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DRIVINGTHEDEVILOUTOFFLOWERS
.

2 4 7
t h e c r o s s w i t h i t . " 3 1
A l l t h i s t o e v e r y l o y a l a n d s o b e r m i n d e d
Ch ur c h m a n m us t s e e m c h i l d i s h a n d pue r i l e t o a d e gr e e ,
a n d t h o s e pe r s o n s m a y b e pa r d o n e d w h o d o ub t w h e t h e r
a n y o n e i n a s t a t e o fs a n i t y c o ul d ,w i t h a s o l e m n fa c e ,
pub l i c l y pe r fo r m s uc h a n o ut r a ge o us fa r c e . But i t i s n o
l a ugh i n gm a t t e r . Un l e s s t h i s s o r t o ft h i n gi s put d o w n b y
a ut h o r i t y i t w i l l i n c r e a s e a s t h e y e a r s go o n ,a n d t h e e v i l
w i l l gr o w w o r s e w i t h t i m e . So m e ,a s t h e y r e a d t h i s ,w i l l
n a t ur a l l y a s k ,Ha v e t h e Bi s h o ps go n e a s l e e p ?Th e y h a v e
t a k e n a n o a t h t o " b a n i s h a n d d r i v e a w a y " a l l fa l s e d o c t r i n e
c o n t r a r y t o Go d 's Wo r d ,a n d t h e r i t ua l w h i c h Ih a v e
d e s c r i b e d i s d e s i gn e d t o t e a c h fa l s e d o c t r i n e . Wh y ,t h e n ,
d o n o t t h e i r l o r d s h i ps a c t ? Wh e n a n un fo r t un a t e Pr o -
t e s t a n t M i n i s t e r d o e s a n y t h i n ge x t r e m e t h e Bi s h o ps b e c o m e
w i d e a w a k e a t o n c e ,a n d s o o n s h o w t h a t t h e y po s s e s s po w e r
t o put d o w n w h a t t h e y d i s l i k e . Suppo s e t h e y w e r e t o
pub l i c l y d e c l a r e t h a t t h e y w o ul d n o t l i c e n s e a c ur a t e t o
a n y Vi c a r w h o t o l e r a t e s t h e s e i d o l a t r o us a n d s upe r s t i t i o us
pr a c t i c e s i n h i s Ch ur c h ? Th a t w o ul d s o o n b r i n gm a n y o f
t h e m t o t h e i r s e n s e s ,a n d c o m pe l t h e s e l a w l e s s r e b e l s t o
s ub m i t t o a ut h o r i t y . We w a n t a Be n c h o fBi s h o ps w h o
w i l l fe a r l e s s l y d o t h e i r d ut y
. A s Epi s c o pa l Se e s fa l l v a c a n t ,
pr e s s ur e m us t b e b r o ugh t t o b e a r o n t h e Pr i m e M i n i s t e r t o
r e c o m m e n d fo r t h e v a c a n t Se e s m e n w h o w i l l i n s i s t o n t h e
s upr e m a c y o fl a w a n d o r d e r i n t h e i r d i o c e s e s ,a n d s t e r n l y
put d o w n t h e s e Ri t ua l i s t i c A n a r c h i s t s ,w h o s e o w n w i l l i s
t h e i r o n l y s upr e m e l a w ,a n d w h o pe r s i s t i n d o i n gt h a t w h i c h
i s r i gh t o n l y i n t h e i r o w n e y e s .
To r e t ur n t o t h e
Se r v i c e s o fHo l y We e k
. It pr o v i d e s a
s e r v i c e fo r " Pa l m Sun d a y ," w h i c h c o m m e n c e s w i t h a
" Spr i n k l i n go fHo l y Wa t e r ," 3 2 a n d i s fo l l o w e d b y t h e
pr i e s t d r i v i n gt h e d e v i l o ut o f " t h e fl o w e r s a n d l e a v e s " t o
b e us e d i n t h e s e r v i c e : -" Ie x o r c i s e t h e e ," h e e x c l a i m s ,
" Cr e a t ur e o ffl o w e r s o r b r a n c h e s . . . a n d h e n c e fo r t h l e t
a l l t h e s t r e n gt h o ft h e a d v e r s a r y ,a l l t h e h o s t o ft h e d e v i l ,
3 1 Ib i d . ,p . 52 .

3 2
Ib i d . ,p . 3 .
2 4 8 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
e v e r y po w e r o f
t h e e n e m y ,
e v e r y a s s a ul t
o f
fi e n d s ,b e
e x pe l l e d a n d ut t e r l y d r i v e n a w a y fr o m t h i s c r e a t ur e o ffl o w e r s
o r b r a n c h e s . "
3 3
Id i d n o t k n o w ,un t i l Ih a d r e a d t h i s Se r v i c e ,
t h a t t h e d e v i l e v e r r e s i d e d w i t h i n fl o w e r s
.
Ri t ua l i s t i c y o un g
l a d i e s e s pe c i a l l y w i l l n o w n e e d t o b e c a r e ful . Wo ul d i t n o t
b e w i s e fo r t h e m ,b e fo r e go i n gw i t h a b o uque t o ffl o w e r s t o
t h e t h e a t r e ,t o t a k e i t t o s o m e pr i e s t l y " Fa t h e r ," i n o r d e r
t h a t h e m a y ,i n t h i s w a y ,d r i v e t h e d e v i l o ut o ft h e fl o w e r s
?
Ifh e c o ul d d r i v e t h e d e v i l o ut o f t h e pe o pl e w h o c a r r y t h e
fl o w e r s ,i t w o ul d b e m uc h m o r e pr o fi t a b l e . Th e pr i e s t n e x t
s pr i n k l e s " t h e fl o w e r s a n d l e a v e s " " w i t h Ho l y Wa t e r " ; 3 4 a n d
h e i s r e qui r e d t o c a r e ful l y o b s e r v e t h e fo l l o w i n gRub r i c
: -
" Wh e n t h e Pa l m s a r e b e i n gd i s t r i b ut e d , A SHRINEWITHRELICS
[t h a t i s ,w i t h t h e h o l y b o n e s o fs o m e s uppo s e d Sa i n t ]s h a l l b e m a d e
r e a d y ,i n w h i c h s h a l l h a n gi n a Py x t h e Ho s t ; a n d t w o c l e r k s ,n o t
j o i n i n gt h e pr o c e s s i o n t o t h e fi r s t s t a t i o n ,s h a l l c o m e t o m e e t i t a t t h e
pl a c e o ft h e fi r s t s t a t i o n ; a l a n t e r n s h a l l pr e c e d e i t ,w i t h a n un v e i l e d
c r o s s a n d t w o b a n n e r s . "
3 s
Wh e r e t h e y a r e t o ge t t h e " Re l i c s
" fr o m Id o n o t k n o w .
Ca n t h e y pur c h a s e t h e m a t Ro m e fo r m o n e y ? Th e s e
" Re l i c s " a r e m e n t i o n e d i n s e v e r a l o t h e r po r t i o n s o ft h e
s e r v i c e . A n o t h e r s e r v i c e i s h e r e pr o v i d e d ,b y t h e So c i e t y o f
St
. Os m un d ,fo r " M a un d y Th ur s d a y . "
It i s o r d e r e d t h a t
t h e s ub -d e a c o n s h a l l " pr e pa r e t h r e e Ho s t s t o b e c o n s e -
c r a t e d ," o n e o fw h i c h ,a ft e r c o n s e c r a t i o n s h a l l "
b e pl a c e d
w i t h t h e c r o s s i n t h e s e pul c h r e . "
3 6
On t h i s d a y ,i t a ppe a r s ,
" t h e o i l s t o c k o ft h e Ho l y Ch r i s m i s k i s s e d i n pl a c e o ft h e
Pa x . " A ft e r t h i s t h e " a l t a r " i s t o b e w a s h e d b y t h e pr i e s t
w i t h w i n e a n d w a t e r ,w h o i s t o fi n i s h upt h e b us i n e s s b y
k i s s i n gi t
3 7
Be fo r e c l o s i n gm y r e m a r k s o n t h i s b o o k I
m us t m e n t i o n t h a t o n Go o d Fr i d a y t h e Po pe i s o r d e r e d t o
b e pr a y e d fo r i n t e r m s w h i c h c a n o n l y b e us e d b y t h o s e
Ri t ua l i s t s w h o a r e t h o r o ugh l y d i s l o y a l t o t h e i n d e pe n d e n c e o f
7 3
Se r v i c e s o fHo l y We e k ,p . 3 .

" Ib i d . ,p
. 5 .

e 6
Ib i d . ,p . 6 .
3 6 Ib i d . ,p. 1 7 .

3 7
Ib i d . ,Pp . 1 9 ,2 0 .
PRA YING FORTHEPOPE. 2 4 9
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d o fa l l Pa pa l c o n t r o l
. Th e fo l l o w i n g
e x t r a c t s pr o v e t h i s : -
" Le t us pr a y a l s o fo r o ur m o s t b l e s s e d Po n t i ff N
. ,t h a t o ur Go d
a n d Lo r d ,w h o h a t h c h o s e n h i m fr o m t h e Or d e r o ft h e Epi s c o pa t e ,
w o ul d pr e s e r v e h i m i n h e a l t h a n d s a fe t y t o Hi s Ho l y Ch ur c h ,fo r
t h e
go v e r n a n c e
o fGo d 's h o l y pe o pl e . "
" A l m i gh t y a n d e v e r l a s t i n gGo d . . .
r e ga r d o ur pr a y e r s : a n d
w i t h Th y m e r c y pr e s e r v e o ur c h o s e n pr e l a t e
; t h a t a l l Ch r i s t i a n
pe o pl e
go v e r n e d b y s uc h a ut h o r i t y ,a n d o b e y i n gs o gr e a t a Po n t i ff,, m a y
e v e r i n c r e a s e i n fa i t h a n d w o r k s . "
3 8
Th e w o n d e r i s t h a t t h e pe o pl e w h o t e a c h t h i s s o r t o f
t h i n g,d o n o t c o n s i s t e n t l y
" o b e y s o gr e a t a Po n t i ff," b y a t
o n c e go i n go v e r o pe n l y
t o h i s c o m m un i o n . Ift h e Po pe i s
a ppo i n t e d b y Go d ,a s i s h e r e a s s e r t e d , " fo r t h e go v e r n a n c e
o fGo d 's h o l y pe o pl e "
w i t h o ut e x c e pt i o n ,t h e n t h e c o n d uc t
o ft h o s e Ri t ua l i s t s w h o b e l i e v e t h i s i s un d o ub t e d l y t h a t
w h i c h i s us ua l l y t e r m e d " d o ub l e d e a l i n g. " We c a n n o t a ffo r d
t o l a ugh a t o r d e s pi s e t h i s s o r t o ft h i n g . It h a s a t e n d e n c y
t o gr o w a n d m ul t i pl y ,l i k e w e e d s i n a ga r d e n . Th e s o o n e r
t h e s e Po pi s h w e e d s a r e pul l e d upo ut o ft h e ga r d e n o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t h e b e t t e r i t w i l l b e fo r t h o s e h e a l t h y
pl a n t s w h o s e pr o pe r pl a c e i s i n h e r s o i l .
It i s n e a r l y t h i r t y
y e a r s s i n c e t h e Ri t ua l i s t s fi r s t pub l i s h e d a t r a n s l a t i o n i n t o
En gl i s h o ft h e
Li t ur gy o ft h e Ch ur c h o fSa r um . Ca n o n
T. T
. Ca r t e r ,o fCl e w e r ,Supe r i o r Ge n e r a l o ft h e Co n fr a t e r -
n i t y o ft h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t ,w r o t e a n In t r o d uc t i o n t o i t
i n w h i c h h e a ffi r m e d t h a t t h e t r a n s l a t i o n w a s
" a b o o n o ft h e
gr e a t e s t v a l ue " ;
a n d e x pr e s s e d h i s o w n pe r s o n a l " s e n s e
o fi t s gr e a t v a l ue . " 3 9 In t h e
" Ca n o n o ft h e M a s s " t h i s
t r a n s l a t i o n a l s o c o n t a i n s a pr a y e r fo r
" o ur Po pe " ; 4 0 a n d
a s a s pe c i m e n o fs upe r s t i t i o n Im a y m e n t i o n t h a t o n e o ft h e
r ub r i c s i n i t d i r e c t s
: -" Le t t h e Pr i e s t r i n s e h i s h a n d s ,l e s t
a n y r e m n a n t s o ft h e Bo d y o r Bl o o d s h o ul d h a v e r e m a i n e d
o n
" 8 Ib i d . ,p . 2 6 .
80
Th e Li t ur gy o ft h e Ch ur c h o fSa r um , w i t h In t r o d uc t i o n b y Re v . T. T.
Ca r t e r , pp .
v i . ,v i i . Se c o n d e d i t i o n . Lo n d o n
: Ha y e s .
1 0 Ib i d . ,p . 6 3 .
2 50 SECRETHISTORYOFTHE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
h i s fi n ge r s o r i n t h e c h a l i c e . "
4 3
Th e fo l l o w i n g pr a y e r i s
v e r y d i s l o y a l a n d Po pi s h : -
" Fo r t h e Po pe .
" Le t us pr a y a l s o fo r t h e Bl e s s e d N. o ur Po pe ; t h a t o ur Go d a n d
Lo r d ,w h o e l e c t e d h i m t o t h e Or d e r o ft h e Epi s c o pa t e ,m a y pr e s e r v e
h i m s a fe t o Hi s Ho l y Ch ur c h t h a t h e m a y go v e r n t h e h o l y pe o pl e
o fGo d
. "
4 2
Th e r e i s n o t o n e w o r d o fw a r n i n gi n t h e b o o k w h i c h
c o n t a i n s t h i s pr a y e r ,r e m i n d i n gt h e r e a d e r t h a t Go d n e v e r
d i d a ppo i n t t h e Po pe t o " go v e r n t h e h o l y pe o pl e o fGo d . "
Th e r e i s
o n e o t h e r pub l i c a t i o n o ft h e So c i e t y
o f St . Os m un d
w h i c h Im us t n o t i c e ,b e c a us e i t pr o v e s h o w a n x i o us s o m e
o f t h e Ri t ua l i s t s a r e t o r e v i v e t h e e v i l c us t o m o f pa y i n gfo r
M a s s e s fo r t h e De a d ,a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e t o r e s t o r e m a n y o f
t h e m o s t d e gr a d i n gd e a t h -b e d c us t o m s o f t h e Pa pa c y ,w h i c h
o b t a i n e d i n En gl a n d d ur i n gt h e Da r k A ge s . It i s e n t i t l e d
Ce r e m o n i a l a n d Offi c e s Co n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Bur i a l o ft h e De a d .
" It w i l l b e s e e n ," w r i t e s t h e a ut h o r , " t h a t Ch a un t r y pr i e s t s w e r e
n o t o v e r pa i d : b ut a s h a l fa l o a fi s s a i d t o b e b e t t e r t h a n n o n e ,s ur e l y
i t w o ul d b e w o r t h t h e w h i l e o fs o m e a ge d o r i n fi r m pr i e s t t o a c c e pt a
m o d e r a t e s t i pe n d o r v o l un t a r y o ffe r i n go fC6 o o r £ j o a y e a r t o a c t i n
t h a t c a pa c i t y
4 3
On e o ft h e m o s t d i s t r e s s i n gt h i n gs Ik n o w o fi n t h e
A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h i s t h e d i ffi c ul t y o fge t t i n ga pr i e s t t o s a y M a s s fo r
s o m e d e pa r t e d fr i e n d o r r e l a t i o n ,b e c a us e w h e n a s k e d b e w i l l t e l l y o u
h e d o e s n o t
l i k e b e i n gpa i d fo r Sa c r a m e n t s ,
&c .
; b ut s ur e l y t h i s i s a
pr ud i s h l i n e
t o t a k e -t h e ` l a b o ur e r i s w o r t h y o fh i s h i r e '-a n d a s
St . Pa ul s a i d ,` Th e y w h i c h w a i t a t t h e a l t a r a r e pa r t a k e r s w i t h t h e a l t a r . '
" Le t pr i e s t s t h e n a w a k e n t o a gr e a t e r s e n s e o fd ut y i n t h i s r e s pe c t ,
a n d t h e gr e a t w o r k o fc h a r i t y t h e y h a v e t h e po w e r o fb e s t o w i n g,a n d
r e m e m b e r t h a t i n a c c e pt i n g a n Ho n o r a r i um fo r a M a s s t h e y a r e n o t
r e c e i v i n ga fe e ,b ut a n o ffe r i n g . "
4 4
A l l t h i s m e a n s ,o fc o ur s e ,h o w e v e r c o v e r e d o v e r w i t h
" Th e Li t ur gy o ft h e Ch ur c h o fSa r um , w i t h In t r o d uc t i o n b y Re v . T. T.
Ca r t e r ,p
. 7 8 . Se c o n d e d i t i o n . Lo n d o n :
Ha y e s .
" 2
Ib i d . ,p .
1 1 4 -
1 3
Th a t i s ,t o a c t a s a "
Ch a un t r y Pr i e s t ," w h o s e s o l e w o r k w o ul d b e t h a t o f
o ffe r i n gM a s s e s fo r t h e De a d t o ge t t h e m o ut o fPur ga t o r y .
" " Tr a n s a c t i o n s o ft h e So c i e t y o fSt . Os m un d , Pa r t III. , " Ce r e m o n i a l a n d
Offi c e s Co n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Bur i a l o ft h e De a d ," pp
. 7 3 ,7 4 .
" BEA UTIFULRITES "
FOR THE SICK
.

2 51
w o r d s ,a r e v i v a l o fw h a t Bi s h o pLa t i m e r j us t l y d e n o un c e d
a s " Pur ga t o r y Pi c k Pur s e . "
Th e " h o n o r a r i um fo r a M a s s "
i s n o t ,
s a y s t h e w r i t e r o ft h i s pa m ph l e t ,
" a fe e ,b ut a n
o ffe r i n g . "
But w h e n t h e pr i e s t r e fus e s t o s a y t h e M a s s
w i t h o ut h i s "
h o n o r a r i um ," w o ul d n o t t h a t r e fus a l b e
e qui v a l e n t t o a d e m a n d fo r a "
fe e " ?It w o ul d b e t h e s a m e
a s s a y i n g : -' ; Ic a n n o t s e l l t h e Lo r d 's Bo d y i n t h i s M a s s ,
l i k e J ud a s s o l d i t o fo l d fo r t h i r t y pi e c e s o fs i l v e r
. Th a t
w o ul d b e v e r y w i c k e d
; b ut fo r a l l t h a t ,i fy o uc a n n o t gi v e
m e a m o n e y ` o ffe r i n g,'y o uc a n n o t h a v e t h e M a s s
. " Wh a t
i s t h e e s s e n t i a l d i ffe r e n c e ,i n a c a s e l i k e t h i s ,b e t w e e n t h e
c o n d uc t o fJ ud a s a n d t h a t o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c pr i e s t s
? J ud a s
m i gh t h a v e s a i d t o t h e c h i e fpr i e s t s , "
Ic a n n o t s e l l t h e
Lo r d J e s us t o y o u ;
b ut i t i s qui t e o pe n t o y o ut o m a k e m e
a n ` h o n o r a r i um ,'o r fr e e -w i l l ` o ffe r i n g'o ft h i r t y pi e c e s o f
s i l v e r fo r m y s e r v i c e s i n h a n d i n gHi m o v e r t o y o u
. "
Th e w r i t e r o ft h i s pa m ph l e t ,t o w a r d s i t s c l o s e ,t e l l s us
t h a t h e h a s i n i t s k e t c h e d t h o s e " b e a ut i ful r i t e s o fo ur
Ho l y M o t h e r t h e Ch ur c h w i t h w h i c h ,i n t h e pl e n i t ud e o f
h e r gl o r y ,pe e r a n d pe a s a n t a l i k e w e r e fo r t i fi e d a n d h o n o ur e d ,
a n d t h r o ugh t h e w i c k e d n e s s o fm a n a l o n e w e r e l o s t t o l o n g
ge n e r a t i o n s t h a t fo l l o w e d
. It b e c o m e s n o t h i n gl e s s t h a n a
s o l e m n d ut y
d e v o l v i n gupo n us ,i n t h i s s o -c a l l e d e n l i gh t e n e d
a ge ,
t o r e s t o r e a n d r e s us c i t a t e A LL
t h a t o ur fo r e fa t h e r s s o d e a r l y
c h e r i s h e d . "
4 6
A m o n gs t t h e "
b e a ut i ful r i t e s " w h i c h ,i n t h e
o pi n i o n o ft h i s So c i e t y o fSt
. Os m un d ,i t i s o ur " s o l e m n
d ut y " t o "
r e s t o r e ," a r e t h e fo l l o w i n g,a s d e s c r i b e d i n t h e
pa m ph l e t w h i c h Ia m c o n s i d e r i n g
: -
" Ri c h a r d M a r s h ,Bi s h o po fDur h a m ,i n i z z o e n j o i n s a s fo l l o w s : -
'
Wh e n t h e Euc h a r i s t i s t a k e n t o t h e Si c k ,l e t t h e pr i e s t h a v e a c l e a n
a n d d e c e n t Py x ,s o t h a t o n e a l w a y s r e m a i n s i n t h e Ch ur c h ,a n d i n t h e
o t h e r h e c a r r i e s t h e Lo r d 's Bo d y t o t h e Si c k ,t h e Euc h a r i s t i t s e l fb e i n g
e n c l o s e d i n a v e r y c l e a n pur s e
. Th e Py x w i l l b e c o v e r e d w i t h a c l e a n
l i n e n c l o t h ,a n d a l i gh t w i l l b e c a r r i e d b e fo r e i t ,a n d a c r o s s a l s o ,
un l e s s t h e c r o s s h a s a l r e a d y b e e n c a r r i e d t o a n o t h e r s i c k m a n
. A
0 Ib i d . ,p . 7 i .
2 52
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
l i t t l e b e l l w i l l a l s o b e r un gb e fo r e t h e pr i e s t t o e x c i t e t h e d e v o t i o n o f
t h e fa i t h ful . Th e pr i e s t w i l l a l w a y s h a v e w i t h h i m a s t o l e w h e n h e
c a r r i e s t h e Euc h a r i s t t o t h e Si c k ,a n d w h e n t h e s i c k m a n i s n o t v e r y
fa r o fft h e pr i e s t w i l l go t o h i m i n a s ur pl i c e . He w i l l h a v e a v e s s e l
o fs i l v e r o r t i n ,k e pt e s pe c i a l l y fo r t h e pur po s e ,t h a t h e m a y gi v e
t o h i m [t h e s i c k m a n ]t h e a b l ut i o n s o fh i s fi n ge r s a ft e r Co m -
m un i o n . '"
4 8
" A r r i v i n ga t t h e s i c k m a n 's h o us e ,t h e pr i e s t s pr i n k l e d i t w i t h Ho l y
Wa t e r ,s a y i n g,` Pe a c e b e t o t h i s h o us e ,'a n d h a v i n gh e a r d h i s Co n fe s -
s i o n ,a b s o l v e d h i m a n d gi v e n h i m t h e k i s s o fpe a c e ,h e a d m i n i s t e r e d
t h e Vi a t i c um a n d Ex t r e m e Un c t i o n . "
4 ]
" Th i s s e r v i c e [fo r d e c e a s e d Gui l d s m e n i n t h e Da r k A ge s ]w a s
fo l l o w e d . .
b y t h r e e s o l e m n M a s s e s ,a t e a c h o fw h i c h e v e r y 'b r o t h e r
pr e s e n t w e n t upa t o ffe r t o r y t i m e t o t h e a l t a r a n d put h i s
M A SS
PENNY fo r t h e go o d o ft h e d e pa r t e d s o ul i n t o t h e h a n d s o ft h e s a c r i -
fi c i n gpr i e s t . " 4 B
Ih a v e n o d o ub t t h a t t h e " s a c r i fi c i n gpr i e s t " t h o ugh t t h a t
t h e c us t o m o fe a c h b r o t h e r pa y i n ga " M a s s Pe n n y " i n t o h i s
h a n d s w a s a v e r y " b e a ut i ful r i t e " i n d e e d ,a s i t a ppe a r s t h e
So c i e t y o fSt
. Os m un d a l s o d o e s a t t h e pr e s e n t t i m e ; b ut I
s h o ul d i m a gi n e t h a t t h e o v e r w h e l m i n gm a j o r i t y o fEn gl i s h -
m e n a r e n o w o fa v e r y d i ffe r e n t o pi n i o n . We t h i n k t h e o t h e r
" r i t e s "
d e s c r i b e d a b o v e t o b e fa r fr o m " b e a ut i ful ," e s pe c i -
a l l y t h a t o n e i n w h i c h t h e s i c k m a n i s t o d r i n k t h e d i r t y
w a t e r i n w h i c h t h e pr i e s t h a s w a s h e d h i s h a n d s
!
On Fe b r ua r y 1 8t h ,1 89 7 ,t h e Ho n . Se c r e t a r y a n d Tr e a s ur e r
o ft h e So c i e t y o fSt . Os m un d s e n t o ut a c i r c ul a r -l e t t e r t o
t h e m e m b e r s a n n o un c i n gt h a t a " ge n e r a l m e e t i n g" w o ul d
b e h e l d o n Fe b r ua r y 2 5t h " fo r t h e pur po s e o fd i s s o l v i n gt h e
So c i e t y o fSt . Os m un d . " Th i s w o ul d i n d e e d h a v e b e e n
go o d n e w s fo r En gl i s h Ch ur c h m e n ,h a d i t b e e n s t r i c t l y i n
a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e fa c t s . Wh a t w a s a c t ua l l y " d i s s o l v e d "
w a s ,n o t t h e
So c i e t y ,
b ut i t s n a m e , a s i s c l e a r fr o m t h e
Se c r e t a r y 's l e t t e r w h i c h a ppe a r e d i n ful l i n t h e
En gl i s h
Ch ur c h m a n o fFe b r ua r y 2 5t h ,1 89 7 ,pa ge 1 2 6 .
4 6 Tr a n s a c t i o n s o ft h e So c i e t y o fSt . Os m un d , Pa r t III. , " Ce r e m o n i a l a n d
Offi c e s Co n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Bur i a l o f
t h e De a d ,"
p
. 55 .
4 1
Ib i d . ,p . 56

4 8 Ib i d . ,p . 6 2 .
THE A LCUINCLUB .

2 53
"
En c l o s e d ," w r o t e t h e Se c r e t a r y t o t h e m e m b e r s o ft h e So c i e t y o f
St . Os m un d , "
a r e pa r t i c ul a r s o ft h e A l c ui n Cl ub ,
w h o s e w o r k w i l l
c o v e r m o r e gr o un d t h a n o ur
So c i e t y h a s b e e n a b l e t o t o uc h ,a n d I
c o n s e que n t l y pr e s um e t h a t y o uw i l l c o n t i n ue y o ur
s uppo r t o fEn gl i s h
Ce r e m o n i a l
b y j o i n i n gt h e Cl ub , a t l e a s t a s a n A s s o c i a t e ,a t t h e a n n ua l
s ub s c r i pt i o n o ffi v e s h i l l i n gs .
Un l e s s Ih e a r fr o m y o ut o t h e c o n t r a r y ,
o n t h e d i s s o l ut i o n o ft h e So c i e t y o fSt
. Os m un d , Is h a l l t h e r e fo r e
a s s um e t h a t y o uw i s h t o b e c o m e a n A s s o c i a t e o ft h e Cl ub ,a n d w i l l
a c c o r d i n gl y
pr o po s e y o ufo r e l e c t i o n . "
Th e Se c r e t a r y o ft h e n e w " A l c ui n Cl ub
" i s t h e ge n t l e m a n
w h o h a d h i t h e r t o a c t e d a s Se c r e t a r y o ft h e So c i e t y o f
St . Os m un d ;
a n d s e v e r a l o ft h e Co m m i t t e e o ft h e
" Cl ub "
a r e t h e s a m e ge n t l e m e n w h o s e r v e d o n t h e Co un c i l o ft h e
So c i e t y o fSt . Os m un d
. Th e r e i s ,t h e r e fo r e ,b ut l i t t l e ,i f
a n y ,r o o m fo r d o ub t t h a t t h e " Cl ub " a n d
" So c i e t y " a r e t o
a l l i n t e n t s a n d pur po s e s t h e s a m e
. A n a r t i c l e o n t h e n e w
" Cl ub " a ppe a r e d i n t h e
Ch ur c h Ti m e s o fM a r c h 1 9 t h ,1 89 7 ,
fr o m w h i c h Il e a r n t h a t i t w i l l b e a l a r ge r a n d m o r e i n fl ue n -
t i a l o r ga n i z a t i o n t h a n t h e So c i e t y w a s . "
Bo t h m e m b e r s a n d
a s s o c i a t e s ," i t s t a t e s , " m us t b e i n c o m m un i o n w i t h t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d "
; a n d i t a n n o un c e s t h a t " Th e Cl ub
h a s a l r e a d y b e e n j o i n e d b y t h e Bi s h o ps o fOx fo r d ,Sa l i s b ur y ,
a n d Ed i n b ur gh ," a n d b y Pr o fe s s o r W. E
. Co l l i n s ,o fKi n g's
Co l l e ge ,Lo n d o n ; Ca n o n J . N
. Da l t o n ,o fWi n d s o r ; Ca n o n
A . J
. M a s o n ,o fCa n t e r b ur y ; t h e Re v
. Hugh P . Cur r i e ,
Pr i n c i pa l o fWe l l s Th e o l o gi c a l Co l l e ge
; a n d Ca n o n W. E.
Ne w b o l t ,o fSt
. Pa ul 's Ca t h e d r a l
. Th e n a m e s o ft h e Co m -
m i t t e e a r e gi v e n b y t h e Ch ur c h Ti m e s
. Th e c l e r gy a r e a l l
e x t r e m e Ri t ua l i s t s .
" Th e w o r k o ft h e A l c ui n Cl ub ," s a y s t h e
Ch ur c h Ti m e s ,
" w i l l b e
c h i e fl y i n b o o k s a n d t r a c t s ,i l l us t r a t e d b y e x a c t r e pr o d uc t i o n s o f
m i n i a t ur e s a n d ph o t o gr a ph s o fCh ur c h fur n i t ur e ,o r n a m e n t s ,v e s t -
m e n t s . . .
t h e o r n a m e n t s o ft h e a l t a r a n d t h e l i t ur gi c a l c o l o ur s
w i l l
b e t a k e n n e x t ; t h e n t h e o c c a s i o n a l s e r v i c e s w i l l b e d e a l t w i t h ,t h e
Di v i n e s e r v i c e ,t h e Li t a n y o r Pr o c e s s i o n ,a n d t h e Ce l e b r a t i o n o ft h e
Euc h a r i s t . "
Ife a r t h a t t h e r e i s n o t h i n gt o b e e x pe c t e d fr o m t h e n e w
2 54
SECRET HISTORY OF
THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
A l c ui n Cl ub
l i k e l y i n a n y w a y t o b e n e fi t t h e c a us e o f
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m . It i s a n o r ga n i z a t i o n w h i c h w i l l n e e d
c a r e ful w a t c h i n g,n o r i s i t a t a l l pl e a s a n t t o fi n d t h a t t h e
Bi s h o ps o fOx fo r d ,Sa l i s b ur y ,a n d Ed i n b ur gh ,t h e Pr i n c i pa l
o fo n e o fo ur Th e o l o gi c a l Co l l e ge s ,a n d t h e Pr o fe s s o r i n
a n o t h e r Th e o l o gi c a l Co l l e ge ,h a v e j o i n e d i t . En gl i s h
Ch ur c h m e n w o ul d b e gl a d t o h e a r t h e go o d n e w s o ft h e i r
h a v i n gw i t h d r a w n fr o m i t s r a n k s .
Th e r e a r e m a n y e x t r e m e l y Ri t ua l i s t i c So c i e t i e s o r Gui l d s
o fa m e r e l y l o c a l c h a r a c t e r s c a t t e r e d t h r o ugh o ut t h e
c o un t r y ,w h o s e o b j e c t s a n d o pe r a t i o n s a r e w e l l w o r t h y o f
c o n s i d e r a t i o n
. It w o ul d ,h o w e v e r ,r e qui r e a v o l um e t o d e a l
w i t h t h e m t h o r o ugh l y ,a n d Ife a r t h a t w h e n pr o d uc e d i t
w o ul d n o t b e v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g
. A l l Ic a n d o ,t h e r e fo r e ,
w i t h r e ga r d t o t h e s e l o c a l So c i e t i e s i s t o c a l l a t t e n t i o n
t o a fe w o ft h e m
. Th e " La y m e n 's Ri t ua l In s t i t ut e fo r
No r w i c h ," w h i c h e x i s t e d fo r s e v e r a l y e a r s ,a n d ,fo r a n y t h i n g
Ik n o w t o t h e c o n t r a r y ,m a y b e s t i l l i n e x i s t e n c e ,r e qui r e d
i t s m e m b e r s t o t a k e a n "
o a t h " o ffi d e l i t y ,w h i c h pr o b a b l y
i n c l ud e d t h e s h i e l d i n go fi t s s e c r e t s
. Ih a v e t w o s e c r e t
"
Re po r t s "
o ft h i s In s t i t ut e b e fo r e m e ,v i z
. ,t h o s e fo r 1 87 3
a n d 1 87 5 .
In t h e fo r m e r i t i s a n n o un c e d t h a t -
" Th e r e h a s b e e n a n a c c e s s i o n o fm e m b e r s
; a n d t h e t e s t o f
m e m b e r s h i ph a s b e e n r e m o d e l l e d ,
b y t h e r e qui r e m e n t o fa n OA THfr o m
e a c h c a n d i d a t e ,
a s a b o n d o f fi d e l i t y a n d a d h e r e n c e . "
"
Th e In s t i t ut e ,i n c o n j un c t i o n w i t h o t h e r Ca t h o l i c s o c i e t i e s ,h a s
n o o t h e r w o r k t h a n s t e a d y pe r s e v e r a n c e i n i t s c o ur s e ,a ga i n s t e v e r y
o b s t a c l e o ppo s i n gt h e s pr e a d o f
Ca t h o l i c i s m a n d i t s Ri t ua l ,un t i l s uc h
t i m e a s i t a n d t h e y s h a l l h a v e
s uc c e e d e d i n b a n i s h i n gfo r e v e r fr o m t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
THEBA STA RDFA ITH
o fPr o t e s t a n t i s m . "
4 9
Th e Re po r t fur t h e r a d d e d t h a t t h e In s t i t ut e h a d
c i r c ul a t e d pa pe r s e n t i t l e d ,
De v o ut A c t s i n Ho n o ur o fOur
Bl e s s e d La d y . "
In t h e fo l l o w i n gy e a r a n e ffo r t w a s m a d e
b y s o m e o ft h e m e m b e r s t o s ub s t i t ut e a
" De c l a r a t i o n " fo r
t h e "
Oa t h " h i t h e r t o t a k e n b y n e w m e m b e r s ,b ut o n a
4 9 Re po r t o f
No r w i c h La y m e n 's In s t i t ut e fo r 1 87 3 ,pp
. 4 ,
7 .

6 0 Ib i d . ,p. 5 .
THEREFORM A TIONA " DA M NA BLESPOT. "

2 55
d i v i s i o n t h e pr o po s i t i o n w a s " l o s t b y a l a r ge m a j o r i t y . " "
Th e In s t i t ut e h a d a v e r y gr e a t h a t r e d fo r t h e Re fo r m a t i o n ,
a n d ,i n i t s Re po r t fo r 1 87 5,e x pr e s s e d i t s h a t r e d i n v e r y
v i go r o us l a n gua ge : -
" Pe r h a ps ," i t s a y s ," n o t i n t e n t i o n a l l y ,b ut i n fa c t ,t h e s o -c a l l e d
Re fo r m a t i o n i s a d a r k a n d ,i n s o m e s e n s e ,d a m n a b l e s po t i n o ur
Ch ur c h 's h i s t o r y . "
52
It m a y b e s a i d t h a t t h e w o r k o fa n In s t i t ut e l i k e t h i s
i s a v e r y s m a l l a ffa i r ,n o t w o r t h y o fn o t i c e h e r e
. But i t
i s a go o d o l d pr o v e r b w h i c h e x h o r t s us n e v e r t o " d e s pi s e
t h e d a y o fs m a l l t h i n gs ," w h e t h e r fo r go o d o r e v i l . Th a t
t h i s t e a c h i n gw a s gi v e n a qua r t e r o fa c e n t ur y a go o n l y
pr o v e s h o w w i d e l y t h e e v i l h a d s pr e a d e v e n s o fa r b a c k
a s t h e n . A t t h e pr e s e n t t i m e t h e e v i l h a s gr o w n i m m e n s e l y .
To c o m e c l o s e r t o o ur o w n d a y
.
Wh a t a r e w e t o t h i n k
o ft h e pa r o c h i a l Gui l d s c o n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o f
St . A l ph e ge ,So ut h w a r k ? So m e h o w o r o t h e r ,Ik n o w n o t
h o w ,t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t w h o e d i t e d t h e St . Ge o r ge 's
M a ga z i n e -t h a t i s ,fo r St . Ge o r ge 's Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
Ca t h e d r a l ,So ut h w a r k ,w h i c h i s c l o s e t o St . A l ph e ge -go t
h o l d o fa fe w b o o k s b e l o n gi n gt o t h e m ,a n d e x po s e d t h e m i n
i t s c o l um n s .
" A . l i t t l e b o o k ," w r o t e t h e Ed i t o r ," h a s l a t e l y c o m e i n t o o ur
po s s e s s i o n ,w h i c h w e t h i n k d e s e r v e s a fe w w o r d s o fn o t i c e i n o ur
l o c a l M a ga z i n e . It i s i s s ue d ,i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h o n e o ft h e m a n y
Pr o t e s t a n t 6 3 pl a c e s o fw o r s h i pw i t h w h i c h w e a r e s ur r o un d e d ,b y
a c l e r gy m a n o ft h e Es t a b l i s h e d Ch ur c h .
" It i s c a l l e d t h e ' M a n ua l o fTe r t i a r i e s o ft h e Or d e r o fRe pa r a t i o n
t o °fe s us i n t h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t . ' It c o n t a i n s t h e Rul e s o ft h e
`
Or d e r ,'a ` Li t a n y o fRe pa r a t i o n ,'t h e
Offi c e o fBe n e d i c t i o n , a Li t a n y
o ft h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t ,t h e Li t a n y o fOur La d y , a Li t a n y o ft h e
In c a r n a t i o n ( m a i n l y a d d r e s s e d t o t h e Bl e s s e d Vi r gi n ) ,a n d fo ur t e e n
h y m n s -h a l f o ft h e m a d d r e s s e d t o Our La d y , a n d h a l ft o t h e Bl e s s e d
Sa c r a m e n t . Th e Se v e n Sa c r a m e n t s a r e a c c e pt e d ; l i fe v o w s ( fo r
'Si s t e r s '-pe r h a ps t h e ` Fo un d e r a n d Fa t h e r Supe r i o r 'h a s s o m e
o f
Re po r t fo r 1 87 5,p . 5 .

s s
Ib i d . ,p
. 7 .
53
Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s a l w a y s c a l l t h e Ri t ua l i s t s a n d t h e i r Ch ur c h e s 1 '
Pr o -
t e s t a n t ," t h o ugh i t i s v e r y w e l l k n o w n t h a t t h e Ri t ua l i s t s r e pud i a t e t h e t e r m
.
2 56
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
s pe c i a l r e a s o n fo r s a y i n g` t h e Br o t h e r s c a n n o t t a k e s o l e m n v o w s ')
a r e r e c o gn i z e d ; ` Sa c r a m e n t a l Co n fe s s i o n 'i s e n j o i n e d ,a s w e l l a s
fa s t i n g,` un l e s s d i s pe n s a t i o n b e o b t a i n e d fr o m t h e Supe r i o r ' ; ` m e d a l s
a n d c r o s s e s a r e b l e s s e d a n d s pr i n k l e d w i t h Ho l y Wa t e r ' ; t h e ` Ha i l
M a r y 'i s pr e s c r i b e d
; c e r t a i n pr a y e r s a r e gi v e n t o b e ` s a i d a t M a s s
a ft e r t h e Ca n o n . ' . . . M r . Go ul d e n 's Te r t i a r i e s s i n g : -
" ` Q ue e n o fHe a v e n ,Q ue e n o fe a r t h ,
M i s t r e s s o ft h e Ch ur c h o fCh r i s t ,
M o t h e r o fo ur s e c o n d b i r t h -
Pr a y fo r us ,0 M o t h e r d e a r ,'
" o r i n v o k e h e r i n w o r d s m o r e fa m i l i a r a n d d e a r t o us ,a s ` Vi r gi n
m o s t po w e r ful ,'` Vi r gi n m o s t m e r c i ful ,'` Ca us e o fo ur j o y ,'a n d
` Ga t e o fHe a v e n . ' "
54
Ipo s s e s s t w o o t h e r Gui l d b o o k s us e d a t St . A l ph e ge ,
So ut h w a r k
. On e o ft h e m i s t h e M a n ua l o ft h e Ch ur c h
Co n fr a t e r n i t y . Wh e n Iw a s l a s t i n t h a t Ch ur c h Is a w a
n o t i c e po s t e d up,i n v e r y l a r ge l e t t e r s ,i n s i d e t h e b ui l d i n g,
a n n o un c i n gt h a t n o pe r s o n w o ul d b e c o n s i d e r e d a s a m e m -
b e r o ft h e c o n gr e ga t i o n ,w h o h a d n o t j o i n e d t h e
" Ch ur c h
Co n fr a t e r n i t y . " Ofc o ur s e i n t h i s w a y a k i n d o fm o r a l
c o m pul s i o n i s put upo n t h e pa r i s h i o n e r s t o j o i n t h e Co n -
fr a t e r n i t y . On o pe n i n gt h e M a n ua l I fi n d t h a t a l l m e m b e r s
" m us t o b s e r v e t h e r ul e o ft h e Ch ur c h [w h a t Ch ur c h ?] a n d
Co m m un i c a t e e v e r y Sun d a y fa s t i n g . "
55
Be fo r e b e i n ga d -
m i t t e d i n t o t h e Co n fr a t e r n i t y i t i s r e qui r e d t h a t " e v e r y
m e m b e r s h a l l m a k e a n o pe n pr o fe s s i o n o fb e l i e f
i n t h e
Ca t h o l i c a n d A po s t o l i c Re l i gi o n "
51
i n t h e pr e s e n c e o ft h e
Vi c a r o ft h e pa r i s h . He m us t pr o fe s s t h a t h e b e l i e v e s
" t h a t t h e r e a r e t r ul y a n d pr o pe r l y Se v e n Sa c r a m e n t s i n s t i -
t ut e d b y Ch r i s t "
57 ,
t h o ugh A r t i c l e XXV. d e c l a r e s t h a t fi v e
o ft h e s e s e v e n " a r e n o t t o b e c o un t e d fo r Sa c r a m e n t s o ft h e
Go s pe l . " Th e m e m b e r s m us t a l s o pr o fe s s t h a t i n " t h e
Gr e a t Euc h a r i s t i c Sa c r i fi c e " w e " o b t a i n Hi s Gr a c e fo r
o ur s e l v e s a n d t h e w h o l e w o r l d ,pa r d o n fo r a l l o ur s i n s ,a n d
t h a t t h e fa i t h ful d e pa r t e d m a y r e s t i n pe a c e s a fe i n t h e
54
St . Ge o r ge 's 1 Ia ga z i n e ,J un e ,1 Sgo ,pp . 1 4 5,1 4 6
.
s s Ch ur c h Co n fr a t e r n i t y ,p . 5 .
56 Ib i d . ,p . 5.

6 7 Ib i d . ,p . 6 .
ST. A LPHEGE,
SOUTHWA RX.

2 57
a r m s o fJ e s us
" ; 58 a n d t h e y a l s o d e c l a r e t h a t
" i n t h a t m o s t
Ho l y Sa c r a m e n t o ft h e Euc h a r i s t t h e r e i s v e r i l y a n d i n d e e d
t h e t r ue Bo d y a n d Bl o o d o fCh r i s t ,a n d t h a t un d e r e i t h e r
k i n d a l o n e J e s us i s r e c e i v e d w h o l e a n d e n t i r e . " b 9 Iw o n d e r
d o e s t h e Bi s h o po fRo c h e s t e r k n o w a l l t h a t i s go i n go n
i n St
. A l ph e ge ,So ut h w a r k ?He w e n t d o w n r e c e n t l y t o
c o n s e c r a t e t h e c h ur c h ,a n d s po k e i n t h e h i gh e s t t e r m s o f
t h e w o r k b e i n gc a r r i e d o n t h e r e
. Iw o n d e r d i d h e l o o k i n t o
t h e s pe c i a l h y m n b o o k ,c o pi e s o fw h i c h a r e pl a c e d i n e v e r y
s e a t i n t h e c h ur c h
? He w o ul d h a v e fo un d a l a r ge n um b e r
o ft h e m a d d r e s s e d t o t h e Vi r gi n a n d t h e Sa i n t s
. Ough t
n o t t h i s Po pi s h b o o k t o h a v e b e e n s w e pt o ut o ft h e Ch ur c h
fo r e v e r ,a s a n e s s e n t i a l c o n d i t i o n o fc o n s e c r a t i o n
? A r e t h e
Bi s h o ps t o b e t h e l a s t pe r s o n s i n t h e i r d i o c e s e s t o fi n d o ut
w h a t t h e i r c l e r gy a r e d o i n g ?
A n o t h e r Gui l d i n t h e pa r i s h o fSt
. A l ph e ge ,So ut h w a r k ,i s
" Th e Gui l d o ft h e Sa c r e d He a r t o fJ e s us . " It s a n n ua l
c o m m e m o r a t i o n i s k e pt " o n t h e Sun d a y a ft e r t h e Fe a s t o f
t h e Sa c r e d He a r t o fj e s us . " 6 0
Th i s i s ,a s i s w e l l k n o w n ,a
Fe a s t i n h o n o ur o fa pr a c t i c e i n t r o d uc e d b y t h e J e s ui t s ,fo r
t h e pur po s e o fw o r s h i ppi n gt h e m a t e r i a l h e a r t o fo ur Lo r d .
Th i s Gui l d i s fo r " b o y s o fgo o d c h a r a c t e r un d e r t w e n t y y e a r s
o fa ge ," w h o a r e e x pe c t e d " To r e c e i v e t h e m o s t Ho l y Sa c r a -
m e n t ( fa s t i n g) e v e r y Sun d a y ,a n d t o go t o Co n fe s s i o n o n c e a
m o n t h . " 81 Th e y h a v e gi v e n t o t h e m a " Li s t o fTh i n gs t o
b e Re m e m b e r e d ," w h i c h i s a s fo l l o w s : -
" Th e s i gn o ft h e Cr o s s s h o ul d b e m a d e b e fo r e a n d a ft e r pr a y e r s ,a t
a b s o l ut i o n s a n d b l e s s i n gs .
" In pa s s i n ga n A l t a r a b o w s h o ul d b e m a d e .
" Bo y s ,w h e n t h e y c o m m un i c a t e ,m us t ge n ufl e c t b e fo r e go i n gupt o
t h e A l t a r t o c o m m un i c a t e .
" A t t h e Co n s e c r a t i o n ,i m m e d i a t e l y t h e Sa n c t us Be l l r i n gs ,e v e r y -
b o d y s h o ul d b o w d o w n a n d w o r s h i pJ e s us ,Wh o i s t h e n
pr e s e n t o n
t h e A l t a r , un d e r t h e Fo r m o f Br e a d a n d Wi n e
. " 6 2
°6
Ib i d . ,p .
7 .

