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Contents
1. Citation searching: Who has cited your published work? ...................................... 1 1.1 Scopus Document Search ................................................................................ 2 Example 1 ..................................................................................................... 2 Example 2 ..................................................................................................... 4 Example 3 ..................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Scopus Citation Overview ................................................................................ 7 Example 4 ..................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Find all the works in Scopus by one author - Author Identifier ....................... 8 Example 5 ..................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Web of Science Cited Reference Search ....................................................... 11 Example 1 ................................................................................................... 11 Example 2 ................................................................................................... 13 Example 3 ................................................................................................... 14 1.5 Analyse the articles in Web of Science by one author - Citation Report ...... 15 Example 4 ................................................................................................... 15 1.6 Google Scholar finding items that cite your work ........................................ 17 Example 1 ................................................................................................... 17
2.
Journal rankings and impact factors ...................................................................... 19 2.1 Journal Citation Reports ................................................................................... 19 Example 1 ................................................................................................... 19 Example 2 ................................................................................................... 20 2.2 SJR and SNIP ..................................................................................................... 23 2.3 Scopus Analyzer ................................................................................................ 23 Example 1 ................................................................................................... 24 2.4 SCImago Journal & Country Rank database ................................................... 25 2.5 ERA 2010 Journal Ranking ................................................................................ 26 2.6 Finding out about journals ................................................................................ 27
Web of Science - the original tool for this technique (starting back in the 1950s with the Science Citation index in hardcopy) and for many years unchallenged Scopus - can be easier to use than Web of Science Google Scholar - easy to use but coverage is hard to determine and does not have the analytical functions of the other two Several other databases on the Librarys databases list, as well as some scholarly journal publishers websites, also provide information about where an article has been cited. Generally this will be less comprehensive than the Big 3 but is still worth looking at. Typical wording to look out for in databases: - Times cited - Cited by - Citation tracker - Citation report
The result shows this article has been cited 7 times by other journal articles.
To exclude self-citations from the results list, use the Author Name list on the left of the screen: First click View more to see a longer list of authors of the citing articles Tick all appropriate variations on the author name Click Exclude
The results list will now comprise 4 journal articles, none of which is authored by Liz Smythe.
As with any citation results, each of the citing documents should be checked to ascertain the nature of the citation (is it favourable?) before quoting it in a PBRF portfolio.
Another step you may take from the initial results screen is to click the title to get to the article record.
The article record display gives you two options for investigating citations of the article:
The article has also been cited 14 times by web sources (university repositories, theses & dissertations). Note: this list often includes duplicate items.
Note: once you have found your journal article in Scopus, it is a good idea to set up an email alert or an RSS feed so you will be kept informed of any future citations to your article links for this are on the right of the journal article record:
For an email alert, you must first register with Scopus for a personal account. For an RSS feed, you must first subscribe to an RSS reader. For help, consult your Liaison Librarian or our online guide: http://aut.ac.nz.libguides.com/rss
Method-2 This method will enable you to find journal articles in Scopus that cite your work when it is a publication that is not itself in Scopus. This method works by searching through the reference lists of Scopus journal articles to find a citation of your work. It is not quite as straightforward as Method-1 but is the only option for tracking down citations of books, chapters, reports, conference papers, theses, etc. in Scopus. Example 2 - Find out if this book has been cited by any journal articles in Scopus: Moon, P. (2008). This horrid practice: The myth and reality of traditional Maori cannibalism. Auckland, New Zealand: Penguin Books. (i) Use Document Search (ii) Search for the publication of interest using a combination of keywords from the title and the authors family name (iii) Title words use a reasonably long or distinctive phrase from the document title and put double quotation marks around the phrase (iv) Click Add search field to add a second search box in which to enter authors family name; change drop-down box to search in Authors field
Ignore the Scopus tab and click on the More... tab to get this result:
Note: the grey text and the symbol indicate that this document (i.e. the book) is not in the Scopus database so we cannot obtain any further information about it in Scopus. One more step...now click the number in the Citations column to find details of the Scopus articles that cite this book:
For your PBRF portfolio, if your research output was published prior to the PBRF assessment period (2006-2011) but is still being cited within the PBRF assessment period, you can include this information in your Evidence Portfolio as an indication of Peer Esteem (PE). Example 3: Look for 2006-2011 citations of this book: Norris, S. (2004). Analyzing multimodal interaction: A methodological framework. London, England: Routledge. Search like this:
The results list shows 3 items, one of which is a citation that includes an incorrect date:
Initially there is no way to combine the citations in these three results; you need to click each number in turn to get the lists of citing articles. For each list in turn, you can use the Refine Results section on the left of the screen to exclude self-citations (as we did for Example 1, page 2). You can also use it to refine the date range to 2006-2011. Select all the remaining items in the list and click Add to My List (above the results). Finally, click My List at the top of the Scopus screen, to view all the citing articles. Notes about this method: 1. The results list may include variants of the publication if citing authors have made errors in the citation (e.g. if date or volume are incorrect). 2. Consider refining the results to exclude self-citations and/or to include a date limit so that citations are those published in the PBRF assessment period, 2006-2011. 3. This type of search does not appear in the Scopus search history in a useable way so cannot be combined with other parts of a search strategy. This also means that search alerts and RSS feeds are not feasible with this type of search.
