ABAP Reports Free Interview Questions with Answers 1

Q: What are SAP reports? A: SAP Reports are event-driven programs using ABAP/4 programming language. These reports are used to fetch business-specific data from SAP standard databases under specified selection criteria, fetched data is processed to display result on output screen. User develop SAP report object on ABAP editor using the standard SAP transaction SE38. Q: What are ABAP report types? A: ABAP report types are of 7 types. ABAP report types are available in reports attributes screen. Executable program Function group (containing function modules) Include Interface pool Class pool Module pool Subroutine pool Q: How many lists can be displayed through an interactive report? A: Maximum 21 lists can be displayed (1 basic list+ 20 secondary lists). Q: what is the event that will be triggered first in an ABAP report? A: Initialization event is triggered first if user executes an ABAP report. But if the program is of type 1, M, F, or S; then LOAD-OF-PROGRAM is triggered first and then INITIALIZATION event. Q: What are the differences between simple and interactive ABAP reports? A: A simple ABAP report allows the user to interact with the whole business-result data. In case of interactive reports user can interact with specific result data at a time. Q: How do you read selected lines of database table into an internal table in packages of predefined size? A: SELECT * FROM <SPFLI>INTO TABLE <ITAB>PACKAGE SIZE<N>. Where n is variable. Q: How do you write a DATA object from ABAP/4 program to ABAP/4 memory and restore the same from memory to program. A: EXPORT <f1>[FROM <g1>]<f2>[FROM <g2>]. TO MEMORY ID <key>. The ID <key>, which can be up to 32 characters long, identifies the data in memory. Q: Name the function modules to write data from an Internal Table to the Presentation Server. A: DOWNLOAD and WS_DOWNLOAD. Q: How to determine the attributes of an internal table? A: DESCRIBE TABLE <itab>[LINES <lin>] [OCCURS <occ>]. Q: What is interactive reporting? A: It helps you to create easy-to-read lists. You can display an overview list first that contains general information and provide the user with the possibility of choosing detailed information that you display on further lists. Q: What are the uses of interactive reporting?

A: The user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session. Instead of an extensive and detailed list, you create a basic list with condensed information from which the user can switch to detailed displays by positioning the cursor and entering commands. The detailed information appears in secondary lists. Q; what are the event key words in interactive reporting? A: Event Keyword Event AT LINE-SELECTION Moment at which the user selects a line by double clicking on it or by positioning the cursor on it and pressing F2. AT USER-COMMAND Moment at which the user presses a function key. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING Moment during list processing of a LINE-SELECTION Secondary list at which a new page starts. Q: What is secondary list? A: It allows you to enhance the information presented in the basic list. The user can, for example, select a line of the basic list for which he wants to see more detailed information. You display these details on a secondary list. Secondary lists may either overlay the basic list completely or you can display them in an extra window on the screen. The secondary lists can themselves be interactive again. Q; How to select valid lines for secondary list? A: To prevent the user from selecting invalid lines, ABAP/4 offers several possibilities. At the end of the processing block END-OF-SELECTION, delete the contents of one or more fields you previously stored for valid lines using the HIDE statement. At the event AT LINESELECTION, check whether the work area is initial or whether the HIDE statement stored field contents there. After processing the secondary list, clear the work area again. This prevents the user from trying to create further secondary lists from the secondary list displayed. Q: Can we call reports and transactions from interactive reporting lists? A: Yes. It also allows you to call transactions or other reports from lists. These programs then use values displayed in the list as input values. The user can, for example, call a transaction from within a list of change the database table whose data is displayed in the list. Q: What are system fields for secondary lists? A: SY-LSIND Index of the list created during the current event (basic list = 0) SY-LISTI Index of the list level from which the event was triggered. SY-LILLI Absolute number of the line from which the event was triggered. SY-LISEL Contents of the line from which the event was triggered. SY-CUROW Position of the line in the window from which the event was triggered SY-CUCOL Position of the column in the window from which the event was triggered SY-CPAGE Page number of the first displayed page of the list from which the event was triggered. SY-STARO Number of the first line of the first page displayed of the list from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1). Possibly, a page header occupies this line. SY-STACO Number of the first column displayed in the list from which the event was triggered SY-UCOMM Function code that triggered the event. SY-PFKEY Status of the displayed list. Q: What are the page headers for secondary lists? A: On secondary lists, the system does not display a standard page header and it does not trigger

the event. TOP-OF-PAGE. To create page headers for secondary list, you must enhance TOPOF-PAGE: Syntax TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION. The system triggers this event for each secondary list. If you want to create different page headers for different list levels, you must program the processing block of this event accordingly, for example by using system fields such as SY-LSIND or SY-PFKEY in control statements (IF, CASE).