59
Ib i d . ,p . 7 .
6 0 S. A l ph e ge ,So ut h w a r k ,t h e Gui l d o ft h e Sa c r e d He a r t o f . 7 e s us ,p
. 4 -
4 1
Ib i d . ,p . 5.

a
Ib i d . ,p . 9 .
I7
2 5S
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
In t h e " Fo r m o fRe c e pt i o n " us e d fo r t h e " Gui l d o fSt .
J o h n t h e Ev a n ge l i s t ," i n t h e pa r i s h o fSt . A l b a n 's ,Ho l b o r n ,
a n d " Pr i v a t e l y Pr i n t e d fo r t h e Gui l d ," i t i s o r d e r e d t h a t ,
a ft e r c e r t a i n pr a y e r s h a v e b e e n o ffe r e d : -
" Th e Pr i e s t t h e n s pr i n k l e s t h e Co l l a r s ,Cr o s s e s ,a n d Ca n d l e s w i t h
Ho l y Wa t e r ,a n d i n c e n s e s t h e m . Th o s e w h o a r e a b o ut t o b e a d m i t t e d
t h e n c o m e upt o t h e A l t a r . " B 3
A n o t h e r Gui l d a t St . A l b a n 's ,Ho l b o r n ,i s k n o w n s i m pl y
a s " Th e Pe r s e v e r a n c e . "
On e o ft h e Rul e s i s
"
To b e
pr e s e n t a t t h e Ho l y Sa c r i fi c e e v e r y Sun d a y
. "
6 4
A s a
t e m pt a t i o n t o j o i n t h e Gui l d i t i s s t a t e d t h a t -
" A t t h e d e a t h o fa n y M e m b e r a s pe c i a l Fun e r a l M a s s
w i l l b e s a i d
fo r t h e r e po s e o fh i s s o ul . "
6 5
Th e m e m b e r s o f " Th e Co n fr a t e r n i t y o fA l l Sa i n t s ,"
M a r ga r e t St r e e t ,Lo n d o n ,a r e " gi r l s a n d y o un gw o m e n
o n l y . " In t h e i r M a n ua l
t h e y a r e i n s t r uc t e d t h a t " Spe c i a l
Co n fe s s i o n o fo ur s i n s i s a l s o a v e r y b l e s s e d h e l pa n d
pr i v i l e ge t o m a n y Ch r i s t i a n s r e a l l y t r y i n gt o l e a d a h o l y
l i fe . " " On e o ft h e pr i v i l e ge s w h i c h t h e m e m b e r s e n j o y i s
t h us d e s c r i b e d : -" In c a s e o ft h e m a r r i a ge ( i f
a ppr o v e d b y
t h e Si s t e r Supe r i o r ) , t o h e l ph e r i n h e r s e t t l e m e n t . " 6 7 Ia m
a fr a i d t h e Si s t e r Supe r i o r w o ul d n o t gi v e h e r a ppr o v a l i fo n e
o ft h e m e m b e r s w i s h e d t o m a r r y a Pr o t e s t a n t Ch ur c h m a n .
A Gui l d l i k e t h i s m us t n e c e s s a r i l y h a v e a po w e r ful i n fl ue n c e
o v e r t h e gi r l s w h o b e l o n gt o i t .
" Th e Ra i l w a y Gui l d o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s " i s fo r m e n
e m pl o y e d o n Ra i l w a y s . It h a s a b o d y o f " Cl e r i c a l A s s o c i -
a t e s " a t t a c h e d t o i t ,m o s t l y e x t r e m e Ri t ua l i s t s . It h a s a l s o
Wo m e n A s s o c i a t e s ; b ut i t i s a r ul e t h a t t h e i r " n a m e s a r e
n o t fo r pub l i c a t i o n . "
6 8
Th e r e i s a s l i gh t l e a v e n o fPo pe r y i n
t h i s Gui l d ,fo r Ifi n d i n i t s M a n ua l t h a t "
Th e Cr o s s e s ,w i t h
6 3 Gui l d o fSt . j o h n t h e Ev a n ge l i s t ,p . 1 8 . A c r o s s t h e t o po ft h e t i t l e pa ge ,i n
o r d i n a r y t y pe ,i s pr i n t e d t h e w o r d s , " No t t o b e t a k e n a w a y
. "
6 4
M a n ua l o ft h e Pe r s e v e r a n c e ,p . 9 . " Pr i v a t e l y Pr i n t e d . " fi 5 Ib i d . ,p . To .
6 6
M a n ua l o ft h e Co n fr a t e r n i t y o fA l l Sa i n t s ,p . i o .
6 7 Ib i d . ,p . 4 .
6 8
M a n ua l o ft h e Ra i l w a y Gui l d o f t h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,p . 2 4 ,
A WA RNINGTOPA RENTS.

2 59
t h e i r Co r d s ,b e i n gpl a c e d upo n t h e A l t a r ,o r h e l d b y o n e
o ft h e Br e t h r e n , s h a l l b e b l e s s e d b y t h e Pr i e s t ,"
6 s
t h o ugh w h a t
go o d t h a t w i l l d o t h e Cr o s s e s a n d Co r d s t h e M a n ua l d o e s
n o t r e v e a l . Th e pr i e s t i s t o b l e s s t h e m b y s a y i n g
: -" Bl e + s s ,
OLo r d ,w e b e s e e c h Th e e ,a n d s a n e . -t i fy t h e s e Cr o s s e s ,
w h i c h w e b l e s s i n l o v e a n d h o n o ur o fTh y Gl o r i o us
Cr o
:
s s . " 7 0
Th e s e a r e b ut a fe w s pe c i m e n s o ut o fa n i n n um e r a b l e
b o d y o fGui l d s s c a t t e r e d a l l o v e r t h e c o un t r y ,w h e r e t h e
pa r i s h i s i n Ri t ua l i s t i c h a n d s . A l l t h e s e a r e n o t e qua l l y
a d v a n c e d i n a Ro m e w a r d d i r e c t i o n ; b ut w h a t Ih a v e
quo t e d m a y s e r v e t o s h o w m y r e a d e r s o n e o ft h e m o s t
po w e r ful m e a n s b y w h i c h t h e c o un t r y i s b e i n gl e a v e n e d w i t h
Ri t ua l i s m . A l l Gui l d s a r e n o t s e c r e t ; b ut i n a l l c a s e s t h e y
e n a b l e t h e l o c a l c l e r gy t o i m pa r t pr i v a t e l y t o t h e m e m b e r s ,i n
c o n fi d e n c e a n d s a fe t y ,Hi gh Ch ur c h n o t i o n s o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
h e r Sa c r a m e n t s ,Or d e r s ,a n d Do c t r i n e . Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
pa r e n t s s h o ul d k e e pa w a t c h ful e y e o v e r t h e i r y o un gs o n s
a n d d a ugh t e r s ,l e s t t h e y s h o ul d j o i n a n y Gui l d w h i c h d o e s
n o t w o r k o n l i n e s t h a t a r e l o y a l t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
.
Th e Gui l d M o v e m e n t o ft h e pr e s e n t d a y h e l ps gr e a t l y t h e
s o -c a l l e d
" Ca t h o l i c i s i n g" o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,w h i c h
i s e s s e n t i a l a s a pr e l i m i n a r y w o r k ,i n pr e pa r i n gt h e w a y fo r
Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e .
"
Ib i d . ,p .
1 5-

SC
Ib i d . ,p . ' 5 .
CHA PTERIX.
THEROM EWA RDM OVEM ENT.
Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e d e s i r e d -No t i n d i v i d ua l Se c e s s i o n -Th e
r e a s o n fo r t h i s po l i c y -Ho w t o " Ca t h o l i c i s e " t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m a h i n d r a n c e t o Re un i o n -Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e t h e ul t i m a t e
o b j e c t o ft h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t -Ne w m a n a n d Fr o ud e v i s i t Wi s e m a n
a t Ro m e -Th e y i n qui r e fo r t e r m s o fa d m i s s i o n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e -
Se c r e t Re c e pt i o n s i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e -Gr o w t h o fNe w m a n 's l o v e
fo r Ro m e -Ne w m a n w a n t s " m o r e Ve s t m e n t s a n d d e c o r a t i o n s i n w o r s h i p"
-Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d : " Th e J e s ui t s w e r e h i s fa v o ur i t e r e a d i n g " -
Pub l i c a t i o n o fTr a c t XC . -M r . Da l ga i r n s 'l e t t e r t o t h e Un i v e r s -Se c r e t
n e go t i a t i o n s w i t h Dr
. Wi s e m a n -On l y t h r o ugh t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
c a n y o u( Ro m e ) a c t o n t h e En gl i s h n a t i o n " -Ke b l e h o pe s t h a t y e a r n i n g
a ft e r Ro m e " w i l l b e a l l o w e d t o ga i n s t r e n gt h " -M r . Gl a d s t o n e o n t h e
Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t -He h o pe s t h o s e " e x c e l l e n t pe r s o n s " w h o l o v e
a l l Ro m a n d o c t r i n e w i l l " a b i d e i n t h e Ch ur c h " -" Th e Id e a l o f
a Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h " -Dr . Pus e y 's e ul o gy o ft h e J e s ui t s c e n s ur e d b y
Dr . Ho o k -M r
. Gl a d s t o n e 's a r t i c l e i n t h e
Q ua r t e r l y Re v i e w -Pus e y h o pe s
"
Ro m e a n d En gl a n d w i l l b e un i t e d i n o n e " -Pus e y a s k s fo r
" m o r e l o v e
fo r Ro m e " -He pr a i s e s t h e " s upe r i o r i t y " o fRo m a n t e a c h i n g-Pus e y
b e l i e v e s i n Pur ga t o r y a n d In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s -He " fo r b i d s " h i s
pe n i t e n t s t o i n v o k e t h e Sa i n t s -M a n n i n g's r e m a r k a b l e l e t t e r t o Pus e y -
M a n n i n g's v i s i t t o Ro m e i n 1 84 8-Kn e e l s i n t h e s t r e e t b e fo r e t h e Po pe -
Hi s d o ub l e d e a l i n gi n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -Th e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
Ra m b l e r o n t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t .
T
HEgr e a t o b j e c t o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c M o v e m e n t fr o m i t s
v e r y b i r t h ,i n 1 83 3 ,w a s t h a t o f Co r po r a t e Re un i o n
w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . Th e w i r e pul l e r s h a v e
a l w a y s b e e n o ppo s e d t o i n d i v i d ua l
s e c e s s i o n ,n o t s o m uc h o n
t h e gr o un d t h a t i t w a s a t h i n ge v i l i n i t s e l f,b ut b e c a us e i t s
t e n d e n c y w a s t o pr e v e n t t h e r e a l i z a t i o n o ft h e i r l a r ge r
s c h e m e s . A s fa r b a c k a s 1 86 7 a l e a d i n gqua r t e r l y o ft h e
a d v a n c e d Ri t ua l i s t s d e c l a r e d t h a t ,i n s t e a d o fs e c e d i n gt o
Ro m e , "
i t w o ul d b e m uc h b e t t e r fo r us t o r e m a i n w o r k i n g
w h e r e w e a r e -fo r w h a t w o ul d b e c o m e o fEn gl a n d i fw e
HOW ENGLA NDCA NBECA THOLICISED
.

2 6 1
[Ri t ua l i s t s ] w e r e t o l e a v e h e r Ch ur c h ? Sh e w o ul d b e
s i m pl y l o s t t o Ca t h o l i c i s m . . . De pe n d upo n i t ,i t i s o n l y
t h r o ugh t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h i t s e l ft h a t En gl a n d c a n b e
Ca t h o l i c i s e d . " I
Th e s a m e a r t i c l e ,r e fe r r i n gt o t h i s
c o r po r a t e a n d v i s i b l e un i t y w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,
d e c l a r e d : -
" He r e y o uh a v e t h e r e a l h e a r t a n d s o ul o ft h e pr e s e n t M o v e m e n t ;
t h i s i s t h e c e n t r e fr o m w h i c h i t s pul s a t i o n s v i b r a t e ,
a n d fr o m w h i c h i t s
l i fe -b l o o d fl o w s . " 2
A s fa r b a c k a s J un e 1 3 t h ,1 882 ,a t t h e a n n ua l m e e t i n g
o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,i t s Pr e s i d e n t ,
d e c l a r e d t h a t c o r po r a t e r e un i o n " i s t h e c r o w n a n d c o m -
pl e t i o n o ft h a t gr e a t M o v e m e n t w h i c h h a s t r a n s fo r m e d t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d " ; 3 a n d l i e h a s r e pe a t e d t h e a s s e r t i o n
m a n y t i m e s s i n c e
. But i n o r d e r t o t h e r e a l i z a t i o n o Ss uc h a
r e un i o n i t i s fi r s t o fa l l n e c e s s a r y t o m a k e t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d l o o k a s m uc h l i k e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e a s po s s i b l e .
"
A Co l o n i a l Pr i e s t " o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y ,w r i t i n gt o t h e
Ch ur c h Re v i e w , o fSe pt e m b e r 2 1 s t ,1 888,r e m a r k e d : -
"
It s e e m s t o m e ut t e r l y pr e m a t ur e t o c o n s i d e r r e un i o n ,e s pe c i a l l y
w i t h t h e gr e a t Pa t r i a r c h a l Se e o ft h e We s t [Ro m e ]a s w i t h i n e v e n
d i s t a n t pr o b a b i l i t y ,un t i l t h e A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n a s a w h o l e i s
Ca t h o l i c i s e d .
Th e r e l i e s o ur w o r k . . . Th e r e fo r e ,l e t e v e r y o n e ,
w h i l e pr a y i n gd a i l y fo r r e un i o n ,r e m e m b e r t h a t t h e s ur e s t w a y t o
a c c o m pl i s h i t i s b y w o r k i n gt o w a r d s
t h e pur i fi c a t i o n o fo ur o w n
b r a n c h o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h . "
A c c o r d i n gt o t h e o pi n i o n o fs o m e o ft h e s e ge n t l e m e n t h e
Re fo r m e d Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d i s n o t s uffi c i e n t l y r e s pe c t a b l e ,
a t pr e s e n t ,fo r t h e Po pe t o h a v e h e r ,e v e n a s a pr e s e n t .
Sh e fi r s t n e e d s
" pur i fi c a t i o n " fr o m Pr o t e s t a n t i s m . In a
v o l um e ,w i t h a n In t r o d uc t o r y Es s a y b y Dr
. Pus e y ,o n e o f
t h e w r i t e r s v e r y fr a n k l y d e c l a r e d t h a t -
" Th e fi r s t gr e a t h i n d r a n c e t h a t i s b e fo r e us a r i s e s fr o m t h e
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m o fEn gl a n d
. Ti l l t h i s i s r e m o v e d ,t h e Re un i o n o fo ur
1 Un i o n Re v i e w ,
Vo l um e fo r 1 86 7 ,p . 4 1 0 .

1 Ib i d . ,p . 3 9 8.
3 Se e o ffi c i a l
r e po r t o ft h i s s pe e c h ,pub l i s h e d b y t h e E . C . U. ,p . 1 3 .
2 6 2 SECRET HISTORY OF THE
OXFORD M IOVEM ENT.
Ch ur c h ,a s t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,w i t h e i t h e r t h e Gr e e k ,o r La t i n
Ch ur c h e s ,i s a b s o l ut e l y h o pe l e s s . " 4
M a y Go d gr a n t t h a t t h i s " gr e a t h i n d r a n c e " m a y e v e r
r e m a i n t o r e pe l t h e m a c h i n a t i o n s o ft h e t r a i t o r s t o o ur
s pi r i t ua l l i b e r t i e s !
Th e r e un i o n s c h e m e s o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s w e r e a t fi r s t k e pt
a pr o fo un d s e c r e t fr o m a l l b ut t h e i n i t i a t e d . In t h i s ,a s i n
s o m a n y o t h e r m a t t e r s ; t h e l e a d e r s c l e v e r l y pr a c t i s e d t h e i r
d o c t r i n e o f " Re s e r v e . " So w e l l w a s t h e s e c r e t k e pt t h a t
fo r s e v e r a l y e a r s t h e i r pr o c e e d i n gs w e r e a gr e a t puz z l e e v e n
t o m a n y Ro m a n pr i e s t s . Th e Ho n . a n d Re v . Ge o r ge
Spe n c e r ,a pr o m i n e n t pr i e s t ,a n d s o n o fa n En gl i s h pe e r ,
w a s o n e o ft h e s e puz z l e d o n e s fo r a t i m e ; b ut a t l a s t h e
b e c a m e e n l i gh t e n e d . In a l e t t e r t o t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
Un i v e y s , o fPa r i s ,i n 1 84 1 ,h e w r o t e : -
" In d e e d ,qui t e l a t e l y Is t i l l h e l d t o t h e i d e a ,t h a t ,i n a s h o r t t i m e ,
w e s h o ul d s e e t h e m [t h e Tr a c t a r i a n s ]pr e pa r e d t o qui t t h e i r Ch ur c h
i n c o n s i d e r a b l e n um b e r s ,a n d un i t e w i t h us i n l a b o ur i n gt o e ffe c t t h e
c o n v e r s i o n o ft h e i r b r e t h r e n ; b ut t h e n e a r e r t h e a ppr o a c h e s t h e y
m a k e t o Ca t h o l i c s e n t i m e n t s ,t h e m o r e r e s o l v e d t h e y a ppe a r t o b e t o
r e c t i fy t h e i r po s i t i o n -n o t b y qui t t i n gt h e v e s s e l [t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ],a s i ft h e y d e s pa i r e d o fi t s s a fe t y , b ut b y gui d i n gi t t o ge t h e r
w i t h t h e m s e l v e s i n t o t h e h a r b o ur o fs a fe t y " [
t h a t i s ,i n t o t h e Ch ur c h
o fRo m e ] . I
Th i s l e a v e n i n go ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w i t h s o -c a l l e d
" Ca t h o l i c " pr i n c i pl e s a n d pr a c t i c e s -i n o t h e r w o r d s ,t h e
i n fus i o n i n t o h e r s y s t e m o fm o r e o r l e s s o fPo pe r y -
c o m m e n c e d w i t h t h e Tr a c t a r i a n M o v e m e n t ,i n 1 83 3 ,a n d h a s
b e e n go i n go n e v e r s i n c e
. Ye t ,e v e n n o w ,i t a ppe a r s t h a t w e
a r e n o t ,a s a Ch ur c h ,d e c e n t e n o ugh fo r t h e Po pe t o a c c e pt
us a s a pr e s e n t . A t t h e No r w i c h Ch ur c h Co n gr e s s ,Oc t o b e r ,
1 89 5,a Ri t ua l i s t i c c l e r gy m a n s a i d : -" Th e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
i s n o t fi t fo r c o m m un i o n w i t h e i t h e r t h e Ea s t e r n Ch ur c h o r
t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e .
We a r e n o t go o d e n o ugh fo r t h e m
. "
s
In
4 Es s a y o n Re un i o n ,p . 89 .
6 Q uo t e d i n Br i c k n e l l 's j ud gm e n t o ft h e Bi s h o ps upo n Tr a c t a r i a n
Th e o l o gy ,
p . 6 81 .
6 En gl i s h Ch ur c h m a n , Oc t o b e r 1 7 t h ,1 89 5,F
. 7 0 6 .
NEWM A N A ND FROUDE VISIT ROM E.

2 6 3
t h i s l e a v e n i n gpr o c e s s ,a s w e l l a s i n t h e c a r r y i n go ut o ft h e
ul t i m a t e o b j e c t o ft h e M o v e m e n t ,gr e a t " Re s e r v e i n c o m -
m un i c a t i n gRe l i gi o us Kn o w l e d ge " w a s o b s e r v e d .
M uc h o ft h a t w h i c h i n t h e e a r l y h i s t o r y o fTr a c t a r i a n i s m
w a s k e pt a pr o fo un d s e c r e t ,h a s s i n c e b e e n m a d e pub l i c
t h r o ugh t h e b i o gr a ph i e s o fs o m e o ft h e pr i n c i pa l a c t o r s
. In
t h e " Li v e s " o ft h e s e m e n a r e n o w t o b e r e a d t h e i r m o s t
c o n fi d e n t i a l c o m m un i c a t i o n s o n e w i t h t h e o t h e r ,i n w h i c h
t h e i r l o v e o fPo pi s h d o c t r i n e s ,a n d t h e i r d e s i r e fo r Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e ,a ppe a r i n t h e c l e a r e s t po s s i b l e l i gh t .
By t h e a i d o ft h i s l i gh t i t m a y b e us e ful t o t r a c e t h e gr a d ua l
pr o gr e s s o ft h i s Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t .
Th e l a t e Ca r d i n a l Ne w m a n s t a t e d t h a t h e e v e r c o n s i d e r e d
t h e 1 4 t h o fJ ul y " a s t h e s t a r t o ft h e r e l i gi o us M o v e m e n t o f
1 83 3 . " A fe w m o n t h s b e fo r e t h a t d a t e , Ne w m a n ,i n
c o m pa n y w i t h h i s fr i e n d ,Ri c h a r d Hur r e l l Fr o ud e ,w h i l e
t r a v e l l i n go n t h e Co n t i n e n t ,h a d v i s i t e d M o n s i gn o r ( s ub -
s e que n t l y
Ca r d i n a l ) Wi s e m a n
a t Ro m e . " We go t
i n t r o d uc e d t o h i m ," w r o t e Fr o ud e , " t o fi n d o ut w h e t h e r
t h e y w o ul d t a k e us i n [i . e . , t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ]o n a n y
t e r m s t o w h i c h w e c o ul d t w i s t o ur c o n s c i e n c e s ,a n d w e
fo un d t o o ur d i s m a y t h a t n o t o n e s t e pc o ul d b e ga i n e d
w i t h o ut s w a l l o w i n gt h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t a s a w h o l e . '
1 7
Wh i l e o n t h i s j o ur n e y Ne w m a n fe l l s e r i o us l y i l l w i t h a fe v e r
.
On h i s r e c o v e r y h e d e c i d e d t o r e t ur n a t o n c e t o En gl a n d
.
Wh i l e i n a w e a k c o n d i t i o n ,a n d b e fo r e s t a r t i n g,h e t e l l s us
"
Is a t d o w n o n m y b e d ,a n d b e ga n t o s o b v i o l e n t l y
. M y
s e r v a n t ,w h o h a d a c t e d a s m y n ur s e ,a s k e d w h a t a i l e d m e
.
Ic o ul d o n l y a n s w e r h i m : ` I h a v e a w o r k t o d o i n
En gl a n d . "
8
Wh a t t h a t w o r k w a s w e n o w k n o w ful l w e l l
.
It w a s t h a t o fRo m a n i z i n gt h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d .
Wi t h r e fe r e n c e t o t h i s r e m a r k a b l e v i s i t t o Ro m e ,t h e Re v .
Wi l l i a m Pa l m e r ,w h o fo r t e n y e a r s w a s o n e o ft h e fo r e m o s t
l e a d e r s o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n
M o v e m e n t ( b ut s ub s e que n t l y
7
Fr o ud e 's Re m a i n s ,Vo l . I . ,p . 3 0 6 .
1 1 Ne w m a n 's A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a Sn a ,p . 3 5 . Ed i t i o n ,i SS9 .
2 6 4 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
r e t i r e d fr o m i t o n
a c c o un t o fi t s Ro m a n i z i n gt e n d e n c i e s ) ,
a n d w h o w a s t h e i n t i m a t e fr i e n d o fNe w m a n a n d Hur r e l l
Fr o ud e ,t e l l s us t h a t " Fr o ud e h a d w i t h Ne w m a n b e e n
a n x i o us t o a s c e r t a i n t h e t e r m s upo n w h i c h t h e y c o ul d b e
a d m i t t e d t o Co m m un i o n b y t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h ,
s uppo s i n g
t h a t s o m e d i s pe n s a t i o n m i gh t b e gr a n t e d w h i c h w o ul d e n a b l e t h e m
t o c o m m un i c a t e w i t h Ro m e w i t h o ut v i o l a t i o n o fc o n s c i e n c e . " s
M r
. Pa l m e r a d d s t h a t t h i s v i s i t t o Ro m e w a s un k n o w n t o t h e
fr i e n d s o fNe w m a n ,a n d t h a t i ft i e ( M r . Pa l m e r ) h a d k n o w n
a b o ut t h e s e c i r c um s t a n c e s ,i t i s a que s t i o n " w h e t h e r h e s h o ul d
h a v e b e e n a b l e t o c o -o pe r a t e c o r d i a l l y w i t h h i m . " " Na y ,"
w r i t e s M r . Pa l m e r , " i fIh a d s uppo s e d h i m w i l l i n gt o fo r s a k e
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,Is h o ul d h a v e s a i d t h a t Ic o ul d i n
t h a t c a s e h a v e h e l d n o c o m m un i o n w i t h h i m . " 1 0
It m us t b e
a d m i t t e d t h a t t h e r e w a s s o m e t h i n gv e r y s us pi c i o us i n t h us
k e e pi n gs e c r e t fr o m e v e n t h e i r m o s t i n t i m a t e fr i e n d s s uc h a
v e r y i m po r t a n t v i s i t .
M r . Pa l m e r fur t h e r s t a t e s t h a t
" Ne w m a n a n d Fr o ud e h a d
c o n s ul t e d a t Ro m e ( w i t h Dr . Wi s e m a n ) upo n t h e fe a s i b i l i t y
o fb e i n gr e c e i v e d a s En gl i s h Ch ur c h m e n i n t o t h e Pa pa l
Co m m un i o n ,r e t a i n i n gt h e i r d o c t r i n e s . " 1 1 Th i s s t a t e m e n t ,
h o w e v e r ,w a s d e n i e d b y Ca r d i n a l Ne w m a n ,i n a n o t e d a t e d
Oc t o b e r 1 1 t h ,1 883 ,a t t a c h e d t o h i s Vi a M e d i a ,Vo l . II. ,
P . 4 3 3
. Ed i t i o n 1 8gz . Ne w m a n t h e r e i n s a y s t h a t
: -" Ift h i s
m e a n s t h a t Hur r e l l Fr o ud e a n d It h o ugh t o fb e i n gr e c e i v e d
i n t o t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h w h i l e w e s t i l l r e m a i n e d o ut w a r d l y
pr o fe s s i n gt h e d o c t r i n e a n d t h e c o m m un i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,Iut t e r l y d e n y a n d pr o t e s t a ga i n s t s o c a l um n i o us a
s t a t e m e n t
. Suc h a n i d e a n e v e r e n t e r e d i n t o o ur h e a d s
. I
c a n s pe a k fo r m y s e l f,a n d ,a s fa r a s o n e m a n c a n s pe a k fo r
a n o t h e r ,Ic a n a n s w e r fo r m y d e a r fr i e n d a l s o
. " No w t h i s
s t a t e m e n t o fNe w m a n 's i n t h e c a s e o fa n y o r d i n a r y m a n o f
po s i t i o n w o ul d b e c o n s i d e r e d a s c o n c l us i v e ,b ut i n h i s c a s e
i t i s n o t s o ,a n d fo r t h i s r e a s o n : -In h i s n o t e o n "
Ly i n g
9
Pa l m e r 's Na r r a t i v e o fEv e n t s Co n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Tr a c t s
fo r t h e Ti m e s ,p . 4 0 .
Ed i t i o n ,1 883 .

1 0 Ib i d . ,p . 4 0 .

1 1
It i d . ,p . 7 3 .
NEWM A N ON LYING.

2 6 5
a n d Equi v o c a t i o n ," a t t a c h e d
t o
h i s
A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a
Sua ,
Ne w m a n w r i t e s : -" Fo r m y s e l f,Ic a n fa n c y m y s e l f
t h i n k i n gi t w a s a l l o w a b l e i n e x t r e m e c a s e s fo r m e t o l i e ,b ut
n e v e r t o e qui v o c a t e . " 1 2 A n d a ga i n h e w r i t e s i n t h e
s a m e n o t e
: -" A s e c r e t i s a m o r e d i ffi c ul t c a s e
. Sup-
po s i n gs o m e t h i n gh a s b e e n c o n fi d e d t o m e i n t h e s t r i c t e s t
s e c r e c y , w h i c h c o ul d n o t b e r e v e a l e d w i t h o ut gr e a t d i s -
a d v a n t a ge t o a n o t h e r ,w h a t a m It o d o ? IfIa m a l a w y e r ,
Ia m pr o t e c t e d b y m y pr o fe s s i o n . Ih a v e a r i gh t t o t r e a t
w i t h e x t r e m e i n d i gn a t i o n a n y que s t i o n w h i c h t r e n c h e s o n t h e
i n v i o l a b i l i t y o fm y po s i t i o n ; b ut ,s uppo s i n gIw a s d r i v e n upi n t o
a c o r n e r [a s Ne w m a n c e r t a i n l y w a s b y Pa l m e r 's s t a t e m e n t ],
It h i n k Is h o ul d h a v e a r i gh t t o
s a y a n un t r ut h . " 1 3 Ifs uc h a
t h i n gh a ppe n e d a s t h a t w h i c h M r . Pa l m e r r e l a t e s ,t h e n i t
w o ul d c e r t a i n l y b e " a gr e a t d i s a d v a n t a ge " t o t h e m e m o r y
o fHur r e l l Fr o ud e ,a s w e l l a s t o h i m s e l f,i fNe w m a n
" r e v e a l e d " t h e t r ut h a b o ut s uc h a n un d e r h a n d pr o c e e d i n g ;
a n d t h e r e fo r e ,i n s uc h a c a s e ( a s s um i n gi t o n l y t o e x i s t ) ,
Ne w m a n w o ul d fe e l t h a t h e h a d "
a r i gh t t o s a y a n
un t r ut h " w h e n " d r i v e n i n t o a c o r n e r . " It i s e v i d e n t ,
t h e r e fo r e ,t h a t Ne w m a n 's d e n i a l d o e s n o t s e t t l e t h i s i m po r -
t a n t que s t i o n .
Lo r d Te i gn m o ut h ,i n h i s Re m i n i s c e n c e s , m e n t i o n s a
r e m a r k a b l e c a s e o fa d i s pe n s a t i o n ,gi v e n w i t h Epi s c o pa l
s a n c t i o n ,t o a pe r v e r t t o Po pe r y . He s a y s : -
IIs a w t h e c o n d i t i o n s o n w h i c h a l a d y ,n e a r l y r e l a t e d t o
a n i n t i m a t e
fr i e n d o fm i n e ,a Sc o t c h Ba r o n e t ,h a d b e e n r e c e i v e d i n t o t h e Ro m i s h
a l l e gi a n c e b y a pr i e s t o fA m i e n s ,w h o m s h e h a d c o n s ul t e d ,
a s s a n c t i o n e d
l y t h e Bi s h o po ft h e Di o c e s e .
Th e y w e r e a s fo l l o w s : -t h a t s h e
s h o ul d n o t b e r e qui r e d t o c e n s ur e t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,t o fo r e go
t h e us e o ft h e a ut h o r i z e d v e r s i o n o f t h e Ho l y
Sc r i pt ur e s ,t o a b s t a i n
fr o m t h e d o m e s t i c w o r s h i p o f Pr o t e s t a n t s
; o r t o a c qui e s c e i n a n y fo r m
o f
M a r i o l a t r y . "
1 4
Fa Di Br un o 's Ca t h o l i c Be l i e f
h a s h a d a v e r y l a r ge c i r c u-
1 2 A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a Sua ,p . 3 6 0 . Ed i t i o n ,1 889 .

1 3
Ib i d . ,p . 3 6 1 .
1 4
Re m i n i s c e n c e s o fM a n y Ye a r s , b y Lo r d
Te i gn m o ut h ,Vo l . II. ,p. 2 9 1 .
Ed i n .
b ur gh : Da v i d Do ugl a s ,1 87 8 .
2 6 6 SECRET
HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
l a t i o n i n En gl a n d . In a pub l i s h e d l e t t e r t o t h e a ut h o r ,
d a t e d M a y 2 n d ,1 884 ,Ca r d i n a l M a n n i n gt e r m s i t " o n e o f
t h e m o s t c o m pl e t e a n d us e ful M a n ua l s o fDo c t r i n e ,De v o t i o n ,
a n d El e m e n t a r y i n fo r m a t i o n fo r t h e i n s t r uc t i o n o ft h o s e
w h o a r e s e e k i n gt h e t r ut h
. " In t h i s b o o k i s c o n t a i n e d
t h e fo l l o w i n gque s t i o n a n d a n s w e r ,w h i c h s e e m t o m e t o
h a v e a v e r y d i r e c t b e a r i n go n t h e po s s i b i l i t y o fa s e c r e t
r e c e pt i o n o fDr
. Ne w m a n i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,i n
1 83 3 : -
" Q ue s t i o n
. -Ni c o d e m us w a s a d i s c i pl e o fCh r i s t ,t h o ugh s e c r e t l y ;
c a n n o t Ii n l i k e m a n n e r b e a Ca t h o l i c i n h e a r t a n d i n s e c r e t 7 "
" A n s w e r
. -Ni c o d e m us w a s a d i s c i pl e o fJ e s us Ch r i s t i n s e c r e t ;
b ut h e pr e s e n t e d h i m s e l ft o o ur Lo r d . Be gi n t h e r e fo r e b y pr e s e n t i n g
y o ur s e l ft o t h e Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t ,t o b e i n s t r uc t e d a n d r e c e i v e d i n t o t h e
Ch ur c h
. A ft e r b e i n gr e c e i v e d i n t o t h e Ch ur c h pr i v a t e l y , i fw e i gh t y
r e a s o n s i n t h e j ud gm e n t o fy o ur s pi r i t ua l d i r e c t o r j us t i fy i t ,s uc h a s
l o s s o fh o m e ,o r pr o pe r t y ,o r e m pl o y m e n t , a n d s o l o n ga s t h o s e
w e i gh t y r e a s o n s l a s t ,y o un e e d n o t m a k e y o ur Ca t h o l i c i t y pub l i c ,
b ut
m a y a t t e n d t o y o ur Ca t h o l i c d ut i e s pr i v a t e l y . "
Is
Th e Tr a c t a r i a n M o v e m e n t h a d o n l y b e e n i n e x i s t e n c e a
v e r y s h o r t t i m e w h e n pe o pl e b e ga n t o s us pe c t i t a s b e i n gi n
r e a l i t y a Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t
. Wi t h i n a m o n t h o r t w o
a ft e r i t s b i r t h s o m e w e r e c a l l i n gNe w m a n a
" Pa pi s t " t o h i s
fa c e
. On De c e m b e r 2 2 n d ,1 83 3 ,h e w r o t e t o M i s s Gi b e r n e : -
" M r . Te r r i n gt o n c a l l e d o n m e y e s t e r d a y . He w a s v e r y
k i n d ,a n d s a i d h e i n t e n d e d t o s i gn t h e A d d r e s s t o t h e
A r c h b i s h o p,a n d
d i d n o t c a l l m e a Pa pi s t t o m y fa c e ,a s s o m e
o t h e r pe r s o n s h a v e . " 1 6
A s e a r l y a s M a y ,1 83 4 ,Ke b l e a s s e r t e d
pr i v a t e l y t h a t " Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,t h o ugh a l l o w a b l e t h r e e
c e n t ur i e s s i n c e ,i s d a n ge r o us n o w . " 1 7 A s i s w e l l k n o w n ,t h e
pub l i c a t i o n o f Tr a c t s fo r t h e Ti m e s w a s o n e o ft h e e a r l i e s t
w o r k s un d e r t a k e n b y t h e pa r t y . Di r e c t l y a ft e r t h e i r b i r t h
t h e y w e r e d e n o un c e d a s c o n t a i n i n gPo pi s h d o c t r i n e s . On
De c e m b e r 7 t h ,1 83 3 ,a c l e r gy m a n w r o t e l a m e n t i n gt h e
Is Ca t h o l i c Be l i e f,
b y t h e Ve r y Re v . J o s e ph Fa i l Di I3 r un o , D. D. , p . 2 3 0 .
Fi ft h e d i t i o n .
1 1 Ne w m a n 's
Le t t e r s , Vo l . II. ,p. s o .

1 7
Ib i d . ,p . 4 s .
NEWM A N REPUDIA TES PROTESTA NTISM .

2 6 7
i n s e r t i o n i n o n e o ft h e Tr a c t s o fs uc h e x pr e s s i o n s a s
" c o n -
v e y i n gt h e s a c r i fi c e t o t h e pe o pl e ," " i n t r us t e d w i t h t h e k e y s
o fh e a v e n a n d h e l l ," a n d " i n t r us t e d w i t h t h e a w ful a n d
m y s t e r i o us gi ft o fm a k i n gt h e b r e a d a n d w i n e Ch r i s t 's b o d y
a n d b l o o d " ; a n d ,i n v i e w o fs uc h e x pr e s s i o n s ,h e c l o s e d h i s
l e t t e r w i t h t h e w i s e a n d m uc h -n e e d e d ,b ut s a d l y n e gl e c t e d
w a r n i n g : -" We m us t t a k e c a r e h o w w e a i d t h e c a us e o f
Po pe r y . "
1 8
On J un e 5t h ,1 83 4 ,Ne w m a n c o m pl a i n e d t o h i s
fr i e n d Fr o ud e : -" M y
Tr a c t s w e r e a b us e d a s Po pi s h ,a s
fo r o t h e r t h i n gs ,s o e s pe c i a l l y fo r e x pr e s s i o n s a b o ut t h e
Euc h a r i s t . " 1 9
Th e Tr a c t s ,a s t h e y c o n t i n ue d t o a ppe a r ,
fr o m t i m e t o t i m e ,un t i l t h e l a s t ,i n 1 84 1 ,gr e w m o r e a n d
m o r e Ro m i s h i n t h e i r c h a r a c t e r ; a n d t h e y w e r e s uppl e -
m e n t e d b y a fl o o d o fo t h e r pub l i c a t i o n s w r i t t e n b y v a r i o us
m e m b e r s o ft h e pa r t y ,o fe v e n a m o r e Ro m a n i z i n gc h a r a c t e r .
Th e w o r k o f " Ca t h o l i c i s i n g " t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s ,
b y t h e s e m e a n s ,pus h e d r a pi d l y fo r w a r d . In J ul y ,
1 8 3 4 ,
Ne w m a n r e pud i a t e d t h e w o r d " Pr o t e s t a n t " ; 2 0 a n d e v e n
s i x m o n t h s b e fo r e t h a t t i m e Hur r e l l Fr o ud e h a d t h e a ud a c i t y
t o d e c l a r e
: -" Ia m e v e r y d a y b e c o m i n ga l e s s a n d l e s s l o y a l
s o n o ft h e Re fo r m a t i o n . It a ppe a r s t o m e pl a i n t h a t i n a l l
m a t t e r s t h a t s e e m t o us i n d i ffe r e n t o r e v e n d o ub t ful ,w e
s h o ul d c o n fo r m o ur pr a c t i c e s t o t h o s e o ft h e Ch ur c h w h i c h
h a s pr e s e r v e d i t s t r a d i t i o n a r y pr a c t i c e s un b r o k e n
. We
c a n n o t k n o w a b o ut a n y s e e m i n gl y i n d i ffe r e n t pr a c t i c e o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e t h a t i t i s n o t a d e v e l o pm e n t o ft h e A po s t o l i c
e t h o s . " 2 1 A l r e a d y Ro m e w a s t h e m o d e l fo r t h e Tr a c t a r i a n s
t o fo l l o w . On No v e m b e r 5t h o ft h i s y e a r Ne w m a n d i d a
k i n d a c t fo r Po pe r y ,w h i c h h e h a s r e c o r d e d i n h i s j o ur n a l : -
"
No v e m b e r 5t h
. -Di d n o t r e a d t h e s pe c i a l Gun po w d e r Pl o t
s e r v i c e . " Th e c e l e b r a t e d M . Bun s e n ,
1 83 5,
d e c l a r e d t h a t ,i n h i s
o pi n i o n ,t h e Tr a c t a r i a n s w e r e " i n t r o d uc i n gPo pe r y w i t h o ut
a ut h o r i t y . " 2 2 In 1 83 6 pe o pl e a s s e r t e d t h a t t h e Tr a c t a r i a n s
1 8
Pa l m e r 's Na r r a t i v e ,p .
2 2 6 .
i s Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 4 7 .

2 0 Ib i d . ,p . 59 .
2 1
Fr o ud e s Re m a i n s ,Vo l
. I . ,p. 3 3 6 .

2 2 Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 1 4 3 .

2 6 8 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
w e r e s e c r e t l y Ro m a n i s t s . Ne w m a n w r o t e o n t h i s s ub j e c t t o
Ke b l e ,a n d t o l d h i m t h a t pe o pl e w e r e un d e r " t h e i m pr e s s i o n
t h a t w e a r e Cr y pt o -Pa pi s t s . " 2 3
In t h i s y e a r Ne w m a n b e ga n t o us e t h e
" Br e v i a r y " o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e . Ofc o ur s e t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s w e r e
i n t h e w a y o ft h e s uc c e s s o ft h e c o n s pi r a t o r 's pl a n s
. " I
a m n o gr e a t fr i e n d o ft h e m ," w r o t e Ne w m a n t o Pe r c e v a l ,
J a n ua r y i i t h ,1 83 6 ," a n d s h o ul d r e j o i c e t o b e a b l e t o s ub s t i -
t ut e t h e Cr e e d s fo r t h e m . " M 4 It i s ,i n d e e d ,s o m e t h i n gt o b e
t h a n k ful fo r t h a t e v e n d o w n t o t h e pr e s e n t t i m e t h e Ri t ua l i s t s
h a v e l a b o ur e d i n v a i n t o r e m o v e t h e s e " fo r t y s t r i pe s s a v e
o n e " -a s t h e y h a v e b e e n t e r m e d -fr o m o fft h e i r b a c k s .
It w a s a t a b o ut t h i s t i m e t h a t Ne w m a n d i s c o v e r e d ,v e r y
m uc h t o h i s a s t o n i s h m e n t ,t h a t t h e e a r l y Fa t h e r s o ft h e
Ch ur c h l o o k e d upo n t h e Bi b l e a s t h e o n l y Rul e o fFa i t h ,a s
a l l go o d Pr o t e s t a n t s d o i n t h i s n i n e t e e n t h c e n t ur y . Th e r e
a r e s e v e r a l a l l us i o n s t o t h i s un w e l c o m e d i s c o v e r y i n
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s . On A ugus t 9 t h ,1 83 5,h e w r o t e t o
Fr o ud e : -"
By t h e b y e ,Ia m s ur pr i s e d m o r e a n d m o r e t o
s e e h o w t h e Fa t h e r s i n s i s t o n t h e Sc r i pt ur e s a s t h e Rul e o f
Fa i t h ,e v e n i n pr o v i n gt h e m o s t s ub t l e pa r t s o ft h e d o c t r i n e
o ft h e In c a r n a t i o n . " 2 5 A ga i n ,o n A ugus t 2 3 r d ,1 83 5,h e
w r o t e : -" Th e m o r e Ir e a d o fA t h a n a s i us ,Th e o d o r e t ,&c . ,
t h e m o r e Is e e t h a t t h e a n c i e n t s d i d m a k e t h e Sc r i pt ur e s
t h e b a s i s o ft h e i r b e l i e f . . . . I b e l i e v e i t w o ul d b e
e x t r e m e l y d i ffi c ul t t o s h o w t h a t Tr a d i t i o n i s e v e r
c o n s i d e r e d
b y t h e m ( i n m a t t e r s o ffa i t h ) m o r e t h a n i n t e r pr e t a t i v e o f
Sc r i pt ur e . . . . A ga i n ,w h e n t h e y m e t t o ge t h e r i n Co un c i l
t h e y b r o ugh t t h e w i t n e s s o fTr a d i t i o n a s a m a t t e r o ffa c t ,
b ut w h e n t h e y d i s c us s e d t h e m a t t e r i n Co un c i l ,c l e a r e d t h e i r
v i e w s ,&c . ,pr o v e d t h e i r po w e r ,t h e y a l w a y s w e n t
t o Sc r i pt ur e
a l o n e . " 2 6 Tw o y e a r s l a t e r Ne w m a n w r o t e t o M r
. Ro ge r s : -
" Th e Fa t h e r s d o a ppe a l i n a l l t h e i r c o n t r o v e r s i e s t o Sc r i p-
t ur e s a s a fi n a l a ut h o r i t y .
Wh e n t h i s o c c ur s o n c e o n l y i t
2 3
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,p . 2 53 .

2 4
Li fe o f Dr . Pus e y ,Vo l . I . ,p
. 3 0 2 .
2 5
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 1 2 4 .

2 e
Ib i d . ,p . 1 2 6 .
NEWM A NUSESIRONY.

2 6 9
m a y b e a n a c c i d e n t . Wh e n i t o c c ur s a ga i n a n d a ga i n
un i fo r m l y ,i t d o e s i n v e s t Sc r i pt ur e w i t h t h e c h a r a c t e r o fa n
e x c l us i v e Rul e o fFa i t h . " It i s ,i n d e e d ,a pi t y t h a t Ne w m a n
a n d h i s fo l l o w e r s d i d n o t i m i t a t e t h e e x c e l l e n t e x a m pl e o f
t h e Fa t h e r s . We h a v e t o t h a n k h i m ,h o w e v e r ,fo r h i s v e r y
c a n d i d a c k n o w l e d gm e n t s o n t h i s gr a v e l y i m po r t a n t s ub j e c t
.
Th e y pr o v e t h a t t h e Fa t h e r s w e r e t h o r o ugh Pr o t e s t a n t s o n
t h e que s t i o n o ft h e - Rul e o fFa i t h .
Dr
. Pus e y 's b i o gr a ph e r s t a t e s t h a t i n Se pt e m b e r ,1 83 6 ,
Ne w m a n i n fo r m e d Pus e y t h a t h e b e l i e v e d i n t h e Sa c r i fi c e o f
t h e M a s s ,a s t a ugh t b y t h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t . " A s t o t h e
s a c r i fi c i a l v i e w o ft h e Euc h a r i s t ," h e w r o t e ,
" Id o n o t s e e
t h a t y o uc a n fi n d fa &t w i t h t h e fo r m a l w o r d i n go ft h e
Tr i d e n t i n e De c r e e ," 2 7 w h i c h ,a s e v e r y s t ud e n t k n o w s ,
t e a c h e s t h e Sa c r i fi c e o ft h e M a s s . A t t h i s t i m e ,s a y s h i s
b i o gr a ph e r ," Pus e y a l s o a c qui e s c e d i n t h e fo r m a l w o r d i n go f
t h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t o n t h e s ub j e c t ,e x c e pt s o fa r a s i t s
w o r d s w e r e m o d i fi e d b y t h e d o c t r i n e s o fTr a n s ub s t a n t i a t i o n
a n d Pur ga t o r y . " 2 S
Fo r t h r e e y e a r s Ne w m a n a n d t h e b a n d o ffo l l o w e r s w h o
h a d ga t h e r e d r o un d h i m ,i n c l ud i n gDr . Pus e y a n d t h e Re v .
J
. Ke b l e ,h a d b e e n d i l i ge n t l y s o w i n gPo pi s h t a r e s i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a n d t h e h a r v e s t w a s a b o ut t o c o m m e n c e
.
By t h i s t i m e Ne w m a n h a d " l e a r n e d t o h a v e t e n d e r fe e l -
i n gs " t o w a r d s t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,a s h e t e l l s us ; b ut
h i s
" ,J ud gm e n t
w a s a ga i n s t h e r . " It " w e n t a ga i n s t m y
fe e l i n gs ," h e s a y s , " t o pr o t e s t a ga i n s t t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e . " 2 9 He h a d b e c o m e a n a d e pt i n t h e a r t o fm y s t i fy i n g
pe o pl e . " Ius e d i r o n y i n c o n v e r s a t i o n ," h e w r o t e , " w h e n
m a t t e r -o f-fa c t m e n w o ul d n o t s e e w h a t Im e a n t . Th i s k i n d
o fb e h a v i o ur w a s a s o r t o fh a b i t w i t h m e . " 3 0 " Ir o n y " i s
d e fi n e d i n o ur d i c t i o n a r i e s a s "
a m o d e o fs pe e c h i n w h i c h
t h e m e a n i n gi s c o n t r a r y t o t h e w o r d s ," a n d a s
"
d i s s i m ul a -
n Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l .
1
I. ,p . 3 3 .

S8 Ib i d .
" A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a Sua ,pp . 1 2 7 ,1 2 8 . Fi r s t e d i t i o n .