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Result:
It has been cited 40 times by articles in the Scopus database. Select the article on the results list (use tick box on left) and click View citation overview to see how often this article has been cited each year from the publication date until the present. Change the date range to 2006 to 2011 and exclude self-citations of all authors:
1.3 Find all the works in Scopus by one author - Author Identifier
The Scopus Author Identifier assigns each author a unique number and groups together all works by an author despite variations in formatting of the name in different publications. It is especially useful for distinguishing between authors who share very common names like Smith or Wang or Lee. The authors institutional affiliation can be used to narrow down the search. A Citation Overview can be generated for the completed list of publications. Example 5: Look for articles by John Bitchener from AUT. Method: (i) Click Search then the Author Search tab; enter the last name and first initial (ii) Enter the affiliation to narrow the search (optional) as well as selecting a broad subject area (optional) (iii) Click Search
(iv) On the Author results display, tick all the name variations that you consider relevant.
Note: sometimes there are errors in the Scopus author results: e.g. there may be more than one entry for the same person and/or documents may be attributed to the wrong person. The whole point of the author identifier scheme is that all the works of one author are correctly assigned to one unique identifier, so if you find any discrepancies in the results for your own publications you should contact Scopus to request a correction. Use the Request to merge authors link or contact your Liaison Librarian or the Research & Postgraduate Coordinator for help.
(v) Having selected the relevant author name(s), click Show documents to retrieve the list of
all the authors articles or click View citation overview to see the citation data for the articles. You may wish to change the date range and exclude self-citations.
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Included on the Citation overview is the h-index: a measure of a researcher's impact on his/her discipline. The value of h is equal to the number of papers (N) in the list that have N or more citations. also known as the Hirsch index or Hirsch number (developed by J.E. Hirsch in 2005) The h-index for John Bitchener (based on these 12 articles) is 4 because there are 4 articles with 4 or more citations.
(vi) Use the browser back button to return to the Author results display. Click the authors
name to open the author details page. Things to note on this page - especially if you are the author: - Author ID number the unique number assigned by Scopus - Link to send a request to Scopus for author detail corrections - Links to set up email alerts/RSS feeds to inform you when this author publishes a new document or is cited by new documents in Scopus - Find potential author matches: check to see if there are other author names in Scopus that are really you. You can then generate and view merged publication lists and citation data for all author name variants. Remember to contact Scopus to get this merging done permanently.
From the result list you can usually spot the article of interest. Note that, due to errors in the citing authors reference lists, there may be one or more variants of the article of interest showing on this list. Tick all that seem relevant. In this case there are two relevant entries, with a total of 10 citing articles. Tick the boxes and click Finish Search.
The 10 articles that cite Keith and Peters article will then be displayed:
Click articlelinker or the Full Text button to access each article and check the nature of the citation (is it favourable?)
An alternative to Cited Reference Search is to use the normal Search option and look for the journal article of interest, e.g. using keywords or a phrase from the article title. If the article is included in Web of Science, the record will show Times Cited and a link to the citing articles. However, this method is less comprehensive than the above method as it does not allow for any citation variants. It also will not provide any information at all if the article has not been indexed by this database, e.g. if it is outside the journals/conferences covered.
Example 2 Look for articles that have cited this article: Koziol-McLain J., Giddings L., Rameka M., & Fyfe E. (2008). Intimate partner violence screening and brief intervention: Experiences of women in two New Zealand health care settings. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 53(6), 504-510. doi:10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.06.002 To search for the hyphenated family name, we should include two possibilities in the Cited Author box:
We get three results. Tick the box next to the relevant entry and click Finish Search to find the 6 articles that have cited this one.
Note: - the ellipsis preceding Janes name in the first and second entries on the results list indicates that these are articles on which Jane is not the first-named author. Click View Record to see the details of each of Janes articles.
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To exclude self-citations from the results list, open the Authors list on the left menu.
