Optical layer, Node design, Network design and operation, routing and wavelength assignment architectural variations. UNIT - 7 VIRTUAL TOPOLOGY DESIGN: Virtual topology design problem, Combines SONET/WDM network design, an ILP formulation, Regular virtual topologies, Control and management, Network management configuration management, Performance management, fault management.

UNIT - 8 ACCESS NETWORKS: Network architecture overview, present and future access networks, HFC, FTTC, Optical access networks Deployment considerations, Photonic packet switching, OTDM, Multiplexing and demultiplexing, Synchronisation. TEXT BOOK: 1. Optical networks: A practical perspective Kumar Sivarajan and Rajiv Ramaswamy: Morgan Kauffman 1998. REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Optical communication networks Biswajit Mukherjee TMG 1998. 2. Optical networks Ulysees Black, Pearson education 2007.

Embedded systems PART - A

UNIT - 1 INTRODUCTION: Overview of embedded systems, embedded system design challenges, common design metrics and optimizing them. Survey of different embedded system design technologies, trade-offs. Custom Single-Purpose Processors, Design of custom single purpose processors. UNIT - 2 SINGLE-PURPOSE PROCESSORS: Hardware, Combinational Logic, Sequential Logic, RT level Combinational and Sequential Components, Optimizing single-purpose processors. Single-Purpose Processors: Software, Basic Architecture, Operation, Programmers View, Development Environment, ASIPS. UNIT - 3 Standard Single-Purpose Peripherals, Timers, Counters, UART, PWM, LCD Controllers, Keypad controllers, Stepper Motor Controller, A to D Converters, Examples. UNIT - 4 MEMORY: Introduction, Common memory Types, Compulsory memory, Memory Hierarchy and Cache, Advanced RAM. Interfacing, Communication Basics, Microprocessor Interfacing, Arbitration, Advanced Communication Principles, Protocolos Serial, Parallel and Wireless.

PART - B

UNIT - 5 INTERRUPTS : Basics - Shared Data Problem - Interrupt latency. Survey Of Software Architecture, Round Robin, Round Robin with Interrupts - Function Queues - scheduling - RTOS architecture. UNIT - 6 INTRODUCTION TO RTOS : Tasks - states - Data - Semaphores and shared data. More operating systems services - Massage Queues - Mail Boxes -Timers Events Memory Management. UNIT 7 & 8 Basic Design Using RTOS, Principles- An example, Encapsulating semaphores and Queues. Hard real-time scheduling considerations Saving Memory space and power. Hardware software co-design aspects in embedded systems.
TEXT BOOKS:

1. Embedded System Design A unified hardware/software introduction Frank Vahid,Tony Givargis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.2002 2. An Embedded software Primer David E. Simon, Pearson Education, 1999.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Embedded Systems: Architecture and Programming Raj Kamal, TMH. 2. Embedded Systems Architecture Tammy Noergaard 3. Comprehensive Guide for Engineer and Programmers Elsevier Publication, 2005 4. Embedded C programming Barnett, Cox & Ocull , Thomson (2005).

Network Security
PART - A UNIT - 1

Services, mechanisms and attacks, The OSI security architecture, A model for network security.
UNIT - 2

Symmetric Cipher Model, Substitution Techniques, Transposition Techniques, Simplified DES, Data encryption standard (DES), The strength of DES, Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis, Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of Operation, Evaluation Criteria for Advanced Encryption Standard, The AES Cipher.
SYMMETRIC CIPHERS: UNIT - 3

Principles of Public-Key Cryptasystems, The RSA algorithm, Key Management, Diffie Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic Curve Arithmetic, Authentication functions,Hash Functions.
UNIT - 4

Digital signatures, Authentication Protocols, Digital Signature Standard.

PART - B UNIT - 5

Web Security Consideration, Security socket layer (SSL) and Transport layer security, Secure Electronic Transaction.
UNIT - 6

Intruders, Intrusion Detection, Password Management.

UNIT - 7

Malicious software: Viruses and Related Threats, Virus Countermeasures.

UNIT - 8

Firewalls Design Principles, Trusted Systems.

TEXT BOOK:

1. Cryptography and Network Security William Stalling, Pearson Education, 2003

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Cryptography and Network Security Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 2007 2. Cryptography and network security Atul Kahate, , TMH, 2003

MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS PART - A UNIT - 1 MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS: Introduction, multimedia information representation, multimedia networks, multimedia applications, media types, communication modes, network types, multipoint conferencing, network QoS application QoS. UNIT - 2 MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION REPRESENTATION: Introduction, digital principles, text, images, audio, video. UNIT - 3 TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION: introduction, compression principles, text compression, image compression. UNIT - 4 AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION: introduction, audio compression, DPCM, ADPCM, APC, LPC, video compression, video compression principles, H.261, H.263, MPEG, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4. PART B

UNIT - 5 MULTIMEDIA INFORMATION NETWORKS: Introduction, LANs, Ethernet, Token ring, Bridges, FDDI High-speed LANs, LAN protocol. UNIT - 6 THE INTERNET: Introduction, IP Datagrams, Fragmentation, IP Address, ARP and RARP, QoS Support, IPv8. UNIT - 7

BROADBAND ATM NETWORKS: Introduction, Cell format, Switfh and Protocol Architecture ATM LANs. UNIT - 8 TRANSPORT RTCP. PROTOCOL: Introduction, TCP/IP, TCP, UDP, RTP and

TEXT BOOK: 1. Multimedia Communications: Applications, Networks, Protocols, and Standards Fred Halsall, , Pearson Education, Asia, Second Indian reprint 2002. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Multimedia Information Networking , Nalin K. Sharda, PHI, 2003. 2. Multimedia Fundamentals: Vol 1-Media Coding and Content Processing Ralf Steinmetz, Klara Narstedt, Pearson Education, 2004. 3. Multimedia Systems Design Prabhat K. Andleigh, Kiran Thakrar, PHI, 2004.