'°Ib i d . ,p . i r s .
2 7 0
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
t i o n " fo r t h e pur po s e s o fr i d i c ul e
. But s ur e l y ,w h e n t h o s e
t o w h o m t h i s i r o n y w a s a d d r e s s e d , a s
i n t h i s i n s t a n c e ,d i d
"
n o t s e e "
t h e i r o n y ,b ut t o o k t h e fa l s e h o o d fo r t r ut h ,t h e y
w e r e n o t h i n gb e t t e r t h a n w i l ful l y a n d s h a m e ful l y d e c e i v e d b y
Ne w m a n !
Ofc o ur s e ,fo r a fe w y e a r s ,t h e ul t i m a t e o b j e c t
o ft h e M o v e m e n t w a s n o t m uc h t a l k e d a b o ut . It s c h i e f
pr o m o t e r h a d ,a s h e t e l l s us ,c o m e b a c k fr o m Ro m e ,e a r l y
i n 1 83 3 ,ful l y c o n v i n c e d t h a t Pr o t e s t a n t "
Re fo r m a t i o n
pr i n c i pl e s w e r e po w e r l e s s t o r e s c ue " t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
fr o m h e r e x i s t i n gc o n d i t i o n
; a n d t h a t " t h e r e w a s n e e d o f
a s e c o n d Re fo r m a t i o n . " 3 1
Th r e e y e a r s o ft h a t " s e c o n d
Re fo r m a t i o n
"
h a d n o w pa s s e d b y ,a n d i t s r e s ul t s w e r e h i gh l y
s a t i s fa c t o r y t o Ne w m a n
.
" It w a s ," h e w r o t e , " t h r o ugh fr i e n d s ,y o un ge r ,fo r t h e m o s t pa r t ,
t h a n m y s e l f,t h a t m y pr i n c i pl e s w e r e s pr e a d i n g . Th e y h e a r d w h a t I
s a i d i n c o n v e r s a t i o n ,a n d t o l d i t t o o t h e r s . Un d e r gr a d ua t e s i n d ue
t i m e t o o k t h e i r d e gr e e ,a n d b e c a m e pr i v a t e t ut o r s t h e m s e l v e s . In t h i s
n e w
s t a t us ,
i n t ur n ,t h e y pr e a c h e d t h e o pi n i o n s w h i c h t h e y h a d a l r e a d y
l e a r n e d t h e m s e l v e s
. Ot h e r s w e n t d o w n t o t h e c o un t r y ,a n d b e c a m e
c ur a t e s o fpa r i s h e s
. Th e n t h e y h a d d o w n fr o m Lo n d o n pa r c e l s o f
t h e Tr a c t s ,a n d o t h e r pub l i c a t i o n s . Th e y pl a c e d t h e m i n t h e s h o ps
o fl o c a l b o o k s e l l e r s ,go t t h e m i n t o n e w s pa pe r s ,i n t r o d uc e d t h e m t o
c l e r i c a l m e e t i n gs ,a n d c o n v e r t e d m o r e o r l e s s t h e i r Re c t o r s a n d t h e i r
b r o t h e r c ur a t e s
. "
3 2
Fr o m 1 83 6 t h e Tr a c t a r i a n m a r c h t o Ro m e w a s m uc h
m o r e r a pi d t h a n b e fo r e ,a n d t h a t un d e r c o v e r o fa n a t t a c k
upo n Po pe r y . In 1 83 9 i t w a s pr o po s e d t o e r e c t t h e
Pr o t e s t a n t M a r t y r s 'M e m o r i a l a t Ox fo r d . Pus e y d i d n o t
l i k e i t a t a l l
. He s po k e s t r o n gl y a ga i n s t i t , " a s un k i n d t o
t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ," t o w a r d s w h i c h h i s s y m pa t h i e s w e r e
a l r e a d y b e i n gd r a w n o ut
. Th e e r e c t i o n o fa M o n a s t e r y w a s
c o n t e m pl a t e d ,a n d pl a n s w e r e b e i n gl a i d fo r t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t
o fSi s t e r h o o d s
. Th e Re v . J o h n Ke b l e ,a n o t h e r o ft h e l e a d e r s ,
h a d b e gun t o h a t e t h e r e fo r m e r s
. " A n y t h i n g," h e w r o t e
t o Pus e y ,J a n ua r y 1 8t h ,1 83 9 ," w h i c h s e pa r a t e s t h e pr e s e n t
3 1 A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a Sua ,p
. 9 5 . Fi r s t e d i t i o n , 3 3 Ib i d . ,p . r a g .
REJ OICINGA TROM E.

2 7 1
Ch ur c h fr o m t h e Re fo r m e r s Is h o ul d h a i l a s a gr e a t go o d . " i 3
In Ke b l e 's o pi n i o n ,a t t h i s t i m e ,t h e Re fo r m e r s " w e r e n o t
a s a pa r t y t o b e t r us t e d o n e c c l e s i a s t i c a l a n d t h e o l o gi c a l
que s t i o n s . "
3 4
Lo n gb e fo r e t h i s pe r i o d t h e n e w s o ft h e
w o r k go i n go n a t Ox fo r d h a d r e a c h e d Ro m e ,a n d h a d
gr e a t l y r e j o i c e d t h e h e a r t o ft h e Po pe . Th e t h e n
Bi s h o po fOx fo r d ( Dr . Ba go t ) h e a r d a b o ut t h e s e Pa pa l
r e j o i c i n gs ,a n d b e c a m e gr e a t l y a l a r m e d
. He w r o t e t o Pus e y
a b o ut i t : -
" Th e r e a r e n o w ," h e s a i d ," fr i e n d s o fm i n e s t a y i n ga t Ro m e -
s e n s i b l e m e n ,t o o ,a n d w i t h o ut
go s s i p -a n d
Ia m a s s ur e d t h a t t h e
l a n gua ge o ft h e Po pe ( a s Ia m i n fo r m e d i n o n e i n s t a n c e ) ,a n d t h a t o f
a l l t h e En gl i s h Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s o fr a n k r e s i d i n gt h e r e ,i s t h a t o fj o y
a n d c o n gr a t ul a t i o n a t t h e a d v a n c e s w h i c h a r e b e i n gm a d e i n Ox fo r d
t o w a r d s a r e t ur n t o t h e d o c t r i n e s o ft h e ` t r ue Ch ur c h . '
" 3 6
Ne w m a n b e c a m e Ed i t o r o ft h e Br i t i s h Cr i t i c , a n d s o o n
a ft e r r e gr e t t e d t h a t h e h a d a l l o w e d i n i t s pa ge s " a n a r t i c l e
a ga i n s t t h e J e s ui t s ," o fw h i c h h e " d i d n o t l i k e t h e t o n e "
;
3 6
w h i c h i s c e r t a i n l y n o t t o b e w o n d e r e d a t ,fo r a fe l l o w fe e l i n g
m a k e s us w o n d r o us k i n d t o w a r d s t h o s e w h o s e t a c t i c s w e
m a y a d o pt . Th e Re v
. Is a a c Wi l l i a m s ,a ut h o r o ft w o o ft h e
Tr a c t s fo r t h e Ti m e s , i n h i s A ut o b i o gr a ph y w r i t e s : -" Ih a v e
l a t e l y h e a r d i t s t a t e d fr o m o n e o fNe w m a n 's o l d e s t fr i e n d s ,
Dr . J e l f,t h a t h i s m i n d w a s a l w a y s e s s e n t i a l l y Ye s ui t i c a l
. " 3 7
In 1 83 9 t h e " s e c o n d Re fo r m a t i o n " h a d pr o c e e d e d s o fa r
t h a t o n e o fi t s d i s c i pl e s ,t h e Re v . T . B . M o r r i s ,pr e a c h i n g
b e fo r e Ox fo r d Un i v e r s i t y ,h a d t h e a ud a c i t y t o t e a c h t h e ful l
d o c t r i n e o ft h e Sa c r i fi c e o ft h e M a s s ,a n d t o d e c l a r e t h a t
e v e r y o n e w a s a n un b e l i e v e r a n d c a r n a l w h o d i d n o t
b e l i e v e i t
. 3 8
Ea r l y i n 1 84 o Ne w m a n b e c a m e a fr a i d o ft h e m i s c h i e fh e
3 s
Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l . II. ,p . 7 r .
3 4
fo h n Ke b l e ,b y
Wa l t e r Lo c k , M . A . , p. 9 6 . Lo n d o n ,1 89 3 .
R
Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l . II. ,p . ; 3 .

3 6 A po l o gi a ,p . 1 3 5 . Fi r s t e d i t i o n
1 7
A ut o b i o gr a ph y o fIs a a c IVi l l i a n u,p
. 54 .
5*
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II . ,p . 2 9 1 .
2 7 2 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w a s w o r k i n gi n t h e Ch ur c h ,t h o ugh h e h a d n o r e pe n t a n c e
fo r h i s w r o n gd o i n g .
On J a n ua r y l o t h h e w r o t e t o h i s
fr i e n d Bo w d e n : " Th i n gs a r e pr o gr e s s i n gs t e a d i l y ; b ut
b r e a k e r s a h e a d ! Th e d a n ge r o fa l a ps e i n t o Ro m a n i s m ,
It h i n k ,ge t s gr e a t e r d a i l y . Ie x pe c t t o h e a r o fv i c t i m s .
A ga i n ,Ife a r Is e e m o r e c l e a r l y t h a t w e a r e w o r k i n gup
t o a s c h i s m i n o ur Ch ur c h . " 3 9
Th e w h o l e t e n d e n c y o ft h e
M o v e m e n t h a s b e e n i n t h e d i r e c t i o n o fs c h i s m . It h a s
a l r e a d y e ffe c t ua l l y b r o k e n upt h e pe a c e o ft h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,d i v i d e d h e r i n t o pa r t i e s ,a n d m a y l e a d t o a gr e a t
s c h i s m a t a n y t i m e . It s t e n d e n c y h a s a l s o b e e n i n t h e
d i r e c t i o n o fi n d i v i d ua l s e c e s s i o n t o Ro m e o n t h e pa r t o f
t h o s e w h o h a v e b e e n t o o i m pa t i e n t t o w a i t fo r Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n .
So m e o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c l e a d e r s o c c a s i o n a l l y
b o a s t t h a t t h e y k e e pm e n fr o m go i n go v e r t o Ro m e . It
m a y b e t h a t t h e y d o k e e pa fe w h e r e a n d t h e r e ,fo r a s h o r t
t i m e ,b ut t h e ge n e r a l t e n d e n c y o ft h e i r w o r k i s t h e o t h e r
w a y .
Ca r d i n a l M a n n i n gk n e w m o r e a b o ut s e c e s s i o n s t o
Ro m e ,a n d t h e i r c a us e ,t h a n a n y m a n i n En gl a n d ,a n d t h i s
i s w h a t h e s a i d a b o ut t h e m i n 1 86
7 : -
" Ev e r y Pa r i s h Pr i e s t h a ppi l y k n o w s h o w e m pt y a n d fo o l i s h i s t h e
t o a s t
t h e y [Ri t ua l i s t s ]m a k e o fk e e pi n gs o ul s fr o m c o n v e r s i o n . Th e
pub l i c fa c t s o fe v e r y d a y r e fut e i t . . . . Suc h t e a c h e r s a r e ,a s Ful l e r
qua i n t l y a n d t r ul y s a y s ,l i k e un s k i l ful h o r s e m e n . Th e y s o o pe n ga t e s
a s t o s h ut t h e m s e l v e s o ut ,b ut l e t o t h e r s t h r o ugh . " 4 0
Se v e r a l m o n t h s l a t e r Ne w m a n s a w c l e a r l y e n o ugh t h a t
t h e w o r k o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s w a s d r i v i n gm e n t o Ro m e ,a n d
y e t n e i t h e r h e n o r t h e y c e a s e d t h e i r o pe r a t i o n s o n t h a t
a c c o un t .
On Se pt e m b e r 1 s t ,1 83 9 ,h e w r o t e t o M r . M a n n -
i n g,t h e fut ur e Ca r d i n a l : " Ia m c o n s c i o us t h a t w e a r e
r a i s i n gl o n gi n gs a n d t a s t e s w h i c h w e a r e n o t a l l o w e d t o
s uppl y ; a n d t i l l o ur Bi s h o ps a n d o t h e r s gi v e s c o pe t o t h e
d e v e l o pm e n t o fCa t h o l i c i s m e x t e r n a l l y a n d w i s e l y , w e d o
D9 Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p
. 2 9 9 .
4 0 Es s a y s o n Re l i gi o n ,
Se c o n d Se r i e s ,e d i t e d b y A r c h b i s h o pM a n n i n g,
Pp . 1 4 ,r 5 •
NEWM A N WA NTS M ORE VESTM ENTS
.

2 7 3
t e n d t o m a k e i m fa t i e n t m i n d s s e e k i t w h e r e i t h a s e v e r b e e n ,i n
Ro m e . " 4 1
A n d w h a t r e m e d y ,i t m a y b e a s k e d ,d i d Ne w m a n
pr o po s e t o M a n n i n gfo r t h e l o n gi n gs fo r m o r e Po pe r y w h i c h
t h e y h a d c r e a t e d i n t h e m i n d s o ft h e i r d i s c i pl e s
? It w a s
s i m pl y t h a t o fgi v i n gt h e m ,i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,t h e
Po pe r y w h i c h t h e y w o ul d o t h e r w i s e go t o Ro m e fo r ,i n s t e a d
o ft e a c h i n gt h e m t h a t t h e y w e r e un d e r a d e l us i o n i n s uppo s -
i n gt h a t Po pi s h po i s o n i s t h e pur e " m i l k o ft h e Wo r d . "
Ri t ua l i s t s s uppl y Po pe r y i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a s s o m e
Ir i s h m e n s uppl y w h i s k y -w i t h o ut a l i c e n s e .
So Ne w m a n ,i n t h e l e t t e r j us t quo t e d ,w r o t e t o M a n n i n g
:
-"
It h i n k t h a t ,w h e n e v e r t h e t i m e c o m e s t h a t s e c e s s i o n t o
Ro m e t a k e s pl a c e ,fo r w h i c h w e m us t n o t b e un pr e pa r e d ,w e
m us t b o l d l y s a y t o t h e Pr o t e s t a n t s e c t i o n o fo ur Ch ur c h -
` Yo u a r e t h e c a us e o ft h i s
; y o um us t c o n c e d e
; y o um us t
c o n c i l i a t e ,y o um us t m e e t t h e a ge
; y o um us t m a k e t h e
Ch ur c h . . . m o r e e qua l t o t h e e x t e r n a l .
Gi v e us m o r e
s e r v i c e s , m o r e v e s t m e n t s a n d d e c o r a t i o n s i n w o r s h i i
; gi v e us
M o n a s t e r i e s . . . Ti l l t h e n y o uw i l l h a v e c o n t i n ua l s e c e s -
s i o n s t o Ro m e
. " " Di d i t n e v e r ,Iw o n d e r ,o c c ur t o Ne w m a n
t h a t Pr o t e s t a n t Ch ur c h m e n h a d c o n s c i e n t i o us o b j e c t i o n s t o
gr a n t i n gt h e Po pe r y w h i c h h e c o v e t e d fo r h i m s e l fa n d h i s
fo l l o w e r s ? Lo y a l Ch ur c h m e n w i l l h a v e n o t h i n gt o d o w i t h
Po pe r y ,e i t h e r w i t h i n o r w i t h o ut t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
.
But ,a s w e h a v e s e e n o n t h e a ut h o r i t y
o fCa r d i n a l
M a n n i n g,t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c c ur e fo r l o n gi n gs fo r Po pe r y ,i s ,i n
pr a c t i c e ,a n ut t e r fa i l ur e .
A fe w m o n t h s l a t e r Ne w m a n 's
fa i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e h a d gr e a t l y i n c r e a s e d ,fo r h e
h a d c o m e t o fe a r t h a t s h e w a s t h e o n l y b o d y c a pa b l e o f
r e s i s t i n gt h e d e v i l . " Ib e gi n ," h e w r o t e ,"
t o h a v e s e r i o us
a ppr e h e n s i o n s l e s t a n y r e l i gi o us b o d y i s s t r o n ge n o ugh
t o
w i t h s t a n d t h e l e a gue o fe v i l b ut t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h
.
A t t h e
e n d o ft h e fi r s t m i l l e n a r y i t w i t h s t o o d t h e fur y o fSa t a n ,a n d
n o w t h e e n d o ft h e s e c o n d i s d r a w i n go n
. "
4 3
By t h e e n d o f
4 1
Pur c e l l 's Li fe o fM a n n i n g,Vo l . I . ,p
. 2 3 3
.

4 2
i b i d .
}3
Ne w m a n 's
Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 3 0 0 .
1 8
2 7 4 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
t h e y e a r h e t h o ugh t " Ro m e t h e c e n t r e o fun i t y " ;
4 4
a n d y e t
fo r a n o t h e r fi v e y e a r s h e k e pt a w a y fr o m t h a t c e n t r e .
A t
t h i s pe r i o d h e n o t o n l y "
w i s h e d fo r un i o n b e t w e e n t h e
A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h a n d Ro m e ," b ut h e a l s o w e n t s o fa r a s t o
d o w h a t h e c o ul d " t o ga i n w e e k l y pr a y e r s fo r t h a t o b j e c t " ;
a n d d r e w upfo r m s o fpr a y e r fo r un i o n t o b e us e d b y h i s
d i s c i pl e s . 4 5
A t t h i s t i m e a Ro m a n pr i e s t ,t h e Ho n . a n d
Re v . Ge o r ge Spe n c e r ,w a s a l s o ur gi n gt h e o ffe r i n go fpr a y e r s
w i t h t h e s a m e a i m . Wi t h t h i s o b j e c t i n v i e w ,M r . Spe n c e r
pa i d a v i s i t t o Ne w m a n ,i n 1 84 0 . Wi t h r e fe r e n c e t o t h i s
v i s i t Ne w m a n w r i t e s : --" So gl a d i n m y h e a r t w a s It o s e e
h i m [Spe n c e r ]w h e n h e c a m e t o m y r o o m s ,w h i t h e r M r .
Pa l m e r ,o fM a gd a l e n ,b r o ugh t h i m ,t h a t Ic o ul d h a v e l a ugh e d
fo r j o y ; It h i n k Id i d . " Ne w m a n ,h o w e v e r ,t h o ugh t i t b e s t
t o d i s gui s e t h e j o y h e fe l t ,a n d t h e r e fo r e ,w h e n M r . Spe n c e r
c a m e h e w a s " v e r y r ud e t o h i m ," a n d " w o ul d n o t m e e t
h i m a t d i n n e r . "
4 6
Th e Ox fo r d Tr a c t a r i a n s fr e que n t l y
v i s i t e d t h e Co n t i n e n t ,o n h o l i d a y t o ur s ,a n d w h i l e t h e r e
c ul t i v a t e d t h e go o d o pi n i o n o ffo r e i gn Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s ,
a n d i n t h i s t h e y w e r e e n c o ur a ge d b y t h e i r l e a d e r s
. In t h e
a ut um n o f1 84 0 M r
. J a m e s R
. Ho pe -Sc o t t w a s t r a v e l l i n g
t h us a b r o a d ,w h e n h e r e c e i v e d a l e t t e r fr o m Dr
. Pus e y ,
c o n t a i n i n gt h e fo l l o w i n gpa r a gr a ph : -" Ia m v e r y gl a d t h a t
y o ua r e s e e i n gs o m uc h o ft h e R[o m a n ]C[a t h o l i c s ]
. On e
w i s h e s t h a t t h e y k n e w m o r e o fo ur Ch ur c h ,a n d w e m o r e o f
y e
b e t t e r a m o n gt h e m . " 4 7 A t h o m e t h e Re v . Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge
Wa r d ,w h o s ub s e que n t l y s uc c e e d e d Ne w m a n a s t h e l e a d e r
o ft h e a d v a n c e d Tr a c t a r i a n s ,w a s d i l i ge n t l y e n ga ge d i n t h e
s t ud y o fRo m a n Ca t h o l i c b o o k s o ft h e o l o gy .
He pr e fe r r e d
t h e m t o t h e e a r l y Fa t h e r s
. " Bo t h i n a s c e t i c s a n d i n
d o gm a t i c s ," w r i t e s M r
. Wa r d 's s o n , " t h e J e s ui t s w e r e h i s
fa v o ur i t e r e a d i n g
" 4 S a t t h i s pe r i o d . We n e e d n o t w o n d e r
"
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 3 i g .
'' A po l o gi a , pp . 2 2 2 ,2 2 4 .
Fi r s t e d i t i o n .

1 6 Ib i d . ,p .
2 2 4 .
'7 M e m o i r s o fJ a m e s R. Ho pe -Sc o t t ,Vo l . I
. ,p
. 2 3 9 .
1 8
Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,p
. 1 4 6 -
Fi r s t e d i t i o n .
TRA CTXC .

2 7 5
a t t h i s n o w ,t h o ugh a t t h e t i m e i t w a s k e pt s t r i c t l y s e c r e t
.
Wh a t a n e x c i t e m e n t i t w o ul d h a v e c a us e d i n 1 84 0 ,h a d i t
b e e n pub l i c l y k n o w n t h a t t h e fa v o ur i t e s t ud y o fo n e o ft h e
l e a d e r s o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s w a s t h e w r i t i n gs o ft h e J e s ui t s
!
Th a t k i n d o fs t ud y i s fa r m o r e c o m m o n n o w a m o n gs t
m o d e r n Ri t ua l i s t s t h a n i t w a s fi ft y -s i x y e a r s s i n c e ,a n d t h e
Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t i s n o w fa r m o r e un d e r J e s ui t i c a l
i n fl ue n c e t h a n e v e r i t h a s b e e n h i t h e r t o . M r . J a m e s R.
Ho pe -Sc o t t ,d ur i n gt h e v i s i t t o t h e Co n t i n e n t j us t m e n t i o n e d ,
fr e que n t l y v i s i t e d t h e J e s ui t s a t Ro m e ,a n d i n h i s n o w
pub l i s h e d l e t t e r s s h o w s h o w a n y fe e l i n gw h i c h h e m a y h a v e
e n t e r t a i n e d a ga i n s t t h e m gr a d ua l l y w o r e i t s e l fa w a y . On M a r c h
2 7 t h ,1 84 1 ,h e w r o t e t o h i s b r o t h e r : -" Th e Ge n e r a l o ft h e
J e s ui t s Ic o n t i n ue t o v i s i t ,a n d a m gr o w n v e r y fo n d o fh i m . " 4 9
Th e m o s t m e m o r a b l e e v e n t o ft h e y e a r 1 84 1 w a s t h e
pub l i c a t i o n o fNe w m a n 's c e l e b r a t e d " Tr a c t XC . " A l a r ge
v o l um e m i gh t n o w b e w r i t t e n a b o ut i t s c o n t e n t s a n d i t s
h i s t o r y . It w a s a pl e a fo r t h e l a w ful n e s s o ft e a c h i n gi n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d m a n y Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c d o c t r i n e s ,a s
t a ugh t a ut h o r i t a t i v e l y i n t h a t Ch ur c h ,o n t h e gr o un d t h a t
t h e y w e r e n o t o ppo s e d b y t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s ,a n d i t w a s
a t t h e s a m e t i m e a v e r y d a r i n ga t t e m pt t o " Ca t h o l i c i s e "
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d i n t h e i n t e r e s t s o ft h e gr e a t s c h e m e
fo r Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e . Th e b e s t d e s c r i pt i o n o f
t h e o b j e c t s o fTr a c t XC
. s e e m s t o m e t o b e t h a t gi v e n b y t h e
fo ur Ox fo r d Tut o r s ,d i r e c t l y a ft e r i t w a s pub l i s h e d . On e o f
t h e Tut o r s w a s t h e Re v
. A . C . Ta i t ,a ft e r w a r d s A r c h b i s h o p
o fCa n t e r b ur y .
1 1 Th e Tr a c t h a s ," w r o t e t h e Tut o r s ,
" i n o ur a ppr e h e n s i o n ,a h i gh l y
d a n ge r o us t e n d e n c y ,fr o m i t s s ugge s t i n gt h a t c e r t a i n v e r y i m po r t a n t
e r r o r s o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e a r e n o t c o n d e m n e d b y t h e A r t i c l e s o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -fo r i n s t a n c e ,t h a t t h o s e A r t i c l e s d o n o t c o n t a i n
a n y c o n d e m n a t i o n o ft h e d o c t r i n e s -
" t . OfPur ga t o r y .
" 2 . OfPa r d o n s .
1 9
D7 e n m o i r s o f7 . R. Ho l e -Sc o t t ,Vo l . I . ,p. 2 6 6 .
1 8
2 7 6 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
" 3 . Oft h e Wo r s h i ppi n ga n d A d o r a t i o n o fIm a ge s a n d r e l i c s
.
" 4 . Oft h e In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s .
" 5 . Oft h e M a s s .
a s t h e y a r e t a ugh t a ut h o r i t a t i v e l y b y t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,b ut o n l y
o fc e r t a i n a b s ur d pr a c t i c e s a n d o pi n i o n s w h i c h i n t e l l i ge n t Ro m a n i s t s
r e pud i a t e a s m uc h a s w e d o
. It i s i n t i m a t e d ,m o r e o v e r ,t h a t t h e
De c l a r a t i o n pr e fi x e d t o t h e A r t i c l e s ,a s fa r a s i t h a s a n y w e i gh t a t a l l ,
s a n c t i o n s t h i s m o d e o fi n t e r pr e t i n gt h e m ,a s i t i s o n e w h i c h t a k e s
t h e m i n t h e i r ` l i t e r a l a n d gr a m m a t i c a l s e n s e ,'a n d d o e s n o t ` a ffi x a n y
n e w s e n s e t o t h e m . 'Th e Tr a c t w o ul d t h us a ppe a r t o us t o h a v e a
t e n d e n c y t o m i t i ga t e b e y o n d w h a t c h a r i t y r e qui r e s ,a n d t o t h e pr e j ud i c e
o ft h e pur e t r ut h o ft h e Go s pe l ,t h e v e r y s e r i o us d i ffe r e n c e s w h i c h
s e pa r a t e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e fr o m o ur o w n ,a n d t o s h a k e t h e c o n fi d e n c e
o ft h e l e s s l e a r n e d m e m b e r s o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d i n t h e Sc r i p .
t ur a l c h a r a c t e r o fh e r fo r m ul a r i e s a n d h e r t e a c h i n g
. "
50
Fo ur d a y s a ft e r t h i s Pr o t e s t h a d b e e n m a d e b y t h e fo ur
Tut o r s ,t h e He b d o m a d a l Bo a r d o fOx fo r d Un i v e r s i t y c o n -
d e m n e d t h e Tr a c t ,o n t h e gr o un d t h a t "
m o d e s o fi n t e r pr e t a -
t i o n ,s uc h a s a r e s ugge s t e d i n t h e s a i d Tr a c t ,e v a d i n gr a t h e r
t h a n e x pl a i n i n gt h e s e n s e o ft h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s ,a n d
r e c o n c i l i n gs ub s c r i pt i o n t o t h e m w i t h t h e a d o pt i o n o fe r r o r s
w h i c h t h e y w e r e d e s i gn e d t o c o un t e r a c t ,d e fe a t t h e o b j e c t ,
a n d a r e i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e d ue o b s e r v a n c e o ft h e a b o v e
m e n t i o n e d St a t ut e s . " s i
A r c h b i s h o pTa i t n e v e r r e gr e t t e d t h e pa r t h e t o o k i n c o n -
d e m n i n gTr a c t XC .
In i 88o ,h e s a i d
: -" We r e i t a l l t o
h a ppe n a ga i n It h i n k Is h o ul d ,i n t h e s a m e po s i t i o n ,d o
e x a c t l y a s Id i d t h e n . "
6 2
Ne w m a n 's fr i e n d ,t h e Re v
. Is a a c
Wi l l i a m s ,s a y s
: -" M a n y h a v e n a t ur a l l y s uppo s e d t h a t i t
w a s t h e c o n d e m n a t i o n o ft h e Tr a c t No
. XC
. ,b y t h e He a d s
o fHo us e s ,w h i c h ga v e h i s [Ne w m a n 's ]s e n s i t i v e m i n d t h e
d e c i d e d t ur n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e .
But Ir e m e m b e r
c i r c um s t a n c e s w h i c h i n d i c a t e d t h a t i t w a s n o t s o
. He t a l k e d
t o m e o fw r i t i n ga Tr a c t o n t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s ,
a n d a t
t h e s a m e t i m e s a i d t h i n gs i n fa v o ur o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
6 0
Li fe o fA r c h b i s h o pTa i t ,Vo l . I . ,pp
. 81 ,82 . Fi r s t e d i t i o n .
6 1
Ib i d . ,p . 84 .

52
Ib i d . ,p
. 87 .
" WEOUGHTTOJ OIN" ROb fE.

2 i 7
w h i c h qui t e s t a r t l e d a n d a l a r m e d m e . "
5s
Tw o pa ge s l a t e r o n
M r
. Wi l l i a m s w r i t e s
: -" No t h i n gh a d a s y e t i m pa i r e d o ur
i n t i m a c y a n d fr i e n d s h i p,un t i l o n e e v e n i n g, 54 w h e n a l o n e i n
h i s r o o m s ,h e t o l d m e h e t h o ugh t t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e w a s
r i gh t ,a n d w e w e r e w r o n g,
s o m uc h s o ,t h a t w e o ugh t t o j o i n
i t . To t h i s Is a i d t h a t i fo ur o w n Ch ur c h i m pr o v e d ,a s w e
h o pe d ,a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e a l s o w o ul d r e fo r m i t s e l f,i t
s e e m e d t o h o l d o ut t h e pr o s pe c t o fr e un i o n
. A n d t h e n
e v e r y t h i n gs e e m e d fa v o ur a b l y pr o gr e s s i n gb e y o n d w h a t w e
c o ul d h a v e d a r e d t o h o pe i n t h e a w a k e n i n go fr e l i gi o n ,a n d
r e fo r m a t i o n a m o n go ur s e l v e t s .
Th a t m ut ua l r e pe n t a n c e
m us t ,b y Go d 's b l e s s i n g,t e n d t o m ut ua l r e s t o r a t i o n a n d
un i o n . 'No ,' h e s a i d ,'St . A ugus t i n e w o ul d n o t a l l o w o f
t h i s a r gum e n t ,a s r e ga r d e d t h e Do n a t i s t s . Yo u m us t c o m e
o ut a n d b e s e pa r a t e . " '
55
Th i s a r gum e n t fr o m t h e c o n d uc t
o ft h e Do n a t i s t s w a s n o t t h e n fo r t h e fi r s t t i m e a d o pt e d b y
Ne w m a n . In c o n n e c t i o n w i t h i t t h e e s s e n t i a l l y J e s ui t i c a l
a n d d o ub l e -d e a l i n gt a c t i c s o fNe w m a n a r e a ga i n c l e a r l y
r e v e a l e d . In a " pr i v a t e " l e t t e r t o t h e Re v
. J . B . M o z l e y ,
No v e m b e r 2 4 t h ,1 84 3 ,h e w r o t e : -
" La s t s um m e r fo ur y e a r s
( 1 83 9 )
i t c a m e s t r o n gl y
upo n m e ,fr o m
r e a d i n gfi r s t t h e M o n o ph y s i t e c o n t r o v e r s y ,a n d t h e n t ur n i n gt o t h e
w A ut o b i o gr a ph y o fIs a a c Wi l l i a m s ,p . i o S.
" Th e e d i t o r o f
t h e A ut o b i o gr a ph y s a y s t h a t "
t h i s c o n v e r s a t i o n t o o k pl a c e
a ft e r
t h e pub l i c a t i o n o f Tr a c t No . XC . " ;
b ut Iv e n t ur e t o a s s e r t t h a t ,b ut fo r
t h i s n o t e ,n o r e a d e r o ft h e A ut o b i o gr a ph y w o ul d t h i n k o t h e r w i s e t h a n t h a t t h e
s pe e c h w a s m a d e b e fo r e t h e pub l i c a t i o n o fTr a c t XC . Th e e d i t o r ,w r i t i n gl o n g
a ft e r t h e d e a t h o fWi l l i a m s ,m a k e s a n a s s e r t i o n ,b ut c m i t s t o gi v e a n y pr o o fo f
i t . On t h e o t h e r h a n d t h e r e i s c l e a r e v i d e n c e t h a t Wi l l i a m s 's i n t e r v i e w w i t h
Ne w m a n m us t h a v e t a k e n pl a c e s o m e w h e r e a b o ut t h i s d a t e . Tr a c t XC . w a s
pub l i s h e d Fe b r ua r y 2 7 t h ,
1 84 1 ;
a n d Ne w m a n w i t h d r e w t o Li t t l e m o r e i n
Fe b r ua r y ,1 84 2 . No w Wi l l i a m s s t a t e s : -" Wh e n h e [Ne w m a n ]s h ut h i m s e l fup
i n h i s M o n a s t e r y a t Li t t l e m o r e , a n d pr e v i o us l y d ur i n gt h e l a t t e r pa r t o fh i s s t a y
a t Ox fo r d ,I
w a s a b l e t o w i t h d r a w m y s e l ffr o m h i m . " Th e i n t e r v i e w r e fe r r e d
t o m us t h a v e t h e r e fo r e t a k e n pl a c e s o m e t i m e b e fo r e Ne w m a n l e ft Ox fo r d ,a n d
t h e r e fo r e i n t h e y e a r 1 84 1
. In e i t h e r c a s e i t m a k e s l i t t l e ,o r n o d i ffe r e n c e
i n Ne w m a n 's e s s e n t i a l l y d i s h o n e s t a n d d i s h o n o ur a b l e po s i t i o n a t t h a t t i m e .
A n h o n e s t m a n ,h o l d i n gt h e o pi n i o n s Ne w m a n t h e n e x pr e s s e d t o Wi l l i a m s ,
w o ul d a t o n c e h a v e s e c e d e d t o Ro m e ,a n d n o t w a i t t i l l
1 84 5-
6 1 Ib i d . ,pp . fr o , 1 1 1 .
2 7 8 SECRET
HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
Do n a t i s t ,
t h a t w e w e r e e x t e r n a l t o t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h
. Ih a v e n e v e r
go t o v e r t h i s . -I
d i d n o t ,h o w e v e r ,y i e l d t o i t a t a l l ,b ut w r o t e a n a r t i c l e
i n t h e Br i t i s h Cr i t i c
o n t h e Ca t h o l i c i t y o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h ,w h i c h
h a d t h e e ffe c t o fqui e t i n gm e fo r t w o y e a r s
. Si n c e t h i s t i m e t w o
y e a r s t h e fe e l i n gh a s r e v i v e d a n d gr a d ua l l y s t r e n gt h e n e d
. Ih a v e a l l
a l o n ggo n e a ga i n s t i t ,a n d t h i n k Io ugh t t o d o s o s t i l l . Ia m n o w
pub l i s h i n gs e r m o n s ,
w h i c h s pe a k m o r e c o n fi d e n t l y a b o ut o ur po s i t i o n
t h a n Ii n w a r d l y fe e l ;
b ut It h i n k i t r i gh t ,a n d d o n o t c a r e fo r s e e m i n g
i n c o n s i s t e n t . "
6 s
Th i s " i n c o n s i s t e n c y ," o r d o ub l e -d e a l i n g,o r J e s ui t i s m ,o r
w h a t e v e r i t m a y b e c a l l e d ,w a s o n l y a pa r t a n d pa r c e l o f
h i s o r d i n a r y c o n d uc t a t t h i s t i m e
. Hi s fr i e n d Is a a c Wi l l i a m s
s a y s t h a t "
t h e fe e l i n gs a n d t h o ugh t s h e [Ne w m a n ]w o ul d
e x pr e s s t o o n e pe r s o n o r a t o n e t i m e ,d i ffe r e d v e r y m uc h i n
c o n s e que n c e fr o m w h a t l i e m i gh t e x pr e s s t o a n o t h e r o r o n
a n o t h e r o c c a s i o n "
; a n d h e a d d s t h a t i t " w a s l o n gb e fo r e
i t w a s pub l i c l y k n o w n w h a t Ne w m a n 's t h o ugh t s r e a l l y w e r e ,
a n d h e w a s fo r s o m e t i m e a c c us e d b y s o m e o fd i s h o n e s t y
a n d d upl i c i t y
. "
1 7
He w a s w o r k i n gi n t h e d a r k ,y e t a c t i v e l y
c a r r y i n go n t h e s e c r e t un d e r gr o un d c o n s pi r a c y t o b r i n gb a c k
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t o Ro m e
. In h i s pa m ph l e t e n t i t l e d
a
Le t t e r t o t h e Bi s h o po fOx fo r d o n Oc c a s i o n o fTr a c t XC
. ,
d a t e d M a r c h 2 9 t h ,1 84 1 ,Ne w m a n w r o t e
o f : -" Th e i n e s -
t i m a b l e pr i v i l e ge s Ife e l i n b e i n ga m e m b e r o ft h a t Ch ur c h
o v e r w h i c h y o ur l o r d s h i p,w i t h o t h e r s ,pr e s i d e s " ( p
. 3 3 ) ;
"
t h e Ch ur c h w h i c h y o ur l o r d s h i pr ul e s i s
a Di v i n e l y
o r d a i n e d
c h a n n e l o fs upe r n a t ur a l gr a c e t o t h e s o ul s o fh e r
m e m b e r s " ( p . 3 4 ) ;
a n d " Ic o n s i d e r t h e Ch ur c h o v e r w h i c h
y o ur l o r d s h i ppr e s i d e s t o b e t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h i n t h i s
c o un t r y
" ( p . 3 4 ) .
A n d y e t ,fo r t w o y e a r s b e fo r e w r i t i n g
t h i s h e h a d c o m e ,a s w e h a v e j us t s e e n ,t o h o l d t h e o pi n i o n
t h a t t h o s e w h o w e r e i n s i d e t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
" w e r e
e x t e r n a l t o t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h " ! In t h i s s a m e
Le t t e r t o
t h e
Bi s h o po f Ox fo r d , Ne w m a n fur t h e r a s s e r t e d t h a t " i t i s
v e r y pl a i n t h a t t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h i s a t pr e s e n t o n Go d 's
°R Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l
. II. ,p. 4 3 0 .
6 % Wi l l i a m s 's
A ut o b i o gr a ph y ,pp . 1 1 2 ,1 1 3 .
WA RD'SROM A NIZINGDOCTRINES.

2 7 9
s i d e " ( p . 3 9 ) ; a n d t h a t , " Di d Go d v i s i t us w i t h
l a r ge
m e a s ur e s o fHi s gr a c e ,a n d t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s a l s o ,t h e y
w o ul d b e d r a w n t o us ,a n d w o ul d a c k n o w l e d ge o ur Ch ur c h
a s t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h i n t h i s c o un t r y " ( p . 4 4 )
. It i s h a r d ,
y e a ,i m po s s i b l e ,Iv e n t ur e t o s ub m i t ,t o r e c o n c i l e s uc h
s t a t e m e n t s a s t h e s e ,w i t h t h o s e Ne w m a n h a d a l r e a d y m a d e
i n w r i t i n gt o h i s c o n fi d e n t i a l fr i e n d s
. So o n a ft e r t h e
pub l i c a t i o n o ft h e pa m ph l e t j us t c i t e d ,t h e Re v . W. G. Wa r d
w r o t e t o Dr . Pus e y a s fo l l o w s : -" Ih a v e h e a r d Ne w m a n
s a y t h a t i t i s ,t o s a y t h e l e a s t ,d o ub t ful w h e t h e r t h e r e c a n
b e s a i d t o b e a v a l i d Sa c r a m e n t a d m i n i s t e r e d un l e s s t h e
pr i e s t a d d s m e n t a l l y w h a t o ur Euc h a r i s t i c Se r v i c e o m i t s . "
58
On r e a d i n gt h i s ,Ic a n n o t h e l pa s k i n gm y s e l fw h e t h e r w e
h a v e i n i t a k e y t o t h e fa c t t h a t i n a l m o s t a l l o ur a d v a n c e d
Ri t ua l i s t i c Ch ur c h e s pr i v a t e pr a y e r s a r e s a i d ,b y t h e
o ffi c i a t i n gc l e r gy m a n ,d ur i n gt h e Co m m un i o n
Se r v i c e ,
w h i c h a r e n o t r e qui r e d b y t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n Pr a y e r .
A r e t h e y i n t e n d e d t o m a k e a d o ub t ful c o n s e c r a t i o n c e r t a i n l y
v a l i d ,b y a d d i n g
"
m e n t a l l y w h a t o ur Euc h a r i s t i c Se r v i c e
o m i t s " ?
Ve r y a d v a n c e d Ro m a n i z i n gd o c t r i n e s w e r e a t t h i s t i m e
s e c r e t l y h e l d b y m a n y o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s ,w h o ,i t m a y b e
r e m a r k e d i n pa s s i n g,w e r e t h e n b e c o m i n gk n o w n a s
Pus e y i t e s . Ev e n a s e a r l y a s J ul y ,1 84 1 ,M r . Wa r d ,w r i t i n g
t o Dr
. Pus e y ,s t a t e d t h a t : -
" Th e r e a r e
m a n y
pe r s o n s w h o ,o n t h e o n e h a n d ,d o n o t a c c us e
t h e Re fo r m e r s o fd i s i n ge n uo us n e s s ,a n d y e t ,o n t h e o t h e r ,c o n s i d e r
t h e fo l l o w i n gd o c t r i n e s a n d pr a c t i c e s a l l o w e d b y t h e A r t i c l e s : -
( r ) In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s ; ( 2 ) Ve n e r a t i o n o fIm a ge s a n d Re l i c s ; ( 3 ) A n
i n t e r m e d i a t e s t a t e o fpur i fi c a t i o n w i t h pa i n ; 6 9
( 4 ) Th e Re s e r v a t i o n
o ft h e Ho s t ; ( 5) Th e El e v a t i o n o ft h e Ho s t ; ( 6 ) Th e In fa l l i b i l i t y o f
s o m e Ge n e r a l Co un c i l s ; ( 7 ) Th e d o c t r i n e o fd e s e r t b y c o n gr ui t y ,i n
t h e r e c e i v e d Ro m a n s e n s e ; ( 8) Th e d o c t r i n e t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o ugh t
t o e n fo r c e Ce l i b a c y o n t h e c l e r gy . " B0
58
Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,p
. 1 7 7 .
s s
Th a t i s ,a Pur ga t o r y .
" 'Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e t ,p . 1 7 6 .
2 80
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
Ifo n l y t h e m a j o r i t y o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c o ul d
h a v e b e e n i n d uc e d t o a c c e pt t h e v i e w s o ft h e s e a d v a n c e d
Ro m a n i z e r s , s h e w o ul d s o o n
h a v e b e e n s uffi c i e n t l y
" Ca t h o l i c i s e d
" fo r r e un i o n w i t h t h e Pa pa c y .
No t h i n g
w o ul d h a v e d e l i gh t e d Wa r d m o r e t h a n s uc h a r e s ul t
.
"
Re s t o r a t i o n o fa c t i v e c o m m un i o n w i t h t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h
i s ," h e w r o t e t o a fr i e n d ,i n 1 84 1 , " t h e m o s t e n c h a n t i n g
e a r t h l y pr o s pe c t o n w h i c h m y i m a gi n a t i o n c a n d w e l l
. " B1
Th e Ro m a n i z e r s e v i d e n t l y t h o ugh t t h e y w e r e ,e v e n t h e n ,
w i t h i n a m e a s ur a b l e d i s t a n c e o ft h e r e a l i z a t i o n o ft h e i r
h o pe s .
So ful l o fe x pe c t a t i o n w e r e t h e y t h a t t h e y c o ul d
n o t k e e pt h e go o d n e w s t o t h e m s e l v e s
. Th e i r Ro m a n
Ca t h o l i c b r e t h r e n o n t h e c o n t i n e n t m us t b e l e t i n t o t h e
s e c r e t .
So a n a n o n y m o us l e t t e r w a s s e n t s o o n a ft e r
Tr a c t XC . a ppe a r e d ,fo r pub l i c a t i o n t o t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
Un i v e r s o fPa r i s
. Th e a ut h o r 's n a m e w a s s uppr e s s e d fo r
o b v i o us r e a s o n s ,b ut i t i s n o w k n o w n t h a t t h e a ut h o r w a s
t h e Re v
. W. G
. Wa r d ,a n d t h a t i t w a s t r a n s l a t e d fo r h i m
i n t o Fr e n c h b y M r . J . D
. Da l ga i r n s ,o fEx e t e r Co l l e ge ,
Ox fo r d . Fr o m
t h i s v e r y r e m a r k a b l e a n d t h o r o ugh l y
J e s ui t i c a l l e t t e r ,Igi v e t h e fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t s : -
" Yo us e e ,t h e n ,s i r ,t h a t h um i l i t y ,t h e fi r s t c o n d i t i o n o fe v e r y s o un d
r e fo r m ,i s n o t w a n t i n gi n
us . We a r e l i t t l e s a t i s fi e d w i t h o ur po s i t i o n
.
We gr o a n a t t h e s i n s c o m m i t t e d b y o ur a n c e s t o r s i n s e pa r a t i n gfr o m
t h e Ca t h o l i c w o r l d .
We e x pe r i e n c e a b ur n i n gd e s i r e t o b e r e un i t e d
t o o ur b r e t h r e n .
We l o v e w i t h un fe i gn e d a f f
e c t i o n t h e A po s t o l i c Se e ,
w h i c h w e a c k n o w l e d ge t o b e t h e h e a d o fCh r i s t e n d o m
; a n d t h e m o r e
s o b e c a us e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e i s o ur m o t h e r ,w h i c h s e n t fr o m h e r
b o s o m t h e b l e s s e d St
. A ugus t i n e ,t o b r i n gus h e r i m m o v a b l e fa i t h .
We a d m i t a l s o ,t h a t i t i s n o t o ur fo r m ul a r i e s ,n o r e v e n t h e Co un c i l o f
Tr e n t ,w h i c h pr e v e n t o ur un i o n .
A ft e r a l l t h e s e c o n c e s s i o n s , y o u
m a y a s k m e ,w h y ,t h e n ,d o y o un o t r e j o i n us
? Wh a t i s i t t h a t
pr e v e n t s y o u ? . . .
" Th e r e a r e a t t h i s m o m e n t ,i n t h e A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h ,a c r o w d
o f
pe r s o n s w h o b a l a n c e b e t w e e n Pr o t e s t a n t i s m a n d Ca t h o l i c i s m ,a n d
w h o ,n e v e r t h e l e s s ,w o ul d r e j e c t w i t h h o r r o r t h e v e r y i d e a o fa un i o n
w i t h Ro m e
. Th e Pr o t e s t a n t pr e j ud i c e s ,w h i c h ,fo r t h r e e h un d r e d
6 1 Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge _Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,p
. 1 4 2 .
" THENA M EOFROM EPRONOUNCEDWITHREVERENCE. " 2
8
1
y e a r s ,h a v e i n fe c t e d o ur Ch ur c h ,a r e un h a ppi l y t o o d e e pl y r o o t e d
t h e r e t o b e e x t i r pa t e d w i t h o ut a gr e a t d e a l o fa d d r e s s . [Di d h e n o t
r e a l l y m e a n s l y c un n i n g?] We m us t ,t h e n ,o ffe r i n s a c r i fi c e t o Go d
t h i s a r d e n t d e s i r e w h i c h d e v o ur s us o fs e e i n go n c e m o r e t h e pe r fe c t
un i t y o ft h e Ch ur c h o fCh r i s t
. We m us t s t i l l b e a r t h e t e r r i b l e v o i d
w h i c h t h e i s o l a t i o n o fo ur Ch ur c h c r e a t e s i n o ur h e a r t s ,a n d r e m a i n
s t i l l t i l l i t pl e a s e s Go d t o c o n v e r t t h e h e a r t s o fo ur A n gl i c a n c o n fr e r e s ,
e s pe c i a l l y o fo ur h o l y fa t h e r s ,t h e b i s h o ps .
We a r e d e s t i n e d ,l a i n
pe r s ua d e d ,t o b r i n gl a c k m a n y w a n d e r i n g s h e e pt o t h e k n o w l e d ge o f
t h e t r ut h . In fa c t ,t h e pr o gr e s s o fCa t h o l i c o pi n i o n s i n En gl a n d ,fo r
t h e l a s t s e v e n y e a r s ,i s s o i n c o n c e i v a b l e t h a t n o h o pe s h o ul d a ppe a r
e x t r a v a ga n t . Le t us ,t h e n ,r e m a i n qui e t fo r s o m e y e a r s , TILL,BY
GOD'S BLESSING,THEEA RSOFENGLISHM ENA REBECOM E
A CCUSTOM EDTOHEA RTHENA M EOFROM EPRONOUNCEDWITH
REVERENCE. A t t h e e n d o ft h i s t e r m y o uw i l l s o o n s e e t h e fr ui t s o f
o ur pa t i e n c e . " 6 2
Th e pub l i c a t i o n o ft h i s t r a i t o r o us l e t t e r v e r y n a t ur a l l y
c r e a t e d a gr e a t d e a l o fpub l i c e x c i t e m e n t . It w a s t r a n s -
l a t e d i n t o Ge r m a n a n d It a l i a n ,a n d w i d e l y c i r c ul a t e d o n
t h e c o n t i n e n t ,w h e r e i t pr o d uc e d gr e a t j o y i n t h e Ro m a n
c a m p
.
A M r
. Ha m i l t o n Gr a y o fM a gd a l e n e Co l l e ge ,
Ox fo r d ,w r o t e t o t h e Un i v e r s t o s a y t h a t t h e l e t t e r w a s n o t
w r i t t e n b y a n y m e m b e r o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n pa r t y ,b ut b y
e i t h e r a Lo w Ch ur c h m a n o r a Ro m a n i s t . It s a ut h o r s h i pi s
n o w ,h o w e v e r ,pl a c e d b e y o n d que s t i o n b y t h e pub l i c a t i o n
o fM r . Wa r d 's l i fe b y h i s s o n ,w h o t e l l s us t h a t " t h e
fa c t r e m a i n e d t h a t i t s s e n t i m e n t s w e r e n o t d i s c l a i m e d b y
t h e r e pr e s e n t a t i v e s o ft h e ` e x t r e m e 'pa r t y ,a n d a pr o -
gr a m m e fa r m o r e b o l d a n d o ut s po k e n t h a n a n y t h i n gi n
Tr a c t XC . w a s t h us pr a c t i c a l l y k n o w n t o b e i n c o n t e m pl a t i o n
fo r m o v i n gt h e A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h i n a Ro m e w a r d d i r e c t i o n . "
Se c r e t n e go t i a t i o n s w e r e e n t e r e d i n t o w i t h Dr . Wi s e m a n ,
a n d t h e c o n d i t i o n s o fCo r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e w e r e
d i s c us s e d w i t h h i m ,a t Os c o t t Co l l e ge
. On e o ft h e pl a n s
t h e n d i s c us s e d w a s a s e c r e t a ffi l i a t i o n o ft h e a d v a n c e d
Tr a c t a r i a n s w i t h t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c Fa t h e r s o fCh a r i t y ,
" Ca t h o l i c M a ga z i n e , M a r c h ,1 84 1 ,a s quo t e d i n Br i c k n e l l 's J ud gm e n t o ft h e
Bi s h o ps ,pp
. 6 7 8-80 .