Tick any author(s) you wish to exclude and click the Exclude button. The results list will now comprise 5 journal articles, none of which is authored by Jane Koziol-Mclain.
It is possible to derive some citation data for a publication that is not itself in the Web of Science database as long as it has been cited by a journal article or conference paper that is included in Web of Science. To illustrate this try the following Cited Reference Search. Example 3 Look for citations of this book: Waring, M. (1999). Counting for nothing: What men value and what women are worth (2nd ed.). Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press. Search like this:
The results list is lengthy (and includes works by other authors named M Waring with additional initials) but in the middle of the list we can see 3 entries for the book of interest:
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There is no View Record link alongside these entries because Web of Science does not contain any information about the book other than the details of the 20 journal articles that cite it. Tick the 3 boxes and click Finish Search to generate a list of these 20 articles. Tips for finding your name and your publications in Web of Science: if you are a co-author and are not the first author listed on the work, it is best to search using the name of the first listed author as this will pick up all citation variants even if you publish using your full given name or more than one initial, it is usually advisable to truncate after the first initial as you may have been cited with just one initial e.g. giddings l* if your family name contains a hyphen or apostrophe, enter the name both ways, i.e. with or without the punctuation e.g. tourani-rad a* or touranirad a* if your family name is reasonably unusual and your publication list is not huge, it is easy to search for citations of all your works in one search, i.e. not limited to a specific publication year
1.5 Analyse the articles in Web of Science by one author - Citation Report
The Web of Science Author Finder should allow us to identify all the articles in the database by one author, regardless of the variations in the formatting of the authors name in different publications. However, there is currently a bug in this function and it cannot be relied upon. Technical Support at Thomson Reuters have advised the problem will be solved in the next database update. In the meantime, an alternative is to use the ordinary Search option and combine the authors name plus first initial, variations on the institution name and the appropriate publication date range. When a list of articles has been found, a Citation Report can be generated that illustrates the number of items published and their citation rates over a range of years. Example 4 Look for articles by Lynne Giddings from AUT Method: (i) Enter the family name and first initial followed by an asterisk (the truncation symbol, to allow for other initials and/or full given name); use the drop-down box to select Author. (ii) In the second search box enter these variations: aut or auckland univ technol (iii) Use the second drop-down box to select Address. (iv) Select the publication date range. (v) Click Search.
The Citation Report shows you the number of citations of each article in each year as well as totals and the h-index. If need be, you can use the checkboxes to delete any entries that are not by the author of interest and click Go to re-generate the report.
The citation data for earlier years can be viewed by clicking the orange arrow. The citing articles for each of Lynne Giddings articles can be displayed by clicking the blue totals.
Included on the Citation Report is the h-index: a measure of a researcher's impact on his/her discipline. The value of h is equal to the number of papers (N) in the list that have N or more citations. also known as the Hirsch index or Hirsch number (developed by J.E. Hirsch in 2005) The h-index for Lynne Giddings (based on these 6 articles) is 3 because there are 3 articles with 3 or more citations. Note: Web of Science provides a Citation Alert function so you can be kept informed of future citations of a specified article, via email. To use this feature, you first need to register for an account. Look for the Register link under Customise Your Experience on the right of the Web of Science Search screen. Once you have signed in to Web of Science, search for the relevant article and click the button.
Example 1 Find out if this article has been cited: Hope, W. (2006). Global capitalism and the critique of real time. Time & Society, 15(2-3), 275-302. doi:10.1177/0961463X06066943 Method (i) Search for the article by using a phrase from the title (enclosed in double quotation marks) and the authors family name. (ii) This example uses the basic search but also consider using Advanced Scholar Search.
The results include journal articles (use AUT articlelinker to access the fulltext), books, theses and other items from institutional repositories. The list may include duplicate entries and, as with any citation results, the citing documents should be checked to ascertain the nature of the citation (is it favourable?) before quoting it in your PBRF portfolio. In Google Scholar you can create an email alert so you will be kept informed when any new items cite your article. Click this link on the results list of citing articles:
There are 23 journals in this subject category, sorted initially by journal title. Re-sort them by Impact Factor:
What do all the numbers mean? JCR provides many different metrics. The most frequently used of these is the impact factor which is defined as follows: The journal Impact Factor is the average number of times articles from the journal published in the past two years have been cited in the JCR year. For Prehospital Emergency Care the impact factor for 2010 is calculated thus:
Cites in 2010 to items published in: 2009 = 115 Number of items published in: 2009 = 74 2008 = 157 2008 = 70 Sum: 272 Sum: 144 Calculation:Cites to recent items 272 = 1.889 Number of recent items 1448
Example 2 To return to the search options, click the Welcome button. Now search for a specific journal by title: journal of midwifery & womens health Tip: JCR is fussy! This title will not be found if you type and instead of the ampersand and you must omit the apostrophe in womens. If you know the ISSN (international standard serial number) you can search that instead.