2
Q: What are the types of messages? A: A message can have five different types. These message types have the following effects during list processing: A (=Amend): E (=Error) or W (=Warning): I (=Information): S (=Success): Q: What are the drill-down features provided by ABAP/4 in interactive lists? A: ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list. Q: What is meant by stacked list? A: A stacked list is nothing but secondary list and is displayed on a full-size screen unless you have specified its coordinates using the window command. Q: Is the basic list deleted when the new list is created? A: No. It is not deleted and you can return back to it using one of the standard navigation functions like clicking on the back button or the cancel button. Q: What is meant by hotspots? A: A Hotspot is a list area where the mouse pointer appears as an upright hand symbol. When a user points to that area (and the hand cursor is active), a single click does the same thing as a double-click. Hotspots are supported from R/3 release 3.0c. Q: What is the length of function code at user-command? A: Each menu function, push button, or function key has an associated function code of length FOUR (for example, FREE), which is available in the system field SYUCOMM after the user action. Q: Can we create a GUI status in a program from the object browser? A: Yes. You can create a GUI STATUS in a program using SET PF-STATUS. Q: In which system field does the name of current gui status is there? A: The name of the current GUI STATUS is available in the system field SY-PFKEY. Q: Can we display a list in a pop-up screen other than full-size stacked list? A: Yes, we can display a list in a pop-up screen using the command WINDOW with the additions starting at X1 Y1 and ending at X2 Y2 to set the upper-left and the lower-right corners where x1 y1 and x2 y2 are the coordinates. Q: What is meant by hide area? A: The hide command temporarily stores the contents of the field at the current line in a systemcontrolled memory called the HIDE AREA. At an interactive event, the contents of the field are restored from the HIDE AREA.

Q: When they get cursor command used in interactive lists? A: If the hidden information is not sufficient to uniquely identify the selected line, the command GET CURSOR is used. The GET CURSOR command returns the name of the field at the cursor position in a field specified after the addition field, and the value of the selected field in a field specified after value. Q: How can you display frames (horizontal and vertical lines) in lists? A: You can display tabular lists with horizontal and vertical lines (FRAMES) using the ULINE command and the system field SY-VLINE. The corners arising at the intersection of horizontal and vertical lines are automatically drawn by the system. Q: What are the events used for page headers and footers? A: The events TOP-OF-PAGE and END-OF-PAGE are used for pager headers and footers. Q: How can you access the function code from menu painter? A: From within the program, you can use the SY-UCOMM system field to access the function code. You can define individual interfaces for your report and assign them in the report to any list level. If you do not specify self-defined interfaces in the report but use at least one of the three interactive event keywords. AT LINE-SELECTION, AT PF<nn>, OR AT USERCOMMAND in the program, the system automatically uses appropriate predefined standard interfaces. These standard interfaces provide the same functions as the standard list described under the standard list. Q: How the at-user command serves mainly in lists? A: The AT USER-COMMAND event serves mainly to handle own function codes. In this case, you should create an individual interface with the Menu Painter and define such function codes. Q: How to pass data from list to report? A: ABAP/4 provides three ways of passing data: ---Passing data automatically using system fields ---Using statements in the program to fetch data ---Passing list attributes Q: How can you manipulate the presentation and attributes of interactive lists? A: ---Scrolling through Interactive Lists. ---Setting the Cursor from within the Program. ---Modifying List Lines. Q: How to call other programs? A: Report Transaction Call and return SUBMIT AND RETURN CALL TRANSACTION Call without return SUBMIT LEAVE TO TRANSACTION You can use these statements in any ABAP/4 program. Q: How many lists can a program can produce? A: Each program can produce up to 21 lists: one basic list and 20 secondary lists. If the user creates a list on the next level (that is, SY-LSIND increases), the system stores the previous list and displays the new one. Only one list is active, and that is always the most recently created list.

y y y

Home ABAP FAQ ABAP Interview Questions with Answers Topic by topic Data Dictionary FAQ Part 3

ABAP Realtime Interview Questions with Answers-Topics:

Data Dictionary Free Interview Questions with Answers Part 3: Q: Whats ABAP dictionary and its role in SAP? A: ABAP dictionary is the central information base for the developers. This manages all definitions(metadata) required for different applications in SAP. ABAP dictionary is completely integrated into ABAP development workbench. All other component of ABAP development workbench can access the data definitions(meta data) stored in the data dictionary. Role: ABAP data dictionary supports
y y y y y

Definition of user-defined types (data elements, structures, table types). Structure of database objects (tables, indexes and views) can also be defined. These user-defined types/objects are then automatically created in the underlying relational database using the above data definitions. The ABAP dictionary also provides tools for editing screen fields (e.g., for assigning a field an input help i.e. F4 help). Data dictionary ensures data integrity, consistency and security.

Q: What are the main object types of ABAP dictionary? A: Tables: Tables are defined in the ABAP Dictionary independently of the database. A table having the same structure is then created from this table definition in the underlying database. Views: are logical views on more than one table. The structure of the view is defined in the ABAP Dictionary. A view on the database can then be created from this structure. Types (elements, structures, table types): Types are created in ABAP programs. The structure of a type can be defined globally in ABAP programs. Changes to a type automatically take effect in all the programs using the type. Lock objects:are used to synchronize access to the same data by more than one user. Function modules that can be used in application programs are generated from the definition of a lock object in the ABAP Dictionary. Domains: Different fields having the same technical type can be combined in domains. Domain defines the value range of all table fields and structure components that refer to this domain. Data element: The ABAP Dictionary also contains the information displayed with the F1 and F4 help for a field in an input template. The documentation about the field is created for a data element.

Input help: The list of possible input values that appears for the input help is created by a foreign key or a search help. Q: What are the components of a table definition. A:
y y y y

Table fields: For table fields, field names and data types are defined. Foreign keys: Relationship between the table and the other tables are defined. Technical settings: Data class and size category defines that what type of table to be created and how much space required. Indexes: Secondary indexes are created for a table for faster data selection.

Again following are defined for a table fields:

y y y y y y

Field name can be of maximum 16 characters in a table and must start with a letter. Key flag determines if a field should be the table key. Field type depicts the data type of the field in the ABAP dictionary. Field length denotes the number of valid places in the field. Decimal places Number of places after decimal point for float type value. Short text describes the business meaning of the field.

Also fields from other structures can be added to the table definition as include. Q: What are the assignment options to the field? A: i. Direct assignment of data types, field length, short text to a field. ii. Data element assignment to a field. iii. An input check(check table) for a field can be defined with a foreign key. iv. A search help can be assigned to a field. v. Reference field or reference table must be specified for a table field that holds currency or quantity type value. Q: Whats reference table and reference field? A: Reference table is specified for fields containing quantities(data type QUAN) or currency(Data type CURR).This reference table must contain a field with the format for the currency key (data type CUKY) or unit of measure (data type UNIT). This field is called the reference field of the output field. The reference field can also reside in the table itself. Q: Whats the maximum depth of nested includes in a table?

A: Maximum depth is 9 i.e. maximum 9 structures can be included in a table/structure. Q: Whare are the uses of foreign keys in SAP? A: Using foreign keys(as main table-field is linked with check table), input value check for any input field can be done. Foreign keys can also be used to link several tables. Q: How many types of data classes are there in SAP? A: i.Choose APPL0(master data) for data that is frequently accessed but rarely updated/changed. ii.Choose APPL1(transaction data) for data that is frequently changed. iii.Choose APPL2(organizational data) for customizing data that is defined/entered during system installation and rarely changed. Q: How many types of size category are there in SAP? A: There are five size categories. Size category from 0 to 4 can be choosen for the tables. A certain fixed memory size is assigned to each category in the SAP database. Q:What is delivery class? A: We need to insert an delivery class value while creating customized table in SAP through the transaction code SE11. Delivery class is that which regulates the transport of the tables data records (during SAP installations, SAP software upgrade, client copies, and data transport to other SAP system). SAP and its customers have different write types depending on the variety of delivery class. If Delivery class is A, it depicts that the application table for master and transaction data changes only rarely. Q: Whats value table? A: Value table is maintained at domain level in SAP. During domain creation, value range of the domain is defined by specifying value table. Suppose for a particular domain, its value table holds the values A, B, Z. So whenever the domain will be used, system will allow to use these values only.

