Terms

Definitions

Origin of Adductor Brevis

Anterior Surface of Inferior Pubic Ramus Inferior to Origin of Adductor Longus

Insertion of Adductor Brevis

Pectineal Line and Superior part of medial lip of linea aspera

Action of Adductor Brevis

Adducts and Flexes thigh, helps laterally rotate thigh

Innervation of Adductor Brevis

Anterior or Posterior division of Obturator Nerve (L4, L2, L3)

Blood Supply of Adductor Brevis

Obturator Artery and Medial Circumflex Femoral Artery

Origin of Adductor Longus

Middle surface of body of pubis just lateral to pubic symphysis

Insertion of Adductor Longus Middle third of linea aspera between more medial Adductor Magnus and Brevis insertions and the more lateral origin of the Vastus Medialis

Action of Adductor Longus

Adducts and Flexes thigh helps to laterally rotate the hip joint

Innervation of Adductor Longus

Anterior Division of Obturator Nerve L2,3,4

Blood Supply of Adductor Longus

Obturator Artery and Medial Circumflex Femoral Artery

Origin of Adductor Magnus

Inferior pubic ramus Ischial ramus and inferolateral area of Ischial Tuberosity

Insertion of Adductor Magnus

Gluteal tuberosity of Femur medial lip of Linea aspera, Medial supracondylar ridge, Adductor Tubercle

Action of Adductor Magnus Powerful thigh adductor, Superior horizontal fibers also help flex thigh Vertical fibers help extend thigh

Innervation of Adductor Magnus

Posterior division of Obturator Nerve for most of Magnus Vertical (or Hamstring portion) by Tibial Nerve (L2,3,4)

Blood Supply of Adductor Magnus Medial Circumflex Femoral artery Inferior Gluteal Artery 1st-4th Perforating arteries Obturator artery Some superior muscular branches of popliteal artery

Origin of Sartorius

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Insertion of Sartorius

Superomedial Tibia near insertion of Gracilis and Semitendinosus muscles

Action of Sartorius

Hip: Flexion, Abduction, External Rotation Knee: Flexion

Innervation of Sartorius

Femoral Nerve (L2,3)

Origin of Rectus Femoris

One head from Anterior Superior Iliac Spine One head from Ilium superior to Acetabulum

Insertion of Rectus Femoris

Quadriceps Tendon onto Tibial Tuberosity

Action of Rectus Femoris

Knee Extension Assists Iliopsoas with Hip Flexion

Innervation of Rectus Femoris

Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)

Blood Supply of Rectus Femoris

Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery

Origin of Vastus Lateralis

Posterior Femur (Greater Trochanter inferior to Lateral Linea Aspera)

Insertion of Vastus Lateralis

Quadriceps Tendon onto Tibial Tuberosity

Action of Vastus Lateralis

Knee Extension

Innervation of Vastus Lateralis

Femoral (L2,3,4)

Origin of Vastus Intermedius

Anterolateral Femoral Shaft

Insertion of Vastus Intermedius

Quadriceps Tendon onto Tibial Tuberosity

Action of Vastus Intermedius

Knee Extension

Innervation of Vastus Intermedius

Femoral (L2,3,4)

Origin of Vastus Medialis

Interotrochanteric Line Medial Linea Aspera

Insertion of Vastus Medialis

Quadriceps Tendon onto Tibial Tuberosity

Action of Vastus Medialis

Knee Extension

Innervation of Vastus Medialis

Femoral (L2,3,4)

Origin of Semitendinosus

Ischial Tuberosity

Insertion of Semitendinosus

Superomedial Tibia

Action of Semitendinosus Knee Flexion Knee Internal Rotation Hip Extension

Innervation of Semitendinosus

Sciatic Nerve: Tibial Division L5,S1,S2

Origin of Semimembranosus

Ischial Tuberosity

Insertion of Semimembranosus

Posteromedial aspect of medial tibial condyle

Action of Semimembranosus

Knee Flexion and Internal Rotation Hip Extension

Innervation of Semimembranosus

Sciatic Nerve Tibial Division L5,S1,S2

Origin of Gracilis

Body and Inferior Ramus of Pubis

Insertion of Gracilis

Medial surface of Tibial Shaft just posterior to Sartorius

Action of Gracilis

Knee Flexion Thigh Adduction Medially rotate Tibia on Femur

Innervation of Gracilis

Anterior Division of Obturator Nerve L2,L3

Blood Supply of Gracilis Perforating Branches of Profunda Femoris artery Inferior Gluteal artery Superior muscular branches of Popliteal artery

Origin of Long Head of Biceps Femoris

Common Tendon with Semitendinosus from Superior Medial Quadrant of Posterior Portion of Ischial Tuberosity

Insertion of Long Head of Biceps Femoris Primarily on Fibular Head also on Lateral Collateral Ligament Lateral Tibial Condyle

Action of Long Head of Biceps Femoris Flexes Knee Rotates Tibia Laterally Extends Hip Joint

Innervation of Biceps Femoris Long Head

Tibial Nerve L5,S1,S2 Perforating Branches of Profunda Femoris a. Blood Supply of Biceps Inferior Gluteal a. Femoris Long Head Superior Muscular branches of Popliteal a.