" W. G. Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,p . z 9 o .
2 8 2 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
t h e Tr a c t a r i a n s , a ppa r e n t l y , t o r e m a i n a l l t h e
w h i l e
i n
c o m m un i o n w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o f En gl a n d M r . Wi l fr i d
Wa r d t e l l s us t h a t " M r . Ph i l l i pps [a pr o m i n e n t Ro m a n
Ca t h o l i c ]h a d ur ge d t h a t t h e Fa t h e r s o fCh a r i t y ,t h e Or d e r
o ft h e gr e a t It a l i a n Re fo r m e r A n t o n i o Ro s m i n i ,t h e n
r e pr e s e n t e d i n En gl a n d b y t h e e x c e l l e n t a n d pi o us Fa t h e r
Ge n t i l i , s h o ul d o pe r a t h e i r Or d e r A T ONCE
t o t h e Ox fo r d
s c h o o l , a n d a d a pt i t s r ul e s t o t h e i r po s i t i o n a n d a n t e -
c e d e n t s . " 6 4 Th e s c h e m e c a m e t o n o t h i n g,s o fa r a s t h e
pub l i c a r e a w a r e ,a n d i t i s a s s e r t e d b y M r
. Wi l fr i d Wa r d
t h a t i t " m e t w i t h n o e n c o ur a ge m e n t fr o m Ne w m a n o r
fr o m a n y r e s po n s i b l e m e m b e r s o ft h e pa r t y . " But t h a t
i t s h o ul d b e s e r i o us l y d i s c us s e d a t a l l i s i n i t s e l fs uffi c i e n t l y
s t a r t l i n g,a n d pr o v e s h o w fa r go n e i n d e c e pt i o n t h o s e w e r e
w h o d e s i r e d s uc h a s e c r e t a ffi l i a t i o n w i t h a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
Or d e r .
Dr
. Pus e y 's Ro m e w a r d t e n d e n c i e s w e r e r a pi d l y d e v e l o pi n g .
In t h i s y e a r h e v i s i t e d s e v e r a l Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c Co n v e n t s i n
Ir e l a n d ,w i t h a v i e w t o s t a r t i n gA n gl i c a n Co n v e n t s
i n
En gl a n d . On e o fh i s d i s c i pl e s ,t h e Re v
. E. Ch ur t o n ,s e n t
h i m a n i n d i gn a n t l e t t e r o fpr o t e s t o n h i s a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s t h e
a d v a n c e d Ro m a n i z e r s . " In s t e a d o fc o n t r o l l i n gt h e e b ul l i -
t i o n s o ft h e y o un gw r o n g-h e a d s ,y o uh a v e s uffe r e d y o ur s e l v e s
t o b e i n o c ul a t e d w i t h t h e i r fr e n z i e s . . . . Yo uh a v e l e t t h e m
ge t a h e a d o fy o ua n d d r a gy o ua ft e r t h e m . He n c e y o ur
pr o po s a l o fr e v i v i n gM o n a s t i c Li fe ,a n d y o ur v e r y un fo r t un a t e
a ppe a r a n c e a t Dub l i n [t o v i s i t Ro m i s h Co n v e n t s I,w h i c h h a s
s o d e e pl y pe r pl e x e d o ur b e s t a l l i e s t h e r e . . . . A s fo r
y o ur s e l v e s ,t h a t w h i c h h a s c o m pe l l e d m e ,m o s t un w i l l i n gl y ,
t o fo r s a k e t h a t e n t i r e un i o n w i t h y o ui n w h i c h Ifo un d s o
m uc h c o m fo r t ,h a s b e e n t h a t y o uh a v e s e e m e d t o t r e a t t h e s e
e x c e s s e s a s i ft h e y w e r e pr o v i d e n t i a l i n d i c a t i o n s fo r y o ur
gui d a n c e ,a n d t h o ugh t i t a k i n d o f` que n c h i n gt h e Spi r i t
t o k e e pt h e m w i t h i n r ul e a n d o r d e r . " 86 In r e pl y t o t h i s
6 4 W. G. Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,p . 1 9 o .
6 5 Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l . II. ,p . 2 6 9 .
" A SECRETLONGINGLOVEOFROM E. "

2 83
v e r y o ut s po k e n c o m m un i c a t i o n ,Dr . Pus e y s e n t a l e t t e r
t o M r . Ch ur t o n w h i c h m us t n o w b e c o n s i d e r e d a s fa r
fr o m s a t i s fa c t o r y
.
He m e n t i o n e d w h a t h e t e r m e d " t h e
un n a t ur a l n e s s o fo ur pr e s e n t i n s ul a t e d s t a t e ,s e pa r a t e d
fr o m t h e r e s t o ft h e Ea s t a n d We s t " ;
b ut h e d e c l a r e d
t h a t " t h e r e i s n o w i s h fo r a pr e m a t ur e un i o n ; i t i s o n l y
w i s h e d a n d l o n ge d a n d pr a y e d fo r t h a t w e m a y b o t h b e c o m e
s uc h ,t h a t w e m a y s a fe l y b e un i t e d . " " A s t o M o n a s t i c i s m ,"
h e c o n t i n ue d , "
Ih a v e
l o n g [h o w "
l o n g
" Iw o n d e r ]s t r o n gl y
t h o ugh t t h a t w e n e e d e d s o m e t h i n go ft h i s s o r t
;
i t i s n o t
Ro m a n i s h b ut pr i m i t i v e . . . . It h i n k i t w o ul d b e a gr e a t
b l e s s i n gt o o ur Ch ur c h t o h a v e s o m e s uc h i n s t i t ut i o n s . "
6 6
Dr . Pus e y 's j ud gm e n t w a s d i r e c t l y o ppo s e d t o t h a t o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a s t o M o n a s t i c Or d e r s ,a s a n y o n e c a n
s e e fo r h i m s e l fw h o r e a d s h e r " Ho m i l y On Go o d Wo r k s ,"
Pa r t Th i r d ,i n w h i c h s h e t e r m s t h e m ,i n n o c o m pl i m e n t a r y
l a n gua ge ," s upe r s t i t i o us a n d ph a r i s a i c a l s e c t s ,b y A n t i c h r i s t
i n v e n t e d . " Ea r l y i n 1 84 2 ,t h e Bi s h o po fSa l i s b ur y ( Dr . E.
De n i s o n ) ,Hi gh Ch ur c h m a n t h o ugh h e w a s ,b e c a m e a l a r m e d
a t t h e s pr e a d o fRo m a n i z i n gpr i n c i pl e s i n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,a n d i n d i gn a n t a t t h e c o n d uc t o fDr . Pus e y ,t o
w h o m h e w r o t e o n M a r c h 9 t h ,
1 84 2
: -"
Wi l l y o ua l s o a l l o w
m e t o s a y h o w m uc h Ir e gr e t t h a t y o ue i t h e r h a v e n o t fe l t
d i s po s e d o r n o t a t l i b e r t y t o e x pr e s s a n y s t r o n gd i s a ppr o v a l
o ft h e l a n gua ge a b o ut o ur o w n Ch ur c h a n d t h a t o fRo m e
w h i c h h a s b e e n us e d i n v a r i o us pub l i c a t i o n s , a n d h a s
n a t ur a l l y e x c i t e d a v e r y s t r o n ga n d ge n e r a l s e n s a t i o n
. "
6 7
Wh i l e l a b o ur i n gfo r Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e ,Pus e y
b i t t e r l y o ppo s e d a n y un i o n b e t w e e n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
a n d t h e Lut h e r a n Ch ur c h .
Ne w m a n 's l o v e fo r Po pe r y w a s a l s o gr o w i n gr a pi d l y . He
t e l l s us t h a t : -" In s pi t e o fm y i n gr a i n e d fe a r s o fRo m e ,a n d
t h e d e c i s i o n o fm y r e a s o n a n d c o n s c i e n c e a ga i n s t h e r us a ge s
[h e d o e s n o t s a y h e r d o c t r i n e s ], i n s pi t e o fm y a ffe c t i o n fo r
Ox fo r d a n d Or i e l , y e t Ih a d a s e c r e t l o n gi n gl o v e o fRo m e ,
t h e
6 6
Ib i d . ,p . 2 7 1 ,

6 7 Ib i d . ,p . 2 81 .
2 84 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
M o t h e r o fEn gl i s h Ch r i s t i a n i t y ,a n d Ih a d a t r ue d e v o t i o n
t o t h e Vi r gi n M a r y . "
6 8
He c o n s i d e r e d t h a t t h e A n gl i c a n
Ch ur c h " m us t h a v e a c e r e m o n i a l ,a r i t ua l ,a n d a ful n e s s o f
d o c t r i n e a n d d e v o t i o n ,w h i c h i t h a d n o t a t pr e s e n t ,i fi t w e r e
t o c o m pe t e w i t h t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h w i t h a n y pr o s pe c t o f
s uc c e s s
. . . . Suc h ,fo r i n s t a n c e ,w o ul d b e Co n fr a t e r n i t i e s ,
pa r t i c ul a r d e v o t i o n s ,r e v e r e n c e fo r t h e Bl e s s e d Vi r gi n ,
pr a y e r s fo r t h e d e a d ,b e a ut i ful c h ur c h e s ,m un i fi c e n t o ffe r i n gs
t o t h e m a n d i n t h e m ,M o n a s t i c Ho us e s , a n d
m a n y o t h e r
o b s e r v a n c e s a n d In s t i t ut i o n s ,w h i c h Ius e d t o s a y b e l o n ge d
t o us a s m uc h a s t o Ro m e
. " B9 Th i s w a s a v e r y e x t e n s i v e
Ri t ua l i s t i c " Pl a n o fCa m pa i gn " ; b ut Ife a r t h a t Ic a n n o t -
j ud gi n gb y t h e e v i d e n c e w h i c h Ih a v e a l r e a d y pr o d uc e d -gi v e
Ne w m a n c r e d i t fo r a n y v e r y w a r m d e s i r e t h a t t h e Ch ur c h
o fEn gl a n d s h o ul d " c o m pe t e w i t h t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h w i t h
a n y pr o s pe c t o fs uc c e s s . " He w a n t e d ,n o t c o m pe t i t i o n ,b ut
pe a c e a n d un i o n b e t w e e n t h e Ch ur c h e s . It i s t r ue t h a t h e
m a d e s o m e e ffo r t s t o k e e ppe o pl e fr o m go i n go v e r t o Ro m e
;
b ut w h a t w a s h i s o b j e c t i n d o i n gs o ?To a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
c o r r e s po n d e n t h e w r o t e ,o n A pr i l 8t h ,1 84 1 : -" It i s m y
t r us t ,t h o ugh Im us t n o t b e t o o s a n gui n e ,t h a t w e s h a l l n o t
h a v e i n d i v i d ua l m e m b e r s o fo ur c o m m un i o n go i n go v e r t o
y o ur s . "
7 0
A m o n t h l a t e r h e e x pl a i n e d t h e r e a s o n fo r t h i s
o ppo s i t i o n t o i n d i v i d ua l s e c e s s i o n ,i n a n o t h e r l e t t e r t o a
Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c : -" We a r e k e e pi n gpe o pl e fr o m y o u," h e
w r o t e , "
b y s uppl y i n gt h e i r w a n t s i n o ur o w n Ch ur c h
. We a r e
k e e pi n gpe r s o n s fr o m y o u
: d o y o u
w i s h us t o k e e pt h e m fr o t h
y o ufo r a t i m e o r fo r e v e r ? It r e s t s w i t h y o ut o d e t e r m i n e
. I
d o n o t fe a r t h a t y o uw i l l s uc c e e d a m o n gus ; y o uw i l l n o t
s uppl a n t o ur Ch ur c h i n t h e a ffe c t i o n s o ft h e En gl i s h n a t i o n ;
ONLYTHROUGH THE ENGLISHCHURCH CA NYOUA CT
UPONTHEENGLISHNA TION. Iw i s h ,o fc o ur s e ,o ur Ch ur c h
s h o ul d b e c o n s o l i d a t e d , w i t h a n d t h r o ugh a n d i n y o ur c o m -
m un i o n , fo r i t s s a k e ,a n d y o ur s a k e ,a n d fo r t h e s a k e o fun i t y
. "
7 1
1 8
A po l o gi a Pr o Vi t a Sua ,p . 1 6 5 . Ed i t i o n ,1 889 .
0 9 Ib i d . ,p . 1 6 6

i 0 Ib i d . ,p . 1 88 .

7 1 Ib i d . ,p. 1 9 1
.
ROM A NIZING DOCTRINES.

2 85
So t h a t , a ft e r a l l ,Ne w m a n d i d n o t w i s h t o k e e pt h e
En gl i s h pe o pl e fr o m Ro m e " fo r e v e r ," b ut o n l y " fo r a
t i m e ," d ur i n gw h i c h Ro m e s h o ul d h a v e a c h a n c e t o
" a c t
upo n t h e En gl i s h n a t i o n " i n h e r o w n i n t e r e s t s t A r e n o t
t h e s e t h e s l y t a c t i c s c a r r i e d o n b y t h e m a j o r i t y o ft h e
Ri t ua l i s t s i n o ur o w n d a y ?
In 1 84 3 ,Ne w m a n ,a s w e
h a v e a l r e a d y s t a t e d ,pub l i c l y w i t h d r e w t h e d e n un c i a t i o n s
o fRo m e w h i c h d ur i n gt h e pr e v i o us t e n y e a r s h e h a d
ut t e r e d ,a s s o m a n y " d i r t y w o r d s
. " In t h e s a m e y e a r
m a n y o ft h e e a r l y fr i e n d s o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n M o v e m e n t b e ga n
t o b e a l a r m e d a t t h e r a pi d pr o gr e s s w h i c h t h e i r fo l l o w e r s
w e r e m a k i n gt o w a r d s Ro m e ,a n d s o m e o ft h e m w i t h d r e w
fr o m t h e pa r t y o n t h a t a c c o un t :
o ft h e s e ,t h e m o s t pr o m i n e n t
w a s t h e Re v . Wi l l i a m Pa l m e r ,w h o h a d w o r k e d fo r t h e
M o v e m e n t s i n c e i t s c o m m e n c e m e n t i n 1 83 3 . He pub l i s h e d
t h e r e a s o n s fo r h i s w i t h d r a w a l i n a pa m ph l e t e n t i t l e d ,A
Na r r a t i v e o fEv e n t s c o n n e c t e d w i t h t h e Pub l i c a t i o n o ft h e Tr a c t s
fo r t h e Ti m e s ,w i t h Re fl e c t i o n s o n t h e Ex i s t i n gTe n d e n c i e s t o
Ro m a n i s m . Th i s pa m ph l e t ,w i t h a d d i t i o n s ,w a s r e -i s s ue d b y
i t s a ut h o r ,i n 1 883
. In t h e c o ur s e o fi t M r
. Pa l m e r gi v e s
a m pl e pr o o fo ft h e Ro m i s h t e n d e n c y o ft h e M o v e m e n t ,a s
i t t h e n e x i s t e d ,b y a s e r i e s o fe x t r a c t s fr o m t h e w r i t i n gs o f
i t s l e a d e r s ,w h o s e pr i n c i pl e s ,h e a ffi r m e d , "
t e n d t o t h e
r e s t o r a t i o n o fRo m a n i s m i n i t s ful l e s t e x t e n t ,a n d t h e t o t a l
s ub v e r s i o n o ft h e Re fo r m a t i o n . "
7 9
Fr o m t h e s e e x t r a c t s I
s e l e c t t h e fo l l o w i n g : -
" We t a l k o ft h e b l e s s i n gs o f` e m a n c i pa t i o n fr o m t h e Pa pa l y o k e ,'
a n d us e o t h e r ph r a s e s o fa l i k e
b o l d a n d un d ut i ful t e n o ur . We t r us t ,
o fc o ur s e ,t h a t a c t i v e a n d v i s i b l e un i o n w i t h t h e Se e o fRo m e i s n o t
o ft h e e s s e n c e o ft h e Ch ur c h ; a t t h e s a m e t i m e w e a r e d e e pl y c o n -
s c i o us t h a t i n l a c k i n gi t ,fa r fr o m a s s e r t i n ga r i gh t ,
w e fo r e go a gr e a t
pr i v i l e ge . " 7 3
" [Th e Po pe i s ]t h e e a r t h l y r e pr e s e n t a t i v e o fh e r [t h e Ch ur c h 's ]-
Di v i n e He a d
. "
n Pa l m e r 's Na r r a t i v e ,p . 1 6 5, Ed i t i o n ,1 883 .

7
m i d . ,p. 1 6 1 .
2 86 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
" Th e Ho l y Se e [i s ]t h e pr o pe r m e d i um o fc o m m un i o n w i t h t h e
Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h . " i 4
Th i s t e n d e n c y t o Ro m a n i s m d o e s n o t a ppe a r t o h a v e
gi v e n a n y a l a r m t o s uc h w e l l -k n o w n m e m b e r s o ft h e pa r t y a s
t h e Re v . J o h n Ke b l e a n d M r . Gl a d s t o n e . Th e fo r m e r ,o n
M a y 1 4 t h ,1 84 3 ,w r o t e t o Ne w m a n : -" Ce r t a i n l y t h e r e i s a
gr e a t y e a r n i n ge v e n a ft e r Ro m e i n m a n y pa r t s o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
w h i c h s e e m s t o b e a c c o m pa n i e d w i t h s o m uc h go o d t h a t o n e
h o pe s , i fi t b e r i gh t , i t w i l l b e a l l o w e d t o ga i n s t r e n gt h . "
7 1
If
Ke b l e w e r e a t t h a t t i m e a t r ul y l o y a l s o n o ft h e Re fo r m e d
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,w o ul d h e h a v e r e j o i c e d a t t h i s " gr e a t
y e a r n i n ge v e n a ft e r Ro m e ," a n d h a v e h o pe d t h a t i t w o ul d
ga i n s t r e n gt h
" ? Ofc o ur s e t h i s w a s w r i t t e n i n c o n fi d e n c e ,
a n d Ke b l e n e v e r c o ul d h a v e a n t i c i pa t e d t h a t i t w o ul d e v e r
h a v e b e e n m a d e pub l i c ,o r t h e r e c a n b e n o d o ub t h e w o ul d
h a v e w r i t t e n w i t h gr e a t e r c a ut i o n . In t h e Fo r e i gn a n d
Co l o n i a l Q ua r t e r l y Re v i e w fo r Oc t o b e r ,1 84 3 ,M r
. Gl a d s t o n e
w r o t e a n a r t i c l e o n " Th e Pr e s e n t St a t e o ft h e Ch ur c h ," i n
w h i c h h e a d m i t t e d t h a t t h e r e w e r e a t t h a t pe r i o d ,w i t h i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -
" Pr o pa ga t o r s o fCa t h o l i c t e n e t s a n d us a ge s ,w h o d o n o t s c r upl e t o
d e n o un c e Pr o t e s t a n t i s m a s a pr i n c i pl e o fun m i x e d e v i l ; i n w h o m t h e
a t t r a c t i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h 's e s s e n t i a l Ca t h o l i c i t y i s s uffi c i e n t ,b ut o n l y
j us t s uffi c i e n t ,t o o v e r c o m e t h e r e pul s i v e fo r c e o ft h e Pr o t e s t a n t
e l e m e n t s a d m i t t e d i n t o h e r i n s t i t ut i o n s ; a n d w h o d o n o t d i s s e m b l e
t h a t ,i n t h e i r v i e w ,Ro m e ,i fn o t a t r ue n o r m a l pa t t e r n o f Ch r i s t i a n i t y ,
i s y e t t h e b e s t e x i s t i n gs t a n d a r d ,a n d o n e t o w h i c h w e o ugh t t o s e e k
t o c o n fo r m
. Ro m e ,w h o i s a l w a y s a t o ur ga t e s a s a fo e ,t h o ugh i n h e r
l e gi t i m a t e s ph e r e s h e b e a l s o a n e l d e r s i s t e r . Wi t h t h i s fo e t h e y
pa r l e y ,a n d i n t h e h e a r i n g o f t h e pe o pl e o n t h e w a l l . A t t h e s a m e
t i m e t h e y r e l e n t l e s s l y pur s ue ,w i t h r e b uk e a n d i n v e c t i v e ,t h e Pr o t e s t a n t
n a m e . "
7 6
On e w o ul d h a v e s uppo s e d t h a t M r
. Gl a d s t o n e w o ul d h a v e
r e c o m m e n d e d t h a t s uc h a s e t o ft r a i t o r s s h o ul d a t o n c e h a v e
b e e n t ur n e d o ut o ft h e Ch ur c h i n d i s gr a c e
. Th a t i s w h a t
7 4
Pa l m e r 's Na r r a t i v e ,p . 1 6 3 .

7 6
Lo c k 's - 7
o h n Ke b l e ,p . i a o .
7 6 Gl a d s t o n e 's Gl e a n i n gs o fPa s t Ye a r s ,Vo l . V. ,p . 6 6 .
" THEHOLYEXA M PLE" OFTHEROM A NIZERS
. 2 87
t h e y r i c h l y d e s e r v e d
. But ,un fo r t un a t e l y ,h e h e a pe d uppr a i s e
o n t h e t r a i t o r s ,a n d h o pe d t h e y w o ul d n o t go o v e r t o Ro m e ,
b ut r e m a i n i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a n d
"
e n l i gh t e n i t "
b y t h e i r
" h o l y e x a m pl e . "
" A l t h o ugh ," w r o t e M r
. Gl a d s t o n e ," w e c a r e ful l y d i s t i n gui s h t h i s
s e c t i o n fr o m t h e l e gi t i m a t e Ca t h o l i c d e v e l o pm e n t ,o fw h i c h w e b e l i e v e
i t t o b e a n e x a gge r a t i o n ,
w e r e j o i c e t h a t t h e s e e x c e l l e n t pe r s o n s a b i d e i n
t h e Ch ur c h ,t o e n l i gh t e n i t b y t h e h o l y e x a m pl e o ft h e i r l i v e s
. We
r e j o i c e t h a t t h e y fe e l t h e a w ful r e s po n s i b i l i t y o ft h a t c o n d e m n a t i o n ,
w h i c h t h e y w o ul d un d e r t a k e t o pr o n o un c e a ga i n s t h e r ,b y t h e a c t o f
qui t t i n gh e r c o m m un i o n . "
7 7
A n d w h a t w a s " t h e h o l y e x a m pl e "
w h i c h t h e s e m e n w e r e
s h o w i n gt o t h e Ch ur c h
? A fe w w e e k s a ft e r M r
. Gl a d s t o n e
t h us h e l d t h e m upfo r a d m i r a t i o n ,t h e y w e r e d e s c r i b e d b y
M r
. Ne w m a n ,w h o k n e w t h e m b e t t e r t h a n a n y m a n l i v i n g,
a s m e n " w h o fe e l t h e y c a n w i t h a s a fe c o n s c i e n c e
r e m a i n w i t h us
[i . e . ,
i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ],w h i l e t h e y
a r e a l l o w e d t o t e s t i fy i n b e h a l fo fCa t h o l i c i s m ,a n d t o pr o -
m o t e i t s i n t e r e s t s , i . e . ,
a s i fb y s uc h a c t s t h e y w e r e put t i n g
o ur Ch ur c h ,o r a t l e a s t a po r t i o n o fi t ,i n w h i c h t h e y a r e
i n c l ud e d ,i n t h e po s i t i o n o fCa t e c h um e n s .
Th e y t h i n k t h e y
m a y s t a y ,w h i l e t h e y a r e m o v i n gt h e m s e l v e s ,o t h e r s ,n a y ,s a y t h e
w h o l e Ch ur c h ,t o w a r d s Ro m e
. "
7 s
Th e pub l i c a t i o n o fM r
. Pa l m e r 's pa m ph l e t l e d t o t h e
Re v
. Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d w r i t i n gh i s n o t o r i o us a n d
Ro m a n i z i n gw o r k e n t i t l e d ,t h e
Id e a l o fa Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h ,
w h i c h w a s a v o w e d l y a r e pl y t o M r . Pa l m e r . M r . Wa r d ,
s h o r t l y b e fo r e t h e t i m e w h e n h e w r o t e t h e
Id e a l , h a v i n g
h e a r d t h a t t h e Re v
. R. W. Si b t h o r ph a d l e ft t h e Ch ur c h
o fRo m e ,a n d r e t ur n e d t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,o fw h i c h
h e h a d a t o n e t i m e b e e n a n o r d a i n e d M i n i s t e r ,w a s gr e a t l y
a n n o y e d ,a n d v e n t e d h i s i n d i gn a t i o n i n a l e t t e r t o M r .
Ph i l l i pps ,a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c ,i n t h e s e t e r m s : -" By t h i s
t i m e y o uh a v e d o ub t l e s s h e a r d o fM r
. Si b t h o r p's s t e p .
r Ib i d . ,p
. 7 0 -
M ; d e m o i r s o fJ a m e s IR . h o pe -Sc o t t ,
Vo 1 . II. ,p
. 2 5
.
2 88 SECRET
HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
Ho w un s pe a k a b l y d r e a d ful : i t m a k e s o n e s i c k t o t h i n k o f
i t . . . . Hi s r e c e pt i o n a m o n gus [Tr a c t a r i a n s ]w i l l b e ,I
ful l y e x pe c t ,o ft h e m o s t r e pul s i v e c h a r a c t e r ; Ifo r o n e s h a l l
d e c l i n e a n y i n t e r c o ur s e w i t h h i m w h a t e v e r . " 7 9
Th a t Ro m a n i z i n gt e n d e n c i e s e x i s t e d i n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d M r . Wa r d c a n d i d l y a c k n o w l e d ge d , a n d e v e n
e x pr e s s e d h i s j o y a t t h e fa c t . In h i s Id e a l h e quo t e s ,a s
a c c ur a t e ,t h e s t a t e m e n t o ft h e Ch r i s t i a n Re m e i n b r a n c e r , fo r
No v e m b e r ,1 84 3 ( t h e qua r t e r l y o r ga n o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s ) ,
w h i c h a ffi r m e d t h a t t h e " t e n d e n c i e s t o Ro m e " w e r e
" d e e pl y s e a t e d a n d w i d e l y s pr e a d i n g"
; a n d t h a t m e m b e r s
o ft h e pa r t y w e r e " b y h un d r e d s s t r a ggl i n gt o w a r d s Ro m e . " 80
In t h i s s a m e Id e a l M r . Wa r d ,r e fe r r i n gt o t h e Tw e l ft h o f
t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s ,d e c l a r e d : -" Is ub s c r i b e i t m y s e l f
i n a n o n -n a t ur a l s e n s e
. " A t pa ge 56 5h e w r o t e
: -" We
fi n d ,o h m o s t j o y ful ,m o s t w o n d e r ful ,m o s t un e x pe c t e d
s i gh t ! w e fi n d t h e w h o l e c y c l e o fRo m a n d o c t r i n e gr a d ua l l y
po s s e s s i n gn um b e r s o fEn gl i s h Ch ur c h m e n . " A t pa ge 56 7
h e w r o t e : -"
Th r e e y e a r s h a v e pa s s e d ,s i n c e Is a i d pl a i n l y ,
t h a t i n s ub s c r i b i n gt h e A r t i c l e s ,
I
r e n o un c e n o o n e Ro m a n
d o c t r i n e . "
It i s n o t t o b e w o n d e r e d a t t h a t d i s l o y a l ut t e r a n c e s
s uc h a s t h e s e r a i s e d a h ur r i c a n e o fi n d i gn a n t o ppo s i t i o n i n
t h e Ch ur c h . It w o ul d h a v e b e e n a l a s t i n gd i s gr a c e t o h e r
h a d s uc h s t a t e m e n t s b e e n a l l o w e d t o pa s s un c h a l l e n ge d .
On No v e m b e r l o t h ,1 84 4 ,M r . Wa r d w a s s um m o n e d t o
a ppe a r b e fo r e t h e Vi c e -Ch a n c e l l o r o f t h e Un i v e r s i t y o f
Ox fo r d .
Wh e n h e a ppe a r e d h e w a s a s k e d w h e t h e r
h e
d e n i e d t h e a ut h o r s h i po ft h e Id e a l o fa Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h
;
a n d w h e t h e r h e d i s a v o w e d c e r t a i n pa s s a ge s i n t h e b o o k
?
M r . Wa r d r e pl i e d ,a s k i n gfo r m o r e t i m e b e fo r e h e a n s w e r e d
t h e s e que s t i o n s . Th i s w a s gr a n t e d t o h i m .
He a ga i n
a ppe a r e d b e fo r e t h e Vi c e -Ch a n c e l l o r o n De c e m b e r 3 r d ,
w h e n ,a c t i n gun d e r l e ga l a d v i c e ,h e r e fus e d t o a n s w e r t h e
7 a
TV. G. Wa r d a n d t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t ,pp . 2 0 1 ,2 0 2 ,
e 1 Wa r d 's Id e a l o fa Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h ,p. 56 6 . Se c o n d e d i t i o n .
PUSEY'SEULOGYOFTHEJ ESUITS.

2 89
que s t i o n s . On De c e m b e r 1 3 t h ,n o t i c e w a s gi v e n t h a t a t a
Co n v o c a t i o n t o b e h e l d o n Fe b r ua r y 1 3 t h ,1 84 5,c e r t a i n
pr o po s i t i o n s w o ul d b e pl a c e d b e fo r e Co n v o c a t i o n ,t w o o f
w h i c h w e r e a s fo l l o w s : -
( i ) " Th a t t h e pa s s a ge s n o w r e a d fr o m a b o o k e n t i t l e d t h e Id e a l o f
a
Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h Co n s i d e r e d , a r e ut t e r l y i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e
A r t i c l e s o fRe l i gi o n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a n d w i t h t h e d e c l a r a -
t i o n i n r e s pe c t o ft h o s e A r t i c l e s m a d e a n d s ub s c r i b e d b y Wi l l i a m
Ge o r ge Wa r d pr e v i o us l y a n d i n o r d e r t o h i s b e i n ga d m i t t e d t o t h e
d e gr e e s o fB . A . a n d M . A . r e s pe c t i v e l y ,a n d w i t h t h e go o d fa i t h o f
h i m ,t h e s a i d Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d ,i n r e s pe c t o fs uc h d e c l a r a t i o n
a n d s ub s c r i pt i o n . "
( z ) " Th a t t h e s a i d Wi l l i a m Ge o r ge Wa r d h a s d i s e n t i t l e d h i m s e l f
t o t h e r i gh t s a n d pr i v i l e ge s c o n v e y e d b y t h e s a i d d e gr e e s ,a n d i s
h e r e b y d e gr a d e d fr o m t h e s a i d d e gr e e s o fB . A . a n d M . A . r e s pe c t i v e l y . "
Th e a n n o un c e m e n t o ft h i s pr o po s e d a c t i o n i n Co n v o c a t i o n
c r e a t e d i n t e n s e e x c i t e m e n t t h r o ugh o ut t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,a n d r a i s e d t h e a n ge r o ft h e a d v a n c e d Tr a c t a r i a n s
-i n c l ud i n gDr
. Pus e y a n d M r . Gl a d s t o n e -t o a b o i l i n g
s t a t e . Th e a t t i t ud e o fDr . Ho o k t o w a r d s t h e b o o k w a s
v e r y r e m a r k a b l e . Fi r s t o fa l l ,h e d e c l a r e d t h a t Wa r d h a d
"
m a l i gn e d t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h fo r t h e pur po s e o fe ul o gi z i n g
t h a t o fRo m e . " 81 Dr . Pus e y i n fo r m e d h i m t h a t a l t h o ugh h e
"
d i d n o t a gr e e w i t h t h e b o o k ," y e t t h a t -
" Wa r d i s r e a l l y v e r y gr e a t l y b e n e fi t i n gt h e Ch ur c h b y h i s pr a c t i c a l
s ugge s t i o n s a n d o pe n i n gpe o pl e 's e y e s t o a m e n d t h i n gs . It i s
s h o c k i n gt o t h i n k o f ` d e gr a d i n g'o n e b y w h o m w e a r e b e n e fi t i n g . " 82
A t fi r s t Ho o k d e c i d e d n o t t o v o t e a t a l l o n t h e que s t i o n
t o b e b r o ugh t b e fo r e Co n v o c a t i o n . Dr
. Pus e y 's pub l i c a t i o n s ,
m o r e e s pe c i a l l y h i s pr a i s e o fIgn a t i us Lo y o l a ,t h e fo un d e r
o ft h e J e s ui t s ,h a d gr e a t l y d i s pl e a s e d h i m .
" Id o h o n e s t l y c o n fe s s ," h e w r o t e t o Pus e y ," t h a t t h e pub l i c a t i o n
o fRo m i s h M e t h o d i s m b y y o ur s e l f,a n d y o ur e ul o gy o ft h e fo un d e r
o ft h e J e s ui t s ,h a d s o m e i n fl ue n c e upo n m y m i n d ,a n d m a k e s m e
pa us e a s a s t r o n g,d e c i d e d ,v e h e m e n t A n t i -Ro m a n i s t .
Th e s e
pub l i c a t i o n s a n d t h e l e ge n d a r y Li v e s o ft h e Sa i n t s w i l l h a v e t h e
e 'Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l . II. ,p
. 4 1 5-
Ib i d . ,P
4 2 1 -
1 9
2 9 0 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
s a m e e ffe c t i n En gl a n d a s t h e fa n a t i c a l m o v e m e n t i n Fr a n c e ; t h e y
w i l l m a k e m e n d e c i d e d In fi d e l s . " 83
On Fe b r ua r y 1 3 t h Wa r d a ppe a r e d b e fo r e t h e Co n v o c a t i o n ,
a n d m a d e a d e fe n c e o fh i s b o o k ,a ft e r w h i c h i t w a s
c o n d e m n e d b y a m a j o r i t y o f3 9 1 v o t e s ; h i s d e gr a d a t i o n
w a s a ffi r m e d b y a m a j o r i t y o f58o n l y . A t t h e s a m e
m e e t i n go f t h e Co n v o c a t i o n a pr o po s a l w a s m a d e t o
c e n s ur e Tr a c t XC . ,a n d t h e r e c a n b e n o d o ub t t h a t i t
w o ul d h a v e b e e n c a r r i e d w e r e i t n o t t h a t t h e Pr o c t o r s r o s e
a n d v e t o e d t h e m o t i o n ,w h i c h c o n s e que n t l y h a d t o b e
a b a n d o n e d . On e o ft h e Pr o c t o r s a ft e r w a r d s w a s pr o m o t e d
t o t h e De a n e r y o fSt . Pa ul 's ( Dr
. Ch ur c h ) ,a n d e v e n
r e c e i v e d t h e o ffe r o ft h e A r c h b i s h o pr i c o fCa n t e r b ur y o n t h e
d e a t h o fDr . Ta i t .
Dr . Ho o k a n d M r . Gl a d s t o n e b o t h v o t e d a ga i n s t
t h e c o n d e m n a t i o n o fM r . Wa r d 's b o o k ,a n d a ga i n s t h i s
d e gr a d a t i o n . M r . Gl a d s t o n e 's v o t e w a s gi v e n a ft e r a c a r e ful
s t ud y o ft h e
Id e a l o fa Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h . In t h e De c e m b e r ,
1 84 4 ,i s s ue o ft h e Q ua r t e r l y Re v i e w h e h a d w r i t t e n a l e n gt h y
r e v i e w o ft h e b o o k ,i n w h i c h ,w h i l e h e c r i t i c i s e d m a n y o f
M r . Wa r d 's s t a t e m e n t s ,a n d e x pr e s s e d h i s d i s s e n t fr o m t h e m ,
h e a t t h e s a m e t i m e ga v e e x pr e s s i o n t o h i s o w n v i e w s o f
M r . Wa r d 's a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s Ro m e i n t e r m s w h i c h ga v e
gr e a t o ffe n c e t o l o y a l Ch ur c h m e n .
" We a r e pr e pa r e d t o c o n t e n d ," w r o t e M r . Gl a d s t o n e ," t h a t
e v e n t h o s e w h o m a y b e i n fl ue n c e d m o r e o r l e s s b y t h e s y m pa t h i e s
w h i c h M r . Wa r d h a s a v o w e d fo r Ro m i s h o pi n i o n s ,a n d b y h i s
a n t i pa t h y t o t h e pr o c e e d i n gs t a k e n a t t h e Re fo r m a t i o n ,a r e i n
n o d e gr e e t h e r e b y r e l e a s e d fr o m t h e i r o b l i ga t i o n t o c o n t i n ue i n
t h e c o m m un i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h . Ift h e i r pr i v a t e j ud gm e n t pr e fe r s
t h e r e l i gi o us s y s t e m o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e t o t h e i r o w n ,
a n d
e v e n h o l d s t h e un i o n o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h w i t h Ro m e t o b e
n e c e s s a r y t o h e r pe r fe c t i o n a s a Ch ur c h ,y e t ,s o l o n ga s t h e y
c a n n o t d e n y t h a t s h e i s
t h e i r s pi r i t ua l pa r e n t a n d gui d e o r d a i n e d
o fGo d Lt h e y o w e t o h e r n o t m e r e l y a d h e s i o n ,b ut a l l e gi a n c e . . . .
Th e d o c t r i n e t h a t s uc h pe r s o n s o ugh t t o qui t t h e pa l e o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
83 Li fe o f
Dr . Pus e y , Vo l . II. ,P . 4 3 1 .
DR. HOOK ON SECESSION TO ROM E.

2 9 1
i n o ur v i e w b o t h d r i v e s t h e m upo n s i n ,a n d l i k e w i s e c o n s t i t ut e s
a n un w a r r a n t a b l e i n v a s i o n o ft h e l i b e r t y w h i c h t h e Ch ur c h h e r s e l f
h a s i n t e n d e d fo r t h e m . " 84
Iv e n t ur e t o s ub m i t t h a t M r . Gl a d s t o n e 's a r gum e n t w o ul d
n o t b e a c c e pt e d i n t h e A r m y . If,i n a t i m e o fw a r fa r e ,i t
w e r e d i s c o v e r e d t h a t s o m e o ft h e o ffi c e r s i n a c i t a d e l pr e -
fe r r e d t h e r ul e o ft h e e n e m y t o t h a t o ft h e i r o w n s o v e r e i gn ,
a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e w e r e a c t i v e l y a t w o r k fo r t h e pur po s e
o fh a n d i n go v e r t h e w h o l e c i t a d e l t o t h e e n e m y ,t h e
a ut h o r i t i e s w o ul d s o o n d e a l w i t h t h e t r a i t o r s i n a v e r y
d i ffe r e n t m a n n e r fr o m t h a t s ugge s t e d b y M r . Gl a d s t o n e fo r
t h e t r a i t o r o ffi c e r s o ft h e Ch ur c h M i l i t a n t . It w o ul d n o t b e
t h o ugh t " a n un w a r r a n t a b l e i n v a s i o n o ft h e l i b e r t y
" o ft h o s e
o ffi c e r s t o t r e a t t h e m a s t h e y d e s e r v e d ; i n d e e d ,i t w o ul d b e
c o n s i d e r e d a b o un d e n d ut y t o d e pr i v e t h e m a t o n c e o ft h e i r
c o m m i s s i o n s i n t h e a r m y ,a n d t ur n t h e m o ut o fi t i n
d i s gr a c e .
It m us t n o t b e s uppo s e d t h a t Dr . Ho o k 's v o t e i n d e fe n c e
o fWa r d w a s t h e r e s ul t o fa n y w i s h o n h i s pa r t t o a i d
i n t h e r e un i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w i t h t h e Pa pa c y
.
In d i v i d ua l o r c o r po r a t e r e un i o n w i t h Ro m e w a s e v e r a n
a b o m i n a t i o n t o Ho o k ,w h o ,i n h i s l a t e r y e a r s ,fo ugh t m o s t
v i go r o us l y a ga i n s t t h e m o r e a d v a n c e d Ro m a n i z e r s . A t t h e
c l o s e o ft h e y e a r 1 84 4 h e v i e w e d w i t h h o r r o r t h e t h o ugh t
t h a t Ne w m a n m i gh t s e c e d e ,a n d r e j o i c e d w h e n h e h e a r d a
r um o ur t h a t h e w o ul d n o t go o v e r . In t h i s c h e e r ful fr a m e
o fm i n d h e w r o t e t o Dr . Pus e y : -
" Ia m s o gl a d a n d t h a n k ful t h a t Ne w m a n h a s b e e n s a v e d fr o m
t h i s d o w n fa l l
: m a y h e b e s t i l l pr e s e r v e d fr o m t h e fa n gs o fSa t a n .
A l t h o ugh Ia m qui t e c o n v i n c e d t h a t t h e n um b e r o fRo m a n i z e r s i s v e r y
s m n a l l ,y e t t h e r e a r e s e v e r a l pe r s o n s w h o w o ul d fo l l o w Ne w m a n ,a n d I
s h o ul d m y s e l ffe a r t h a t a n y pe r s o n go i n gfr o m l i gh t t o d a r k n e s s w o ul d
e n d a n ge r h i s s a l v a t i o n . I
s h o ul d fe a r t h a t i t w o ul d b e s c a r c e l y
po s s i b l e fo r a n y o n e w h o s h o ul d a po s t a t i z e fr o m t h e o n l y t r ue Ch ur c h
o fGo d i n t h i s c o un t r y t o t h e Po pi s h s e c t ,t o e s c a pe pe r d i t i o n
; h a v i n g
1 1
Gl a d s t o n e 's Gl e a n i n gs ,Vo l . V. ,pp . 1 52 ,1 53
.
1 9
2 9 2
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
y i e l d e d t o Sa t a n i n o n e t e m pt a t i o n h e w i l l go o n s i n k i n gd e e pe r a n d
d e e pe r i n t o t h e b o t t o m l e s s pi t . " 85
In t h i s l e t t e r Dr
. Ho o k fur t h e r a s s e r t e d t h a t Ro m e i s
i d e n t i c a l w i t h A n t i c h r i s t ,a n d t h a t " Ro m a n i s m i s pr e pa r i n g
t h e w a y fo r i n fi d e l i t y . " Dr . Pus e y w a s n o t a t a l l pl e a s e d
w i t h t h i s l e t t e r
. It a n n o y e d h i m v e r y m uc h t o h e a r fr o m
h i s fr i e n d s uc h pl a i n d e n un c i a t i o n s o ft h e Pa pa l Co m m un i o n ;
a n d t h e r e fo r e h e w r o t e b a c k a l e t t e r o fpr o t e s t a ga i n s t Ho o k 's
s t r o n gl a n gua ge : -
" Ia m ," w r o t e Pus e y ," fr i gh t e n e d a t y o ur c a l l i n gRo m e A n t i c h r i s t ,
o r a fo r e r un n e r o fi t
. Ib e l i e v e A n t i c h r i s t w i l l b e i n fi d e l ,a n d a r i s e
o ut o fw h a t c a l l s i t s e l fPr o t e s t a n t i s m , a n d t h e n Ro m e a n d En gl a n d
w i l l h e un i t e d i n o n e
t o o ppo s e i t . Pr o t e s t a n t i s m i s i n fi d e l ,o r
v e r gi n gt o w a r d s i t ,a s a w h o l e . " 86
Pus e y 's h a t r e d o fPr o t e s t a n t i s m h e r e c o m e s o ut i n t h e
s t r o n ge s t l i gh t
; a n d h i s h a t r e d o fi t w a s s h a r e d b y t h e o t h e r
l e a d e r s o fh i s pa r t y . But h e c o ul d n o t b e a r t o h e a r a n y o f
h i s d i s c i pl e s o r fr i e n d s s a y a n y t h i n ga ga i n s t Ro m e . So o n
a ft e r h e h a d w r i t t e n t h e a b o v e l e t t e r t o Dr . Ho o k ,h e w a s
v e r y d i s a ppo i n t e d w i t h t h e n e w Ch a r ge o fA r c h d e a c o n
M a n n i n g,b e c a us e o fi t s s e v e r e c r i t i c i s m o ft h e Pa pa c y . So
h e w r o t e t o M a n n i n g : -
"
Th a n k y o ufo r y o ur Ch a r ge . Wh i l e i t i s i n a c h e e r i n gt o n e ,i s
t h e r e qui t e l o v e e n o ugh fo r t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h ?
. . . Io n l y d e s i d e r a t e
m o r e l o v e fo r Ro m e . "
87
In t h e l i gh t o fM a n n i n g's s ub s e que n t h i s t o r y i t d o e s
i n d e e d s e e m s t r a n ge t o fi n d h i m t h us c e n s ur e d a t t h i s
pe r i o d fo r n o t l o v i n gRo m e e n o ugh
. M a n n i n gd i d n o t
a gr e e w i t h Pus e y
o n t h i s s ub j e c t . Th e r e w a s m o r e
m a n l i n e s s i n h i s r e pl y t h a n c o ul d b e fo un d i n t h e l e t t e r o f
h i s l e a d e r : -
"
On e po w e r ful o b s t r uc t i o n ," h e w r o t e t o Pus e y ,
" t o t h e v e r y w o r k
i n w h i c h y o ua r e s pe n d i n gy o ur s e l fa r i s e s ,Ib e l i e v e ,o ut o ft h e t o n e
y o uh a v e a d o pt e d t o w a r d s t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . Wi l l y o ufo r gi v e
m e i fIs a y t h a t i t s e e m s t o m e t o b r e a t h e ,n o t c h a r i t y ,b ut w a n t o f
6 5 Li fe o fDr
. Pus e y , Vo 1 . II. ,p . 4 4 6 . 81 Ib i d . ,
P .
4 4 7
•

1 1 Ib i d
. ,R
4 54 .
PUSEYCEA SESTOPROTESTA GA INSTROM E.