1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP/4 program? ANS:HEADER ,BODY,FOOTER. 2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups? ANS:Field symbols:Field groups :Can any body explain me what is field group? Field groups are groups similar fields together into one name. Field group works in conjuction with INSERT f1 f2 INTO fg EXTRACT fg SORT BY fg LOOP ... ENDLOOP INSERT f1 f2 INTO fg --------------------The insert statement is used to create a field group dynamically by inserting the field into it. Only global data fields can be inserted and not local data fields eg : in form modules. EXTRACT fg ---------This will combine all the fields in the fieldgroup and write them to a sequential dataset as a single record. SORT BY fg ---------Sorting of sequential dataset by field group. LOOP AND ENDLOOP --------------LOOP. AT *** ...... ....

ENDAT. AT *** ..... .... ENDAT. ENDLOOP.

*-- Chinmaya

3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program? ANS:STEP 1: CONVERTING THE LEGACY SYSTEM DATA TO A FLAT FILE to internal table CALLED "CONVERSION". STEP 2: TRANSFERING THE FLAT FILE INTO SAP SYSTEM CALLED "SAP DATA TRANSFER". STEP 3: DEPENDING UPON THE BDC TYPE i)call transaction(Write the program explicity) ii) create sessions (sessions are created and processed.if success data will transfer). 4. What is a batch input session? ANS:BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed,program name behind it, and how next screen is processed. 5. What is the alternative to batch input session? ANS:Call transaction. 6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in back ground. How to do it? ANS:go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps (JOB SCHEDULING) 8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing online? ANS:PROBLEMS:i) If the user forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed from the session queue(log remains). However if session is processed we may delete it manually. ii)if session processing fails data will not be transferred to SAP database table. 10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects? ans:tables, structures, views, domains, data elements, lock objects, Matchcode objects. 11. How many types of tables exists and what are they in data dictionary? ans :-

4 types of tables i)Transparent tables - Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields. Both Opensql and Nativesql can be used. ii)Pool tables & iii)Cluster tables These are logical tables that are arranged as records of transparent tables.one cannot use native sql on these tables (only opensql).They are not managable directly using database system tools. iv)Internal tables - . 12. What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary? ans:step 1: creating domains(data type,field length,range). step 2: creating data elements(properties and type for a table field). step 3: creating tables(SE11). 13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically? ANS:- NO. TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS. 14. What are the domains and data elements? ANS:DOMAINS : FORMAL DEFINITION OF THE DATA TYPES.THEY SET ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS DATA TYPE,LENGTH,RANGE. DATA ELEMENT : A FIELD IN R/3 SYSTEM IS A DATA ELEMENT. 15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements? ANS:YES. eg:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.here we are referening to a data object(SPFLI) not data element. 16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs? ANS:Adv:- GLOBAL EXISTANCE(these could be used by any other program without creating it again). 17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program? ANS:Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following statements: EXTRACT <fg>.

When the first EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement, the new extract record is added to the dataset EXTRACT HEADER. When you extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the corresponding fields. As soon as the system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group <fg>, the structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed. You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups <fg> and HEADER. If you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another EXTRACT statement, a runtime error occurs. By processing EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the extract dataset with records of different length and structure. Since you can modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement, extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure at the beginning of the program. 18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append? ANS:If an entry with the same key already exists, the COLLECT statement does not append a new line, but adds the contents of the numeric fields in the work area to the contents of the numeric fields in the existing entry. 19. What is open sql vs native sql? ANS:- by Madhukar Open SQL , native SQL are the interfaces to create the database applicatons. Open SQL is consistant across different types of existing Databases. Native SQL is the database language specific to database.Its API is specific to the databse. Open SQL API is consistent across all vendors 20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it? ANS:21. What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary? ANS:22. What are the events in ABAP/4 language? ANS:Initialization, At selection-screen,Start-of-selection,end-of-selection,top-of-page,end-of-page, At line-selection,At user-command,At PF,Get,At New,At LAST,AT END, AT FIRST. 23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports? ANS:An Interactive report is a dynamic drill down report that produces the list on users choice.