The numbers on their own dont mean a lot so click the journal title to find out more:
This journal is in the Nursing subject category. Click View Journal Summary List to see the full list of journals in that category and to make a comparison of impact factors and other data (alternatively click Journal Ranking button). Sort the Journal Summary List by Impact Factor. By moving to page 2 of the Journal Summary List you can see that Journal of Midwifery & Womens Health ranks 36th on the list of 88 journals in this subject category in terms of impact factor:
Other links to explore on the Journal Information view: Related journals: a list of journals based on the strength of cited and citing relationships. Go to Ulrichs: link to publication information about this specific journal in the UlrichsWeb Global Serials Directory database. Go to CC Connect: view the table of contents of this journals latest issue in the Current Contents database.
Some definitions of the numbers in Journal Citation Reports Cited half-life The median age (years) of the articles that were cited in the JCR year. Half of a journal's cited articles were published more recently than the cited half-life. EigenfactorTM Article influenceTM score is a measure of the average influence of each of metrics its articles over the first five years after publication. Eigenfactor scoreTM is a measure of the journal's total importance to the scientific community. See also: www.eigenfactor.org/faq.htm Immediacy The average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. index The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. The aggregate Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a subject category are cited. Impact factor The average number of times articles from the journal published in the past two years have been cited in the JCR year. The Impact Factor is calculated by dividing the number of citations in the JCR year by the total number of articles published in the two previous years. An Impact Factor of 1.0 means that, on average, the articles published one or two year ago have been cited one time. An Impact Factor of 2.5 means that, on average, the articles published one or two years ago have been cited two and a half times. Citing articles may be from the same journal; most citing articles are from different journals International standard serial number - a unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic periodical publication.
ISSN
What can you do if the journal of interest is not included in Journal Citation Reports? Try the other tools/schemes that provide impact factors/journal rankings: Scopus Analyzer or SCImago to derive SJR and SNIP measures Eigenfactor ERA 2010 Ranked Journal List from Australian Research Council (note: for ERA 2012, the Journal List will not include rankings) Use a journal ranking list specific to your discipline if a reputable one exists
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Definitions (information provided by Scopus): SJR SCImago Journal Rank - a prestige metric based on the idea that all citations are not created equal. With SJR, the subject field, quality and reputation of the journal has a direct effect on the value of a citation. - is weighted by the prestige of the journal, thereby leveling the playing field among journals. - eliminates manipulation: raise the SJR ranking by being published in more reputable journals. - shares a journals prestige equally over the total number of citations in that journal. - normalizes for differences in citation behaviour between subject fields. SNIP Source Normalized Impact Paper - measures contextual citation impact by weighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field. The impact of a single citation is given higher value in subject areas where citations are less likely, and vice versa. - measures contextual citation impact by normalizing citation values. - takes a research fields citation frequency into account. - considers immediacy - how quickly a paper is likely to have an impact in a given field. - accounts for how well the field is covered by the underlying database. - calculates without use of a journals subject classification to avoid delimitation. - counters any potential for editorial manipulation. The SJR and SNIP metrics for an individual journal can be used in much the same way as an Impact Factor from the Journal Citations Report database. As with the impact factor, the SJR and SNIP should not be taken in isolation but should each be interpreted as a relative measure within a discipline.
Drag it from the results list on the left over to the analyzer pane on the right:
Note: the search will work if you use either and or the ampersand will work. Drag this one over to the analyzer pane so you can compare the SJR for these two journals:
You may add up to 10 journals to the analyzer pane. Click the tabs above the analyzer pane to view different measures for the group of journals being analysed.
Below the chart, on the list of journal titles, click Show Info to view information about an individual journal, including the SJR and SNIP for the latest year.
H Index The h index expresses the journal's number of articles (h) that have received at least h citations. It quantifies both journal scientific productivity and scientific impact and it is also applicable to scientists, countries, etc.
Try the Compare option and select up to 4 journals by title to generate comparison charts using a variety of parameters
Also try: Journal Search option to look for an individual journal Journal Rankings option and Country=New Zealand to see the New Zealand journals covered in this database
Find out more about the ERA list at: http://www.arc.gov.au/era/era_journal_list.htm This unofficial site provides easy access to the ERA list, by journal title or research field: http://lamp.infosys.deakin.edu.au/era/