2 9 3
d e c i s i o n ? . . . No w w h a t a r e t h e fa c t s b ut t h e s e ?
Th e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e fo r t h r e e h un d r e d y e a r s h a s d e s i r e d o ur e x t i n c t i o n . It i s n o w
un d e r m i n i n gus . Suppo s e y o ur o w n b r o t h e r t o b e l i e v e t h a t h e w a s
d i v i n e l y i n s pi r e d t o d e s t r o y y o u . Th e h i gh e s t d ut i e s w o ul d b i n d y o u
t o d e c i s i v e ,fi r m ,a n d c i r c um s pe c t pr e c a ut i o n
. No w a t o n e o fl o v e
s uc h a s y o us pe a k o fs e e m s t o m e t o b i n d y o ua l s o t o s pe a k pl a i n l y o f
t h e b r o a d a n d gl a r i n ge v i l s o ft h e Ro m a n s y s t e m .
A r e y o upr e pa r e d
t o d o t h i s ?
Ifn o t ,i t s e e m s t o m e t h a t t h e m o s t po w e r ful w a r n i n gs
o fc h a r i t y fo r b i d y o ut o us e a t o n e w h i c h c a n n o t b ut l a y a s l e e pt h e
c o n s c i e n c e s o fm a n y fo r w h o m ,b y w r i t i n ga n d pub l i s h i n g,y o um a k e
y o ur s e l fr e s po n s i b l e . " 88
Dr . Pus e y 's b i o gr a ph e r a c k n o w l e d ge s t h a t h i s " a t t i t ud e
a t t h i s j un c t ur e c r e a t e d pe r pl e x i t y i n s t i l l h i gh e r qua r t e r s . " 89
It s e e m s t o h a v e pe r pl e x e d t h e A r c h b i s h o po fCa n t e r b ur y ,
w h o s e Ch a pl a i n ,t h e Re v . B . Ha r r i s o n ,w r o t e t o Pus e y a
l e t t e r o n t h e s ub j e c t .
Pus e y 's b i o gr a ph e r d o e s n o t pr i n t
t h i s l e t t e r ,b ut h e d o e s pr i n t
t h e r e pl y t o i t ,i n w h i c h
Pus e y 's d i s l i k e fo r un i t y w i t h Pr o t e s t a n t s ,a n d h i s l o v e fo r
m uc h t h a t i s Ro m a n ,i s c a n d i d l y a c k n o w l e d ge d .
" Ic a n n o t ," w r o t e Pus e y ," a n y m o r e t a k e t h e n e ga t i v e gr o un d
a ga i n s t Ro m e ;
Ic a n o n l y r e m a i n n e ut r a l . Ih a v e i n d e e d fo r s o m e
t i m e l e ft o ffa l l e gi n ggr o un d s a ga i n s t Ro m e ,a n d w h e t h e r y o ut h i n k
i t r i gh t o r w r o n g,Ia m s ur e i t i s o fn o us e t o pe r s o n s w h o a r e r e a l l y
i n a n y r i s k o fl e a v i n gus . . . Fr o m m uc h r e a d i n go fRo m a n b o o k s ,
Ia m s o m uc h i m pr e s s e d w i t h t h e s upe r i o r i t y o ft h e i r t e a c h i n g ; a n d
a ga i n ,i n s o m e r e s pe c t s ,Is e e t h i n gs i n A n t i qui t y w h i c h
Id i d n o t
( e s pe c i a l l y Ic a n n o t d e n y s o m e pur i fy i n gs y s t e m i n t h e In t e r m e d i a t e
St a t e ,n o r t h e l a w ful n e s s o fs o m e In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s ) t h a t
Id a r e
n o t s pe a k a ga i n s t t h i n gs . " 9 0
Dr
. Ho o k 's h o pe ful n e s s a s t o t h e s t a t e o fNe w m a n w a s
w i t h o ut s o l i d fo un d a t i o n . No o n e c a n r e a d Ne w m a n 's
Le t t e r s , o r t h e
Li fe o fDr . Puus e y , w i t h o ut fi n d i n ga b un d a n t
e v i d e n c e t o pr o v e t h a t Ne w m a n 's h e a r t h a d b e e n fo r m a n y
y e a r s i n Ro m e ,a n d t h a t ,t o b e c o n s i s t e n t ,h e o ugh t t o h a v e
s e c e d e d s e v e r a l y e a r s b e fo r e h e a c t ua l l y d i d l e a v e t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . So m e e v i d e n c e o fNe w m a n 's l o v e fo r
Ro m e h a s a l r e a d y b e e n gi v e n a b o v e . Th i s m a y n o w b e
18
Ib i d
. ,P4 55 .

"
Ib i d . ,P
.
4 55 .

9 0 Ib i d
. ,PP-4 56 . 4 57 .
2 9 4 SECRETHISTORYOF
THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
s uppl e m e n t e d b y t h e fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t s fr o m h i s l e t t e r s t o
fr i e n d s
. On Se pt e m b e r 1 s t ,1 84 3 ,h e w r o t e t o t h e Re v
.
J . B . M o z l e y : - 1 0
Th e t r ut h t h e n i s ,Ia m n o t a go o d s o n
e n o ugh o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t o fe e l Ic a n i n c o n s c i e n c e
h o l d pr e fe r m e n t un d e r h e r . I
l o v e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e t o o
w e l l . " 9 1
On t h e 2 2 n d o ft h e s a m e m o n t h h e w r o t e t o
M r s . J . M o z l e y : -" Yo uc a n n o t e s t i m a t e w h a t s o m a n y ,
a l a s 1 fe e l a t pr e s e n t ,t h e s t r a n ge e ffe c t pr o d uc e d o n t h e
m i n d w h e n t h e c o n v i c t i o n
fl a s h e s ,o r r a t h e r po ur s ,i n upo n i t
t h a t
Ro m e i s t h e t r ue Ch ur c h . "
s s
He w a s h e r e e v i d e n t l y
s pe a k i n gfo r h i m s e l f,a n d o fh i s o w n
i
0
c o n v i c t i o n s . " Th e
c l a i m s o fRo m e s e e m t o h a v e o c c upi e d h i s m i n d v e r y m uc h
a t t h i s t i m e .
Se v e n d a y s l a t e r h e a ga i n r e fe r r e d t o t h e
s ub j e c t i n a l e t t e r t o M r s . Th o m a s M o z l e y : -
" Id o s o d e s pa i r o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ," w r o t e Ne w m a n ,
a n d a m s o e v i d e n t l y c a s t o ffb y h e r ,a n d ,o n t h e o t h e r h a n d ,Ia m
s o d r a w n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,t h a t It h i n k i t
s a fe r , a s a m a t t e r
o f h o n e s t y ,
n o t t o k e e pm y l i v i n g . Th i s i s a v e r y d i ffe r e n t t h i n g
fr o m h a v i n ga n y i n t e n t i o n o fj o i n i n gt h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
. Ho w e v e r ,
t o a v o w ge n e r a l l y a s m uc h a s Ih a v e s a i d ,w o ul d b e w r o n gfo r t e n
t h o us a n d r e a s o n s . "
9 3
So h e k e pt h i s l o n gi n gs fo r Ro m e a s a s e c r e t w i t h i n h i s
o w n b r e a s t ,a n d t h o s e o fa fe w r e l a t i v e s a n d n e a r fr i e n d s
w h o m h e c o ul d t r us t
. Th e c o n s e que n c e o ft h i s w a s t h a t
h e a ppe a r e d t o t h e pub l i c i n a c h a r a c t e r d i ffe r e n t fr o m t h a t
w h i c h w a s r e a l l y h i s
. A m o n t h l a t e r h e h a d c o m e t o t h e
o pi n i o n t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s
" n o t pa r t o ft h e
Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h . " He w r o t e t o Dr
. M a n n i n g,o n Oc t o b e r
2 5t h ,1 84 3 : -
" Im us t t e l l y o ut h e n fr a n k l y ( b ut Ic o m b a t a r gum e n t s w h i c h t o
m e ,a l a s ,a r e s h a d o w s ) t h a t i t i s n o t fr o m d i s a ppo i n t m e n t ,i r r i t a t i o n ,
o r i m pa t i e n c e ,t h a t Ih a v e ,w h e t h e r r i gh t l y o r w r o n gl y ,r e s i gn e d
St . M a r y 's
; b ut b e c a us e
It h i n k t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e t h e Ca t h o l i c
Ch ur c h ,a n d o ur s n o pa r t o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,b e c a us e n o t i n c o m -
7 1
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p . 4 2 3 .
9 4 Ib i d . ,p . 4 2 4 .

'8 Ib i d . ,p . 4 2 5 .
" M YSA LVA TIONDEPENDSONJ OININGROM E. "
2 9 5
m un i o n w i t h Ro m e ; a n d b e c a us e I fe e l t h a t I c o ul d n o t h o n e s t l y b e a
t e a c h e r i n i t a n y l o n ge r . "
9 4
Th e a r gum e n t s w h i c h t h us i n d uc e d Ne w m a n t o r e s i gn
t h e l i v i n go fSt . M a r y 's ,o ugh t t o h a v e i n d uc e d " h i m a t
o n c e t o r e s i gn h i s m e m b e r s h i pi n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d .
He h a d n o m o r a l r i gh t t o r e m a i n i n a Co m m un i o n w h i c h
h e w a s c o n v i n c e d fo r m e d " n o pa r t o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h . "
In d e e d h e o ugh t ,o n h i s o w n s h o w i n g,t o h a v e r e s i gn e d h i s
l i v i n gs e v e r a l y e a r s b e fo r e h e r e s i gn e d St . M a r y 's ,s i n c e ,i n
h i s l e t t e r t o M r s . J . M o z l e y ,o n No v e m b e r 2 4 t h ,1 84 4 ,h e
w r o t e : -" A c l e a r c o n v i c t i o n o f t h e s ub s t a n t i a l i d e n t i t y o f
Ch r i s t i a n i t y a n d t h e Ro m a n s y s t e m h a s n o w b e e n o n m y
m i n d fo r a ful l t h r e e y e a r s " 9 5-t h a t i s ,fr o m 1 84 1 . He d i d
n o t ,h o w e v e r ,s e c e d e t o Ro m e fo r a n o t h e r y e a r a ft e r w r i t i n g
t h i s l e t t e r ,s o t h a t a t l e a s t fo r ful l fo ur y e a r s h e h a d a c t e d a
d o ub l e pa r t -o ut w a r d l y
a m e m b e r o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
;
i n w a r d l y a m e m b e r o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . " On No v e m -
b e r 1 6 t h ,1 84 4 ,Ne w m a n w r o t e t o Dr . M a n n i n g : -" A s fa r
a s Ik n o w m y s e l f,m y o n e pa r a m o un t r e a s o n fo r c o n t e m pl a t i n g
a c h a n ge i s m y d e e p,un v a r y i n gc o n v i c t i o n t h a t o ur Ch ur c h
i s i n s c h i s m ,a n d m y s a l v a t i o n d e pe n d s o n m y j o i n i n gt h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e
. "
9 7
Fr o m h i s r e s i gn a t i o n o fSt . M a r y 's un t i l h i s r e c e pt i o n
i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,Ne w m a n m a d e Pus e y h i s c o n -
fi d a n t . Th e c o r r e s po n d e n c e w h i c h pa s s e d b e t w e e n t h e m i s
pa i n ful l y i n t e r e s t i n g,a n d s h o w s t h a t Pus e y w i s h e d fo r m o r e
o r l e s s o fPo pe r y ,b ut w o ul d n o t s ub m i t t o t h e Po pe un t i l
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d h a d d o n e s o i n h e r c o r po r a t e
9 4
Ne w m a n 's
A po l o gi a , p. 2 2 1 . Ed i t i o n ,1 888 .
9 6
Ne w m a n 's Le t t e r s ,Vo l . II. ,p
. 4 4 5 .
9 6 Fr o m a l e t t e r t o Dr . Pus e y ,d a t e d Fe b r ua r y 1 9 t h ,1 84 4 ,w e l e a r n t h a t t h e
d a t e o ft h e b i r t h o fNe w m a n 's c o n v i c t i o n t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s
n o pa r t o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h w a s t h e y e a r 1 83 9 . " Im us t s a y ," Ne w m a n
t h e n w r o t e ," t h a t fo r fo ur y e a r s a n d a h a l f [t h a t i s ,fr o m t h e y e a r
1 83 9 1 1
h a v e
h a d a c o n v i c t i o n ,w e a k e r o r s t r o n ge r ,b ut o n t h e w h o l e c o n s t a n t l y gr o w i n g,
a n d a t pr e s e n t v e r y s t r o n g,t h a t w e a r e n o t pa r t o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h
. "
( Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,
Vo l . II. ,p . 3 81 . )
9 7
Pur c e l l 's Li fe o fCa r d i n a l M a n n i n g,Vo l . I. ,p . 2 58 .
2 9 6 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
c a pa c i t y ;
w h i l e Ne w m a n h a d b e c o m e i m pa t i e n t t o d e pa r t ,
a n d w a s w i l l i n gt o a c c e pt b o t h Po pe a n d Po pe r y ,w i t h o ut
w a i t i n g` fo r t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t o s e t h i m t h e e x a m pl e .
Pus e y w r o t e t h a t h e l o o k e d t o
"
a Re un i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h
a s t h e e n d "
d ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n M o v e m e n t
; a n d ,m e a n w h i l e ,
h i s a n x i e t y w a s t o a s c e r t a i n " o n w h a t t e r m s a n d i n w h a t
w a y " t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c o ul d " b e r e un i t e d w i t h t h e
r e s t o ft h e We s t e r n Ch ur c h . " 9 8 M a n y pe r s o n s w i l l b e
s ur pr i s e d t o l e a r n t h a t a l t h o ugh ,o n A ugus t 2 8t h ,1 84 4 ,
Ne w m a n h a d w r i t t e n t o Pus e y b o l d l y d e c l a r i n gh i s c o n -
v i c t i o n t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s
" n o t pa r t o f
t h e Ch ur c h ," y e t o n t h e 1 4 t h o ft h e fo l l o w i n gNo v e m b e r
Pus e y t h us w r o t e t o t h e Re v . Pr e b e n d a r y He n d e r s o n : -
" Yo ua r e qui t e r i gh t i n t h i n k i n gt h a t Ne w m a n h a s n o
fe e l i n gs d r a w i n gh i m a w a y fr o m us : a l l h i s fe e l i n gs a n d
s y m pa t h i e s h a v e b e e n fo r o ur Ch ur c h . " 9 9 It i s d i ffi c ul t
t o a c qui t Dr . Pus e y o fa c h a r ge o fw i l ful d e c e pt i o n ,o r a t
l e a s t o fe qui v o c a t i o n ,i n w r i t i n gl i k e t h i s . On Oc t o b e r 8t h ,
1 84 5,Ne w m a n w a s r e c e i v e d i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e a t
Li t t l e m o r e ; a n d o n Oc t o b e r 1 6 t h a l e t t e r fr o m Pus e y ,o n
h i s s e c e s s i o n ,a ppe a r e d i n t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h m a n , i n w h i c h
h e r e m a r k e d : -" He [Ne w m a n ]s e e m s t h e n t o m e n o t s o
m uc h go n e fr o m us ,a s t r a n s pl a n t e d i n t o a n o t h e r pa r t o ft h e
Vi n e y a r d . "
1 0 0
M a n y s i n c e t h e n h a v e m o ur n e d o v e r t h e l o s s o fNe w m a n
t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
.
Fo r m y pa r t Ic o n c e i v e i t t o b e
a b l e s s i n gt h a t h e w e n t
.
Hi s h e a r t 's a ffe c t i o n w a s w i t h
t h e gr e a t e n e m y o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
;
h i s pl a c e w a s
t h e r e fo r e n o l o n ge r w i t h i n h e r fo l d . A l r e a d y h e h a d i n fe c t e d
m a n y o fh i s d i s c i pl e s w i t h a l o v e fo r Ro m a n i s m .
Th e m o n t h w h i c h w i t n e s s e d t h e s e c e s s i o n o fNe w m a n
b e h e l d a l s o t h e a ppo i n t m e n t o ft h e Re v . Sa m ue l Wi l b e r fo r c e
a s Bi s h o po fOx fo r d . Th e n e w Bi s h o p,e v e n b e fo r e h i s
a r r i v a l i n h i s Di o c e s e ,h a d fe a r s a s t o h i s a ppr o a c h i n g
Li fe o fDr . Pus s y ,Vo l . II . ,P4 0 4 .
" Ib i d . ,
PP-
4 0 6 ,
4 4 5 .

1 0 0 Ib i d . ,p . 4 6 z .
BISHOPWILBERFORCEONPUSEY'SWORK .

2 9 7
r e l a t i o n s t o t h e Re gi us Pr o fe s s o r o fHe b r e w ,w h i c h h e m a d e
k n o w n i n a l e t t e r t o M i s s L. No e l . To h e r Dr . Wi l b e r fo r c e
e x pr e s s e d t h e o pi n i o n t h a t Pus e y w a s " a v e r y h o l y m a n " ;
b ut h e a d d e d : -
" He [Dr
. Pus e y ]h a s gr e a t l y h e l pe d ,a n d i s h e l pi n g,t o m a k e a pa r t y
o fs e m i -Ro m a n i z e r s i n t h e Ch ur c h ,t o l e a d s o m e t o Ro m e . . . . He
s a y s ,fo r i n s t a n c e ,t h a t h e d o e s n o t t h i n k h i m s e l fa s a n En gl i s h
Ch ur c h m a n a t l i b e r t y t o h o l d a l l Ro m a n d o c t r i n e ; b ut h e d o e s ` n o t
c e n s ur e a n y Ro m a n d o c t r i n e ,'w h i l s t h e h o l d s h i s Ca n o n r y a t Ch r i s t
Ch ur c h ,a n d h i s po s i t i o n a m o n gs t us ,o n c o n d i t i o n o fs i gn i n gA r t i c l e s ,
o n e h a l fo fw h i c h a r e t a k e n upi n d e c l a r i n gd i ffe r e n t fi gm e n t s o f
Ro m e t o b e d a n ge r o us d e c e i t s a n d b l a s ph e m o us fa b l e s .
1 0 1
Pus e y w r o t e t o Dr . Wi l b e r fo r c e o n t h e d a y o fh i s e l e c t i o n
t o t h e Ox fo r d Bi s h o pr i c ,a n d r e c e i v e d a r e pl y w h i c h s e e m s
t o h a v e s ur pr i s e d h i m v e r y m uc h
. It w a s a s o m e w h a t
s e v e r e c r i t i c i s m o fh i s t e a c h i n g . In h i s r e j o i n d e r t o t h e
Bi s h o p-El e c t ,Pus e y o n c e m o r e r e v e a l e d h i s l o v e fo r m uc h
t h a t w a s d i s t i n c t l y Ro m a n : -
" Id i d n o t m e a n ," w r o t e Pus e y ," t o s t a t e a n y t h i n gd e fi n i t e l y a s t o
m y s e l f,b ut o n l y t o m a i n t a i n ,i n t h e a b s t r a c t ,t h e t e n a b i l i t y o fa c e r t a i n
po s i t i o n , i n w h i c h v e r y m a n y a r e , o fn o t h o l d i n gt h e m s e l v e s o b l i ge d
t o r e n o un c e a n y d o c t r i n e fo r m a l l y
d e c r e e d b y t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h . "
Pus e y pr o c e e d e d t o i n fo r m h i s fut ur e Di o c e s a n t h a t h e
c o ul d n o l o n ge r r e fus e h i s " b e l i e ft o a n i n t e r m e d i a t e s t a t e o f
c l e a n s i n g,i n s o m e c a s e s t h r o ugh pa i n " ; o r ,i n o t h e r w o r d s ,
o fh i s b e l i e fi n t h e e x i s t e n c e o fPur ga t o r y . Th e e ffe c t o fh i s
a c c e pt a n c e o ft h i s b e l i e fw a s ,h e s a i d ,t h a t e v e r s i n c e h e h a d
" b e e n w h o l l y s i l e n t a b o ut Pur ga t o r y . " He h a d a l s o c o m e
t o b e l i e v e i n In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s . On t h i s l a t t e r po i n t h e
a c t e d m o s t i n c o n s i s t e n t l y . He t o l d t h e Bi s h o p-El e c t : -
1 1 Pr a c t i c a l l y t h e n Id i s s ua d e o r fo r b i d ( w h e r e Ih a v e a ut h o r i t y )
In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s ; a b s t r a c t e d l y ,Is e e n o r e a s o n w h y o ur
Ch ur c h m i gh t n o t e v e n t ua l l y a l l o w i t ,i n t h e s e n s e o fa s k i n g
fo r t h e i r pr a y e r s " ; a n d t o w a r d s t h e c o n c l us i o n o fh i s l e t t e r
1 0 1 Li fe o fBi s h o pWi l b e r fo r c e ,Vo l . I. ,p . 3 1 1 .
2 9 8 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
h e a d d e d : -" Ic a n n o t b ut t h i n k t h a t Ro m e a n d w e a r e n o t
i r r e c o n c i l a b l y a t v a r i a n c e
. " 1 0 2
It i s h e r e s e e n h o w r a pi d l y Pus e y w a s m a r c h i n go n t h e
r o a d t o Ro m e ,t h o ugh h e s e e m s t o h a v e n e v e r e x pe c t e d t o
a r r i v e a t t h e e n d o f t h e j o ur n e y . It a d d e d m uc h t o t h e
d i ffi c ul t i e s
o f h i s po s i t i o n t h a t h e h a d n o w ,i n Dr . Wi l b e r fo r c e ,
a b i s h o pc a r e ful l y w a t c h i n gh i s m o v e m e n t s ,a n d r e a d y t o
c e n s ur e h i m w h e n n e c e s s a r y . Ti m e w e n t o n ,a n d t h e
Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t w i t h i t .
By t h e y e a r 1 84 7 ,e v e n
A r c h d e a c o n M a n n i n gh a d d i s c o v e r e d i t s t e n d e n c y t o w a r d s
Ro m e ,a n d i t s i l l o gi c a l po s i t i o n i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d .
He w r o t e t o Pus e y ,o n J a n ua r y 2 3 r d o ft h a t y e a r
: -
" Yo uk n o w h o w l o n gIh a v e t o y o uo pe n l y e x pr e s s e d m y c o n v i c t i o n
t h a t a fa l s e po s i t i o n h a s b e e n t a k e n upi n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d .
Th e d i r e c t a n d c e r t a i n t e n d e n c y ,Ib e l i e v e ,o fw h a t r e m a i n s o ft h e
o r i gi n a l M o v e m e n t i s t o t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h . Yo uk n o w t h e m i n d s
o fm e n a b o ut us b e t t e r t h a n Id o ,a n d w i l l ; t h e r e fo r e ,k n o w h o w s t r o n g
a n i m pr e s s i o n t h e c l a i m s o fRo m e h a v e m a d e o n t h e m ; a n d h o w
fe e b l e a n d fr a gm e n t a r y a r e t h e r e a s o n s o n w h i c h t h e y h a v e m a d e a
s ud d e n s t a n d o r h a l t i n t h e l i n e o n w h i c h t h e y h a v e b e e n ,pe r h a ps
i n s e n s i b l y ,m o v i n gfo r y e a r s . It i s a l s o c l e a r t h a t t h e y a r e ` r e v i s i n g
t h e Re fo r m a t i o n '-t h a t t h e d o c t r i n e ,r i t ua l ,a n d pr a c t i c e o ft h e Ch ur c h
o fEn gl a n d ,t a k e n a t i t s b e s t ,d o e s n o t s uffi c e t h e m . "
1 0 3
A t a b o ut t h e s a m e t i m e Dr . Ho o k ,
Tr a c t a r i a n t h o ugh h e
w a s ,gr e w m o r e a n d m o r e a l a r m e d a t t h e c o n d uc t o ft h e
Ro m a n i z i n gpa r t y . In gr e a t t r o ub l e h e w r o t e t o M a n n i n g
fr o m h i s Le e d s Vi c a r a ge : -
" Th o s e w h o m It o o k fo r Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d m e n ,a n d w h o a s s uc h
h a t e d Po pe r y ,w h o o n c e ,a s i n t h e Tr a c t s fo r t h e Ti m e s , o pe n l y a s s a i l e d
Po pe r y ,Ifi n d n o w t o b e e n a m o ur e d o fh e r . Ifi n d y o un gm e n
t h i n k i n gi t o r t h o d o x t o r e a d a n d s t ud y Po pi s h b o o k s o fd e v o t i o n ,a n d
t o i m i t a t e Po pi s h pr i e s t s i n t h e i r a t t i r e
; Ifi n d j us t i fi c a t i o n b y Fa i t h ,
t h e d o c t r i n e o fo ur A r t i c l e s ,t h e t e s t o fa s t a n d i n go r fa l l i n g Ch ur c h ,
r e pud i a t e d ,a n d c o n s e que n t l y a s e t o fw o r k s o fs upe r e r o ga t i o n a n d a
fe e l i n gi n fa v o ur o ft h e i n t e r c e s s i o n o ft h o s e w h o a r e s uppo s e d t o h a v e
b e e n m o r e t h a n pr o fi t a b l e s e r v a n t s . "
1 0 4
1 0 2 Li fe o fDr . Pus e y ,Vo l . III. ,pp
. 4 3 -4 5 .

1 3
Ib i d . ,p . 1 3 5 .
1 1 1 4
Li fe o fCa r d i n a l M a n n i n g,Vo 1 . I. ,p . 3 2 8 .
A RCHD. M A NNINGKNEELSBEFORETHEPOPE'SCA RRIA GE
.
2 9 9
A t t h i s v e r y pe r i o d t h e v i e w s o fDr . M a n n i n gw e r e i n a
s t a t e o ft r a n s i t i o n -h i s fa c e w a s t ur n e d Ro m e w a r d
. Dur i n g
t h e s um m e r o f1 84 7 ,h e t r a v e l l e d a b r o a d o n t h e Co n t i n e n t
.
A t Li e ge h e fe l l i n l o v e w i t h t h e Sa c r i fi c e o ft h e M a s s ,a n d
w r o t e i n h i s d i a r y : -" Ic a n n o t b ut fe e l t h a t t h e pr a c t i s e o f
El e v a t i o n ,Ex po s i t i o n ,A d o r a t i o n o ft h e Bl e s s e d Euc h a r i s t
h a s a po w e r ful e ffe c t i n s us t a i n i n ga n d r e a l i z i n gt h e d o c t r i n e
o ft h e In c a r n a t i o n
. "
1 0 1
In 1 84 8A r c h d e a c o n M a n n i n gv i s i t e d
Ro m e . Wh i l e t h e r e s t r a n ge t h i n gs h a ppe n e d ,o fw h i c h t h e
w o r l d k n e w n o t h i n gun t i l a ft e r h i s d e a t h
. On e d a y ,w h i l e
i n t h e Pi a z z a d i Spa gn a ,h e s a w t h e Pa pa l c a r r i a ge a p-
pr o a c h i n gt o w a r d s h i m . A s i t pa s s e d h e k n e l t d o w n i n t h e
s t r e e t b e fo r e t h e Po pe -a n d h e a l l t h e t i m e a n A r c h d e a c o n
i n t h e Re fo r m e d Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
!
1 0 6
M r . Pur c e l l ,t h e
fut ur e Ca r d i n a l 's b i o gr a ph e r ,t e l l s us i n t h e c h a pt e r w h i c h h e
d e v o t e s t o t h i s v i s i t t o Ro m e t h a t -
" In h i s Di a r y
A r c h d e a c o n
M a n n i n gn o w h e r e s a y s i n s o m a n y
w o r d s ,t h a t h e t o o k a pe r s o n a l pa r t i n t h e v e n e r a t i o n o fr e l i c s w h i c h
h e s o o ft e n w i t n e s s e d a n d d e s c r i b e d w i t h t o uc h i n gfi d e l i t y
. Ye t fr o m
t h e t o n e a n d s pi r i t o fh i s t e s t i m o n y Ih a v e n o d o ub t t h a t a t St . Ph i l i p
Ne r i 's Or a t o r y a t Fl o r e n c e ,fo r i n s t a n c e ,t h e r e l i c s o ft h e Sa i n t w e r e
l a i d o n t h e fo r e h e a d a n d pr e s s e d t o t h e l i ps o ft h e A r c h d e a c o n o f
Ch i c h e s t e r . " 1 0 7
Th e h i s t o r y o fM a n n i n g's c h a n ge o fv i e w s i n fa v o ur o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,a s r e l a t e d b y M r . Pur c e l l ,gr e a t l y s ur pr i s e d
t h e En gl i s h pub l i c ,w h e n i t w a s fi r s t pub l i s h e d
. It r e v e a l e d
a n a b s e n c e o fs t r a i gh t fo r w a r d c o n d uc t o n M a n n i n g's pa r t
fo r w h i c h n o r e a l l y v a l i d e x c us e h a s y e t b e e n o ffe r e d . Hi s
d o ub l e d e a l i n gi s fr a n k l y a d m i t t e d b y h i s Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
b i o gr a ph e r ,w h o w r i t e s : -
" Wh a t ,Igr a n t ,i s a c ur i o us d i ffi c ul t y ,a l m o s t s t a r t l i n ga t fi r s t ,i s t o
fi n d M a n n i n gs pe a k i n gc o n c ur r e n t l y fo r y e a r s w i t h a d o ub l e v o i c e .
On e v o i c e pr o c l a i m s i n pub l i c , i n s e r m o n s ,c h a r ge s ,a n d t r a c t s ,a n d ,i n
a t o n e s t i l l m o r e a b s o l ut e ,t o t h o s e w h o s o ugh t h i s a d v i c e i n Co n fe s -
s i o n ,h i s pr o fo un d a n d un w a v e r i n gb e l i e fi n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a s
1 0 b Ib i d . ,p . 3 52 . 1 4 6 Ib i d . ,Vo l . II. ,p
. 4 56
. 1 0 % Ib i d . ,Vo l ,I
. ,p . 4 0 7 ,m o t e .
3 0 0 SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
t h e Di v i n e w i t n e s s t o t h e Tr ut h ,a ppo i n t e d b y Ch r i s t a n d gui d e d b y
t h e Ho l y Spi r i t
. Th e o t h e r v o i c e ,a s t h e fo l l o w i n gc o n fe s s i o n s a n d d o c u-
m e n t s un d e r h i s o w n h a n d w r i t i n gb e a r a m pl e w i t n e s s ,s pe a k s i n a l m o s t
h e a r t b r o k e n a c c e n t s o fd e s pa i r a t b e i n gn o l o n ge r a b l e i n c o n s c i e n c e
t o d e fe n d t h e t e a c h i n ga n d po s i t i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ; w h i l s t
a c k n o w l e d gi n ga t t h e s a m e t i m e ,i fn o t i n h i s c o n fe s s i o n t o La pr i m a u-
d a y e ,a t a n y r a t e i n h i s l e t t e r s t o Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e ,t h e d r a w i n gh e
fe l t t o w a r d s t h e i n fa l l i b l e t e a c h i n go ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . "
1 0 8
It w a s w h i l e i n t h i s t r a n s i t i o n s t a t e t h a t M a n n i n gpub l i s h e d
s e v e r a l v o l um e s o f h i s A n gl i c a n s e r m o n s .
In 1 86 5,j us t
b e fo r e h e w a s c o n s e c r a t e d t i t ul a r " A r c h b i s h o p
o f We s t -
m i n s t e r ," M a n n i n gc o n s ul t e d a fr i e n d a s t o t h e w i s d o m o f
h a v i n gt h e m r e pub l i s h e d . Th e fr i e n d ga v e a s h i s o pi n i o n ,
t h a t ,a s a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c ,Dr
. M a n n i n gc o ul d n o t c o n -
s c i e n t i o us l y r e pub l i s h t h e m
. Ye t i n t h e l e t t e r c o n v e y i n g
t h i s o pi n i o n ,h i s fr i e n d ( Dr . Be r n a r d Sm i t h ) b o r e t e s t i m o n y
t o t h e s e r v i c e s r e n d e r e d t o t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e b y t h e s e
A n gl i c a n s e r m o n s .
" Ic o n fe s s ," w r o t e Dr . B . Sm i t h ,
" Iw a s gr e a t l y s ur pr i s e d t o s e e
h o w c l o s e [t h a t i s ,i n t h e s e s e r m o n s ]y o ub r i n gt h e A n gl i c a n Co n fe s -
s i o n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
.
But w h a t Ia d m i r e d m o s t i n t h e pe r us a l
o ft h e s e v o l um e s w a s n o t t h e m a n y s t r o n gCa t h o l i c t r ut h s Im e t w i t h ,
b ut t h a t a l m o s t Ca t h o l i c un c t i o n o fa St
. Fr a n c i s o fSa l e s ,o r o fa
St . Te r e s a ,t h a t b r e a t h e s t h r o ugh t h e m a l l
. Th a t t h e r e a d i n go ft h e s e
w o r k s m us t h a v e gr e a t i n fl ue n c e o v e r t h e Pr o t e s t a n t m i n d Ih a v e n o
d o ub t .
Ia l s o b e l i e v e t h a t n o s i n c e r e Pr o t e s t a n t c a n r e a d o v e r t h e s e
v o l um e s ,w h o s o o n e r o r l a t e r w i l l n o t t a k e r e fuge i n t h e a r k
"
1 0 9 [b y
w h i c h ,o fc o ur s e ,Dr
. Sm i t h m e a n t t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ] .
Wh a t i s h e r e s a i d o f
M a n n i n g's A n gl i c a n Se r m o n s m a y ,
w i t h e qua l t r ut h ,b e s a i d o f
m a n y s c o r e s o f v o l um e s w r i t t e n
b y Ri t ua l i s t i c c l e r gy m e n
. Th e s e w o r k s t e a c h pr i n c i pl e s
w h i c h m us t l o gi c a l l y l e a d t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,e v e n w h e n ,
a s i s s o m e t i m e s t h e c a s e ,t h e y a r e a c c o m pa n i e d w i t h c r i t i c i s m s
o n s o m e po r t i o n s o f t h e Ro m a n s y s t e m .
Do ub t s a s t o t h e
Ch ur c h o f En gl a n d e n t e r e d M a n n i n g's m i n d a s e a r l y a s 1 84 6
.
1 0 s
Li fe o fCa r d i n a l M a n n i n g,Vo l
. I . ,p . 4 6 3 .
1 0 9 Ib i d . ,Vo l . II. ,p.
7 2 2 , n o t e .
A RCHDEA CON M A NNING'SDOUBLEDEA LING
.

3 0 1
In h i s Di a r y fo r t h e A ugus t o ft h a t y e a r h e w r o t e t h a t ,i n h i s
o pi n i o n ,t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s
" d i s e a s e d o r ga n i c a l l y "
b y i t s "
s e pa r a t i o n fr o m Ch ur c h
t o t o o r b e d i ffus a a n d fr o m
Ca t h e d r a Pe t r i
" ; b y i t s " a b o l i t i o n o fpe n a n c e ," a n d b y i t s
" e x t i n c t i o n o fd a i l y s a c r i fi c e
. " 1 1 0 On J ul y 5t h ,1 84 6 ,h e
w r o t e i n h i s Di a r y
: -" So m e t h i n gk e e ps r i s i n ga n d s a y i n g,
y o uw i l l e n d i n t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h . '"
" Ift h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d w e r e a w a y t h e r e i s n o t h i n gi n Ro m e t h a t w o ul d
r e pe l m e w i t h s uffi c i e n t r e pul s i o n t o k e e pm e s e pa r a t e ,a n d
t h e r e i s n o t h i n gi n Pr o t e s t a n t i s m t h a t w o ul d a t t r a c t m e . . .
Ia m c o n s c i o us t h a t Ia m fur t h e r fr o m t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
a n d n e a r e r Ro m e t h a n Ie v e r w a s
. . . Ye t Ih a v e n o po s i t i v e
d o ub t s a b o ut t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. Ih a v e d i ffi c ul t i e s -
b ut t h e c h i e ft h i n gi s t h e
d r a w i n go f Ro m e . It s a t i s fi e s t h e
w h o l e o f
m y i n t e l l e c t ,s y m pa t h y ,s e n t i m e n t ,a n d n a t ur e ,i n a
w a y pr o pe r ,a n d s o l e l y b e l o n gi n gt o i t s e l f . " " 'M r
. Pur c e l l
a d d s t o t h e a b o v e e x t r a c t s fr o m M a n n i n g's Di a r y t h e fo l l o w -
i n gs i gn i fi c a n t c o m m e n t s : -
"
It i s c ur i o us t o n o t e fr o m t h e s e e n t r i e s t h a t t h e b r e a k d o w n o f
M a n n i n g's b e l i e fi n t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h t o o k pl a c e s o e a r l y a s 1 84 6 ,
t w o y e a r s b e fo r e Ha m pd e n 's a ppo i n t m e n t ,a n d fo ur y e a r s b e fo r e t h e
Go r h a m J ud gm e n t
. In h i s s e r m o n s a n d c h a r ge s t h e r e a r e n o t t h e
s l i gh t e s t i n d i c a t i o n s o fs uc h a m i s gi v i n g . In h i s c o r r e s po n d e n c e w i t h
M r
. Gl a d s t o n e a t t h i s pe r i o d ,
n o t a h i n t o r s ugge s t i o n w a s c o n v e y e d -
n o t t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s o r ga n i c a l l y a n d fun c t i o n a l l y
d i s e a s e d -b ut t h a t i t h a d fa l l e n fr o m t h e h i gh i d e a l o fpe r fe c t i o n ,
w h i c h M a n n i n gh a d s o fe r v e n t l y a n d e l o que n t l y a t t r i b ut e d t o i t i n h i s
pub l i c ut t e r a n c e s
. Fr o m t h e e v i d e n c e o fh i s o w n Di a r y ,fr o m h i s
l e t t e r s t o La pr i m a ud a y e a n d Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e ,i t s e e m s a s c l e a r a s
d a y l i gh t t h a t ,i n t e l l e c t ua l l y M a n n i n gh a d ,y e a r s b e fo r e t h e Go r h a m
J ud gm e n t ,l o s t fa i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . "
1 1 2
No t w i t h s t a n d i n gh i s " l o s s
o f fa i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ," M a n n i n gc o n t i n ue d t o o ut w a r d l y pr o fe s s w h a t
i n h i s h e a r t h e h a d c e a s e d t o b e l i e v e i n
. On Fe b r ua r y 1 2 t h ,
1 84 8-t h r e e y e a r s b e fo r e h e l e ft t h e Ch ur c h
o f En gl a n d -h e
w r o t e fr o m Ro m e t o h i s i n t i m a t e fr i e n d ,Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e :
1 1 0 Ib i d
. ,Vo l . I. ,P . 4 83 .

1 '1
Ib i d . ,Pp . 4 85,4 86 .

" '
Ib i d . ,pp . 4 87 ,4 88.
3 0 2
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
-" I c a n n o t r e s t t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a n d i t s l i v i n g
w i t n e s s o n a n y t h i n gh i gh e r t h a n a n i n t e l l e c t ua l b a s i s
. I
t r us t i t ,b e c a us e I
t h i n k i t t o b e r i gh t ,n o t b e c a us e Ib e l i e v e
i t t o b e r i gh t . It i s a s ub j e c t o fm y r e a s o n ,a n d n o t a n
o b j e c t o fm y fa i t h . "
1 1 3
Th e fo l l o w i n gy e a r h e w r o t e ,
" un d e r t h e s e a l ," m o r e s t r o n gl y
: -
" Pr o t e s t a n t i s m i s n o t s o m uc h a r i v a l s y s t e m ,w h i c h Ir e j e c t ,b ut
n o s y s t e m ,a c h a o s ,a w r e c k o ffr a gm e n t s ,w i t h o ut i d e a ,pr i n c i pl e ,
o r l i fe . It i s t o m e fl e s h ,b l o o d ,un b e l i e f,a n d t h e w i l l o fm a n
.
A n gl i c a n i s m s e e m s t o m e t o b e i n e s s e n c e t h e s a m e ,
o n l y e l e v a t e d ,
c o n s t r uc t e d ,a n d a d o r n e d b y i n t e l l e c t ,s o c i a l a n d po l i t i c a l o r d e r ,a n d
t h e fa s c i n a t i o n s o fa n a t i o n a l a n d d o m e s t i c h i s t o r y
. A s a t h e o l o gy ,
s t i l l m o r e a s t h e Ch ur c h o r
t h e fa i t h ,i t h a s s o fa d e d o ut o fm y m i n d
t h a t Ic a n n o t s a y Ir e j e c t i t ,b ut Ik n o w i t n o m o r e . Is i m pl y d o n o t
b e l i e v e i t . Ic a n fo r m n o b a s i s ,o ut l i n e ,o r d e fe n c e fo r i t
. "
1 1 4
A n d y e t h e c o n t i n ue d t o r e c e i v e t h e e m o l um e n t s o fa
Ch ur c h i n w h i c h h e h a d c e a s e d t o h a v e a n y r e a l fa i t h
! Wa s
t h i s h o n e s t ? Wa s i t n o t ,r a t h e r ,d o ub l e d e a l i n g,s uc h a s
l o o k e d v e r y m uc h l i k e a c a s e o fr e c e i v i n gm o n e y un d e r fa l s e
pr e t e n c e s ? In a n y c a s e i t r e m i n d s us o ft h o s e o fw h o m i t i s
r e c o r d e d t h a t t h e y po s s e s s e d "
a c o n s c i e n c e s e a r e d w i t h a
h o t i r o n " -pa s t a n y c o n s c i e n t i o us fe e l i n g
. Fo r m o r e t h a n
a y e a r a ft e r t h i s M a n n i n gw r o t e l e t t e r s t o h i s pe n i t e n t s ,
h a v i n gfo r t h e i r o b j e c t t h e s t r e n gt h e n i n go f t h e i r
fa i t h i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. On e s uc h l e t t e r ,d a t e d M a y 6 t h ,1 85o ,
i s pr i n t e d b y h i s b i o gr a ph e r ,i n w h i c h o c c ur s t h e fo l l o w i n g
a s s e r t i o n : -" J ud gi n gb y t h e e v i d e n c e o ft h e Pr i m i t i v e Ch ur c h
t h e r e a r e m a n y ,a n d t h e y v e r y gr a v e a n d v i t a l ,po i n t s o n
w h i c h t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d s e e m s m o r e i n h a r m o n y w i t h
Ho l y Sc r i pt ur e t h a n t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
. " " 'On e w o n d e r s
w h e t h e r M a n n i n ga t t h e t i m e r e a l l y b e l i e v e d w h a t h e t h us
w r o t e . Iv e r y m uc h d o ub t i t . It s e e m s t h a t t h i s l e t t e r w a s
t h e m e a n s o fpr e v e n t i n gM a n n i n g's pe n i t e n t fr o m go i n go v e r
t o Ro m e . M a n n i n g's r e a l v i e w s a t t h i s t i m e w e r e k n o w n
o n l y t o fo ur o r fi v e o t h e r pe r s o n s ,h i s i n t i m a t e fr i e n d s ,
1 1 a
Li fe o fCa r d i n a l El a n n i n g,Vo l . I . ,p
. 50 9 .
1 1 4
Ib i d . ,p
. 51 5 .
1 1 5
Ib i d . ,p
. 4 7 3 .
M R
. GLA DSTONEONM A NNING'SCONDUCT
.

3 0 3
a l l o fw h o m ,l i k e h i m s e l f,e v e n t ua l l y j o i n e d t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e
. Th e y w e r e Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e ,J a m e s Ho pe ,Wi l l i a m
Do d s w o r t h ,He n r y Wi l b e r fo r c e ,a n d ,pe r h a ps ,La pr i m a ud a y e
.
M r . Gl a d s t o n e w a s a n i n t i m a t e fr i e n d ,b ut t h e s e c r e t o fh i s
( M a n n i n g's ) v i e w s w a s c a r e ful l y k e pt fr o m t h a t s t a t e s m a n
.
" On l e a r n i n gi n J a n ua r y l a s t [1 89 5]," w r i t e s M r
. Pur c e l l ," t h e
s ub s t a n c e o fM a n n i n g's l e t t e r s t o Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e ,M r
. Gl a d s t o n e
w a s s ur pr i s e d b e y o n d m e a s ur e . Spe a k i n gw i t h e v i d e n t pa i n ,h e s a i d ,
` To m e t h i s i s m o s t s t a r t l i n gi n fo r m a t i o n ,fo r w h i c h Ia m qui t e
un pr e pa r e d
.
In a l l o ur c o r r e s po n d e n c e a n d c o n v e r s a t i o n s ,d ur i n ga n
i n t i m a c y w h i c h e x t e n d e d o v e r m a n y y e a r s ,M a n n i n gn e v e r l e d m e t o
b e l i e v e t h a t h e h a d d o ub t s a s t o t h e po s i t i o n o r Di v i n e a ut h o r i t y o ft h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h ,fa r l e s s t h a t h e h a d l o s t fa i t h a l t o ge t h e r i n A n gl i c a n i s m
.
Th a t i s t o s a y ,upt o t h e Go r h a m j ud gm e n t [i n 1 85o ] . Th e Go r h a m
J ud gm e n t ,Ik n e w ,s h o o k h i s fa i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. It
w a s t h e n t h a t M a n n i n ge x pr e s s e d t o m e -a n d fo r t h e fi r s t t i m e -h i s
d o ub t s a n d m i s gi v i n gs . 'A ft e r a fe w m o m e n t s 'r e fl e c t i o n ,M r
.
Gl a d s t o n e a d d e d
: --'Iw o n 't s a y M a n n i n gw a s i n s i n c e r e ,Go d fo r b i d I
But h e w a s n o t s i m pl e a n d s t r a i gh t fo r w a r d . '
"
1 1 6
Iv e n t ur e t o s ub m i t t h a t t h e m a j o r i t y o fEn gl i s h m e n w i l l
s e e ,i n s uc h c o n d uc t ,c l e a r e v i d e n c e o fi n s i n c e r i t y ,a s w e l l
a s o fa w a n t o f
" s t r a i gh t fo r w a r d "
c o n d uc t . Th e c l e a r e s t
pr o o fo fM a n n i n g's e c c l e s i a s t i c a l d i s h o n e s t y -Ic a n n o t h e r e
us e a m i l d e r t e r m -i s o b t a i n e d b y a c o m pa r i s o n o fa l e t t e r
w h i c h h e w r o t e t o Ro b e r t Wi l b e r fo r c e ,o n J un e 2 5t h ,1 850 ,
w i t h a pub l i s h e d l e t t e r ,w h i c h h e a d d r e s s e d t o t h e Bi s h o po f
Ch i c h e s t e r ,d a t e d J ul y 2 n d ,1 850 -o n l y a w e e k l a t e r
. Th e
t w o l e t t e r s a ffo r d a s t r i k i n gi n s t a n c e o ft h a t "
d o ub l e v o i c e "
i n w h i c h h e t h e n fr e que n t l y s po k e . In t h e fi r s t o ft h e s e
l e t t e r s ,w h i c h w a s s t r i c t l y pr i v a t e ,M a n n i n gw r o t e
: -
" Ih a v e n o t s e e n Ch ur t o n 's Ch a r ge
; b ut t h e c o ur s e h e a n d o t h e r s
h a v e t a k e n h a s h e l pe d m o r e t h a n m o s t t h i n gs t o
c o n v i n c e m e t h a t t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d h a s n o r e a l b a s i s
. . .
. Lo gi c a l l y ,Ia m c o n v i n c e d
t h a t t h e On e ,Ho l y ,Vi s i b l e ,In fa l l i b l e Ch ur c h i s t h a t w h i c h h a s i t s
c i r c ui t i n a l l t h e w o r l d ,a n d i t s c e n t r e a c c i d e n t a l l y a t Ro m e
. But I
m i s t r n s t m y c o n c l us i o n . . . . Ih a v e m a d e a fi r s t d r a ft o n t h e Oa t h o f
Supr e m a c y ,i n a l e t t e r t o m y Bi s h o p . But Ih a v e w r i t t e n m y s e l ffa i r l y
o v e r t h e b o r d e r -o r Ti b e r r a t h e r . "
1 1 7
Il a
Ib ud p 56 9 .

