2010 KPTrumble

MSE 230

HW5 Solutions 02/12

Spring 2010

1. For a given material, component and crack geometry Y and KIC are constants:
f = f ,1 f ,2
K IC ; note, internal crack length is 2a, but the 2 divides through in a ratio. Y a = a2 ; a1

f ,2 = f ,1

a1 8.6 mm = 112 MPa = 134MPa a2 6.0 mm

2. (a) Solving for crack length with f = 910 MPa/2 = 455 MPa and KIC = 55 MPam:
2 2 K IC 1 K IC 1 55 MPa m = f = ; a = = 0.0021 m = 2.1 mm 2a = 4.2 mm f Y 455 MPa 1.5 Y a

3. (a) Solving for f, yields the following values for the two alloy conditions (tempers),
f (260 o C temper) =
K IC 50.0 MPa m = = 1260 MPa Y a 1.0 0.0005 m K IC 87.4 MPa m = = 2205 MPa Y a 1.0 0.0005 m

f (425o C temper) =

In the 260C temper condition, the component would fracture at 1260 MPa before yielding (1640 MPa), whereas in the 425C temper condition the component would yield at 1420 MPa before fracturing (2205 MPa). The 425C temper gives the higher failure stress, 1420 MPa, which corresponds to failure by yielding. (b) KIC and Y are the same, only the crack size is decreased, so the fracture stresses would increase as,
f (a = 0.0003) =
0.0005 m f (a = 0.0005) = (1.29) 1260 MPa = 1630 MPa (for 260C) and 2850 MPa (for 425C) 0.0003 m

With the smaller flaw size, the 260C temper gives the higher limiting failure stress, 1630 MPa, which corresponds to failure by fracture just below the stress at which it would yield. Yes, the answer changed.

2010 KPTrumble
4. (a) See plot (right). (b) The fatigue (endurance) limit for this steel is 290 MPa. Below this stress amplitude, it has unlimited fatigue life or is not subject to fatigue. (c) The fatigue life at a stress amplitude of 415 MPa is ~5 x 104 cycles and at 275 MPa is unlimited. (d) The fatigue strength at 2 x 104 cycles is ~450 MPa and at 6 x 105 cycles is ~330 MPa. (e)+ At 1 cycle per second (= 1 Hz), 1 x 106 cycles would take 11.6 days; 1 x 107 cycles would take 116 days, and 1 x 108 cycles would take 1160 days (= 3.17 years).

5. From Fig. 8.30, the rupture life at 583C/50 MPa is 130,000 h (14.8 y), so the alloy meets the minimum rupture life specification. From Fig. 8.31, the minimum creep rate would be 5.5 x 10-6 h-1. We dont know what fraction of 1000 h would be in steady-state creep, but the upper bound would be the entire time, so the creep strain accumulated in steady-state regime would be less than 0.0055. We are given that the primary creep strain, creep strain prior to the onset of steady-state, is 0.001, for a total creep strain of no greater than 0.0065 in 1000 h, so the alloy also meets the maximum creep strain specification.