Origin of Biceps Femoris Short Head Lateral lip of linea aspera Lateral Supracondylar Ridge of Femur Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh

Insertion of Biceps Femoris Short Head Fibular Head Lateral Collateral Ligament Lateral Tibial Condyle Action of Biceps Femoris Short Head

Knee Flexion

Rotates Tibia Laterally

Innervation of Biceps Femoris Short Head

Common Peroneal Nerve L5 S1,S2

Blood Supply of Biceps Femoris Short Head Perforating Branches of Profunda Femoris a. Inferior Gluteal a. Superior muscular branches of popliteal a.

Origin of Gluteus Maximus Posterior aspect of dorsal ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line Superior iliac crest Posterior inferior aspect of sacrum Coccyx Sacrotuberous ligament Insertion of Gluteus Maximus

Fascia lata at the iliotibial band

gluteal tuberosity on posterior femoral surface

Action of Gluteus Maximus Major extension of Hip Assists in laterally rotating Thigh Upper and middle third sections abduct thigh

Innervation of Gluteus Maximus

Inferior gluteal nerve L5,S1,S2

Blood supply of Gluteus Maximus

Inferior and Superior Gluteal Arteries First perforating branch of the Profunda Femoris a.

Origin of the Gluteus Medius Dorsal ilium inferior to Iliac Crest

Insertion of Gluteus Medius Lateral and Superior surfaces of Greater Trochanter

Action of Gluteus Medius Major Abductor of Thigh Anterior fibers help rotate hip medially Posterior fibers help rotate hip laterally

Innervation of Gluteus Medius Superior Gluteal Nerve L4,L5,S1

Blood Supply of Gluteus Medius Superior Gluteal Artery

Origin of Gluteus Minimus Dorsal Ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines Edge of Greater Sciatic Notch

Insertion of Gluteus Minimus Anterior surface of Greater Trochanter

Action of Gluteus Minimus Abducts Hip Mediallyl rotates Hip

Innervation of Gluteus Minimus Superior Gluteal Nerve L4,L5,S1

Blood Supply of Gluteus Minimus Superior Gluteal Artery Origin of Iliacus

Upper 2/3 of Iliac Fossa of Ilium Internal Lip of Iliac Crest Lateral aspect of Sacrum Ventral Sacroiliac Ligament

Lower portion of iliolumbar ligament

Insertion of Iliacus

Lesser Trochanter

Action of Iliacus

Flex torso and thigh with respect to eachother

Innervation of Iliacus

Muscular branch of Femoral Nerve L1,L2,L3

Blood Supply of Iliacus

Lumbar branch of iliopsoas branch of internal iliac artery

Origin of Inferior Gamellus

Posterior portion of ischial tuberosity Lateral obturator ring

Insertion of Inferior Gamellus

Medial surface of Greater Trochanter in Common with Obturator Internus

Action of Inferior Gamellus

Rotates thigh laterally Helps abduct the flexed thigh

Innervation of Inferior Gamellus

Branch of Sacral Plexus L5,S1

Blood Supply of Inferior Gamellus

Inferior Gluteal Artery

Origin of Superior Gamellus

Ischial spine

Insertion of Superior Gamellus

Medial surface of Greater Trochanter in common with Obturator Internus

Action of Superior Gamellus

Rotates Thigh laterally Helps abduct flexed thigh

Innervation of Superior Gamellus

Branch of Sacral Plexus L5,S1

Blood Supply of Superior Gamellus

Inferior Gluteal Artery

Origin of Obturator Externus

External surface of obturator membrane Anterior bony margins of obturator foramen

Insertion of Obturator Externus

Posteromedial surface of Greater Trochanter of Femur

Action of Obturator Externus

Rotates thigh laterally Helps adduct Thigh

Innervation of Obturator Externus

Posterior division: Obturator nerve Vertical/hamstring portion: Tibial Nerve L3,L4