1 1 7 Ib i d . ,p
. 558.
3 0 4
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
In t h e o t h e r l e t t e r ,t o h i s Bi s h o p,M a n n i n gd o e s n o t w r i t e
a n y t h i n gw h i c h w o ul d l e a d h i s Di o c e s a n ,o r t h e pub l i c ,t o
s uppo s e t h a t h e h a d w r i t t e n h i m s e l fo v e r " t h e Ti b e r ," o r
i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . On t h e c o n t r a r y ,w h i l e c r i t i c i s i n g
s h a r pl y t h e r e l a t i o n s t o t h e St a t e o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,
a n d h e r c o n n e c t i o n w i t h t h e Co ur t o fLa w w h i c h h a d j us t
a c qui t t e d M r . Go r h a m ,h e i n fo r m e d h i s l o r d s h i pt h a t h e
h a d s t i l l l e ft a s t r o n gfa i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -
t h o ugh ,a s a m a t t e r o ffa c t ,a s w e h a v e a l r e a d y s e e n ,h e h a d
l o n gs i n c e c e a s e d t o h a v e a n y fa i t h i n h e r a t a l l .
" We b e l i e v e ," w r o t e A r c h d e a c o n M a n n i n g, " t h e
Ch ur c h i n
En gl a n d , a s a m e m b e r o r pr o v i n c e o ft h i s Di v i n e Ki n gd o m
[t h e Ch ur c h ], po s s e s s e s ,` i n s o l i d um ,' b y i n h e r i t a n c e a n d pa r t i c i pa t i o n
i n t h e w h o l e Ch ur c h ,t h e i n h e r i t a n c e o ft h e Di v i n e Tr a d i t i o n o fFa i t h ,
w i t h a s h a r e i n t h i s ful l a n d s upr e m e c us t o d y o fd o c t r i n e a n d po w e r
o fd i s c i pl i n e ,pa r t a k i n gfo r s uppo r t a n d pe r pe t ui t y ,i n i t s m e a s ur e a n d
s ph e r e , t h e s a m e gui d a n c e a s t h e w h o l e Ch ur c h a t l a r ge ,
o fw h i c h ,b y
o ur Ba pt i s m ,w e h a v e b e e n m a d e m e m b e r s .
" Th e Ch ur c h i n En gl a n d ,t h e n ,b e i n gt h us a n i n t e gr a l w h o l e ,
po s s e s s e s w i t h i n i t s e l ft h e fo un t a i n o fd o c t r i n e a n d d i s c i pl i n e ,
a n d h a s
n o n e e d t o go b e y o n d i t s e l ffo r s uc c e s s i o n ,o r d e r s ,m i s s i o n ,j ur i s d i c t i o n
.
. . .
But w e t r us t t h a t a s ,i n t h e pe r i o d o ft h e gr e a t We s t e r n s c h i s m ,
t h e Ch ur c h e s o fSpa i n ,Fr a n c e ,Ge r m a n y ,a n d m a n y o t h e r s ,w e r e
c o m pe l l e d t o fa l l b a c k w i t h i n t h e i r o w n l i m i t s a n d t o r e s t upo n t h e ful l
a n d i n t e gr a l po w e r w h i c h ,b y s uc c e s s i o n ,t h e y po s s e s s e d fo r t h e i r o w n
i n t e r n a l go v e r n m e n t , s o t h e Ch ur c h i n En gl a n d h a s c o n t i n ue d t o b e a
PERFECT m e m b e r o ft h i s Di v i n e Ki n gd o m ,e n d o w e d w i t h a l l t h a t i s o f
n e c e s s i t y t o t h e v a l i d m i n i s t r y o ft h e Fa i t h a n d Sa c r a m e n t s o fCh r i s t
. "
n a
Wh o ,a t t h a t t i m e ,w o ul d h a v e t h o ugh t t h a t t h e w r i t e r
o ft h i s s t r o n ge ul o gy o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a c t ua l l y
c o n s i d e r e d t h a t i n w r i t i n gi t h e w a s " fa i r l y w r i t i n gh i m s e l f
o v e r t h e b o r d e r -o r Ti b e r " ? Ift h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
w a s a l l t h a t M a n n i n ga s s e r t e d ,po s s e s s e d o fv a l i d Or d e r s
a n d Sa c r a m e n t s ,w i t h o ut go i n g
"
b e y o n d i t s e l f " t o o ut s i d e
c o m m un i o n s ,w h y h a d h e m a d e uph i s m i n d t o l e a v e a
1 1 8
A ppe l l a t e j ur i s d i c t i o n o ft h e Cr o w n i n M a t t e r s Spi r i t ua l :
A Le t t e r t o t h e
Bi s h o po fCh i c h e s t e r ,b y He n r y Ed w a r d M a n n i n g,A r c h d e a c o n o fCh i c h e s t e r ,
PP-4 ,5 .
THE " RA M BLER
" ONTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT. 3 0 5
Ch ur c h ,w h i c h h e d e c l a r e d w a s " a PERFECT
m e m b e r o f
t h i s Di v i n e Ki n gd o m " ?
In t h e h i s t o r y o ft h e Ro m e w a r d
M o v e m e n t i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t h e r e a r e b ut fe w ,
i fa n y ,i n c i d e n t s m o r e d e pl o r a b l e t h a n t h e d o ub l e d e a l i n g
o fDr . M a n n i n gd ur i n gh i s l a s t y e a r s i n t h a t Ch ur c h
.
Do w n t o t h e y e a r 1 851 ,t h e Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d h a d l e d t o t h e s e c e s s i o n t o Ro m e o fa
l a r ge n um b e r o fpr o m i n e n t c l e r gy m e n a n d l a y m e n
. Th e
l i s t o fd i s t i n gui s h e d s e c e d e r s gi v e n i n Br o w n e 's A n n a l s o f
t h e Tr a c t a r i a n M o v e m e n t a ffo r d s a m pl e pr o o fo ft h e s e r v i c e s
r e n d e r e d t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e b y t h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t .
No w o n d e r t h a t Ca r d i n a l Wi s e m a n r e j o i c e d a t w h a t h e s a w
go i n go n a r o un d h i m ,a n d l o o k e d fo r w a r d w i t h a n a l m o s t
b o y i s h gl e e t o t h e go o d t i m e c o m i n g,w h e n ,a s h e h o pe d ,
En gl a n d w o ul d o n c e m o r e a c c e pt Pa pa l s upr e m a c y . But
t h e s e r v i c e s r e n d e r e d t o Ro m e b y t h e M o v e m e n t w e r e b y n o
m e a n s c o n fi n e d t o s uppl y i n gh e r w i t h s o m e o ft h e a b l e s t
o fh e r c h i l d r e n . A pr o m i n e n t Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c m a ga z i n e ,
t h e Ra m b l e r , d ur i n gt h e y e a r 1 851 ,d e v o t e d s e v e r a l a r t i c l e s
t o t h e s ub j e c t o f " Th e Ri s e ,Pr o gr e s s ,a n d Re s ul t s o f
Pus e y i s m ," a s i t w a s t h e n c o m m o n l y t e r m e d . Th e t o n e
o ft h e s e a r t i c l e s w a s ,t h r o ugh o ut ,o n e o fd e e pt h a n k ful n e s s
fo r w h a t h a d b e e n a l r e a d y a c c o m pl i s h e d .
"
Fr o m t h e m o m e n t t h a t t h e Ox fo r d Tr a c t s c o m m e n c e d ," s a i d t h e
Ra m b l e r , " t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h a s s um e d a po s i t i o n i n t h e c o un t r y
w h i c h s h e h a d n e v e r b e fo r e a t t a i n e d s i n c e t h e s c h i s m o ft h e s i x t e e n t h
c e n t ur y
. Wi t h w h a t a d e pt h o fi n d e s c r i b a b l e h o r r o r o fCa t h o l i c i s m
t h e w h o l e m i n d o fEn gl a n d w a s fo r m e r l y s a t ur a t e d ,fe w c a n c o m pr e -
h e n d w h o h a v e n o t pe r s o n a l l y e x pe r i e n c e d i t . . . . Th e s o n s a n d
d a ugh t e r s o fA n gl i c a n i s m w e r e b r o ugh t up t o r e ga r d t h e Ca t h o l i c
Ch ur c h a s t h e d e v i l 's m a s t e r pi e c e . . . . No o n e r e a d Ca t h o l i c b o o k s ,
n o o n e e n t e r e d Ca t h o l i c c h ur c h e s ; n o o n e e v e r s a w Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t s ;
fe w pe o pl e e v e n k n e w t h a t t h e r e w e r e a n y Ca t h o l i c b i s h o ps r e s i d e n t
i n En gl a n d . Ex c e pt i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h Ir e l a n d ,t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h
w a s fo r go t t e n .
" Se e n o w t h e c h a n ge w h i c h h a s c o m e o v e r t h e En gl i s h pe o pl e a s a
n a t i o n . Vi o l e n t l y Pr o t e s t a n t s t i l l ,i t s a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s t h e Ca t h o l i c
2 0
P6 SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
Ch ur c h i s
e x t r a o r d i n a r i l y c h a n ge d . It d i s l i k e s h e r ,b ut i t n o l o n ge r
d e s pi s e s h e r . . . . Cr o w d s a t t e n d t h e s e r v i c e s o fCa t h o l i c a n d o f
Pus e y i t e c h ur c h e s ;
b ut w h i l e i n t h e l a t t e r t h e r e i s h i s s i n ga n d gr o a r &,
i n g,i n t h e fo r m e r a s t i l l n e s s t h e m o s t pr o fo un d pa y s s t r a n ge h o m a ge
t o t h e e l e v a t i o n o ft h e m o s t Ho l y Sa c r a m e n t . No n e b ut fo o l s a n d
fa n a t i c s d e n y s o m e m e r i t s t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e a n d h e r c l e r gy
.
Ev e r y w h e r e t h e c h a n ge a ppe a r s . . . . A n d w h a t e v e r o t h e r c a us e s m a y
h a v e c o m b i n e d t o w o r k t h i s w o n d e r ful r e s ul t , t o t h e M o v e m e n t o f
1 83 3 i t s ur e l y m us t c h i e fl y b e a t t r i b ut e d . " 1 1 9
W Th e Ra m b l e r , M a r c h 1 851 ,
pp .
2 4 6 ,
2 4 7 .
CHA PTERX.
THE ROM EWA RDM OVEM ENT.
Th e A s s o c i a t i o n fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o ft h e Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n d o m -Se r m o n s a n d
Es s a y s
o n Re un i o n -De n un c i a t i o n o fPr o t e s t a n t i s m -Tr e a s o n a b l e l e t t e r
i n t h e Un i o n Re v i e w -Th e A . P . U. C . d e n o un c e d b y t h e In qui s i t i o n -
De gr a d i n gRe pl y o f1 9 8Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d Di gn i t a r i e s a n d Cl e r gy -
A r c h b i s h o pM a n n i n g's o pi n i o n o ft h e Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t -Th e So c i e t y
o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s Pe t i t i o n fo r Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e -Si gn e d b y 1 2 1 2
c l e r gy m e n -Th e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n -It s w o r k fo r Un i o n w i t h Ro m e
-A ppr o v e s Dr . Pus e y 's Ei r e n i c o n -Pus e y w r i t e s t h a t t h e r e i s n o t h i n g
i n t h e Po pe 's " Supr e m a c y " i n i t s e l ft o w h i c h h e w o ul d o b j e c t -
Th e Ca t h o l i c Un i o n fo r Pr a y e r -A Co l o n i a l Pr i e s t o n Re un i o n w i t h
Ro m e -Th e " l e v e l l i n gup " pr o c e s s -Th e r e a l Ob j e c t s o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h Un i o n -Th e Lo r d 's Da y a n d t h e Ho l y Euc h a r i s t -Lo r d Ha l i fa x
w a n t s Be n e d i c t i o n o ft h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t -E . C . U. m e m b e r s fi n d
fa ul t w i t h t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n Pr a y e r -E
. C . U
. Pe t i t i o n s t h e La m b e t h
Co n fe r e n c e fo r Re un i o n -Re un i o n a s k e d fo r un d e r " Th e Bi s h o po fOl d
Ro m e " -Lo r d Ha l i fa x pr e fe r s Le o XIII. t o t h e Pr i v y Co un c i l -De a n
Ho o k i n fa v o ur o ft h e Pr i v y Co un c i l -M r . M a c k o n o c h i e 's Ev i d e n c e
b e fo r e t h e Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t s 'Co m m i s s i o n -A s s e r t s t h e r e h a s b e e n n o
1 1 Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t " s i n c e t h e Re fo r m a t i o n -A Ri t ua l i s t i c Cur a t e
s uppl i e s t h e -Ke r n e l " t o Ro m a n Ri t ua l -He pr e a c h e s t h e Im m a c ul a t e
Co n c e pt i o n o ft h e Vi r gi n M a r y -Lo r d Ha l i fa x a n d " Ex pl a n a t i o n s
" o f
t h e Po pe 's In fa l l i b i l i t y -Th e Ho m i l i e s
o n t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e -Ro m e
h a s a l r e a d y r e a pe d a h a r v e s t fr o m Ri t ua l i s t i c l a b o ur s -Se c e s s i o n a s w e l l
a s Un i o n a Sc r i pt ur a l d ut y -Ob j e c t i o n s t o Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e .
T
HEt i m e a t l e n gt h a r r i v e d w h e n i t w a s
t h o ugh t
d e s i r a b l e b y t h o s e w h o l o n ge d fo r t h e Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w i t h t h e Ea s t e r n
Ch ur c h a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,t o b a n d t h e m s e l v e s i n t o
s o c i e t i e s t o pr o m o t e t h e o b j e c t t h e y h a d a t h e a r t .
So m e
o ft h e s e s o c i e t i e s m a d e t h e Re un i o n que s t i o n a pa r t o n l y
o ft h e i r pr o gr a m m e
;
b ut fr o m t h e c o m m e n c e m e n t o fi t s
e x i s t e n c e t h e A s s o c i a t i o n fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o ft h e
Un i t y
o fCh r i s t e n d o m l a b o ur e d fo r t h i s o n e o b j e c t a l o n e
. Th i s
2 0 *
3 0 8 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
A s s o c i a t i o n w a s fo un d e d a t a pr i v a t e m e e t i n gh e l d i n
t h e pa r i s h o fSt . Cl e m e n t Da n e s ,St r a n d , Lo n d o n , o n
Se pt e m b e r 8t h ,1 857 ,o n t h e m o t i o n o fa Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c
l a y m a n ,s e c o n d e d b y a Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c l e r gy m a n ,a n d
s uppo r t e d b y m e m b e r s o ft h e Gr e e k Ch ur c h . A t t h a t
m e e t i n gt h i r t y -fo ur pe r s o n s j o i n e d t h e i n fa n t A s s o c i a t i o n . '
In a s t a t e m e n t i s s ue d b y o n e o fi t s c h i e fo ffi c e r s ( t h e
Re v . F. G. Le e ) i n 1 86 4 ,i t w a s m e n t i o n e d t h a t i n t h a t y e a r
i t h a d gr o w n i n t o a m e m b e r s h i po f7 0 9 9 ,o fw h o m " n e a r l y
a t h o us a n d " w e r e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s ,a n d a b o ut t h r e e
h un d r e d w e r e " m e m b e r s o ft h e Ea s t e r n Ch ur c h
. " M r
. Le e
a l s o a ffi r m e d t h a t ," Th e A s s o c i a t i o n h a s b e e n a ppr o v e d i n
t h e h i gh e s t e c c l e s i a s t i c a l qua r t e r s ,b o t h a m o n gs t La t i n s ,
A n gl i c a n s ,a n d Gr e e k s
. Th e Ho l y Fa t h e r ga v e h i s b l e s s i n g
t o t h e s c h e m e w h e n fi r s t s t a r t e d ,a n d r e pe a t e d t h a t b l e s s i n g
w i t h a d i r e c t a n d k i n d l y c o m m e n d a t i o n t o o n e o ft h e
En gl i s h s e c r e t a r i e s ,w h o w a s m o r e r e c e n t l y gr a n t e d t h e
h o n o ur o fa s pe c i a l i n t e r v i e w . " 2 In a n a ppe n d i x t o t h e
v o l um e o fs e r m o n s fr o m w h i c h Ih a v e j us t quo t e d ,a n d
w h i c h w a s "
Pr i n t e d fo r c e r t a i n m e m b e r s o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n
fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o ft h e Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n d o m ," a n o ffi c i a l
pr o s pe c t us o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n i s pr i n t e d ,i n w h i c h i t i s
m e n t i o n e d t h a t
" t h e n a m e s o fm e m b e r s w i l l b e k e pt s t r i c t l y
pr i v a t e . " 3 On t h e o c c a s i o n o fi t s s e v e n t h a n n i v e r s a r y
M a s s e s w e r e s a i d fo r t h e s uc c e s s o fi t s w o r k n o t m e r e l y
b y o r d i n a r y c l e r gy m e n ,b ut e v e n b y A r c h b i s h o ps ,Bi s h o ps ,
a n d M o n k s ,a n d t h e s e w e r e o ffe r e d i n En gl a n d ,Sc o t l a n d ,
Ir e l a n d ,Fr a n c e ,A us t r i a ,Pr us s i a ,De n m a r k ,It a l y ,Be l gi um ,
Sw i t z e r l a n d ,M a l t a ,No r t h A m e r i c a ,So ut h A m e r i c a ,a n d
So ut h A fr i c a . '
Th e A s s o c i a t i o n s t i l l e x i s t s ,a n d a t t h e pr e s e n t t i m e
n um b e r s upw a r d s o ft e n t h o us a n d m e m b e r s ,b ut fr o m i t s
b i r t h un t i l n o w i t h a s n e v e r ,s o fa r a s Ic a n a s c e r t a i n ,
1 Se r m o n s o n t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,Vo l
. I. ,pp . x . ,x i .
Ib i d . ,p . x i i .

3 Ib i d . ,P
. 3 2 9
Th e Ch ur c h a n d t h e Wo r l d ,Vo l . I. ,p . 2 0 1 .
DISLOYA L UTTERA NCESBYTRA ITORS.

3 0 9
pr i n t e d a l i s t o fi t s m e m b e r s ,n o t e v e n fo r i t s o w n pr i v a t e
us e ,s o a fr a i d a r e t h e y l e s t t h e i r n a m e s s h o ul d b e fo un d
o ut . In t h e pr o s pe c t us j us t r e fe r r e d t o t h e r e i s pr i n t e d
a s h o r t l i s t o fDi o c e s a n Se c r e t a r i e s ,a n d o fpe r s o n s t o w h o m
a ppl i c a t i o n s fo r i n fo r m a t i o n c o ul d b e m a d e ,b ut a s t o t h e
r a n k a n d fi l e o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n n o b o d y k n o w s w h o t h e y a r e ,
e x c e pt i n gt h e h e a d o ffi c i a l s . In J a n ua r y , r 86 3 , t h e Un i o n
Re v i e w w a s fo un d e d b y m e m b e r s o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n ,a n d
w a s s ub s e que n t l y c o n d uc t e d b y t h e m ,t h o ugh t h e A s s o c i a -
t i o n a s s uc h w a s n o t h e l d r e s po n s i b l e fo r i t s c o n t e n t s .
But i n a s m uc h a s i t e x pr e s s e d t h e v i e w s h e l d b y t h o s e
w h o gui d e d t h e A s s o c i a t i o n ,i t m a y n o t b e c o n s i d e r e d a s
i n a ppr o pr i a t e i fIgi v e h e r e a fe w e x t r a c t s fr o m i t ,w h i c h
s h o w i t s t h o r o ugh l y Ro m a n i z i n gc h a r a c t e r .
" It i s a s h o c k i n gs c a n d a l t h a t o n e o ft h e Ho m i l i e s o ft h e Es t a b -
l i s h e d Ch ur c h s h o ul d e v e n c o n t a i n h e r e t i c a l r e a s o n i n ga ga i n s t t h e
b e l i e fi n a s t a t e o fc o n n e c t i o n
[Si c . Pr o b a b l y c o r r e c t i o n
i s m e a n t ]
h e r e a ft e r ,a n d t h e b e n e fi t o fpr a y e r s fo r t h e d e pa r t e d . " 6
"
Th e En gl i s h Ch ur c h i s i n a s t a t e o fpe n a n c e ;
h e r d a i l y Sa c r i fi c e
t a k e n a w a y ,a n d t h e pe r pe t ua l Pr e s e n c e o n h e r A l t a r s w i t h d r a w n ,
e x c e pt i n a fe w fa v o ur e d pl a c e s w h e r e b o t h h a v e l a t e l y b e e n
r e s t o r e d . " a
" Th e h a i r s h i r t ,a n d t h e s pi k e d c r o s s o r b e l t ,s a c r i fi c i n gb o d i l y
e a s e a l t o ge t h e r ,w i t h t h e s h a r pe r b ut l e s s w e a r i n gm e a n s b y w h i c h
t h e v a r i o us A c t s o ft h e Pa s s i o n m a y b e fo l l o w e d a n d s y m pa t h i z e d
w i t h s t e pb y s t e p, a r e a l l v a l ua b l e i n t h e i r s e v e r a l d e gr e e s ,b ut r e qui r e
a d a pt a t i o n t o pa r t i c ul a r c a s e s . "
7
" We v e n t ur e t o s a y ,h e r e s y h a s b e e n pr a c t i c a l l y t r i um ph a n t fo r
t h r e e h un d r e d y e a r s t o ge t h e r ,t h r o ugh t h e Pr a y e r Bo o k . " s
" We w i l l n o t t a m e l y a c c e pt t h e i l l o gi c a l a n d i n c o m pl e t e s y s t e m
w h i c h t h e Re fo r m e r s h a v e l e ft us i n t h e Pr a y e r Bo o k a s i t i s . " s
Pe r h a ps t h e m o s t r e m a r k a b l e d o c um e n t e v e r pr i n t e d i n
t h e
Un i o n Re v i e w w a s a l e n gt h y l e t t e r w r i t t e n b y a m e m b e r
o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n t o a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t i n Ge r m a n y .
Th e t h o r o ugh l y J e s ui t i c a l a n d t r a i t o r o us c h a r a c t e r o ft h e
Ri t ua l i s t i c M o v e m e n t i s t h e r e i n v e r y c a n d i d l y r e v e a l e d b y
6 Un i o n Re v i e w ,Vo l . III. ,p
. 1 4 7 .

Ib i d . ,p
. 3 9 5 .

t Ib i d .
. P
. 3 9 7 ,
n o t e -
8
Ib i d . ,p
. 6 2 , .

Ib i d . ,p . 6 2 6 .
3 1 0
SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
o n e o fi t s w a r m e s t fr i e n d s .
He a n n o un c e d t h a t fo r t h e
pr e v i o us t w e n t y -fi v e y e a r s -i . e . ,fr o m 1 84 2 -t h e l e a d e r s o f
t h e pa r t y h a d b e e n pr e a c h i n g " t h e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h ," a n d
t h a t t h e i r d o c t r i n e s h a d " s e c r e t l y y e t s ur e l y b e e n w o r k i n g,
l i k e t h e l e a v e n ," d ur i n gt h a t pe r i o d . "
Fr o m t h i s n o t e -
w o r t h y l e t t e r Igi v e t h e s ub j o i n e d a d d i t i o n a l e x t r a c t s : -
"
Our b e l i e fi s t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fw h i c h w e a r e m e m b e r s i s
Ca t h o l i c i n h e r Fa i t h ,a n d Ca t h o l i c i n h e r us a ge s ,a n d t h a t
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m i n a n y s h a pe a n d fo r m h a s n o l e ga l pl a c e w i t h i n h e r . " 1 1
"
Da y a n d n i gh t -i n t h e Ch ur c h ,a n d i n t h e c l o s e t s -t h e r e a s c e n d
i n En gl a n d fr o m t h o us a n d s o fm o ur n i n gh e a r t s ,s m i t t e n w i t h a s e n s e o f
t h e i r b e r e a v e m e n t ,t h e fe r v e n t e x pr e s s i o n s o fa n i n t e n s e l o n gi n go fa
b ur n i n gd e s i r e fo r t h e r e s t o r a t i o n t o o ur un h a ppy c o un t r y o ft h i s
m o s t gl o r i o us pr i v i l e ge o fVi s i b l e Un i t y [w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ] .
He r e y o uh a v e t h e r e a l h e a r t a n d s o ul o ft h e pr e s e n t M o v e m e n t ; t h i s i s
t h e c e n t r e fr o m w h i c h i t s pul s a t i o n s v i b r a t e ,a n d fr o m w h i c h i t s l i fe
b l o o d fo w s . " 1 2
" A t t h e o ut s e t o ft h i s Un i o n M o v e m e n t o ur e y e s t ur n e d Ea s t w a r d ,
r a t h e r t h a n r e s t o n t h e s po t o n w h i c h n o w t h e y s o l o v e t o d w e l l . Fo r
n o w ,a t l a s t ,i s Go d m e r c i ful l y r e m o v i n gt h e s c a l e s fr o m o ur e y e s
.
Ev e r y y e a r w e b e gi n t o un d e r s t a n d y o u[t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ]b e t t e r ,
a n d ,t h e r e fo r e ,t o l o v e y o um o r e
. "
1 s
" He r e ,i n a s e n s e o ft h e d a n ge r o ft h e c o m m o n fo e ,a n d o ft h e
i d e n t i t y o ft h a t Fa i t h w h i c h i s t o o v e r c o m e h i m ,w e h o pe t o fi n d o n e
s t r o n gfo r c e o fa t t r a c t i o n t o d r a w n o t o n l y t h e Pr o t e s t a n t t o us ,b ut
b o t h t o ge t h e r t o y o u[Ro m e ] . But w h e n ? a h 1 w h e n ?Th e t i m e
c a n n o t b e s o v e r y fa r o ff . Th e s t r i d e s w h i c h h a v e b e e n m a d e d ur i n g
t h e l a s t t e n y e a r s a r e e n o r m o us ; a n d ,a s Is a y ,w e a r e a l l ,h o w e v e r
o ppo s e d ,m o v i n go n t o ge t h e r . "
1 4
" Ih o pe Ih a v e n o w s a i d e n o ugh t o j us t i fy a n y c o n v i c t i o n s t h a t
t h e r e i s n o r e a s o n fo r d i s c o ur a ge m e n t ,o n e i t h e r o ft h e s e t w o h e a d s ,
b ut t h a t i t i s r e a s o n a b l e t o h o pe t h a t a t t h e e n d o ft h i s t h i r d pe r i o d ,
s a y t w e n t y y e a r s h e n c e ,Ca t h o l i c i s m w i l l h a v e s o l e a v e n e d o ur Ch ur c h ,
t h a t s h e h e r s e l fi n h e r c o r po r a l c a pa c i t y ,a n d n o t a -m e r e s m a l l s e c t i o n
o fh e r ,l i k e o ur s e l v e s ,w i l l b e a b l e t o c o m e t o y o u[t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e ]a n d s a y --'Le t t h e h a n d s w h i c h po l i t i c a l fo r c e ,n o t s pi r i t ua l
c h o i c e ,h a v e pa r t e d t h e s e t h r e e h un d r e d y e a r s ,b e o n c e m o r e j o i n e d
.
We a r e o n e w i t h y o ui n Fa i t h ,
a n d w e h a v e a c o m m o n fo e t o fi gh t
.
1 0 Un i o n Re v i e w ,Vo l . V. ,p . 3 7 9 .

1 1 Ib i d . ,p . 3 3 0 .

1 2
Ib i d . ,p . 3 9 3 .
1 3 Ib i d . ,p . 4 0 0 .

1 ~
Ib i d . ,p. 4 0 8.
THEPOPE" WILLDEA LTENDERLYWITHUS. " 3 1 1
Th e r e m a y b e a fe w d i v e r ge n c i e s o fpr a c t i c e o n o ur s i d e .
We s e e k t o
m a k e n o t e r m s ; w e c o m e o n l y i n t h e s pi r i t o fl o v e a n d o fh um i l i t y ; b ut
a t t h e s a m e t i m e w e fe e l s ur e t h a t t h e Ch i e fSh e ph e r d o ft h e Fl o c k o f
Ch r i s t [t h e Po pe ] w i l l d e a l t e n d e r l y w i t h us ,a n d pl a c e n o y o k e upo n
us w h i c h w e a r e n o t a b l e t o b e a r . " '
1 6
"
Wi t h s uc h h o pe s ,t h e n ,a n d w i t h s uc h a po s i t i o n ,i t i s s ur e l y ,I
s a y ,m uc h b e t t e r fo r us t o r e m a i n w o r k i n gw h e r e w e a r e ,fo r w h a t
w o ul d b e c o m e o fEn gl a n d ,i fw e w e r e t o l e a v e h e r Ch ur c h ? Sh e
w o ul d b e s i m pl y l o s t t o Ca t h o l i c i s m ,a n d w o n t o Ra t i o n a l i s m
. . . .
De pe n d upo n i t ,i t i s o n l y t h r o ugh t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h i t s e l ft h a t
En gl a n d c a n l e Ca t h o l i c i s e d . "
1 6
" Th e w o r k n o w go i n go n i n En gl a n d i s a n e a r n e s t a n d c a r e ful l y
o r ga n i z e d a t t e m pt ,o n t h e pa r t o fa r a pi d l y i n c r e a s i n gb o d y o fpr i e s t s
a n d l a y m e n ,t o b r i n go ur Ch ur c h a n d c o un t r y upt o t h e ful l s t a n d a r d
o fCa t h o l i c Fa i t h a n d pr a c t i c e ,a n d e v e n t ua l l y t o pl e a d fo r h e r un i o n
w i t h y o u[t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ]
. " 1 7
Th e o b j e c t o ft h e Ox fo r d M o v e m e n t i s v e r y t r ut h ful l y
r e v e a l e d i n t h e l a s t o ft h e s e e x t r a c t s fr o m t h e
Un i o n Re v i e w .
Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e h a s e v e r
b e e n t h e gr e a t a i m o ft h e w i r e -pul l e r s o ft h e Ox fo r d
M o v e m e n t . Th i s n e c e s s a r i l y i n v o l v e s t h e d e a t h o ft h e
Re fo r m a t i o n M o v e m e n t o ft h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t ur y ,a t l e a s t
w i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a n d i m pl i e s t h a t t h e
Re fo r m a t i o n w a s a s i n ,i fn o t a c r i m e
. He r e a n d t h e r e s o m e
un i n fl ue n t i a l Ri t ua l i s t i s n o w h e a r d t o d e c l a r e t h a t h e w a n t s
n o t h i n go ft h e k i n d ,b ut i t i s w e l l t o r e m e m b e r ,w h e n w e
h e a r s uc h s t a t e m e n t s ,t h a t t h e m o v e m e n t s o fa n a r m y a r e
n o t gui d e d b y t h e v i e w s o ft h e r a n k a n d fi l e ,b ut b y t h e w i l l s
o ft h e c o m m a n d i n go ffi c e r s .
Th e l a n gua ge o ft h i s a r t i c l e i n
t h e Un i o n Re v i e w i s
c l e a r l y t h a t o fa t r a i t o r ,w h o r e m a i n s
w i t h i n t h e c a m po ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d fo r t h e s o l e
pur po s e o fd o i n gh i s b e s t t o d e pr i v e h e r o fh e r i n d e pe n d e n c e
a n d l i b e r t y ,a n d h a n d h e r o v e r t o t h e t y r a n n y o fh e r gr e a t e s t
e n e m y .
A n d t h e
s t r a n ge
t h i n gi s t h a t t h i s w r i t e r 's
t r a i t o r o us a r t i c l e w a s n e v e r r e pud i a t e d b y t h e l e a d e r s o f
t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y . Th e r e i s r e a s o n t o b e l i e v e t h a t i t o n l y
1 5 Ib i d
. ,PP-4 0 8. 4 0 9 .

1 6
Ib i d . ,p .
4 1 0 .

1 7 Ib i d . ,p.
4 1 2 .
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.
t o o
a c c ur a t e l y r e pr e s e n t e d t h e i r v i e w s o ft h e s i t ua t i o n .
Be fo r e pa r t i n gw i t h t h e
Un i o n Re v i e w I m a y b e pe r m i t t e d
t o gi v e t w o m o r e quo t a t i o n s fr o m s ub s e que n t v o l um e s : -
" We h a v e gr o w n w i s e r t h a n s o m e o fo ur fo r e fa t h e r s
; o n
que s t i o n s o fd o c t r i n e ,o fr i t ua l ,a n d o fr e l i gi o us pr a c t i c e ,s uc h fo r
i n s t a n c e a s t h e Co n fe s s i o n a l ,
w e a r e s e pa r a t e d b ut a h a i r 's b r e a d t h
fr o m Ro m e ;
w e n o l o n ge r c o n s i d e r o ur s e l v e s i n v o l v e d i n t h e gui l t a n d
pe r i l o fi d o l a t r y ,i f,w h e n w e a r e a b r o a d ,w e fr e que n t t h e s e r v i c e o f
t h e M a s s
; w e pr e fe r No t r e Da m e t o t h e Li t t l e Be t h e l s o fFr e n c h
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,
a n d c l a i m a ffi n i t y w i t h Ro m e o r t h e Or i e n t a l s r a t h e r
t h a n w i t h Lut h e r o r Ca l v i n . " 1 8
" By w a y o fs ugge s t i n gs o m e t h i n gpr a c t i c a l o ur s e l v e s ,w e w i l l i n
t h i s pa pe r r e c o m m e n d ,a s a fi r s t a n d e s s e n t i a l pr e l i m i n a r y t o w a r d s
t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,t h e t o t a l a b o l i t i o n o ft h e Th i r t y -n i n e
A r t i c l e s . "
1 9
Th e m e m b e r s o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o ft h e
Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n d o m w e r e v e r y z e a l o us i n fur t h e r i n gt h e
w o r k t h e y h a d o n h a n d . Th e pa pe r s o ft h e A s s o c i a t i o n
w e r e t r a n s l a t e d i n t o s e v e r a l Co n t i n e n t a l l a n gua ge s ,a n d t h e
m e m b e r s ,w h i l e t r a v e l l i n ga b r o a d ,s c a t t e r e d t h e s e pa pe r s
b r o a d c a s t t h r o ugh o ut Eur o pe . In En gl a n d i t s w o r k w a s
b r o ugh t b e fo r e t h e pub l i c c h i e fl y i n c o n n e c t i o n w i t h s pe c i a l
s e r v i c e s i n c h ur c h e s ,o n w h i c h o c c a s i o n s t h e Ri t ua l a d o pt e d
w a s o ft h e m o s t a d v a n c e d t y pe
.
Th e c a us e o ft h e
A s s o c i a t i o n w a s a l s o a d v o c a t e d t h r o ugh t h e pr e s s b y m e a n s
o fl e t t e r s i n Ri t ua l i s t i c a n d o t h e r n e w s pa pe r s ,w a r m l y
a d v o c a t i n gRe un i o n w i t h Ro m e a n d t h e Ea s t . No r w a s
t h e i r z e a l c o n fi n e d t o t h e pe r i o d i c a l pr e s s . Tw o v o l um e s o f
Se r m o n s o n t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m w e r e i s s ue d b y t h e
m e m b e r s ,s e v e r a l o ft h e m fr o m t h e pe n s o fRo m a n Ca t h o l i c
a n d Gr e e k c l e r gy m e n . Th e s e w e r e fo l l o w e d ,i n 1 86 7 ,b y a
r e m a r k a b l e v o l um e o f Es s a y s o n t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,
w h i c h ,a t t h e t i m e o fi t s pub l i c a t i o n ,a t t r a c t e d a gr e a t d e a l
o fpub l i c a t t e n t i o n . Th e A s s o c i a t i o n ,a s s uc h ,d i s c l a i m e d
a n y o ffi c i a l r e s po n s i b i l i t y fo r t h e o pi n i o n s e x pr e s s e d e i t h e r
i n t h e Es s a y s o r i n
t h e Se r m o n s ,
e a c h m e m b e r o ft h e
'" Un i o n Re v i e w ,Vo l um e fo r i 86 9 ,
P .
3 7 3 .
1 9
Ib i d . ,Vo l um e fo r 1 87 0 ,p
. 2 89 .
THE PRIM A CY A ND M ONA RCHY OF ROM E.

3 1 3
A s s o c i a t i o n w h o
c o n t r i b ut e d
t o
t h e
v o l um e s b e i n g h e l d
r e s po n s i b l e o n l y
fo r h i s o w n ut t e r a n c e s
. Pr o b a b l y t h e
Es s a y s w o ul d n o t h a v e b e e n s o w i d e l y r e a d w e r e i t n o t t h a t
t h e "
In t r o d uc t o r y Es s a y " w a s w r i t t e n b y t h e Re v
. Dr .
Pus e y ,w h o ,a s m y r e a d e r s a r e a l r e a d y a w a r e ,h a d fo r m a n y
y e a r s b e e n l a b o ur i n gz e a l o us l y t o pr o m o t e Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e ,a n d h a d w r i t t e n t w o o r t h r e e v o l um e s
o n t h e s ub j e c t .
In h i s " In t r o d uc t o r y Es s a y "
Dr . Pus e y
w r o t e : -
" Th e i d e a i t s e l f,t h a t t h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t m i gh t b e l e gi t i m a t e l y
e x pl a i n e d ,s o t h a t i t c o ul d b e r e c e i v e d b y A n gl o -Ca t h o l i c s ,a n d t h a t
o ur A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n n o t h i n gw h i c h i s ,i n i t s gr a m m a t i c a l s e n s e ,
a d v e r s e t o t h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t ,r e m a i n s un t o uc h e d a n d un r e pud i a t e d
.
A n d t h i s i s t h e i n t e l l e c t ua l b a s i s o fa fut ur e un i o n ,w h e n Go d s h a l l
h a v e d i s po s e d m e n 's h e a r t s o n b o t h s i d e s t o l o o k t h e d i ffi c ul t i e s i n
t h e fa c e ,a n d t h e pr e s e n c e o ft h e c o m m o n fo e ,un b e l i e f,s h a l l h a v e
d r i v e n t h e m t o ge t h e r . " 2 0
Th e r e a r e o t h e r a r t i c l e s i n t h i s c o l l e c t i o n o fEs s a y s o n
Re un i o n w h i c h c a l l fo r a t t e n t i o n h e r e . Th e w r i t e r s a r e
m o r e o ut s po k e n t h a n Dr . Pus e y ,o n s o m e po i n t s ,t h o ugh
o n a l l i m po r t a n t m a t t e r s t h e y s e e m t o a gr e e
. Ca n o n
Hum b l e ,a m e m b e r
o f t h e Sc o t t i s h Epi s c o pa l Ch ur c h ,w h o
w r o t e o n " Th e Ex i ge n c y o f Tr ut h ," e v i d e n t l y b e l i e v e d i n
t h e d o c t r i n e o f " Re s e r v e i n Co m m un i c a t i n gRe l i gi o us
Kn o w l e d ge ," fo r ,i n a s pi r i t w h i c h Im us t t e r m J e s ui t i c a l ,
h e d e c l a r e d t h a t -
" Th e r e a r e m a n y w h o a r e qui t e w i l l i n gt o a d m i t t h e Pr i m a c y , o r
e v e n m o r e ,
o ft h e Bi s h o po fRo m e ,w h o d o n o t t h e r e fo r e s e e t h a t t h e y
a r e i n a n y w i s e b o un d t o pr o c l a i m t h e i r b e l i e ft o a l l t h e w o r l d b y
i m m e d i a t e l y j o i n i n gt h e Ro m a n Co m m un i o n . " 2 1
" Ha d m e n l i s t e n e d t o t h e v o i c e o fGo d ,i n pl a c e o fgi v i n gr e i n s t o
t h e i r v i o l e n t t e m pe r s ,w e c a n s c a r c e l y d o ub t t h a t Ro m e w o ul d h a v e
b e c o m e a M o n a r c h y b y a s s e n t o ft h e w h o l e Ch ur c h . " 2 2
" Th e Pr i m a c y o fRo m e w a s gi v e n t o h e r ,c e r t a i n l y n o t b y t h e
Ch ur c h ,b ut b y t h e gr e a t He a d Hi m s e l f . . . . Ro m e w a s a l l o w e d t o
h a v e t h e fi r s t pl a c e un d e r t h e Pa t r i a r c h a l s y s t e m ,b ut s h e h a d t h a t
w h i c h n o Ge n e r a l Co un c i l c o ul d e i t h e r gi v e o r t a k e a w a y . Sh e w a s
2 0 Es s a y s o n Re un i o n ,p
. x x v i l i .

2 1
Ib i d
. ,p . 9 .

"
Ib i d . ,p . 2 6 .
3 1 4
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
c o n s t i t ut e d t o b e t h e s t r e n gt h a n d s uppo r t o fa l l o t h e r Ch ur c h e s -t h e
c e n t r e r o un d w h i c h a l l o t h e r s s h o ul d ga t h e r . "
2 3
Th e m a r v e l i s h o w a m a n w h o c o ul d w r i t e l i k e t h i s d i d
n o t c o n s i s t e n t l y a c t upo n h i s pr i n c i pl e s ,a n d go o v e r t o
Ro m e a t o n c e . On l y o n pr i n c i pl e s w h i c h a r e c o m m o n l y
t e r m e d J e s ui t i c a l c o ul d h e r e m a i n a s a M i n i s t e r o fa Ch ur c h
w h i c h r e fus e s t o a c k n o w l e d ge e i t h e r t h e Pr i m a c y o r
Supr e m a c y o ft h e Po pe .
Wh a t h e t e r m s "
t h e Ex i ge n c y
o fTr ut h "
a l o n e c o m pe l l e d h i m t o r e m a i n w h e r e h e w a s ,
w i t h a v i e w t o Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e . Th e Re v .
Ge o r ge Nuge e ,t h e n Vi c a r o fWy m e r i n g,w r o t e ,i n t h e s e
Es s a y s o n Re un i o n , a n a r t i c l e o n
" A Co n fe r e n c e o f
Th e o l o gi a n s ," i n w h i c h h e ,a s a c l e r gy m a n o ft h e Ch ur c h
o fEn gl a n d ,a ffi r m e d t h a t " t h e Supr e m a c y n e e d n o t b e a n
a b i d i n gh i n d r a n c e t o Re un i o n . " 2 4 Ift h i s b e s o ,i t fo l l o w s
t h a t t h e Pr o t e s t a n t Re fo r m a t i o n w a s n o t h i n gl e s s t h a n a
gr a v e e r r o r ,a n d t h e s o o n e r i t i s un d o n e t h e b e t t e r . Lo y a l
Ch ur c h m e n ,h o w e v e r ,a r e o fa d i ffe r e n t o pi n i o n . Th e y
b e l i e v e t h a t t h e Re fo r m a t i o n w a s o n e o ft h e
gr e a t e s t
b l e s s i n gs Go d h a s gi v e n t o En gl a n d ,a n d t h a t i t w o ul d b e
a s i n a n d a d i s gr a c e t o un d o i t s gl o r i o us w o r k . Pa pa l
Supr e m a c y ,i n a n y s h a pe o r fo r m ,i s a n i n s upe r a b l e b a r r i e r
t o Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e . Th e r e i s n o t h i n ggo o d t o b e
o b t a i n e d b y i t ; b ut i t i s c e r t a i n t h a t w e s h o ul d o b t a i n m uc h
t h a t i s e v i l ,a n d l o s e o ur c i v i l a n d r e l i gi o us l i b e r t i e s . Th e
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m o fEn gl a n d i s a l s o ,o n t h e o t h e r h a n d ,a s
l o n ga s i t r e m a i n s ,a n i n s upe r a b l e b a r r i e r t o t h e Re un i o n
s c h e m e s o ft h e s e Ro m a n i z e r s . Th e y r e a l i z e t h i s fa c t t o t h e
ful l ,a n d c o n s e que n t l y t h e y d o e v e r y t h i n gi n t h e i r po w e r t o
gi v e Pr o t e s t a n t i s m a b a d n a m e ,a s a pr e l i m i n a r y t o i t s fi n a l
r e m o v a l . Th i s w a s v e r y c a n d i d l y a d m i t t e d b y t h e Re v .
W. Pe r c i v a l Wa r d ,Re c t o r o fCo m pt o n Va l e n c e , i n h i s
pa pe r o n " Th e Di ffi c ul t i e s o fRe un i o n ," w h i c h Ih a v e
a l r e a d y quo t e d ( s e e p . 2 6 1 ) , b ut w h i c h w i l l b e a r r e pe t i t i o n
h e r e : -
2 3 Es s a y s o n Re un i o n ,pp . 2 7 ,2 8.

'4 Ib i d . ,p . 83
THE PROTESTA NTISM OF ENGLA ND.
" Th e fi r s t gr e a t h i n d r a n c e ," h e w r o t e ," t h a t i s b e fo r e us a r i s e s
fr o m t h e Pr o t e s t a n t i s m o fEn gl a n d . Ti l l
t h i s i s r e m o v e d ,t h e Re un i o n
o fo ur Ch ur c h ,a s t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,w i t h e i t h e r t h e Gr e e k ,o r
La t i n Ch ur c h e s , i s a b s o l ut e l y h o pe l e s s . " 2 5
He r e w e fi n d a s t r o n gr e a s o n fo r m a i n t a i n i n g,a n d e v e n
i n c r e a s i n g,t h e Pr o t e s t a n t i s m o ft h e Es t a b l i s h e d Ch ur c h .
So l o n ga s i t e x i s t s Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e i s " h o pe l e s s . " It
i s Pr o t e s t a n t i s m w h i c h ,b y Go d 's h e l p,h a s b e e n t h e c a us e
o fEn gl a n d 's pr o s pe r i t y ,a n d o ft h a t o fa l l o t h e r Pr o t e s t a n t
c o un t r i e s
. Wh i l e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c c o un t r i e s ,w h i c h a c k n o w -
l e d ge Pa pa l Supr e m a c y ,a r e e v e r y w h e r e go i n gd o w n i n t h e
s c a l e o fn a t i o n s ,Pr o t e s t a n t c o un t r i e s a r e e v e r y w h e r e
gr o w i n gi n pr o s pe r i t y ,a n d e x t e n d i n gt h e i r b o r d e r s o n e v e r y
h a n d
. Th e Pr o t e s t a n t n a t i o n s a r e a t t h e h e a d o ft h e w o r l d ,
i n e v e r y t h i n gw h i c h m a k e n a t i o n s t r ul y gr e a t a n d gl o r i o us .
We h a v e t h e r e fo r e n o r e a s o n t o b e a s h a m e d o ft h e w o r d
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,t h o ugh w e h a v e j us t c a us e fo r b e i n ga s h a m e d
o ft h e m e n i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w h o a r e t r y i n gt o
d e s t r o y t h a t r e l i gi o n w h i c h gi v e s t h e m t h e i r d a i l y b r e a d .
Th e m a n w h o b i t e s t h e h a n d w h i c h fe e d s h i m i s j us t l y h e l d
i n c o n t e m pt .
A n o t h e r o ft h e a r t i c l e s i n t h e Es s a y s o n Re un i o n , w h i c h
w a s w r i t t e n a n o n y m o us l y ,v e r y c a n d i d l y ,a n d i n t h e m o s t
b r a z e n -fa c e d fa s h i o n ,un b l us h i n gl y b o a s t e d t h a t t h e Ri ,t ua l -
i s t s w e r e d o i n gt h e w o r k o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e w i t h i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. A n y h o n e s t m a n o fb us i n e s s w o ul d s a y
t h a t i ft h e y w e r e d o i n gRo m e 's w o r k t h e y o ugh t t o r e c e i v e
Ro m e 's pa y ,a n d n o t t h a t o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . But
i t i s t o b e fe a r e d t h a t l a r ge n um b e r s o fRi t ua l i s t s po s s e s s
w h a t t h e A po s t l e t e r m s a
" c o n s c i e n c e s e a r e d w i t h a h o t
i r o n "
( 1 Ti m . i v
. z ) -h a r d e n e d ,a n d pa s t fe e l i n g . Wh a t I
h a v e j us t s a i d m a y ,a t fi r s t s i gh t ,s e e m t o s o m e o fm y
r e a d e r s ,a l m o s t i n c r e d i b l e ,a n d t h e r e fo r e Igi v e b e l o w t h e
a c t ua l w o r d s o ft h i s Ri t ua l i s t i c w r i t e r -
" Th e m a r v e l i s ,t h a t Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s w h a t e v e r t h e i r v i e w s m a y
2 5 Ib i d . ,p . 8g .
3 1 5
3 1 6
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
b e ,
d o n o t s e e t h e w i s d o m o fa i d i n gus t o t h e ut m o s t . A d m i t t i n g
t h a t w e a r e b ut a l a y b o d y w i t h n o pr e t e n s i o n s t o t h e n a m e o fa
Ch ur c h ,w e y e t ,i n o ur b e l i e f( h o w e v e r m i s t a k e n ) t h a t w e a r e o n e ,a r e
d o i n gfo r En gl a n d t h a t w h i c h t h e y c a n n o t d o
. We a r e t e a c h i n gm e n
t o b e l i e v e t h a t Go d i s t o b e w o r s h i ppe d un d e r t h e fo r m o fBr e a d ,a n d
t h e y a r e l e a r n i n gt h e l e s s o n fr o m us w h i c h t h e y h a v e r e fus e d t o l e a r n
fr o m t h e Ro m a n t e a c h e r s ,w h o h a v e b e e n a m o n gus fo r t h e l a s t t h r e e
h un d r e d y e a r s
. We a r e t e a c h i n gm e n t o e n d ur e w i l l i n gl y t h e pa i n o f
Co n fe s s i o n ,w h i c h i s a n i n t e n s e t r i a l t o t h e r e s e r v e d A n gl o -Sa x o n
n a t ur e ,a n d t o b e l i e v e t h a t a m a n 's ' Ia b s o l v e t h e e 'i s t h e v o i c e o f
Go d .
Ho w m a n y En gl i s h Pr o t e s t a n t s h a v e Ro m a n pr i e s t s b r o ugh t
t o Co n fe s s i o n ,c o m pa r e d w i t h t h e A n gl i c a n c l e r gy ?
Co ul d t h e y h a v e
o v e r c o m e t h e En gl i s h d i s l i k e t o '
m um m e r y 'a s w e a r e o v e r c o m i n gi t ?
ONA NYHYPOTHESIS,WEA REDOINGTHEIRWORK . " 2 6
Th e s e t r a i t o r s w i t h i n t h e c a m pk n e w v e r y w e l l t h a t t h e
Ch ur c h o f Ro m e w o ul d n o t c a r e t o h a v e t h e Ch ur c h
o f
En gl a n d e v e n a s a pr e s e n t ,un l e s s s h e h a d fi r s t
o f a l l
r e pe n t e d o fh e r Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,a n d a d o pt e d Ro m i s h d o c t r i n e s
a n d pr a c t i c e s
. Co n s e que n t l y t h e i r gr e a t e ffo r t s ,fo r t h e
t i m e b e i n g,c e n t r e d r o un d t h e " Ca t h o l i c i s i n g "
w o r k
d e s c r i b e d i n t h e a b o v e s t a t e m e n t
.
" Le t us b e a s s ur e d ," w r o t e t h e Re v . T. W
. M o s s m a n ,Re c t o r o f
We s t To r r i n gt o n , "
t h a t t h e Ro m a n a n d Gr e e k Ch ur c h e s c a n n o t ,i f
t h e y w o ul d ,h o l d o ut t h e r i gh t h a n d o ffe l l o w s h i pt o us ,s o
l o n ga s w e
a r e un c a t h o l i c i n o ur pr a c t i c e . . . .
We s e e t h e n m o s t c l e a r l y ,a s t h e
c o n c l us i o n o ft h e w h o l e m a t t e r ,t h a t b y a d o pt i n ga n d pr o m o t i n g
r e a l l y Ca t h o l i c Ri t ua l o b s e r v a n c e s ,w e a r e ,a s fa r a s i n us l i e s ,pr o -
m o t i n gi n t h e m o s t e ffe c t ua l w a y po s s i b l e t h e a c c o m pl i s h m e n t o f
Vi s i b l e Un i t y a n d i n t e r c o m m un i o n a m o n gs t a l l pa r t s o ft h e Ch ur c h
;
a n d t h a t b y n e gl e c t i n go r o ppo s i n gCa t h o l i c Ri t ua l w e a r e d o i n go ur
b e s t ,o r o ur w o r s t ,t o h i n d e r t h e gl o r i o us c o n s um m a t i o n o ft h e v i s i b l e ,
c o r po r a t e Re un i o n o ft h e w h o l e Ch r i s t i a n fa m i l y
. " 2 7
Fo r s e v e r a l y e a r s a ft e r t h e fo r m a t i o n
o f t h e A s s o c i a t i o n
fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o ft h e Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,Ro m a n
Ca t h o l i c s w e r e pe r m i t t e d t o j o i n i t .
A s w e h a v e a l r e a d y
s e e n ,l a r ge n um b e r s o ft h e m b e c a m e m e m b e r s ,a n d M a s s e s
fo r i t s o b j e c t w e r e o ffe r e d i n s e v e r a l Ro m i s h c o un t r i e s
.
"
Es s a y s o n Re un i o n ,p . IBo .

