Gadagkar1 Shrenik Gadagkar Mr.

ODonnell 11/28/11 Partner: Jeff Stautberg

Enzyme Lab Report

Source: Handout Purpose: To learn about the properties of enzymes and to identify the enzyme out of possible choices. Hypothesis: I believe that the enzyme was a part of the liver and sodium hydroxide. Procedure: Perform the experiments as described in the Handout entitled Enzyme Lab. Data: After adding Hydrogen Peroxide to a tube, I noticed that there was no major fizz but it had a little bit of bubbles appeared. After adding the hydrogen peroxide and a pinch of sand to a tube, I noticed the color stayed clear but turned a bit cloudy after awhile. The sand sunk to the bottom and the bubbles were average. After pouring Hydrogen Peroxide and fresh liver into a tube, I noticed that the tube was warm, and was very fizzy. We were able to hear the bubbling. The bubbles rose to about of the tube. Bubbles seemed to stick to the liver. After placing Manganese Dioxide and Hydrogen Peroxide to a tube, I noticed that it fizzed to about of the tube. We heard the fizzing. The Manganese stuck to the side of the tube and the bubbles were larger than any other. After adding Hydrogen Peroxide and a small piece of potato to the tube, we noticed that it bubbled slowly and created a fizz above the potato. The potato slowly seemed to dissolve at first. Then it started to float. After adding a small piece of liver to a tube and also adding Hydrogen Peroxide, we noticed that there were large and small bubbles, warm, as the liver rises the tube fizzes a lot. We could hear the reaction and it fills up to about of the test tube. After separating the contents of the reaction tube from step 6, we had a tube with used liver and then again, after adding Hydrogen Peroxide we noticed that there was mostly the same results as the prior test except there were more bubbles and a bit more fizzing. After pouring the hydrogen peroxide, adding sand and adding liver, we crushed the liver and then noticed that the bubbles appeared faster. It was a bit faster than the regular liver as compared to the crushed liver. And the bubbles were a bit larger. In the second part of the test, the reaction was much faster than the prior test. Not as many bubbles but the crushed potato

Gadagkar2 had a faster reaction than the regular potato. We could hear a very faint noise as there was a reaction. After adding liver and sand to 3 tubes, we recorded the pH and that turned out to be between 5 and 6. The blue solutions ph was 10. This being the sodium hydroxide and we named it a base. Next, the distilled water had a ph of 7 or neutral. Finally, the red solution, or hydrochloric acid, had a ph of 1 and was very acidic. Next, the reaction of the blue solution, or sodium hydroxide was moderate with bubbling to a minimum. Next was the orange solution or distilled water. It was a fast reaction and had lots of bubbles. Finally, the hydrochloric acid had a moderate reaction but not a lot of bubbles. After adding Hydrogen Peroxide to the 4 tubes, we placed them into water bathes of different temperatures. Then we added liver to 5 different tubes and placed them into water bathes as well. After a designated time, we took out the tubes carefully and mixed the two tubes in each bath together. The boiling temperature reaction was not anything significant. But the liver after the reaction was prune like. The 2 degree reaction had large bubbles and fizzed half way up the tube. Next was the 33 degree reaction that had a lot of bubbles but no major change. Next was the 65 degrees and the reaction started instantly after touching the tube. Finally, the 80 degree reaction seemed to disintegrate the liver. Graph:

Rate Vs Temperature
5 4 3 2 1 0 1-2oC Analysis: 1. A Catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself enduring any chemical changes. 2. An enzyme is a protein that acts as a natural catalyst and brings about a specific biochemical reaction. 3. The results in test 7 tell me that the enzyme is in the liver and not in the hydrogen peroxide. After completing the test with the H2O2 and the liver, I was able to conclude that the enzyme was in the liver. 4. The enzymes are in the potato as well as the liver. 22oC 37oC 65oC 80oC 100oC

Gadagkar3 5. The substrates are hydrogen peroxide, manganese dioxide, and sodium hydroxide. 6. Manganese dioxide is a catalyst. Catalysts are enzymes and enzymes are natural proteins so that is why Manganese dioxide is a catalyst. 7. The most scientific explanation for my results from test 8 is that the crushed liver and potato have more surface area for the substrate to act upon. That is what speeds up the reaction. In this case, hydrogen peroxide is the substrate so that is what speeds up the reaction. 8. After boiling an enzyme, the enzyme becomes unusable. The enzyme, when heated, starts to denature, which changes the structure of the enzyme. This changes what the enzyme can actually do. 9. The bubbles are made of oxygen. 10.Mr. ODonnell took a smoldering stick and popped the bubbles with it. The bubbles then popped, making the stick glow brighter. The bubbles are filled with oxygen because they support the combustion and help the stick burn. 11.The liquid remaining in the bottom of the liver/ Hydrogen Peroxide tube at the end of the reaction is water. 12.The chemical equation for the reaction is 2H2O2 O2 + 2H2O. 13.The real name for the enzyme being tested is called Catalase. Conclusion My hypothesis was not completely correct. I was under the impression that the enzyme was going to be in the liver and sodium hydroxide but I was mistaken. The enzyme was actually a part of the liver and the potato. I realized that the sodium hydroxide was not natural so it did not qualify as an enzyme. If I had to do this experiment again, I would pay more attention to the reaction, rather than the bubbles occurring and most likely pay more attention to the cleanliness of the tube before using it.