Blood supply Obturator Externus

Obturator and Medial Circumflex arteries Origin of Obturator Inferior surface of obturator membrane Internus Posterior bony margins of obturator foramen Insertion of Obturator Medial surface of Greater Trochanter Internus In common with Superior and Inferior Gamelli Action of Obturator Rotates Thigh Laterally Internus Helps abduct flexed thigh Innervation of Obturator Branch of Sacral plexus L5,S1 Internus Blood Supply of Internal pudendal a. Obturator Internus Superior and Inferior gluteal arteries

Origin of Pectineus

Pecten Pubis Pectineal Surface of the Pubis

Insertion of Pectineus

Pectineal Line of Femur

Action of Pectineus

Adducts thigh Flexes Hip joint

Innervation of Pectineus

Femoral nerve sometimes Obturator nerve L2,L3,L4

Blood Supply of Pectineus

Medial Circumflex femoral branch of femoral a. Obturator artery

Origin of Piriformis

Anterior surface of lateral process of sacrum Gluteal surface of ilium at margin of greater sciatic notch

Insertion of Piriformis

Superior border of Greater Trochanter

Action of Piriformis

Lateral rotator of Hip Helps abduct Flexed hip Innervation of Piriformis Blood Supply of Piriformis Piriformis Nerve L5,S1,S2 Superior and Inferior gluteal arteries Internal pudendal artery

Origin of Psoas

Anterior surface and lateral borders of transverse processes L1L5 And Bodies and Discs T12-L5

Insertion of Psoas

Lesser Trochanter

Action of Psoas

Flex torso and thigh with respect to eachother Innervation of Psoas Direct fibers of L1-L3 of lumbar plexus Blood Supply of Psoas Lumbar branch of iliopsoas branch of iliac artery

Origin of Quadratus Femoris

Lateral margin of obturator ring above ischial tuberosity

Insertion of Quadratus Femoris

Quadrate tubercle and adjacent bone of intertrochanteric crest of proximal posterior femur

Action of Quadratus Femoris

Innervation of Quadratus Femoris

Rotates hip laterally Helps adduct hip Quadratus Femoris branch of nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gamellus L5,S1

Origin of Tensor Fascia Lata Anterior Superior Iliac Spine Outer lip of Anterior Iliac Crest Fascia Lata

Insertion of Tensor Fascia Lata

Iliotibial band

Action of Tensor Fascia Lata

Helps stabilize and stead Hip and Knee Joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia Innervation of Tensor Fascia Lata Superior gluteal nerve L4,L5, S1

Blood Supply of Tensor Fascia Lata

Superior Gluteal artery Lateral Circumflex Femoral artery

Origin of Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of Fibula Upper 2/3-3/4 of medial fibular shaft surface Fascia cruris Upper part of interosseus membrane Anterior intermuscular septum Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Longus

Splits into 4 tendon slips after Inferior Extensor Retinaculum each inserts on dorsum of middle and distal phalanges as part of extensor expansion complex

Action of Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extend toes 2-5 Dorsiflex ankle Innervation of Extensor Deep Peroneal nerve Digitorum Longus

Blood supply of Extensor Digitorum Longus

Anterior Tibial Artery

Origin of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Anterior surface of Fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane

Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Base and Dorsal Center of Distal Phalanx of Great Toe

Action of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extends great toe Dorsiflexes Ankle

Innervation of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Deep peroneal nerve

Blood Supply of Extensor Hallucis Longus

Anterior Tibial Artery

Origin of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Posterior surface of Tibia distal to Popliteal line

Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Longus Splits into 4 slips after passing through medial intermuscular septum of plantar surface of foot These slips then insert on plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanges 2-5

Action of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexes toes 2-5 Helps plantar flex ankle

Innervation of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Tibial Nerve S2,S3

Blood Supply of Flexor Digitorum Longus

Muscular Branch of Posterior Tibial artery

Origin of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of Tibia Lower part of interosseous membrane

Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Plantar surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe

Action of Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexes Great Toe Helps supinate ankle Very weak plantar flexor of ankle

Innervation of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Tibial Nerve S2,S3

Blood Supply of Flexor Hallucis Longus

Muscular branch of peroneal and posterior tibial artery

Origin of Gastrocnemius

Medial head from posterior nonarticular surface of medial femoral condyle Lateral head from lateral surface of Lateral Femoral Condyle

Insertion of Gastrocnemius The 2 heads unite in a broad aponeurosis which eventually unites with the deep tendon of the soleus to form the Achilles Tendon inserting on the Middle 1/3 of the Posterior Calcaneal Surface