diff:a) THE LIST PRODUCED BY CLASSICAL REPORT DOESN'T allow user to interact with the system the list produced by interactive report allows the user to interact with the system. b) ONCE A CLASSICAL REPORT EXECUTED USER LOOSES CONTROL.IR USER HAS CONTROL. c) IN CLASSICAL REPORT DRILLING IS NOT POSSIBLE.IN INTERACTIVE DRILLING IS POSSIBLE. 24. What is a drill down report? ANS:Its an Interactive report where in the user can get more relavent data by selecting explicitly. 25. How do you write a function module in SAP? describe. ANS:creating function module:called program - se37-creating funcgrp,funcmodule by assigning attributes,importing,exporting,tables,exceptions. calling program - SE38-in pgm click pattern and write function name- provide export,import,tables,exception values. 26. What are the exceptions in function module? ANS:COMMUNICATION_FAILURE SYSTEM_FAILURE 27. What is a function group? ANS:GROUP OF ALL RELATED FUNCTIONS. 28. How are the date and time field values stored in SAP? ANS:DD.MM.YYYY. HH:MM:SS 30. Name a few data dictionary objects? //rep// ANS:TABLES,VIEWS,STRUCTURES,LOCK OBJECTS,MATCHCODE OBJECTS. 31. What happens when a table is activated in DD? ANS:It is available for any insertion,modification and updation of records by any user. 32. What is a check table and what is a value table? Check table will be at field level checking. Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid.

33. What are match codes? describe? ans:It is a similar to table index that gives list of possible values for either primary keys or nonprimary keys. 34. What transactions do you use for data analysis? ANS:35. What is table maintenance generator? ANS:36. What are ranges? What are number ranges? ANS:max,min values provided in selection screens. 37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters? ANS:select options provide ranges where as parameters do not. SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table which is automatically filled with values or ranges of values entered by the end user. For each SELECT-OPTIONS , the system creates a selection table. SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>. A selection table is an internal table with fields SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH. The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of <field>. The SIGN field can take the following values: I Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply) The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less than or equal NB Not between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern. diff:PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into an internal field within a report. SELECT-OPTIONS allow users to fill an internal table with a range of values. For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you should define text elements by choosing Goto - Text elements - Selection texts - Change. Eg:- Parameters name(30). when the user executes the ABAP/4 program,an input field for 'name' will appear on the selection screen.You can change the comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as described in Selection Texts.

38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen? ANS:validate :- by using match code objects. display :- Parameters <name> default 'xxx'. select-options <name> for spfli-carrid. 39. What are selection texts? ANS:40. What is CTS and what do you know about it? ANS:The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project. For practical information on working with the Change and Transport System, see Change and Transport Organizer and Transport Management System. 41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it? ANS:42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent? ANS:43. Are programs client dependent? ANS:Yes.Group of users can access these programs with a client no. 44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs? ANS:SY-SUBRC,SY-DBCNT,SY-LILLI,SY-DATUM,SY-UZEIT,SY-UCOMM,SY-TABIX..... SY-LILLI IS ABSOLUTE NO OF LINES FROM WHICH THE EVENT WAS TRIGGERED. 45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement? ANS:i)It is a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.

ii)using SY-DBCNT. iii)The number of memory allocations the system need to allocate for the next record population. 46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs? Performance of ABAPs can be improved by minimizing the amount of data to be transferred. The data set must be transferred through the network to the applications, so reducing the amount OF time and also reduces the network traffic. Some measures that can be taken are: - Use views defined in the ABAP/4 DDIC (also has the advantage of better reusability). - Use field list (SELECT clause) rather than SELECT *. - Range tables should be avoided (IN operator) - Avoid nested SELECTS. i)system tools ii)field symbols and field groups. ans:Field Symbols : Field symbols are placeholders for existing fields. A Field Symbol does not physically reserve space for a field,but points to a field which is not known until runtime of the program. eg:- FIELD-SYMBOL <FS> [<TYPE>]. Field groups : A field group combines several fields under one name.At runtime,the INSERT command is used to define which data fields are assigned to which field group. There should always be a HEADER field group that defines how the extracted data will be sorted,the data is sorted by the fields grouped under the HEADER field group. 47. What are datasets? ANS:The sequential files(ON APPLICATION SERVER) are called datasets. They are used for file handling in SAP. 48. How to find the return code of a statement in ABAP programs? ANS:Using function modules. 49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP? ANS : CONVERSION : LEGACY SYSTEM TO FLAT FILE. INTERFACE : FLAT FILE TO SAP SYSTEM. 50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?

51. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why? 52. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases? ANS:To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. adv:The programmer need not worry about the primary key for each table.Because Logical database knows how the different tables relate to each other,and can issue the SELECT command with proper where clause to retrieve the data. i)An easy-to-use standard user interface. ii)check functions which check that user input is complete,correct,and plausible. iii)meaningful data selection. iv)central authorization checks for database accesses. v)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. disadv:i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION). 53. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report? ans:AT LINE-SELECTION,AT USER-COMMAND,AT PF. 54. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used? ans:55. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP/4 query tool? 56. What are the functional areas? User groups? and how does ABAP/4 query work in relation to these? 57. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP/4 query? 59. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them? 60. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session? ans:we will look into the error log file (SM35).

61. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions? ANS:We look into the list of incorrect session and process it again. To correct incorrect session we analyize the session to determine which screen and value produced the error.For small errors in data we correct them interactively otherwise modify batch input program that has generated the session or many times even the datafile. 62. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs? ans:go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps(JOB SCHEDULING) 63. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run? 64. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relavent table for that? 65. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages? ans:Yes. 66. What is a currency factoring technique? 67. How do you document ABAP/4 programs? Do you use program documentation menu option? 68. What is SAPscript and layout set? ans:The tool which is used to create layout set is called SAPscript. Layout set is a design document. 69. What are the ABAP/4 commands that link to a layout set? ans:control commands,system commands, 70. What is output determination? 71. What are IDOCs? ans:IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the messages as a container. 72. What are screen painter? menu painter? Gui status? ..etc. ans:dynpro - flow logic + screens. menu painter GUI Status - It is subset of the interface elements(title bar,menu bar,standard tool bar,push

buttons) used for a certain screen. The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction. 73. What is screen flow logic? What are the sections in it? Explain PAI and PBO. ans:The control statements that control the screen flow. PBO - This event is triggered before the screen is displayed. PAI - This event is responsible for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the pushbutton. 74. Overall how do you write transaction programs in SAP? ans:Create program-SE93-create transcode-Run it from command field. 75. Does SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called? 76. What are step loops? How do you program pagedown pageup in step loops? ans:step loops are repeated blocks of field in a screen. 77. Is ABAP a GUI language? ANS:Yes. ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE. 78. Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written? What is the XXXXXTOP program? ans:ABAP/4 program. DYNPRO 79. What are the include programs? ANS:When the same sequence of statements in several programs are to be written repeadly they are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in ABAP/4 programs. 80. Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program? ans:- Yes- only external subroutines Using 'SUBMIT' statement. 81. What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precations are needed? 82. What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side?

83. What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs? ANS:Should start with Y or Z. 84. How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requrements? ans:SLDB-F4. 85. How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures? ans:Transcode is entered in command field to open the table.Utilities-Table contents-display. 86. How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP? ans:87. What are the different modules of SAP? ans:FI,CO,SD,MM,PP,HR. 89. How do you get help in ABAP? ans:HELP-SAP LIBRARY,by pressing F1 on a keyword. 90. What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences? ans:91. What are the different elements in layout sets? ans:PAGES,Page windows,Header,Paragraph,Character String,Windows. 92. Can you use if then else, perform ..etc statements in sap script? ans:yes. 93. What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data? 94. How do you number pages in sapscript layout outputs? 95. What takes most time in SAP script programming? ANS:LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION. 96. How do you use tab sets in layout sets? 97. How do you backup sapscript layout sets? Can you download and upload? How?

98. What are presentation and application servers in SAP? ANS:The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server. 99. In an ABAP/4 program how do you access data that exists on a presentation server vs on an application server? ans:i)using loop statements. ii)flat 100. What are different data types in ABAP/4? ans:Elementary predefined C,D,F,I,N,P,T,X. userdefined TYPES. ex: see in intel book page no 35/65 Structured predefined TABLES. userdefined Field Strings and internal tables. 101. What is difference between session method and Call Transaction? ans:102. Setting up a BDC program where you find information from? ans:103. What has to be done to the packed fields before submitting to a BDC session. ans:fields converted into character type. 104. What is the structure of a BDC sessions. ans:BDCDATA (standard structure). 105. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table. ans:program,dynpro,dynbegin,fnam,fval. 106. What do you define in the domain and data element. Technical details like

107. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level. ans:ii)Pool tables is a logical representation of transparent tables .Hence no existence at database level. Where as transparent tables are physical tables and exist at database level. 108. What is cardinality? For cardinality one out of two (domain or data element) should be the same for Ztest1 and Ztest2 tables. M:N Cardinality specifies the number of dependent(Target) and independent (source) entities which can be in a relationship.