1 1 7
Ib i d
. ,pp . 2 88,2 8g .
THEINQ UISITIONCONDEM NSTHEA . P . U. C.

3 1 7
But i n A pr i l ,1 86 4 ,t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c Bi s h o ps i n En gl a n d
s e e m t o h a v e b e c o m e a l a r m e d a s t o po s s i b l e d a n ge r s t o
t h e i r pe o pl e ,t h r o ugh b e i n gj o i n e d t o ge t h e r w i t h n o n -
Ro m a n i s t s i n r e l i gi o us w o r k
. Th e y ,a c c o r d i n gl y ,a d d r e s s e d
a l e t t e r t o t h e In qui s i t i o n o n t h e s ub j e c t ,a s k i n gfo r a n
a ut h o r i t a t i v e d e c i s i o n o n t h e que s t i o n
. On Se pt e m b e r 1 6 t h ,
1 86 4 ,t h e In qui s i t i o n s e n t i t s o ffi c i a l r e pl y ,s i gn e d b y Ca r d i n a l
Pa t r i z i ,t o t h e Bi s h o ps ,c o n d e m n i n gt h e A . P . U . C . ,a n d
o r d e r i n ga l l Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s t o w i t h d r a w fr o m i t
.
Fr o m
t h i s d o c um e n t Igi v e t h e s ub j o i n e d e x t r a c t s : -
" It h a s b e e n n o t i fi e d t o t h e A po s t o l i c Se e t h a t s o m e Ca t h o l i c s a n d
e v e n e c c l e s i a s t i c s ,h a v e gi v e n t h e i r n a m e s t o a So c i e t y e s t a b l i s h e d i n
Lo n d o n i n t h e y e a r 1 857 ,` fo r pr o m o t i n g'( a s i t i s c a l l e d ) ` t h e Un i t y
o fCh r i s t e n d o m '
; a n d t h a t s e v e r a l a r t i c l e s h a v e b e e n pub l i s h e d i n t h e
pub l i c pa pe r s s i gn e d w i t h t h e n a m e s o fCa t h o l i c s ,i n a ppr o v a l o ft h i s
So c i e t y ,o r s uppo s e d t o h a v e b e e n w r i t t e n b y e c c l e s i a s t i c s i n i t s fa v o ur .
No w ,t h e r e a l c h a r a c t e r a n d a i m o ft h e So c i e t y a r e pl a i n ,n o t o n l y fr o m
t h e a r t i c l e s i n t h e j o ur n a l c a l l e d t h e Un i o n Re v i e w , b ut fr o m t h e v e r y
pr o s pe c t us i n w h i c h pe r s o n s a r e i n v i t e d t o j o i n i t ,a n d a r e e n r o l l e d a s
m e m b e r s . Or ga n i z e d a n d c o n d uc t e d b y Pr o t e s t a n t s , 2 8 i t h a s r e s ul t e d
fr o m a v i e w ,put fo r t h b y i t i n e x pr e s s t e r m s ,t h a t t h e t h r e e Ch r i s t i a n
Co m m un i o n s ,t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c ,t h e s c h i s m a t i c Gr e e k ,a n d t h e
A n gl i c a n ,t h o ugh s e pa r a t e d a n d d i v i d e d o n e fr o m a n o t h e r ,h a v e y e t a n
e qua l c l a i m t o t h e t i t l e o fCa t h o l i c . He n c e i t s d o o r s a r e o pe n t o a l l
m e n w h e n c e s o e v e r -Ca t h o l i c s ,s c h i s m a t i c Gr e e k s ,o r A n gl i c a n s -b ut
s o t h a t n o n e s h a l l m o o t t h e que s t i o n o ft h e s e v e r a l po i n t s o fd o c t r i n e
i n w h i c h t h e y d i ffe r ,a n d e a c h m a y fo l l o w un d i s t ur b e d t h e o pi n i o n s o f
h i s o w n r e l i gi o us pr o fe s s i o n
. . . .
" Th e Supr e m e Co n gr e ga t i o n o ft h e Ho l y Offi c e ,t o w h o s e s c r ut i n y
t h e m a t t e r h a s b e e n r e fe r r e d a s us ua l ,h a s j ud ge d ,a ft e r m a t ur e c o n -
s i d e r a t i o n ,t h a t t h e fa i t h ful s h o ul d b e w a r n e d w i t h a l l c a r e a ga i n s t
b e i n gl e d b y h e r e t i c s t o j o i n w i t h t h e m a n d w i t h s c h i s m a t i c s i n
e n t e r i n gt h i s A s s o c i a t i o n
. Th e m o s t Em i n e n t Fa t h e r s t h e Ca r d i n a l s ,
pl a c e d w i t h m y s e l fo v e r t h e Sa c r e d In qui s i t i o n ,e n t e r t a i n ,i n d e e d ,n o
d o ub t t h a t t h e Bi s h o ps o ft h o s e pa r t s a d d r e s s t h e m s e l v e s a l r e a d y w i t h
d i l i ge n c e ,a c c o r d i n gt o t h e c h a r i t y a n d l e a r n i n gw h i c h d i s t i n gui s h
2 8
Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c c o n t r o v e r s i a l i s t s pe r s i s t i n c a l l i n gRi t ua l i s t s " Pr o -
t e s t a n t s ," t h o ugh t h e y r e pud i a t e t h e n a m e . I n e e d h a r d l y a d d t h a t n o t r ue
Pr o t e s t a n t w o ul d e v e r j o i n a So c i e t y t o pr a y fo r Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e .
3 1 8 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
t h e m ,t o po i n t o ut t h e e v i l s w h i c h t h a t A s s o c i a t i o n d i ffus e s ,a n d t o
r e pe l t h e d a n ge r s i t i s b r i n gi n go n
. Ye t t h e y w o ul d s e e m w a n t i n g
t o t h e i r o ffi c e ,d i d t h e y n o t ,i n a m a t t e r o fs uc h m o m e n t ,fur t h e r
e n k i n d l e t h e s a i d Bi s h o ps 'pa s t o r a l z e a l
; t h i s n o v e l t y b e i n ga l l t h e
m o r e pe r i l o us a s i t b e a r s a s e m b l a n c e o fr e l i gi o n ,a n d o fb e i n gm uc h
c o n c e r n e d fo r t h e un i t y o ft h e Ch r i s t i a n s o c i e t y .
" Th e pr i n c i pl e o n w h i c h i t r e s t s i s o n e t h a t o v e r t h r o w s t h e Di v i n e
c o n s t i t ut i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h
. Fo r i t i s pe r v a d e d b y t h e i d e a t h a t t h e
t r ue Ch ur c h o fJ e s us Ch r i s t c o n s i s t s pa r t l y o ft h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h
s pr e a d a b r o a d a n d pr o pa ga t e d t h r o ugh o ut t h e w o r l d ,pa r t l y o ft h e
Ph o t i a n s c h i s m a n d t h e A n gl i c a n h e r e s y ,a s h a v i n ge qua l l y w i t h t h e
Ro m a n Ch ur c h ,o n e Lo r d ,o n e fa i t h ,a n d o n e b a pt i s m . . . . Th e
Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h o ffe r s pr a y e r s t o A l m i gh t y Go d ,a n d ur ge s t h e
fa i t h ful i n Ch r i s t t o pr a y ,t h a t a l l w h o h a v e l e ft t h e Ho l y Ro m a n
Ch ur c h ,o ut o fw h i c h i s n o s a l v a t i o n ,m a y a b j ur e t h e i r e r r o r s a n d b e
b r o ugh t t o t h e t r ue fa i t h ,a n d t h e pe a c e o ft h a t Ch ur c h ,n a y ,t h a t a l l
m e n m a y ,b y Go d 's m e r c i ful a i d ,a t t a i n t o a k n o w l e d ge o ft h e t r ut h .
But t h a t t h e fa i t h ful i n Ch r i s t ,a n d t h a t e c c l e s i a s t i c s ,s h o ul d pr a y fo r
Ch r i s t i a n un i t y un d e r t h e d i r e c t i o n o fh e r e t i c s ,a n d ,w o r s e s t i l l ,
a c c o r d i n gt o a n i n t e n t i o n s t a i n e d a n d i n fe c t e d b y h e r e s y i n a h i gh
d e gr e e ,c a n n o w a y b e t o l e r a t e d . . . .
" He n c e ,n o pr o o fi s n e e d e d t h a t Ca t h o l i c s w h o j o i n t h i s So c i e t y a r e
gi v i n gb o t h t o Ca t h o l i c s a n d n o n -Ca t h o l i c s a n o c c a s i o n o fs pi r i t ua l
r ui n : m o r e e s pe c i a l l y ,b e c a us e t h e So c i e t y ,b y h o l d i n go ut a v a i n
e x pe c t a t i o n o ft h o s e t h r e e c o m m un i o n s ,e a c h i n i t s i n t e gr i t y ,a n d
k e e pi n ge a c h t o i t s o w n pe r s ua s i o n ,c o a l e s c i n gi n o n e ,l e a d t h e m i n d s
o fn o n -Ca t h o l i c s a w a y fr o m c o n v e r s i o n t o t h e fa i t h ,a n d ,b y t h e
J o ur n a l s i t pub l i s h e s ,e n d e a v o ur s t o pr e v e n t i t .
" Th e m o s t a n x i o us c a r e ,t h e n ,i s t o b e e x e r c i s e d ,t h a t n o Ca t h o l i c s
m a y b e d e l ud e d ,e i t h e r b y a ppe a r a n c e o fpi e t y o r b y un s o un d o pi n i o n s ,
t o j o i n o r i n a n y w a y fa v o ur t h e So c i e t y i n que s t i o n ,o r a n y s i m i l a r
o n e ;
t h a t t h e y m a y n o t b e c a r r i e d a w a y b y a d e l us i v e y e a r n i n gfo r s uc h
n e w -fa n gl e d Ch r i s t i a n un i t y ,i n t o a fa l l fr o m t h a t pe r fe c t un i t y w h i c h
b y a w o n d e r ful gi ft o fDi v i n e Gr a c e s t a n d s o n t h e fi r m fo un d a t i o n o f
Pe t e r .
" C . CA RD. PA TRIZI. "
" ROM E, t h i s 1 6 t h d a y o fSe pt e m b e r ,1 86 4 : '
'
Th e i s s ui n go ft h i s d o c um e n t w a s ,i n d e e d , a t e r r i b l e b l o w
t o t h e pr o m o t e r s o ft h e A . P . U . C . It n o t m e r e l y pr o c l a i m e d
2 9
Iquo t e fr o m t h e o ffi c i a l Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c t r a n s l a t i o n ,i n Sy n o d i Di o e c e s e o s
Sut h w a r c e n s i s ,Lo n d i n i ,1 86 8,pp
. 1 86 -1 9 o .
TRA ITOROUSA DDRESSFROM ENGLISHCLERGY
. 3 1 9
w a r a ga i n s t t h e A s s o c i a t i o n ,b ut t r e a t e d i t w i t h un m i t i ga t e d
c o n t e m pt .
It s m e m b e r s a r e t e r m e d " h e r e t i c s " ; a n d t h e
A s s o c i a t i o n i s d e c l a r e d t o b e e n ga ge d i n t h e t a s k o f
"
d i ffus i n ge v i l s ," a n d pr o d uc i n g " d a n ge r s " i n t h e Ch ur c h .
It s c h i e f " pr i n c i pl e " i s e v e n s a i d t o
" o v e r t h r o w t h e Di v i n e
c o n s t i t ut i o n o ft h e Ch ur c h " ; a n d i t s " i n t e n t i o n " i s d e c l a r e d
t o b e "
s t a i n e d a n d i n fe c t e d w i t h h e r e s y i n a h i gh d e gr e e . "
But s o m e o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t s s e e m t o t a k e a s pe c i a l d e l i gh t i n
h um b l y k i s s i n gt h e Pa pa l t o e w h i c h h a s j us t k i c k e d t h e m
.
No fe w e r t h a n 1 9 8c l e r gy m e n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,
m e m b e r s o ft h e A
. P
. U. C
. ,a n s w e r e d t h e d o c um e n t i s s ue d
b y t h e In qui s i t i o n o fc r ue l a n d e v i l m e m o r y ,w i t h a n a d d r e s s
o fc o n t e m pt i b l e h um i l i a t i o n a n d e x pl a n a t i o n . Th e o n e
t h i n gt h e y s e e m e d t o d r e a d w a s t o o ffe n d t h e Po pe . No t
a t h o ugh t o ft h e e ffe c t o ft h e i r t r a i t o r o us c o n d uc t o n t h e
Pr o t e s t a n t s o fEn gl a n d e v e r s e e m s t o h a v e e n t e r e d t h e i r
h e a d s . Th e y put t h e i r n a m e s t o t h e i r a d d r e s s ,b ut ,n o
d o ub t ,w i t h t h e k n o w l e d ge t h a t n o n e o ft h e pub l i c w o ul d
e v e r k n o w w h o t h e y w e r e . Th e s e c r e t h a s b e e n k e pt e v e r
s i n c e . Wh a t a s t o r m o fi n d i gn a t i o n w o ul d h a v e s w e pt o v e r
t h e m ,h a d t h e i r i d e n t i t y b e e n k n o w n a t t h e t i m e t o t h e
pe o pl e a m o n gs t w h o m t h e y m i n i s t e r e d ! It w i l l b e o b s e r v e d
t h a t s o m e o ft h e m h e l d h i gh o ffi c e i n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,d e s c r i b i n gt h e m s e l v e s a s "
De a n s
" a n d " Ca n o n s . "
Th e i r a d d r e s s t o w h a t t h e y t e r m e d " t h e Sa c r e d Offi c e " o f
t h e In qui s i t i o n i s n o t ge n e r a l l y k n o w n ,a n d t h e r e fo r e Ipr i n t
i t i n ful l
" To t h e M o s t Em i n e n t a n d M o s t Re v e r e n d Fa t h e r i n Ch r i s t a n d
Lo r d C
. Ca r d i n a l Pa t r i z i ,Pr e fe c t o ft h e Sa c r e d
Offi c e .
" We ,t h e un d e r s i gn e d De a n s ,Ca n o n s ,Pa r i s h Pr i e s t s ,a n d o t h e r
Pr i e s t s o ft h e A n gl o -Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,e a r n e s t l y d e s i r i n gt h e v i s i b l e
r e un i o n ,a c c o r d i n gt o t h e w i l l o fo ur Lo r d ,o ft h e s e v e r a l pa r t s o ft h e
Ch r i s t i a n fa m i l y ,h a v e r e a d w i t h gr e a t r e gr e t y o ur
Em i n e n c e 's l e t t e r
't o a l l t h e En gl i s h Bi s h o ps . '
" In t h a t l e t t e r ,o ur So c i e t y ,i n s t i t ut e d t o pr o m o t e t h e Re un i o n o fa l l
Ch r i s t e n d o m ,i s c h a r ge d w i t h a ffi r m i n gi n i t s pr o s pe c t us t h a t 't h e
3 2 0 SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT
.
t h r e e Co m m un i o n s ,t h e
Ro m a n
Ca t h o l i c , t h e Ea s t e r n , a n d t h e
A n gl i c a n ,h a v e a n e qua l c l a i m t o c a l l t h e m s e l v e s Ca t h o l i c . '
" On t h a t que s t i o n o ur pr o s pe c t us ga v e n o o pi n i o n w h a t e v e r . Wh a t
w e s a i d ,t r e a t e d o ft h e que s t i o n o f fa c t , n o t o f r i gh t .
We m e r e l y
a ffi r m e d t h a t t h e A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h c l a i m e d t h e n a m e o fCa t h o l i c ; a s
i s a b un d a n t l y pl a i n t o a l l ,b o t h fr o m t h e Li t ur gy a n d t h e A r t i c l e s o f
Re l i gi o n .
" M o r e o v e r ,a s t o t h e i n t e n t i o n o fo ur So c i e t y ,t h a t l e t t e r a s s e r t s o ur
e s pe c i a l a i m t o b e ,` t h a t t h e t h r e e Co m m un i o n s n a m e d ,e a c h i n i t s
i n t e gr i t y a n d e a c h m a i n t a i n i n gs t i l l i t s o w n o pi n i o n s ,m a y c o a l e s c e
i n t o o n e . '
" Fa r fr o m us a n d fr o m o ur So c i e t y b e s uc h a n a i m a s t h i s ;
fr o m w h i c h m us t b e a n t i c i pa t e d ,n o t e c c l e s i a s t i c a l un i t y ,b ut m e r e l y a
d i s c o r d o fb r e t h r e n i n pe r s o n a l c o n fl i c t un d e r o n e r o o f . Wh a t w e
b e s e e c h A l m i gh t y Go d t o gr a n t ,a n d d e s i r e w i t h a l l o ur h e a r t s ,i s
s i m pl y t h a t c e c um e n i c a l i n t e r c o m m un i o n w h i c h e x i s t e d b e fo r e t h e
s e pa r a t i o n o fEa s t a n d We s t ,fo un d e d a n d c o n s o l i d a t e d o n t h e
pr o fe s s i o n o fo n e a n d t h e s a m e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h .
" M o r e o v e r ,t h e So c i e t y a fo r e s a i d s h o ul d a l l t h e l e s s e x c i t e y o ur
j e a l o us y t h a t i t a b s t a i n s fr o m a c t i o n ,a n d s i m pl y pr a y s ,i n t h e w o r d s
o fCh r i s t o ur Lo r d ,` M a y t h e r e b e o n e Fo l d a n d o n e Sh e ph e r d . '
Th i s a l o n e fi n d s pl a c e i n o ur h e a r t s 'd e s i r e ,a n d t h i s i s t h e pr i n c i pl e
a n d t h e y e a r n i n gw e e x pr e s s t o y o ur Em i n e n c e w i t h t h e ut m o s t
e a r n e s t n e s s ,w i t h s i n c e r e h e a r t a n d v o i c e un fe i gn e d
.
" A s t o t h e j o ur n a l e n t i t l e d t h e Un i o n Re v i e w , t h e c o n n e c t i o n
b e t w e e n i t a n d t h e So c i e t y i s pur e l y a c c i d e n t a l ,a n d w e a r e ,t h e r e fo r e ,
i n n o w a y pl e d ge d t o i t s d i c t a . In t h a t l i t t l e w o r k ,v a r i o us w r i t e r s
put fo r t h i n d e e d t h e i r o w n o pi n i o n s ,b ut o n l y t o t h e fur t h e r e l uc i d a -
t i o n o ft h e t r ut h o ft h e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h b y d e v e l o pi n gt h e m . Th a t
s uc h a m o d e o fc o n t r i b ut i n gpa pe r s s h o ul d n o t b e i n us e i n Ro m e ,
w h e r e t h e c o n t r o v e r s i e s o ft h e d a y a r e s e l d o m un d e r d i s c us s i o n ,i s
h a r d l y t o b e w o n d e r e d a t ; b ut i n En gl a n d ,w h e r e a l m o s t e v e r y
que s t i o n b e c o m e s pub l i c pr o pe r t y ,n o n e r e s ul t s i n s uc c e s s ful c o n -
v i c t i o n w i t h o ut fr e e d i s c us s i o n .
" To h a s t e n t h i s e v e n t ,w e h a v e n o w l a b o ur e d d ur i n gm a n y y e a r s
.
We h a v e e ffe c t e d i m pr o v e m e n t s b e y o n d w h a t c o ul d b e h o pe d fo r ,
w h e r e t h e fa i t h o ft h e fl o c k ,o r Di v i n e w o r s h i p,o r c l e r i c a l d i s c i pl i n e ,
m a y h a v e b e e n i m pe r fe c t ; a n d ,n o t t o b e fo r ge t ful o fo t h e r s ,
WE HA VE CULTIVA TEDA FEELINGOFGOODWILLTOWA RDSTHE
VENERA BLECHURCHOFROM E, t h a t h a s fo r a l o n gt i m e c a us e d s o m e
t o m i s t r us t us .
DR.
M A NNINGONTHEREUNIONM OVEM ENT.

3 2 1
" We h um b l y pr o fe s s o ur s e l v e s y o ur Em i n e n c e 's s e r v a n t s ,d e v o t e d
t o Ca t h o l i c un i t y . " 80
On t h i s d o c um e n t ,a n d t h e r e pl y gi v e n t o i t b y t h e
In qui s i t i o n ,Ca r d i n a l M a n n i n ga d d r e s s e d a pa s t o r a l l e t t e r
t o t h e c l e r gy ,e n t i t l e d t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m
. In t h i s
d o c um e n t ,w h i l e fi r m l y uph o l d i n gt h e d e c i s i o n o ft h e
In qui s i t i o n fo r b i d d i n gRo m a n Ca t h o l i c s t o j o i n t h e
A . P . U . C . ,Dr
. M a n n i n gs h o w e d h o w m uc h h e r e j o i c e d i n
h i s h e a r t a t t h e w o r k o ft h a t So c i e t y
. Oft h e a d d r e s s
t o t h e In qui s i t i o n ,b y 1 9 8Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c l e r gy m e n ,
h e w r o t e : -
" We d o n o t r e ga r d t h i s a s a m e r e l y i n t e l l e c t ua l o r n a t ur a l e v e n t .
We gl a d l y r e c o gn i z e i n i t a n i n fl ue n c e a n d a n i m pul s e o fs upe r n a t ur a l
gr a c e .
It i s a w o n d e r ful r e a c t i o n fr o m t h e d a y s w i t h i n l i v i n g
m e m o r y w h e n fi d e l i t y t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w a s m e a s ur e d b y
r e pul s i o n fr o m t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . It i s a s w o n d e r ful a n e v i d e n c e
o ft h e fl o w i n t h e s t r e a m w h i c h h a s c a r r i e d t h e m i n d s o fm e n
o n w a r d s fo r t h e s e t h i r t y y e a r s n e a r e r a n d n e a r e r t o t h e fr o n t i e r s o f
t h e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h
. It i s a m o v e m e n t a ga i n s t t h e w i n d a n d t i d e o f
En gl i s h t r a d i t i o n a n d o fEn gl i s h pr e j ud i c e ; a s upe r n a t ur a l m o v e m e n t
l i k e t h e a t t r a c t i o n w h i c h d r e w t h o s e w h o w e r e o n c e fa r t h e s t fr o m t h e
Ki n gd o m o fHe a v e n t o t h e s i d e o fo ur Lo r d . A c h a n ge h a s v i s i b l y
pa s s e d o v e r En gl a n d
. Th i r t y y e a r s a go i t s a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s t h e
Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h w a s e i t h e r i n t e n s e h o s t i l i t y o r s t a gn a n t i gn o r a n c e .
It i s n o t s o n o w . "
81
A t t h i s pe r i o d Dr . M a n n i n gs e e m s t o h a v e d e v o t e d a gr e a t
d e a l o fh i s a t t e n t i o n t o t h e Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. He t h a n k ful l y a c k n o w l e d ge d t h e
s e r v i c e s r e n d e r e d b y t h e Ri t ua l i s t s t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,
a n d s i m pl y l a ugh e d t o s c o r n t h e i r b o a s t t h a t t h e y k e pt t h e i r
fo l l o w e r s fr o m j o i n i n gt h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e b y gi v i n gt o t h e m
Po pe r y w i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,i n o r d e r t h a t i t m i gh t
b e un n e c e s s a r y fo r t h e m t o go t o Ro m e fo r i t . In t h e c o ur s e
o fh i s i n a ugur a l a d d r e s s t o t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c A c a d e m i a ,
i n
1 86 6 ,A r c h b i s h o pM a n n i n ge n t e r e d a t c o n s i d e r a b l e l e n gt h
3 0
Pur c e l l 's Li fe o f Ca r d i n a l M a n n i n g,Vo l . II. ,pp
. 2 7 9 , 2 80 -
3 1 Ib i d . ,p . 2 86 .
2 1
3 2 2
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
i n t o t h e e ffe c t s o fRi t ua l i s m o n t h e pr o s pe r i t y o ft h e Ch ur c h
o fRo m e i n En gl a n d . He s a i d
: -
" In t h e l a s t t h i r t y y e a r s t h e r e h a s s pr un gupi n t h e A n gl i c a n
Es t a b l i s h m e n t a n e x t e n s i v e r e j e c t i o n o fPr o t e s t a n t i s m ,a n d a s i n c e r e
d e s i r e a n d c l a i m t o b e Ca t h o l i c .
Ev e r s i n c e t h e Re fo r m a t i o n ,i n d e e d ,
t h e w r i t e r s o ft h e A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h h a v e c l a i m e d t o b e Ca t h o l i c ; b ut
n o n e t h a t Ik n o w d i s c l a i m e d t o b e Pr o t e s t a n t
. Th e y a s s um e d t h a t a
Pr o t e s t i n gCh r i s t i a n w a s i ps o fa c t o
a pr i m i t i v e Ca t h o l i c . No t s o n o w .
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m i s r e c o gn i z e d a s a t h i n gi n t r i n s i c a l l y un t e n a b l e a n d
i r r e c o n c i l a b l e w i t h t h e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h
. Th e s c h o o l o fw h i c h Is pe a k
c l a i m . t o
b e Ca t h o l i c b e c a us e t h e y r e j e c t Pr o t e s t a n t i s m w i t h a l l i t s
h e t e r o d o x i e s .
In t h i s s c h o o l a r e t o b e fo un d m a n y Ca t h o l i c d o c t r i n e s ,
n o t e x a c t l y o r ful l y e x pr e s s e d o r b e l i e v e d -fo r s uc h a r e n o t t o b e
fo un d e i t h e r ful l o r e x a c t o ut s i d e o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h -b ut m o r e o r
l e s s n e a r t o t r ut h .
Fo r i n s t a n c e ,t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d fo r b i d s t h e
us e o ft h e t e r m Tr a n s ub s t a n t i a t i o n ,b y d e c l a r i n gt h e d o c t r i n e t o b e
a n e r r o r .
Th e d o c t r i n e o ft h e Re a l Pr e s e n c e ,l e s s Tr a n s ub s t a n t i a t i o n ,
i s l i k e t h e d o c t r i n e o fo n e Go d i n t h r e e Pe r s o n s ,l e s s t h e d o c t r i n e o f
t h e Tr i n i t y
.
No t o n l y i s t h e t e r m r e j e c t e d ,b ut t h e c o n c e pt i o n i s
c o r r e s po n d i n gl y i n a c c ur a t e
.
Th i s r un s t h r o ugh a l l t h e Ca t h o l i c
d o c t r i n e s w h i c h a r e pr o fe s s e d o ut o ft h e un i t y o ft h e Ch ur c h ,a n d
a pa r t fr o m t h e t r a d i t i o n s o fi t s s a c r e d t e r m i n o l o gy
. It i s un d e r t h i s
l i m i t a t i o n t h a t Igo o n t o s a y t h a t a t t h i s t i m e t h e d o c t r i n e o ft h e
Sa c r a m e n t s ,t h e i r n a t ur e ,n um b e r ,a n d gr a c e
; t h e i n t e r c e s s i o n a n d
i n v o c a t i o n o fs a i n t s ,t h e po w e r o ft h e pr i e s t h o o d i n s a c r i fi c e a n d
a b s o l ut i o n ,t h e e x c e l l e n c e a n d o b l i ga t i o n s o ft h e r e l i gi o us l i fe ,a r e a l l
h e l d a n d t a ugh t b y c l e r gy m e n o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. A d d t o
t h i s ,t h e pr a c t i c e o fCo n fe s s i o n ,a n d o fw o r k s o ft e m po r a l a n d s pi r i t ua l
m e r c y i n fo r m a n d b y r ul e b o r r o w e d fr o m t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,
a r e a l l t o b e fo un d a m o n gt h o s e w h o a r e s t i l l w i t h i n t h e A n gl i c a n
c o m m un i o n .
Im us t a l s o a d d t h e l a t e s t a n d s t r a n ge s t ph e n o m e n o n
o ft h i s m o v e m e n t ,t h e a d o pt i o n o fa n e l a b o r a t e r i t ua l w i t h i t s
v e s t m e n t s b o r r o w e d fr o m t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h
.
" On a l l t h e s e t h i n gs It r us t a b l e s s i n gm a y d e s c e n d
. Is e e i n
t h e m m a n y t h i n gs :
Fi r s t ,t h e y a r e a t e s t i m o n y i n fa v o ur o ft h e
Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,w h i c h h a s a l w a y s un c h a n ge a b l y t a ugh t a n d pr a c t i s e d
t h e s e t h i n gs
; s e c o n d l y ,a t e s t i m o n y a ga i n s t t h e A n gl i c a n Re fo r m a t i o n ,
w h i c h h a s a l w a y s r e j e c t e d a n d c a s t t h e m o ut
. " 3 2
" Ev e r y pa r i s h pr i e s t h a ppi l y k n o w s h o w e m pt y a n d fo o l i s h i s t h e
3 2 Es s a y s o n Re l i gi o n a n d Li t e r a t ur e ,pp
. 1 2 ,
r 3 .
Se c o n d s e r i e s .
DR. M A NNINGONTHE WORKOFRITTJ A LISTS.

3 2 3
b o a s t t h e y [Ri t ua l i s t s ]m a k e o fk e e pi n gs o ul s fr o m c o n v e r s i o n [t o
t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ] . Th e pub l i c fa c t s o fe v e r y d a y r e fut e i t .
Th e y m a y k e e pb a c k t h e h a n d ful w h o s ur r o un d t h e m . a n d h i d e t h e
t r ut h fr o m t h e i r o w n h e a r t s
; b ut t h e s t e a d y c ur r e n t o fr e t ur n t o t h e
Ca t h o l i c a n d Ro m a n Ch ur c h t h r o ugh o ut t h e w h o l e o fEn gl a n d i s n o
m o r e t o b e a ffe c t e d b y t h e m t h a n t h e r i s i n go ft h e t i d e b y t h e pa l m s
o ft h e i r h a n d s . A ga i n s t t h e i r w i l l ,c e r t a i n l y ,a n d pe r h a ps w i t h o ut
t h e i r k n o w l e d ge ,t h e y a r e s e n d i n go n n um b e r l e s s s o ul s i n t o t h e t r ut h
w h i c h t h e y pr o b a b l y w i l l n e v e r e n t e r
. But t h e n um b e r o ft h o s e
[Ri t ua l i s t s ]w h o s e go o d fa i t h i s d o ub t ful i s n o t gr e a t . Th e m ul t i t ud e
o ft h o s e w h o a r e d r a w n b y a s i m pl e a n d n a t ur a l r e v e r e n c e t o Cl o t h e
w h a t t h e y s i n c e r e l y b e l i e v e w i t h a b e c o m i n gr i t ua l ,a n d w h o w o r s h i p
pi o us l y a n d h um b l y i n Ch ur c h e s w h i c h m i gh t a l m o s t b e m i s t a k e n fo r
o ur s . .
. i s v e r y gr e a t ,a n d i s pe r h a ps c o n t i n ua l l y i n c r e a s i n g . Th e y
a r e c o m i n gupt o t h e v e r y t h r e s h o l d o ft h e Ch ur c h
. Th e y h a v e l e a r n e d
t o l o o k upo n i t a s t h e c e n t r e o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,fr o m w h i c h t h e y s pr a n g,
a n d upo n w h i c h t h e i r o w n Ch ur c h i s s uppo s e d t o r e s t
. Th e y us e o ur
d e v o t i o n s ,o ur b o o k s ,o ur pi c t ur e s o fpi e t y ; t h e y a r e t a ugh t t o b e l i e v e
t h e w h o l e Ca t h o l i c d o c t r i n e ,a n d t o r e c e i v e t h e w h o l e Co un c i l o f
Tr e n t ,n o t i n d e e d i n i t s o w n t r ue m e a n i n g,b ut i n a m e a n i n gi n v e n t e d
b y t h e i r t e a c h e r s
. Th i s c a n n o t l a s t l o n g . Suc h t e a c h e r s a r e ,a s
Ful l e r qua i n t l y a n d t r ul y s a y s ,l i k e un s k i l ful h o r s e m e n . Th e y s o o pe n
ga t e s a s t o s h ut t h e m s e l v e s o ut ,b ut l e t o t h e r s t h r o ugh . "
3 3
Si n c e t h e y e a r 1 86 7 t h e A s s o c i a t i o n fo r t h e Pr o m o t i o n o f
t h e Un i t y o f
Ch r i s t e n d o m h a s n o t c o m e v e r y pr o m i n e n t l y
b e fo r e t h e pub l i c .
But i t h a s w o r k e d i n pr i v a t e e v e r s i n c e ,
i n w a y s w i t h w h i c h t h e o ut e r w o r l d
i s n o t ge n e r a l l y
a c qua i n t e d . It i s
a d v e r t i s e d i n s e v e r a l o f
t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c
a n n ua l s ,a n d
t w i c e a y e a r "
Ce l e b r a t i o n s
" fo r t h e
" i n t e n t i o n "
o ft h e So c i e t y a r e o ffe r e d i n En gl i s h ,Sc o t t i s h ,
a n d Co l o n i a l Ch ur c h e s .
Th e Ch ur c h o f ,Ro m e n o l o n ge r
gi v e s t h e A s s o c i a t i o n a n y h e l p
;
s h e o n l y r e a ps t h e fr ui t o f i t s
l a b o ur s .
A m o n gs t t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c
s o c i e t i e s w h i c h ,a s a po r t i o n o n l y
o ft h e i r o pe r a t i o n s ,a d v o c a t e a n d l a b o ur fo r t h e Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n o f
t h e Ch ur c h o f En gl a n d w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e ,i s t h e s e c r e t So c i e t y
o f t h e Ho l y Cr o s s . In t h e y e a r
1 86 7 ,a t t h e Wo l v e r h a m pt o n Ch ur c h Co n gr e s s ,t h i s So c i e t y
3 3
Ib i d . , p . 1 4 .
2 1
3 2 4 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
i s s ue d a n A d d r e s s t o Ca t h o l i c s , i n w h i c h i t s d e e p,h e a r t fe l t
l o n gi n gs fo r Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e fo un d e x pr e s s i o n .
" It m a y w e l l b e ," s a y s t h i s A d d r e s s ," n a y , i t i s ,a v e r y gr i e v o us
d r a w b a c k
t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t h a t s h e i s n o t n o w i n v i s i b l e
c o m m un i o n w i t h t h e We s t e r a Pa t r i a r c h a t e . "
3 4
By t h e " We s t e r n Pa t r i a r c h a t e "
i s ,o fc o ur s e ,m e a n t t h a t
o f t h e Ch ur c h o f Ro m e .
Iv e n t ur e t o a s s e r t t h a t t h e
m a j o r i t y o fl o y a l Ch ur c h m e n a r e qui t e c e r t a i n t h a t t h e
a b s e n c e ,d ur i n gt h e pa s t t h r e e c e n t ur i e s ,o f
" v i s i b l e
c o m m un i o n " w i t h Ro m e ,i n s t e a d o fb e i n g "
a v e r y gr i e v o us
d r a w b a c k t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ," i s ,i n r e a l i t y ,a gr e a t
b l e s s i n gfo r w h i c h En gl a n d c a n n o t b e t o o t h a n k ful t o
A l m i gh t y Go d . It i s n o " d r a w b a c k " t o e i t h e r i n d i v i d ua l s ,
n a t i o n s ,o r Ch ur c h e s ,t o b e s pi r i t ua l l y fr e e fr o m Pa pa l
b o n d a ge . Sh o ul d t h e S . S . C
. ga i n i t s o b j e c t s ,t h e n fa r e w e l l
fo r e v e r t o o ur r e l i gi o us l i b e r t y !
Dur i n gt h e fe w m o n t h s i m m e d i a t e l y pr e c e d i n gt h e
Wo l v e r h a m pt o n Ch ur c h Co n gr e s s ,o f1 86 7 ,t h e a ut h o r i t i e s
o ft h e So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s w e r e b us i l y e n ga ge d i n
s e c ur i n gs i gn a t ur e s ,fr o m b o t h c l e r gy a n d l a i t y ,t o a n
A d d r e s s t o t h e Bi s h o ps a s s e m b l e d t h a t y e a r ,a t t h e fi r s t
La m b e t h Co n fe r e n c e . Th e Ro m e w a r d l e a n i n gs o ft h e
So c i e t y ,w h i c h w a s d e s c r i b e d a t t h a t t i m e ,b y a Ri t ua l i s t i c
n e w s pa pe r ,a s " a s h y a n d r e t i r i n go r ga n i z a t i o n ," 3 5
a r e s t i l l
m o r e c l e a r l y s e e n i n t h i s A d d r e s s ,w h i c h w a s pub l i c l y
a d v e r t i s e d a t t h e t i m e a s e m a n a t i n gfr o m t h e S
. S. C . Th e
fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t fr o m t h i s d o c um e n t w i l l b e r e a d w i t h
d i s a ppr o b a t i o n b y a l l w h o l o v e t h e fr e e d o m o ft h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,a n d b e l i e v e t h a t i t w o ul d b e a s i n t o j o i n t h e
Ro m a n c o m m un i o n ,w h e t h e r i n d i v i d ua l l y o r c o r po r a t e l y
: -
" We a r e m i n d ful o fe ffo r t s m a d e i n fo r m e r t i m e b y En gl i s h a n d
fo r e i gn Bi s h o ps a n d t h e o l o gi a n s t o e ffe c t ,
b y m ut ua l e x pl a n a t i o n s o n
e i t h e r s i d e ,
a r e c o n c i l i a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e Ro m a n a n d A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n s .
A n d ,c o n s i d e r i n gt h e i n t i m a t e a n d v i s i b l e un i o n w h i c h e x i s t e d b e t w e e n
3 4
S. S. C . A d d r e s s t o Ca t h o l i c s , p . 1 3 .
0
Ch ur c h Ne w s ,A ugus t 2 1 , 1 86 7 ,p . S7 2 .
P
REM OVING THE BA RRIERS.

3 2 5
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d a n d t h e r e s t o fWe s t e r n Ch r i s t e n d o m ,w e
e a r n e s t l y e n t r e a t y o ur l o r d s h i ps s e r i o us l y t o c o n s i d e r t h e b e s t m e a n s
o fr e n e w i n gl i k e e n d e a v o ur s ; a n d t o a d o pt s uc h m e a s ur e s a s m a y ,
un d e r t h e gui d a n c e o fGo d 's Ho l y Spi r i t ,b e e ffe c t ua l i n REM OVING
THEBA RRIERS w h i c h n o w d i v i d e t h e We s t e r n Br a n c h o ft h e Ca t h o l i c
Ch ur c h . "
3 6
Id o n o t k n o w a n y e x pr e s s i o n w h i c h m o r e c l e a r l y a n d
a c c ur a t e l y d e s c r i b e s t h e w o r k o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t s t h a n
t h a t o f" r e m o v i n gt h e b a r r i e r s " b e t w e e n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e . Th o s e " b a r r i e r s "
w e r e s e t upb y o ur Re fo r m e r s ,n e a r l y 3 50 y e a r s a go ,a n d
fo r go o d a n d s uffi c i e n t r e a s o n s . Th e y a r e a s m uc h n e e d e d
n o w a s e v e r ,fo r Ro m e h a s n o t i m pr o v e d ,b ut h a s r a t h e r
gr o w n w o r s e ,s i n c e t h e Re fo r m a t i o n . It i s ,t h e r e fo r e ,t h e
b o un d e n d ut y o fa l l w h o l o v e t h e Re fo r m a t i o n ,w h a t e v e r
m a y b e t h e i r e c c l e s i a s t i c a l o r s o c i a l po s i t i o n ,h o w e v e r e x a l t e d ,
o r h o w e v e r h um b l e ,t o r e s i s t a l l a t t e m pt s a t r e m o v i n gt h e m ,
w h e t h e r t h o s e a t t e m pt s a r e m a d e b y t h e s e c r e t So c i e t y o f
t h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,o r b y a n y o t h e r Ri t ua l i s t i c s o c i e t y o r i n d i -
v i d ua l . Th i s S. S. C . A d d r e s s t o t h e La m b e t h Co n fe r e n c e
w a s s i gn e d b y n o fe w e r t h a n 1 2 I2 c l e r gy m e n i n t h e Ch ur c h
o fEn gl a n d ,a n d b y
4 4 53
o ft h e l a i t y ,o fw h o m 1 9 9 5w e r e
w o m e n . 3 7 It w i l l n o d o ub t s ur pr i s e m a n y o fm y r e a d e r s t o
l e a r n t h a t s o fa r b a c k a s t h e y e a r 1 86 7 s uc h a l a r ge n um b e r
o fc l e r gy m e n w e r e fo un d a n x i o us fo r " a r e c o n c i l i a t i o n b e t w e e n
t h e Ro m a n a n d A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n s
. " Ifs o m a n y c o ul d
b e fo un d t h e n ,i s t h e r e n o t go o d r e a s o n fo r fe a r i n gt h a t t h e
n um b e r h a s m ul t i pl i e d s i n c e ,a n d t h a t t h e d a n ge r s t o o ur
Ch ur c h fr o m t h i s Ro m e w a r d M o v e m e n t h a v e m ul t i pl i e d a l s o ?
A fe w n a m e s o n l y o ft h o s e w h o s i gn e d t h i s A d d r e s s w e r e
pub l i s h e d i n t h e pa pe r s -t h e gr e a t m a j o r i t y o ft h e m a r e
un k n o w n un t i l t h i s d a y . A m o n gs t o t h e r s ,i t w a s s i gn e d b y
t h e Re v
. Dr . Pus e y ; t h e l a t e Ca n o n H. P . Li d d o n ;
Ca n o n
T. T
. Ca r t e r ,o fCl e w e r ; t h e Re v .
W
. But l e r ,l a t e De a n o f
Li n c o l n ; t h e Re v . F. H
. M ur r a y ,t h e n a n d n o w Re c t o r o f
0 Ib i d
. , Se pt e m b e r i i t h ,1 86 7 ,p . 4 2 6 .
11
Ib i d . , Se pt e m b e r 2 5t h ,1 86 7 ,p
. 4 55,
3 2 6 SECRETHISTORY OF
THEO$FORb M OVEM ENT.
Ch i s l e h ur s t ; t h e Re v . R. M . Be n s o n ,t h e n h e a d o ft h e
Co w l e y Fa t h e r s ; t h e Ho n . a n d Re v . H. Do ugl a s ,n o w Vi c a r
o fSt . Pa ul 's ,Wo r c e s t e r ; t h e Re v . A . Wa gn e r ,Vi c a r o f
St . Pa ul 's ,Br i gh t o n ; Re v . P . G. M e d d ,n o w Re c t o r o f
No r t h Ce r n e y ,Ci r e n c e s t e r ; t h e Re v . G. R. Pr y n n e ,Vi c a r
o fSt . Pe t e r 's ,Pl y m o ut h ; t h e Ho n . Co l i n Li n d s a y ,t h e n
Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,a n d s ub s e que n t l y a
s e c e d e r t o Ro m e ; a n d t h e Ho n . C . L. Wo o d ,n o w Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,
a n d t h e pr e s e n t Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n .
Th e s e c r e c y w h i c h s ur r o un d s t h e w o r k o ft h e So c i e t y o f
t h e Ho l y Cr o s s h a s pr e v e n t e d m e fr o m l e a r n i n gm uc h a s t o
i t s o pe r a t i o n s i n fur t h e r a n c e o fRe un i o n w i t h Ro m e s i n c e
1 86 7 ,b ut Ih a v e h e a r d n o t h i n gw h i c h w o ul d l e a d m e t o
s uppo s e t h a t i t h a s w i t h d r a w n fr o m t h e po s i t i o n w h i c h i t
t h e n a d o pt e d
. Th e r e c a n b e n o d o ub t t h a t d ur i n gt h a t
pe r i o d i t h a s l a b o ur e d z e a l o us l y i n Ro m a n i z i n gt h e s e r v i c e s
o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a n d i t e v e n w e n t s o fa r a s t o m a k e
t h e a d o pt i o n o f" Ro m a n Ri t ua l " t h e r ul e fo r t h e Br e t h r e n
t o fo l l o w . A n d i t h a s c e r t a i n l y l a b o ur e d h a r d e v e r s i n c e
1 86 7 i n t e a c h i n gRo m i s h d o c t r i n e . Th e M a s t e r o ft h e
So c i e t y ,i n h i s A d d r e s s t o t h e Se pt e m b e r ,1 87 6 ,Sy n o d ,
w e n t s o fa r a s t o d e c l a r e t h a t " n o Br o t h e r [o ft h e S
. S. C . ]
s h o ul d b e c o n s i d e r e d d i s l o y a l t o t h e So c i e t y w h o a gr e e s i n
o pi n i o n w i t h t h e r e s t o fWe s t e r n Ch r i s t e n d o m ,e x c e pt i n o n e
a r t i c l e ,o r i t s i m m e d i a t e c o n s e que n c e s ,w h i c h d e n i e s t h a t t h e
Br o t h e r h i m s e l fi s a Ca t h o l i c . "
s s
Th e " o n e a r t i c l e " h e r e
r e fe r r e d t o ,t h e r e c a n b e n o que s t i o n ,w a s t h a t o fPa pa l In fa l l i -
b i l i t y
. A m a n c a n t h e r e fo r e a gr e e w i t h e v e r y o t h e r d o c t r i n e
o f " t h e r e s t o fWe s t e r n Ch r i s t e n d o m ," t h a t i s ,w i t h t h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,w i t h o ut b e i n gi n a n y w a y " d i s l o y a l
"
t o
t h e So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s
. Th a t ,n o d o ub t ,i s t h e c a s e ;
b ut h e r e t h e i m po r t a n t que s t i o n c o m e s i n ,Is n o t s uc h a m a n
" d i s l o y a l " t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
? A t t h e Se pt e m b e r ,
1 87 8,Sy n o d o ft h e S. S. C
. t h e fo l l o w i n gr e s o l ut i o n pr o po s e d
1 8
Th e M a s t e r 's A d d r e s s
. Fe s t i v a l o ft h e Ex a l t a t i o n o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,
: 87 6 ,p
. 5.
THE S. S. C
. ONREUNION.
b y Br o t h e r Lo w d e r ,a n d s e c o n d e d b y Br o t h e r Go l d i e ,w a s
c a r r i e d n e m . c o n . : " Th a t t h i s Sy n o d r e ga r d s w i t h m uc h
i n t e r e s t t h e a t t e m pt s t o r e v i v e t h e l i fe a n d a c t i o n o ft h e
A . P . U. C . [A s s o c i a t i o n fo r Pr o m o t i n gt h e Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n -
d o m ],a n d h o l d s t h a t t h e t i m e i s n o w c o m e fo r i t s a d o pt i n g
s o m e m o r e pr a c t i c a l m e a s ur e s fo r t h e pr o m o t i o n o ft h e
Un i t y o fCh r i s t e n d o m ,a n d i n pa r t i c ul a r t h a t t h e S . S . C .
w o ul d d e s i r e t o c o -o pe r a t e w i t h t h e A . P . U. C . i n o b t a i n i n g
t h e s a n c t i o n o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Pa t r i a r c h s o fWe s t e r n a n d
Ea s t e r n Ch r i s t e n d o m fo r fr e e d o m t o En gl i s h Ca t h o l i c s t o
c o m m un i c a t e a t Ca t h o l i c a l t a r s i n fo r e i gn c o un t r i e s
. "
" I
In
t h e c o ur s e o ft h e d i s c us s i o n w h i c h t o o k pl a c e o n t h i s r e s o l u-
t i o n ,Br o t h e r M o s s m a n i n fo r m e d t h e Br e t h r e n t h a t t h e
Or d e r o fCo r po r a t e Re un i o n " h a d a r i s e n o ut o ft h e y e a r n i n g
o fm a n y h e a r t s fo r v i s i b l e un i t y a n d c o m m un i o n w i t h t h e Se e
o fPe t e r . He ga v e a n a c c o un t o fa n i n t e r v i e w h e h a d h a d
w i t h Ca r d i n a l M a n n i n g,t o w h o m h e h a d m e n t i o n e d fo ur
po i n t s w h i c h ,h e b e l i e v e d ,w o ul d b e ur ge d b y t h e Ca t h o l i c
pa r t y i n a n y n e go t i a t i o n s w i t h t h e Ho l y Se e . ( i ) Th e
r e c o gn i t i o n o fA n gl i c a n Or d e r s ; ( z ) t h e m a r r i a ge o fpr i e s t s ;
( 3 ) t h e gi v i n go ft h e c h a l i c e t o t h e l a i t y ; ( q. ) t h e Li t ur gy i n
t h e v e r n a c ul a r
.
Th e a n s w e r s o fh i s Em i n e n c e h a d b e e n
s a t i s fa c t o r y ,t h o ugh h e w o ul d n o t c o m m i t h i m s e l ft o s pe a k
a ut h o r i t a t i v e l y o n t h e m a t t e r . " 4 0 A t t h i s s a m e Sy n o d t h e
So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s c o n s i d e r e d i t s a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s
t h e Or d e r o fCo r po r a t e Re un i o n ,a n d a Co m m i t t e e w a s
a ppo i n t e d t o c o n s i d e r t h e s ub j e c t . Sub s e que n t l y t h e So c i e t y
a d o pt e d a n d pub l i s h e d t h e Re po r t o ft h i s Co m m i t t e e . It
w a s d e c i d e d l y a ga i n s t t h e O. C . R. Th e c o n c l us i o n a r r i v e d
a t i s c o n t a i n e d i n t h e fo l l o w i n gpa r a gr a ph
: -" We t h e r e fo r e
h o l d t h a t t h e a s s um e d j ur i s d i c t i o n o ft h e Or d e r o fCo r po r a t e
Re un i o n i s w i t h o ut a n y l a w ful fo un d a t i o n ,t h a t i t s c l a i m s
c a n n o t b e s ub s t a n t i a t e d ,a n d t h a t Ca t h o l i c s s h o ul d t h e r e fo r e
b e w a r n e d a ga i n s t j o i n i n gt h e A s s o c i a t i o n , a s i n v o l v i n g
3 9 S. S. C . A n a l y s i s o fPr o c e e d i n gs , Se pt e m b e r Sy n o d ,1 87 8,pp
. 9 - 1 1 -
1 0 Ib i d . ,p . s o .
3 2 7
3 2 8 SECRET HISTORY OFTHE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
t h e m s e l v e s t h e r e b y i n t h e gui l t o fs c h i s m ,a n d pr o b a b l y o f
s a c r i l e ge . "
4 1
On e o ft h e m e m b e r s o ft h e So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,
t h e Re v . N. Y. Bi r k m y r e ,Vi c a r o fSt . Si m o n 's ,Br i s t o l ,
ga v e e x pr e s s i o n ,i n 1 888,t o h i s w i s h e s fo r Re un i o n i n a v e r y
c a n d i d m a n n e r i n d e e d . He w a s pr e a c h i n gfo r t h e Ch ur c h
o fEn gl a n d Wo r k i n gM e n 's So c i e t y o n t h a t o c c a s i o n ,a n d ,
s pe a k i n gfo r h i m s e l fa n d t h e So c i e t y ,h e d e c l a r e d : -
" We m us t n e v e r b e c o n t e n t t o s e t t l e d o w n t i l l t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d c a n s a y b o l d l y ,n o t b y t h e m o ut h o ft w o o r t h r e e i n d i v i d ua l s ,
b ut b y t h e m o ut h s o f t h e A r c h b i s h o ps a n d Bi s h o ps o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
t o t h e Si s t e r Ch ur c h e s : -'Se e ,
h e r e w e h a v e c a s t o ut fr o m o ur s e l v e s
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m , w e n o w e v e r y o n e o fus b e l i e v e a n d us e t h e Sa c r a m e n t s ,
a n d n o w w e s a y ,r e c e i v e us a ga i n i n t o i n t e r -c o m m un i o n , l e t us a l l b e
o n e a ga i n . ' . . .
A n d t h e s e c o n d gr e a t d a n ge r i s t h e i d e a o fb ui l d i n g
upa m o d i fi e d ,b ut s t i l l pr a c t i c a l l y a Na t i o n a l r e l i gi o n . Pe o pl e s a y
t h a t t h e Ch ur c h o fGr e e c e a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
t e a c h o n e t h i n g,
a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d s o m e t h i n ge l s e , b ut i ft h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d t e a c h e s a n y t h i n ga b o ut t h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t d i ffe r e n t fr o m
t h e o t h e r s s h e t e a c h e s a l i e . No , w e m us t un d e r s t a n d t h a t t h e t e a c h i n g
i s o n e . " 4 2
A n o t h e r Ri t ua l i s t i c So c i e t y ,w h i c h h a s m a d e Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e o n e o ft h e pl a n k s i n i t s pl a t fo r m ,i s t h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n . In i t s e a r l i e r y e a r s t h i s s ub j e c t
w a s k e pt s o m e w h a t i n t h e b a c k gr o un d ,a n d w h e n m e n t i o n e d
i n
pub l i c w a s ge n e r a l l y r e fe r r e d t o a s " t h e Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m ," a c o n v e n i e n t e x pr e s s i o n w h i c h
m a y m e a n m o r e o r l e s s a c c o r d i n gt o t h e i n t e n t i o n o ft h e
pe r s o n w h o us e s i t . Th e a t t i t ud e o ft h e Un i o n w a s t o a
l a r ge e x t e n t t h a t w h i c h i t a d o pt e d ,i n i t s e a r l i e r y e a r s
t o w a r d s Ri t ua l . It s r ul e s d i d n o t ful l y r e v e a l t h e i r pl a n s t o
t h e pub l i c . On e o ft h e m o s t pr o m i n e n t m e m b e r s o ft h e
Un i o n ,t h e Re v . T. W. Pe r r y ,a t a n o r d i n a r y m e e t i n go f
t h a t So c i e t y o n Fe b r ua r y 1 6 t h ,1 86 9 ,v e r y c a n d i d l y e x pl a i n e d
" St a t e m e n t o ft h e So c i e t y o f t h e Ho l y Cr o s s Co n c e r n i n gt h e Or d e r o fCo r po r a t e
Re un i o n ,p . i o .
Re v i s e d e d i t i o n .
4 2 Ch ur c h Ti m e s ,A ugus t 1 4 t h ,1 885,p . 6 2 3 .
TA CTICSOFTHEENGLISHCHURCHUNION.