Action of Gastrocnemius

Powerful plantar flexion of ankle

Innervation of Gastrocnemius

Tibial Nerve S1,S2

Blood Supply of Gastrocnemius

Each head supplied by a sural branch of the popliteal artery

Origin of Peroneus Brevis

Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibular surface Anterior and posterior intermuscular septa of leg

Insertion of Peroneus Brevis

Lateral surface of styloid process of 5th metatarsal base

Action of Peroneus Brevis

Everts foot Plantar flexes ankle

Innervation of Peroneus Brevis

Superficial peroneal nerve L5,S1,S2

Blood Supply of Peroneus Brevis

Muscular branches of peroneal artery

Origin of Peroneus Longus Head of Fibula Upper 1/2-2/3 of lateral fibular shaft surface Anterior and posterior intermuscular septa of leg

Insertion of Peroneus Longus

Plantar posterolateral aspect of medial cuneiform Lateral side of 1st metatarsal base

Action of Peroneus Longus Everts foot Plantar flexes ankle Helps support transverse arch of foot

Innervation of Peroneus Longus Superficial peroneal nerve L5,S1,S2 May receive innervation from common or deep peroneal nerves L5,S1,S2

Blood Supply of Peroneus Longus

Anterior tibial Peroneal arteries

Origin of Peroneus Tertius Arises with extensor digitorum longus from medial fibular shaft surface and anterior intermuscular septum (between extensor digitorum longus and tibialis anterior)

Insertion of Peroneus Tertius

Dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal

Action of Peroneus Tertius

Works with extensor digitorum longus to dorsiflex, evert, abduct foot

Innervation of Peroneus Tertius

Deep peroneal nerve L5,S1

Blood Supply of Peroneus Tertius

Anterior Tibial Artery

Origin of Plantaris

Inferior aspect of lateral supracondylar line of distal femur

Insertion of Plantaris

Middle 1/3 of posterior calcaneal surface just medial to Achilles Tendon

Action of Plantaris

Plantar flexion of ankle Also flexes knee

Innervation of Plantaris

Tibial Nerve L5,S1,S2

Blood Supply of Plantaris

Sural Arteries

Origin of Popliteus

Anterior part of popliteal groove on lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle

Insertion of Popliteus

Posterior surface of Tibia in a fan-like fashion just superior to popliteal line Action of Popliteus

Rotates Knee Medially Flexes leg on thigh

Innervation of Popliteus

Tibial Nerve L4,L5,S1

Blood Supply of Popliteus Medial inferior genicular branch of popliteal artery and Muscular branch of posterior tibial artery

Origin of Soleus Posterior aspect of fibular head Upper 1/4-1/3 of posterior surface of fibula Middle 1/3 of medial border of tibial shaft Posterior surface of a tendinous arch spanning the 2 sites of bone origin

Insertion of Soleus

Eventually unites with gastroc aponeurosis to form Achilles Tendon inserting on middle 1/3 of posterior calcaneal surface

Action of Soleus

Powerful plantar flexor of ankle

Innervation of Soleus

Tibial Nerve S1,S2

Blood Supply of Soleus

Posterior Tibial Peroneal Sural arteries

Origin of Tibialis Anterior Lateral condyle of Tibia Proximal 1/2-2/3 of Lateral Surface of Tibial Shaft Interosseous membrane and deep surface of fascia cruris

Insertion of Tibialis Anterior

Medial and Plantar surfaces of 1st cuneiform Base of 1st metatarsal

Action of Tibialis Anterior

Dorsiflexor of Ankle Inverts foot

Innervation of Tibialis Anterior

Deep peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1

Blood Supply of Tibialis Anterior

Anterior Tibial Artery

Origin of Tibialis Posterior Posterior aspect of interosseous membrane Superior 2/3 of medial posterior surface of fibula Superior aspect of posterior surface of Tibia Intermuscular septum between muscles of posterior compartment and deep transverse septum

Insertion of Tibialis Posterior Splits into 2 slips after passing inferior to plantar calcaneonavicluar ligament Superficial slip inserts on tuberosity of the navicular bone and sometimes medial cuneiform Deeper slip divides again into slips inserting on plantar surfaces of metatarsals 2-4 and 2nd cuneiform

Action of Tibialis Posterior Principle invertor of foot Adducts foot Plantarflexes ankle Helps supinate foot

Innervation of Tibialis Posterior

Tibial nerve L4,L5

Blood Supply of Tibialis Posterior

Muscular branches of sural, peroneal, and posterior tibial arteries

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Most missed words

1. Origin of Psoas Anterior surface and lateral borders of transverse processes L1-L5 And Bodies and Discs T12-L5 - 1 miss