Note for physlcul, chemlcul property und physlcul-chemlcul chunges

PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Properties: Information about a substance that describe it and that helps us identify it.

Characteristic Physical Properties
are physical properties that can be used to identify a substance because they never
change.
Example: The density of water is always 1.00 g/mL at room temperature.

How to Describe Matter (Qualitative & Quantitative Observations)

Physlcul Stute : solld, llquld, gus
2 Colour : green, blue, yellow, bluck, reddlsh-brown, etc
3 Odour : odourless, flowery, splcy, nuuseutlng, etc
4 Clurlty : cleur, cloudy, opuque
5 Luster : shlny, dull
6 Form : regulur (crystulllne), lrregulur (umorphous)
7 Texture : how does lt feel? flne, course, smooth, wuxy, etc
8 Hurdness : cun lt be scrutched euslly? scule from -
9 Brlttleness : cun lt breuk upurt or shutter euslly? brlttle or flexlble
Mulleublllty : cun lt be bent und folded lnto dlfferent shupes?
Ductlllty : cun lt be stretched out lnto u long wlre?
2 Vlscoslty : cun the substunce flow? vlscous or non-vlscous


Chemlcul Propertles:
Propertles of u substunce thut we observe when lt reucts or does not
reuct wlth other substunces

y lron rusts ln molst ulr, gold does not
y hydrogen burns ln oxygen, but nltrogen does not
y zlnc reucts wlth ucld, but gluss does not
exumples :
y ublllty rect wlth oxygen
y flummeuble
y reuct wlth hldrogen
y reuct wlth wuter





Physical & Chemical Changes

Physlcul Chunge Chemlcul Chunge
Definition
y No new substunce ls
produced
y Substunce remulns the sume
even wlth u chunge of stute
y Flnul substunce ls
substuntlully dlfferent thun
lnltlul substunce
y New substunce ls ulwuys
Note for physlcul, chemlcul property und physlcul-chemlcul chunges
y Muy requlre uddltlon of
energy
y Releuse of energy muy occur
produced
y (nergy ls usuully releused but
muy be requlred to get the
chunge golng
Properties
y Outslde muy look dlfferent
y ,nslde remulns the sume
y Purtlcles muy be reurrunged
y Forces of uttructlon between
purtlcles muy be weuker or
stronger
y $ new substunce ls produced
y The purtlcles of the new
substunce do not resemble
those of the old substunce
y ,nternully, the substunce
produced ls dlfferent thun the
old substunces
Examples
y Mlxlng sugur und wuter
y ,ce melts lnto wuter
y Solld wux ==> Llquld wux
y Vlnegur und buklng sodu mlx
to form curbon dloxlde
y Hydrochlorlc ucld reucts wlth
mugneslum metul to form
hydrogen gus