3 2 9
t h e t a c t i c s o ft h e Un i o n i n t h e fo l l o w i n gt e r m s : -" It i s
qui t e c l e a r ," h e s a i d ,
"
i t w o ul d n e v e r d o fo r t h e Pr e s i d e n t
a n d Co un c i l ,a n y m o r e t h a n i t w o ul d d o fo r a ge n e r a l a n d
h i s o ffi c e r s ,t o e x pl a i n a l l t h e i r t a c t i c s . Th e y m us t b e a s
c a n d i d a s t h e y c a n ,b ut t h e y m us t o b s e r v e s uc h r e t i c e n c e
a s i s n e c e s s a r y . "
4 s
Th e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n h a d b e e n
m a n y y e a r s i n e x i s t e n c e b e fo r e i t b e c a m e o ffi c i a l l y pl e d ge d
t o Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e . Pr e v i o us t o t h a t pe r i o d
i t s w o r k c o n s i s t e d l a r ge l y i n e d uc a t i n gi t s fo l l o w e r s a s t o
t h e a l l e ge d d ut y a n d n e c e s s i t y o fs uc h a un i o n . Th e
s ub j e c t w a s fr e que n t l y d i s c us s e d a t m e e t i n gs o fi t s b r a n c h e s
t h r o ugh o ut t h e c o un t r y ,a n d t h e s e b r a n c h e s o c c a s i o n a l l y
pa s s e d r e s o l ut i o n s o n t h e que s t i o n ,w h i c h ,w h i l e t h e y w e r e
n o t b i n d i n go n t h e Ce n t r a l Co un c i l ,y e t s e r v e d t o s h o w t h e
d i r e c t i o n i n w h i c h t h e t i d e w a s fl o w i n gRo m e w a r d
. To
s o o t h t h e m i n d s o ft h e m o r e t i m i d o ft h e i r fo l l o w e r s t h e
Un i o n i s t s w e r e h e a r d ,fr o m t i m e t o t i m e ,t a l k i n ga ga i n s t
s o m e o ft h e pr a c t i c a l a b us e s o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,a n d
fi n d i n gfa ul t w i t h a fe w o ft h e d o c t r i n e s t a ugh t i n Co n t i n e n t a l
b o o k s o fd e v o t i o n . Wh a t Bi s h o pRo b e r t A b b o t s a i d o f
La ud a n d h i s fo l l o w e r s ,m i gh t w i t h e qua l j us t i c e b e s a i d
o ft h o s e w i l y Ri t ua l i s t s w h o ,w h i l e d e n o un c i n gRo m e ,a r e
l a b o ur i n gz e a l o us l y fo r Re un i o n w i t h h e r .
" Ift h e y d o a t a n y t i m e ," s a i d Dr . A b b o t ," s pe a k a ga i n s t t h e
Pa pi s t s ,t h e y d o b ut b e a t a l i t t l e a b o ut t h e b us h ,a n d t h a t b ut s o ft l y
t o o ,fo r fe a r o fw a k i n ga n d d i s qui e t i n gt h e b i r d s t h a t a r e i n i t ; t h e y
s pe a k n o t h i n gb ut t h a t w h e r e i n o n e Pa pi s t w i l l s pe a k a ga i n s t a n o t h e r ,
a s a ga i n s t e qui v o c a t i o n ,a n d t h e Po pe 's t e m po r a l a ut h o r i t y ,a n d t h e l i k e ;
a n d pe r h a ps s o m e o ft h e i r b l a s ph e m o us s pe e c h e s . But i n t h e po i n t s
o fFr e e Wi l l ,J us t i fi c a t i o n ,Co n c upi s c e n c e b e i n ga s i n a ft e r Ba pt i s m ,
In h e r e n t Ri gh t e o us n e s s ,a n d c e r t a i n t y o fSa l v a t i o n ;
t h e Pa pi s t s b e y o n d
t h e s e a s c a n s a y t h e y a r e w h o l l y t h e i r s ; a n d t h e Re c us a n t s [Ro m a n -
i s t s ]a t h o m e m a k e t h e i r b r a gs o ft h e m
. A n d i n a l l t h i n gs t h e y k e e p
t h e m s e l v e s s o n e a r t h e b r i n k ,t h a t upo n a n y o c c a s i o n t h e y m a y s t e p
o v e r t o t h e m . "
"
* ,En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n M o n t h l y Ci r c ul a r ,Vo l um e fo r 1 86 9 ,p . gg .
4 4 He y l i n 's Li fe o fLa ud ,p .
4 2 . Dub l i n ,i 7 i g.
3 3 0
SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
A t t h e A n n ua l M e e t i n go ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,
J un e 1 2 t h ,1 86 1 ,t h e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e Un i o n ,t h e Ho n . Co l i n
Li n d s a y ( w h o s ub s e que n t l y s e c e d e d t o Ro m e ) c o n gr a t ul a t e d
t h e m e m b e r s t h a t o n t h a t m o r n i n gt h e y h a d o ffe r e d upt o
t h e Th r o n e o fHe a v e n t h e i r " un i t e d pr a y e r s fo r t h e
Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m . " Th o ugh h e d o e s n o t a ppe a r t o
h a v e m e n t i o n e d i t b y n a m e ,t h e r e c a n b e n o d o ub t t h a t
h e i n c l ud e d Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e i n t h a t e x pr e s s i o n .
In 1 86 5Dr . Pus e y s t a r t l e d t h e e c c l e s i a s t i c a l w o r l d b y
t h e pub l i c a t i o n o ft h e fi r s t v o l um e o fh i s Ei r e n i c o n , t h e
o b j e c t o fw h i c h ,a s t h e t i t l e -pa ge s t a t e s ,w a s t o pr o v e t h a t
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,a s " a po r t i o n o fCh r i s t 's o n e
Ho l y Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ," m i gh t b e c o m e " a m e a n s o f
r e s t o r i n gv i s i b l e un i t y " t o t h e w h o l e o ft h e Ch ur c h
t h r o ugh o ut t h e w o r l d . A m o r e d e t a i l e d ,a n d a l s o a n
a c c ur a t e s um m a r y o fi t s o b j e c t w a s t h a t gi v e n b y t h e
Un i o n Re v i e w , w h i c h r e m a r k e d t h a t : " Th e o b j e c t o ft h e
b o o k i s t o pr o v e t h a t i n a l l e s s e n t i a l s fo r Un i t y ,t h e
Ch ur c h e s o fEn gl a n d a n d Ro m e a r e o n e ,a n d t h a t ,a s a
Ca t h o l i c i n t e r pr e t a t i o n c a n m o s t r e a d i l y a n d t r ul y b e gi v e n
b o t h t o t h e De c r e e s o fTr e n t a n d t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s ,
n o t h i n gn e e d h i n d e r t h e i r m ut ua l a c c e pt a n c e
. He h o l d s i t
t o b e a m i s t a k e t o s uppo s e t h a t a n y o ft h e A r t i c l e s w e r e
l e v e l l e d a ga i n s t t h e d o c t r i n e s o ft h e Ro m a n Co m m un i o n
a s s e t fo r t h b y t h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t ,o r t h a t t h e De c r e e s o f
Tr e n t w e r e l e v e l l e d a ga i n s t a n y t h i n guph e l d b y t h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h ,o r t h a t t h e y r e a l l y m a i n t a i n a n y t h i n gw h i c h t h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h h a s c o n d e m n e d 4 5 Dr . Pus e y c o n s i d e r s t h a t
t h o s e pa r t s o ft h e Ro m a n s y s t e m w h i c h a r e po pul a r l y s po k e n
o fa s Ro m a n i s m a r e b ut e x c r e s c e n c e s l i k e t h e m a n y h e r e s i e s
a m o n go ur s e l v e s . " " In o t h e r w o r d s ,h i s a t t i t ud e t o w a r d s
Ro m e w a s v e r y m uc h l i k e t h a t o fLa ud a n d h i s fo l l o w e r s ,a s
4 6
Th o s e w h o w i s h t o r e a d a n a b l e a n d c o n c l us i v e r e fut a t i o n o ft h e po s i t i o n
a d o pt e d b y Dr
. Pus e y ,s h o ul d r e a d De a n Go o d e 's Tr a c t XC
. Hi s t o r i c a l l y
Re fut e d .
Se c o n d e d i t i o n ,1 86 6 . Lo n d o n : Ha t c h a r d s .
1 6 Un i o n Re v i e w ,
Vo l um e fo r 1 86 6 ,p .
2 .
DR. PUSEY ON PA PA L SUPREM A CY.
3 3 1
d e s c r i b e d b y Bi s h o pRo b e r t A b b o t ,i n t h e s e r m o n quo t e d
a b o v e . Th e o n l y d i ffe r e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e t w o a r e t h a t Dr
.
Pus e y w e n t m uc h fur t h e r i n a Ro m e w a r d d i r e c t i o n t h a n
La ud e v e r d r e a m t o f,a n d t h a t h e w r o t e fa r m o r e ge n t l y o f
Pa pa l e r r o r t h a n La ud w o ul d e v e r h a v e s a n c t i o n e d
. Th e
Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c n e w s pa pe r ,t h e
We e k l y Re gi s t e r , r e v i e w e d
t h e Ei r e n i c o n a t c o n s i d e r a b l e l e n gt h ,a n d t h i s d r e w fr o m
Dr . Pus e y h i m s e l fa l e t t e r ,d a t e d No v e m b e r 2 2 n d ,1 86 5,
a d d r e s s e d t o t h e Ed i t o r o ft h a t pa pe r ,i n t h e c o ur s e o f
w h i c h h e m a d e t h e fo l l o w i n gr e m a r k a b l e s t a t e m e n t s : -
" Ih a v e l o n gb e e n c o n v i n c e d t h a t t h e r e i s n o t h i n gi n t h e Co un c i l
o fTr e n t w h i c h c o ul d n o t b e e x pl a i n e d s a t i s fa c t o r i l y t o us ,i fi t w e r e
e x pl a i n e d a ut h o r i t a t i v e l y , i . e . ,
b y t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h i t s e l f,n o t b y
i n d i v i d ua l ,t h e o l o gi a n s o n l y . Th i s i n v o l v e s t h e c o n v i c t i o n o n m y s i d e ,
t h a t t h e r e i s n o t h i n gi n o ur A r t i c l e s w h i c h c a n n o t b e e x pl a i n e d
r i gh t l y ,a s n o t c o n t r a d i c t i n ga n y t h i n gh e l d t o b e d e fi d e
i n t h e Ro m a n
Ch ur c h . . . .
A s i t i s o fm o m e n t ,t h a t Is h o ul d n o t b e m i s un d e r s t o o d
b y m y o w n pe o pl e ,l e t m e a d d ,t h a t Ih a v e n o t i n t e n d e d t o e x pr e s s
a n y o pi n i o n a b o ut a v i s i b l e h e a d o ft h e Ch ur c h . We r e a d i l y r e c o gn i z e
t h e Pr i m a c y o ft h e Bi s h o po fRo m e ;
t h e b e a r i n gs o ft h a t Pr i m a c y
upo n o t h e r l o c a l Ch ur c h e s ,w e b e l i e v e t o b e m a t t e r o fe c c l e s i a s t i c a l ,
n o t o f Di v i n e l a w ; b ut n e i t h e r i s t h e r e a n y t h i n gi n t h e Supr e m a c y
i n i t s e l ft o w h i c h w e s h o ul d o b j e c t . " .
No d o ub t Dr . Pus e y w o ul d w i s h t h e " Supr e m a c y " o ft h e
Po pe t o b e e x e r c i s e d o v e r t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -i n c a s e
o fRe un i o n -i n t h e ge n t l e s t po s s i b l e m a n n e r ,b ut t o b e
w i l l i n gt o a c c e pt i t i n a n y s h a pe o r fo r m ,w i t h t h e l e s s o n s o f
t h e pa s t fo r o ur gui d a n c e ,i s a n a c t w h i c h m us t b e a b h o r r e d
b y e v e r y l i b e r t y l o v i n gEn gl i s h m a n . Th i s c o un t r y k n o w s ,
fr o m b i t t e r e x pe r i e n c e ,w h a t Pa pa l s upr e m a c y m e a n s . Th e
l e s s o n s o ft h e M a r t y r fi r e s l i t i n M a r y 's r e i gn a r e n o t y e t
fo r go t t e n i n En gl a n d .
Dr . Pus e y 's b o o k s pe e d i l y a t t r a c t e d t h e a t t e n t i o n o ft h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n . A t i t s n e x t a n n ua l m e e t i n ga
r e s o l ut i o n w a s un a n i m o us l y c a r r i e d ,e x pr e s s i n gt h e r e j o i c i n g
o ft h e Un i o n a t i t s pub l i c a t i o n ,t o ge t h e r w i t h a n e a r n e s t
h o pe fo r t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m . Th e r e s o l ut i o n w a s
3 3 2
SECRET
HISTORY OF THE OXFORD
M OVEM ENT.
pr o po s e d b y t h e Re v . W. Gr e s l e y ,Vi c e -Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e
Un i o n ,i n t h e fo l l o w i n gt e r m s : -
" Th a t t h i s Un i o n r e j o i c e s i n t h e pub l i c a t i o n o fDr
. Pus e y 's l e t t e r
( t h e Ei r e n i c o n ) t o t h e a ut h o r o ft h e Ch r i s t i a n Ye a r , a n d e a r n e s t l y
h o pe s a n d pr a y s t h a t Go d ,i n Hi s o w n t i m e a n d i n Hi s o w n w a y ,w i l l
s o d i s po s e t h e h e a r t s a n d m i n d s o fHi s pe o pl e ,t h a t t h e s a d d i v i s i o n s
w h i c h n o w r e n d t h e s e a m l e s s r o b e o fCh r i s t m a y b e h e a l e d ; a n d
t h a t t h e w h o l e o fCh r i s t e n d o m m a y b e r e -un i t e d i n t o o n e h o l y
c o m m un i o n a n d fe l l o w s h i p,t o t h e gl o r y o fo ur Lo r d Go d ,a n d t h e
s a l v a t i o n o ft h e h um a n r a c e
. " 4 7
M r . Gr e s l e y ,i n m o v i n gt h i s r e s o l ut i o n ,i n fo r m e d t h e
m e m b e r s o ft h e Un i o n t h a t h e h a d b r o ugh t t h e s ub j e c t
fo r w a r d a t t h e r e que s t o ft h e Co un c i l . He s a i d t h a t t h e i r
s c h e m e fo r Re un i o n i n c l ud e d n o t o n l y t h e Ro m a n a n d
Gr e e k Ch ur c h e s ,b ut t h e Di s s e n t e r s a l s o . " It w o ul d n o t ,"
h e d e c l a r e d , " b e a t r ul y Ch r i s t i a n s c h e m e w h i c h d i d n o t
e m b r a c e t h e m a l s o " ; b ut h e d i d n o t s t o pt o e x pl a i n t h a t
t h e o n l y c o n d i t i o n o n w h i c h Di s s e n t e r s w i l l e v e r b e a d m i t t e d
i n t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d -b y Ri t ua l i s t s -i s t h a t o fa b s o -
l ut e s ur r e n d e r ,a n d t h a t i s a c o n d i t i o n w h i c h t h e y c a n n e v e r
b e e x pe c t e d t o a c c e pt . So t h a t Re un i o n w i t h Di s s e n t e r s ,
o n Ri t ua l i s t i c pr i n c i pl e s ,i s qui t e "
o ut o ft h e r a n ge o f
pr a c t i c a l po l i t i c s . " In d i v i d ua l Di s s e n t e r s m a y c o m e o v e r
t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d o n t h i s c o n d i t i o n ,b ut t o e x pe c t
t h a t a n y No n c o n fo r m i s t Ch ur c h w i l l d o s o ,a s a b o d y ,i s
s i m pl y t h e d r e a m o fs a c e r d o t a l fa n a t i c s
. Th e d i s c us s i o n o n
M r
. Gr e s l e y 's r e s o l ut i o n w a s e n l i v e n e d b y t h e a ppe a r a n c e o f
t h e Re v
. A r c h e r Gur n e y -a m e m b e r o ft h e Un i o n -w h o
s t o o d upt o pr o po s e a n a m e n d m e n t
. Hi s r e m a r k s w e r e
r e c e i v e d ,h o w e v e r ,w i t h h i s s e s a n d upr o a r ,a n d c o n s t a n t
i n t e r r upt i o n ,a n d h e c o ul d o n l y fi n d t h r e e pe r s o n s t o v o t e
fo r h i m .
Ye t h e t o l d t h e Un i o n s o m e pl a i n a n d w h o l e s o m e
t r ut h s ,w h i c h i t w o ul d h a v e d o n e w e l l t o l a y t o h e a r t
. He
d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e r e w e r e m e m b e r s o ft h e Un i o n ( t h o ugh ,a s
i t t ur n e d o ut ,t h e r e w e r e o n l y t h r e e i n t h e m e e t i n g)
" w h o a r e
4 7 En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n M o n t h l y Ci r c ul a r ,Vo l um e fo r
x S6 6 ,p . r gr .
" A GA LLICA NONTHEWRONGSIDEOFTHEWA TER. "
3 3 3
n o t pr e pa r e d t o a s s e n t t o Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e o n a n y b a s i s
w h a t s o e v e r ,c o n s t i t ut e d a s Ro m e n o w i s ,a n d m a i n t a i n i n g
t h e c l a i m s s h e n o w m a i n t a i n s . " Wh i l e M r
. Gur n e y w a s
s pe a k i n gDr
. Pus e y w a s pr e s e n t a t t h e m e e t i n g,
w h i c h
h a d j us t e l e c t e d h i m a Vi c e -Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h Un i o n . Wh e n ,t h e r e fo r e ,M r . Gur n e y a t t a c k e d
h i m b y n a m e ,h e a t o n c e r o us e d t h e a n ge r o ft h e
Ro m a n i z e r s
. Ye t ,n o t h i n gd a un t e d ,M r
. Gur n e y w e n t o n
w i t h h i s i n d i c t m e n t . " Ia m ," h e c o n t i n ue d ," h e a r t i l y
pe r s ua d e d t h a t t h e Ei r e n i c o n -r e c o gn i z i n g, a s Id o ,t h e
pur i t y o fm o t i v e o ft h e w r i t e r -i s , n e v e r t h e l e s s , m o s t
d a n ge r o us i n i t s e ffe c t s ,a n d ,i n a d d i t i o n , c a l c ul a t e d t o
d e pr i v e us o ft h e t r ut h a s i t i s i n Ch r i s t J e s us . . .
. Th e s e a r e
t h e pr i n c i pl e s w h i c h Ic o m e b e fo r e y o ut o uph o l d t h i s d a y
-t h e i n d e pe n d e n c e o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Epi s c o pa t e o fa n y Po pe ,
o fa n y s i n gl e Bi s h o pc l a i m i n gt o e x e r c i s e Un i v e r s a l Pr i m a c y
a n d Supr e m a c y .
A n d h e [Dr . Pus e y ]w h o m y o us o m uc h
d e l i gh t t o h o n o ur h a s e x pr e s s e d h i s c o n v i c t i o n t h a t t h e r e i s
n o t h i n go b j e c t i o n a b l e i n s uc h a Supr e m a c y . Ih o l d h i s o w n
w o r d s i n m y h a n d ,a n d h e h a s d i s t i n c t l y s a i d ,n o t o n l y t h a t
`
w e r e a d i l y r e c o gn i z e t h e s upr e m a c y 4 8
o ft h e Bi s h o po f
Ro m e ,'b ut t h a t ` t h e r e i s n o t h i n gi n t h a t Supr e m a c y i n
i t s e l ft o w h i c h w e s h o ul d o b j e c t . ' Is a y ,a s a Ca t h o l i c ,
h e i s n o t Ca t h o l i c w h o us e s s uc h l a n gua ge a s t h i s
; . . .
a n d m a r k t h i s ,o n e o ft h e c h i e fBi s h o ps o ft h e A m e r i c a n
Ch ur c h h a s t o l d us ,t h a t t h e m a n w h o m y o ud e l i gh t t o
h o n o ur i s a Ga l l i c a n o n t h e w r o n gs i d e o ft h e w a t e r . " A t
t h i s po i n t t h e r e w a s gr e a t c o n fus i o n i n t h e m e e t i n g, a n d
a n gr y s h o ut s fr o m t h e Ro m a n i z e r s w e r e h e a r d a l l o v e r t h e
r o o m
. Wh e n M r . Gur n e y s a t d o w n ,Dr . Pus e y r o s e t o
r e pl y t o h i m ,a n d w a s r e c e i v e d w i t h l o n g-c o n t i n ue d c h e e r i n g
.
A s t o t h e que s t i o n o fPa pa l Supr e m a c y ,h e s a i d t h a t h e
d i d " n o t k n o w w h e r e i t i s d e fi n e d i n w h a t Supr e m a c y
c o n s i s t s . " "
It m a t t e r s n o t ," h e c o n t i n ue d , " un d e r w h o m
48
Th e w o r d a c t ua l l y us e d b y Dr . Pus e y w a s 1 1 Pr i m a c y " n o t " Supr e m a c y . "
3 3 4
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w e l i v e , 4 9 s o
t h a t b y l i v i n gun d e r t h a t a ut h o r i t y i t d o e s n o t
t o uc h o ur c o n s c i e n c e . "
A t t h e n e x t a n n ua l m e e t i n go ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,
J un e 1 9 t h ,1 86 7 ,t h e Pr e s i d e n t a n n o un c e d t h e fo r m a t i o n o fa
n e w So c i e t y ( " Th e Ca t h o l i c Un i o n fo r Pr a y e r " ) w h i c h h a d
b e e n pr o m o t e d b y t h e Un i o n ,fo r t h e pur po s e o fpr a y i n gfo r
t h e w h o l e Ch ur c h ,a n d m o r e e s pe c i a l l y fo r t h e r e s t o r a t i o n o f
i t s un i t y .
"
Th e r e i s ," s a i d t h e Pr e s i d e n t , " o n e po w e r ful w e a po n w e c a n a l l
us e ; t h a t i s ,Pr a y e r . Th e Co un c i l ,fe e l i n gt h i s s o s t r o n gl y ,h a v e
pr o m o t e d t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t o fa n e w Un i o n ,c a l l e d t h e ` Ca t h o l i c
Un i o n fo r Pr a y e r . 'Th e o b j e c t o f t h i s Un i o n i s t o c o m b i n e a l l w h o
l o v e Go d a n d Hi s Ch ur c h i n a n Ho l y Co n fr a t e r n i t y t o pr a y fo r t h e
Ho l y Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,a n d fo r o ur po r t i o n o fi t i n pa r t i c ul a r . Ifw e
a l l un i t e i n s a y i n gt h e Lo r d 's Pr a y e r o n c e e v e r y d a y fo r t h i s gr e a t
o b j e c t ,w e m a y ,r e l y i n gupo n t h e Di v i n e pr o m i s e t o gr a n t a l l pe t i t i o n s
o ffe r e d i n Ch r i s t 's n a m e ,l o o k fo r w a r d w i t h c o n fi d e n c e t o t h e s pe e d y
d e l i v e r a n c e o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d , a n d h e r Re un i o n w i t h Ea s t a n d
[Ve s t . Le t us l a b o ur h a r d fo r t h i s gl o r i o us e n d . " 6 0
A pr o s pe c t us o ft h i s
" Ca t h o l i c Un i o n fo r Pr a y e r ," w h i c h
Ipo s s e s s ,s t a t e s t h a t i t s Wa r d e n w a s Dr . Pus e y ,t h e Ho n .
Co l i n Li n d s a y i t s s e c r e t a r y ,a n d t h a t fo ur t e e n w e l l -k n o w n
m e m b e r s o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y -s e v e n c l e r i c a l a n d s e v e n
l a y -c o n s t i t ut e d i t s Co un c i l
. "
A l l Ch ur c h m e n ," i t s t a t e s ,
"
b e i n gc o m m un i c a n t s o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,a r e e a r n e s t l y
i n v i t e d t o j o i n t h i s b o n d o fpr a y e r , t h i s Ho l y Co n fe d e r a t i o n ,
fo r t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m " ; a n d ,n o d o ub t w i t h a v i e w
t o pr o m o t e s e c r e c y ,i t i s a d d e d t h a t " t h e n a m e s o ft h e
A s s o c i a t e s s h a l l n o t b e pub l i s h e d . " Th e " Ca t h o l i c Un i o n
fo r Pr a y e r " i s m e n t i o n e d i n e v e r y v o l um e o ft h e m o n t h l y
m a ga z i n e o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n fo r s e v e r a l y e a r s
a ft e r i t s fo r m a t i o n ,a ft e r w h i c h Ic a n fi n d n o r e c o r d o fi t s
4 9 M o s t Ch ur c h m e n b e l i e v e t h a t i t d o e s
m a t t e r v e r y m uc h
" un d e r w h o m
t h e y l i v e "
; b ut i t i s e v i d e n t t h a t w i t h Dr . Pus e y t o l i v e un d e r Pa pa l
Supr e m a c y , - w o ul d n o t t o uc h o ur [h i s ?] c o n s c i e n c e . " Wi t h l o y a l Ch ur c h m e n
i t w o ul d b e o t h e r w i s e
.
50
Th e Li b e r t i e s o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
a n A d d r e s s b y t h e Ho n . Co l i n Li n d s a y ,p. 2 2 ,
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n Offi c e
.
THE E. C . U. A NDREUNION.
3 3 5
e x i s t e n c e . Pr o b a b l y w e s h a l l k n o w m o r e a b o ut i t w h e n t h e
l a s t v o l um e o ft h e Li fe o fDr . Pus e y i s pub l i s h e d .
Th e s ub j e c t o ft h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m w a s k e pt
pr o m i n e n t l y b e fo r e t h e pub l i c b y t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,
a ft e r t h e pub l i c a t i o n o fDr . Pus e y 's Ei r e n i c o n . It w a s
d i s c us s e d a t t h e m e e t i n gs o fm a n y o fi t s b r a n c h e s ,a n d
o c c a s i o n a l l y r e s o l ut i o n s o n t h e s ub j e c t w e r e pa s s e d . Wh e n t h e
La m b e t h Co n fe r e n c e m e t ,i n 1 87 8,a t t h e a n n ua l m e e t i n go f
t h e Un i o n t h a t y e a r ,a r e s o l ut i o n w a s c a r r i e d un a n i m o us l y ,
a ffi r m i n gt h a t t h e Un i o n v i e w e d t h e Co n fe r e n c e w i t h t h e
d e e pe s t i n t e r e s t ," i n t h e h o pe t h a t t h e i r un i t e d c o un s e l s m a y
t e n d t o t h e pe a c e a n d w e l l -b e i n go ft h e Ch ur c h ,t h e r e un i o n
o ft h o s e s e pa r a t e d fr o m h e r fo l d a t h o m e ,a n d t h e r e s t o r a t i o n
o fv i s i b l e c o m m un i o n b e t w e e n t h e v a r i o us A po s t o l i c Ch ur c h e s
o fEa s t e r n a n d We s t e r n Ch r i s t e n d o m . " 6 1 In t h e a n n ua l
r e po r t o ft h e Pr e s i d e n t a n d Co un c i l a d o pt e d a t t h e s a m e
m e e t i n g,a pa r a gr a ph a ppe a r e d w h i c h w a s a l m o s t w o r d fo r
w o r d t h e s a m e a s t h e r e s o l ut i o n Ih a v e j us t quo t e d . "
No o n e c a n d o ub t ,w h o h a s s t ud i e d t h e o pe r a t i o n s o ft h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,t h a t t h e pr i m e m o v e r i n a l l i t s
Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w o r k h a s b e e n i t s Pr e s i d e n t ,Lo r d
Ha l i fa x .
He w a s e l e c t e d t o t h a t o ffi c e ,A pr i l 2 1 s t ,1 86 8,o n
t h e r e s i gn a t i o n o ft h e fi r s t Pr e s i d e n t ,t h e Ho n . Co l i n
Li n d s a y . Th a t ge n t l e m a n ,i n h i s l e t t e r o fr e s i gn a t i o n ,
a s s i gn e d r e a s o n s fo r c e a s i n gt o b e Pr e s i d e n t w h i c h w e r e o n l y
o s t e n s i b l e . He pl e a d e d h i s s t a t e o fh e a l t h . 53 No d o ub t h e
w a s i n i l l -h e a l t h a t t h e t i m e ,b ut t h a t w h i c h b r o ugh t o n t h e
c r i s i s w a s h i s d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o s e c e d e t o t h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e ,a n e v e n t w h i c h t o o k pl a c e n o t l o n ga ft e r h i s r e s i gn a -
t i o n
.
A t t h a t t i m e t h e n e w Pr e s i d e n t h a d n o t b e e n c a l l e d
t o t h e Ho us e o fLo r d s ,a n d w a s k n o w n a s t h e Ho n .
Ch a r l e s L. Wo o d . Si n c e h e b e c a m e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h Un i o n h i s w h o l e h e a r t a n d s o ul h a v e b e e n t h r o w n
i n t o t h e w o r k o fh e a l i n gt h e b r e a c h t h a t t o o k pl a c e b e t w e e n
s i Ch ur c h Un i o n Ga z e t t e ,Vo l um e fo r 1 87 8,p . 1 7 9 .

52 Ib i d . ,p
. 1 54 .
6 3
Hi s t o r y o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,p . gg .
3 3 6
SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
En gl a n d a n d Ro m e i n t h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t ur y ,a n d h e h a s
d o n e a l l t h a t i n h i m l a y t o a s s i s t t h a t " l e v e l l i n gup " pr o c e s s
w i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d w h i c h s e e m s t o h a v e b e e n
t h o ugh t n e c e s s a r y ,a s a pr e pa r a t i o n fo r t h e e x pe c t e d r e c o n -
c i l i a t i o n
. It s e e m s t o h a v e b e e n ge n e r a l l y a c c e pt e d a s a
pr i n c i pl e b y t h e a d v a n c e d s e c t i o n o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t s t h a t t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d i s n o t i n a s uffi c i e n t l y Ca t h o l i c c o n d i t i o n
-a t l e a s t i n pr a c t i c e -t o m a k e h e r r e s pe c t a b l e e n o ugh t o
k e e pc o m pa n y w i t h t h e t r ul y h o l y a n d Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e ! He n c e t h e n e c e s s i t y fo r " l e v e l l i n gup . " Th i s i d e a
o ft h e r e l a t i v e po s i t i o n a n d pur i t y o ft h e Ch ur c h e s o fEn gl a n d
a n d Ro m e fo un d e x pr e s s i o n i n a l e t t e r w r i t t e n b y " a Co l o n i a l
Pr i e s t ," w h i c h a ppe a r e d i n t h e Ch ur c h Re v i e w o fSe pt e m b e r
l i s t ,1 888. A b r i e fe x t r a c t fr o m t h i s l e t t e r Ih a v e a l r e a d y gi v e n ,
b ut i t m a y b e w e l l t o gi v e i t s s t a t e m e n t s a t gr e a t e r l e n gt h .
" It s e e m s t o m e ," w r o t e t h i s Ri t ua l i s t i c pr i e s t , " ut t e r l y pr e m a t ur e
t o c o n s i d e r Re un i o n ,e s pe c i a l l y w i t h t h e gr e a t Pa t r i a r c h a l Se e o ft h e
We s t [i . e . , w i t h Ro m e ],a s w i t h i n e v e n d i s t a n t pr o b a b i l i t y ,un t i l t h e
A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n ,a s a w h o l e ,i s Ca t h o l i c i s e d .
Th e r e l i e s o ur
w o r k
; fo r e v e r y pr i e s t a n d e v e r y fa i t h ful l a y pe r s o n t o l i v e ,e a c h i n h i s
o r h e r l i t t l e s ph e r e ,t h e Ca t h o l i c l i fe . Wh e n a s y e t t h e Ho l y Sa c r i fi c e
o ft h e M a s s i s o ffe r e d d a i l y i n o n l y t w o h un d r e d c h ur c h e s ; w h i l e t h e
Ho l y Sa c r a m e n t o fUn c t i o n i s i gn o r e d b y e v e r y m e m b e r ( s o fa r a s I
k n o w
: Is h a l l b e d e l i gh t e d t o fi n d t h a t Ia m w r o n g) o ft h e A n gl i c a n
Epi s c o pa t e
; w h i l e m ul t i t ud e s o fl a i t y n e v e r d r e a m o fpur gi n gt h e i r
s o ul s o fd e a d l y s i n b y Sa c r a m e n t a l Co n fe s s i o n ,a n d m ul t i t ud e s o fpr i e s t s
n e v e r t e a c h t h e m t h a t s uc h i s t h e i r b o un d e n d ut y ; w h i l e fa s t i n g
r e c e pt i o n o ft h e Bo d y a n d Bl o o d o fo ur Lo r d i s s t i l l t h e e x c e pt i o n
;
w h i l e a l m o s t e v e r y k i n d o fh e r e s y c a n b e t a ugh t un c h e c k e d fr o m o ur
pul pi t s ; w h i l e Bi s h o ps c a n s t i l l d e n y t h e v e r y e x i s t e n c e o fs a c r i fi c e
o r pr i e s t h o o d i n t h e Ch r i s t i a n Ch ur c h ; w h i l e i t i s s t i l l po s s i b l e fo r a
Bi s h o pt o b e t h r e a t e n e d w i t h l e ga l pe n a l t i e s fo r c e l e b r a t i n gt h e Di v i n e
M y s t e r i e s w i t h b a r e d e c e n c y ,a n d fo r t h e h e a d o ft h e A n gl i c a n
Co m m un i o n ,t h e s uc c e s s o r o fSt . A ugus t i n e a n d St . Th o m a s o f
Ca n t e r b ur y ,t o d e c l i n e t a k i n gpr o c e e d i n gs o n m e r e l y l e ga l gr o un d s
;
w h i l e t h e s e s c a n d a l s ,a n d a t h o us a n d l i k e t h e m ,s t i l l d a i l y t a k e pl a c e ,i s
i t n o t pr e m a t ur e t o t h i n k o fa s k i n gt h e A po s t o l i c Se e
[Ro m e ] t o
r e c o n s i d e r i t s po s i t i o n t o w a r d s us ,
fo r w h i c h i t h a s h a d o n l y t o o m uc h
j us t i fi c a t i o n ? A n d y e t En gl i s h Ca t h o l i c s , k n o w i n gt h e fe a r ful
uCLEA NSEOUROWNHOUSEOFHERESY. "

3 3 7
c o r r upt i o n y e t d i s gr a c i n gt h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h ,b
4 c a n fi n d i t i n t h e i r
h e a r t s t o a c c us e t h e La t i n c o m m un i o n o fM a r i o l a t r y ,a n d s uc h l i k e
.
We ,t o a c c us e Co n t i n e n t a l Ca t h o l i c s o fe x c e s s o fd e v o t i o n t o b l e s s e d
M a r y ,w h e n w i t h us t h e m o s t h o l y M o t h e r o fGo d h a s ,a t t h e b e s t ,
b ut a m e r e gr ud gi n gh o n o ur pa i d t o h e r ,a s i fe v e r y o ffe r i n go fl o v e a t
t h e fe e t o fM a r y c o ul d b e a n y t h i n gb ut a m o s t r e a l w o r s h i po fh e r
In c a r n a t e So n I Le t us c l e a n s e o ur o w n h o us e o fh e r e s y . Le t us ge t
r i d o ft h a t Ph a r i s a i c s e l f-r i gh t e o us n e s s w h i c h i m a gi n e s a l l pe r fe c t i o n
t o b e c o n t a i n e d w i t h i n t h e fo ur c o r n e r s o ft h e Pr a y e r Bo o k ,a n d
d e s pi s e s e v e r y t h i n g'un -En gl i s h . '
" Be fo r e a n y c o m m un i c a t i o n w i t h e i t h e r Ea s t o r We s t c a n b e e v e n
t h o ugh t o f,t h e fo l l o w i n g r e fo r m s [?] m us t b e a c c o m pl i s h e d
" i . A d a i l y c e l e b r a t i o n o fM a s s b y e v e r y pr i e s t t o b e c o m e t h e
r ul e ,a c c o r d i n gt o t h e l o n g-s t a n d i n gWe s t e r n c us t o m
.
" z . Th e r e s t o r a t i o n t o o ur A l t a r s ge n e r a l l y o ft h e s w e e t pe r pe t ua l
pr e s e n c e o fJ e s ui n t h e m o s t Ho l y Sa c r a m e n t
.
" 3 . Th e ful l r e c o gn i t i o n a n d us e o fEx t r e m e Un c t i o n
.
" 4 .
Sa c r a m e n t a l Co n fe s s i o n o fm o r t a l s i n s t o b e r e c o gn i z e d a s
t h e Ch ur c h 's r ul e .
" 5
.
Re s t o r a t i o n t o o ur fo r m ul a r i e s o fd e fi n i t e a n d d i s t i n c t Pr a y e r s
fo r t h e Fa i t h ful De pa r t e d ,i n d o fIn v o c a t i o n s o fo ur La d y a n d t h e
Sa i n t s .
" 6 . Un i v e r s a l b e l i e ft h r o ugh o ut o ur c o m m un i o n i n ( a ) t h e Re a l
a n d Sub s t a n t i a l Pr e s e n c e o fo ur Lo r d ,un d e r t h e fo r m o fb r e a d a n d
w i n e ,i n t h e Sa c r a m e n t o ft h e A l t a r ; ( b ) t h a t i n t h e M a s s a t r ue ,
r e a l ,a n d pr o pi t i a t o r y Sa c r i fi c e ,a s w e l l fo r t h e l i v i n ga s t h e d e pa r t e d ,i s
o ffe r e d t o Go d t h e Fa t h e r ,e v e n t h e Im m a c ul a t e La m b
; ( c ) t h a t t h e r e
a r e s e v e n Sa c r a m e n t s o ft h e Ne w La w ,t h o ugh t h e t w o ` Sa c r a m e n t s
o ft h e Go s pe l 'a r e o fpr e -e m i n e n t d i gn i t y a n d n e c e s s i t y . . . .
"
Ifi r m l y b e l i e v e t h a t t h e d a y w i l l c o m e w h e n s uc h a
Re fo r m a t i o n [?]
w i l l h a v e pe n e t r a t e d t h r o ugh o ut t h e l e n gt h a n d b r e a d t h o ft h e En gl i s h
Co m m un i o n ,fr o m t h e Pr i m a t e o fA l l En gl a n d t o t h e pe a s a n t a t t h e
pl o ugh . Go d h a s w r o ugh t s uc h gr e a t t h i n gs fo r us d ur i n gt h e l a s t
fi ft y y e a r s ,t h a t i t w o ul d b e fa i t h l e s s t o d o ub t t h a t ,i n Hi s o w n t i m e ,
e v e r y v e s t i ge o fPr o t e s t a n t h e r e s y w i l l b e pur ge d o ut fr o m
us . But
t h e t i m e i s n o t y e t . Th e r e fo r e l e t e v e r y o n e ,w h i l e pr a y i n gd a i l y fo r
Re un i o n ,r e m e m b e r t h a t t h e s ur e s t w a y t o a c c o m pl i s h i t i s b y w o r k i n g
t o w a r d s t h e PURIFICA TION o fo ur o w n b r a n c h o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h . "
Id o n o t i n a n y w a y h o l d t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n
s + No t a w o r d d o e s t h i s Ri t ua l i s t i c w r i t e r s a y a b o ut t h e
" fe a r ful c o r r up-
t i o n " w h i c h a c t ua l l y d o e s e x i s t i n t h e Ro m a n Co m m un i o n .
2 2
3 3 8
SECRET
HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
r e s po n s i b l e fo r t h i s l e t t e r o f " A Co l o n i a l Pr i e s t " ; b ut Id o
a s s e r t t h a t t h e pr i n c i pl e s w h i c h h e l a y s d o w n a r e t h o s e
w h i c h h a v e gui d e d t h e Un i o n . Ia m n o t a w a r e t h a t i t h a s ,
l i k e t h i s c o r r e s po n d e n t o ft h e Ch ur c h Re v i e w , a d v o c a t e d t h e
In v o c a t i o n o fSa i n t s ,b ut i t h a s c e r t a i n l y ,b y m e a n s o ft h e
l i t e r a t ur e o n s a l e a t i t s c e n t r a l o ffi c e ,a d v o c a t e d t h e M a s s
fo r t h e l i v i n ga n d t h e d e a d . It n o w h o l d s a " Re qui e m
Se r v i c e " fo r i t s d e c e a s e d m e m b e r s e v e r y y e a r . It h a s ,
a s w e h a v e s e e n ,a d v o c a t e d t h e Co n fe s s i o n a l ,a n d m a n y o f
i t s b r a n c h e s e v e n d e fe n d e d t h e So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,
w h e n a t t a c k e d fo r i t s i n d e c e n t c o n fe s s i o n a l b o o k ,t h e Pr i e s t
i n A b s o l ut i o n . Th i s po l i c y o f" l e v e l l i n gup," w h i c h h a s
m a d e t h e En gl i s h . Ch ur c h Un i o n
s uc h a t h o r o ugh l y
" Pr e pa r a t o r y Sc h o o l fo r Ro m e ," w a s b o l d l y a d v o c a t e d b y
t h e Re v . V. S. S. Co l e s ,n o w t h e h e a d o ft h e Pus e y Ho us e ,
Ox fo r d ,i n a s e r m o n w h i c h h e pr e a c h e d o n " Th e Pl a c e o f
E. C
. U
. Ob j e c t s i n a Ch ur c h m a n 's Li fe . " Th e s e r m o n
w a s pr i n t e d v e r b a t i m i n t h e Ch ur c h Un i o n Ga z e t t e ,
fo r
Se pt e m b e r ,z 8gi .
" ` Ve m us t ," s a i d M r
. Co l e s ,s pe a k i n gfo r h i m s e l fa n d h i s b r e t h r e n
o ft h e E. C. U. , " pr a y t h a t w e m a y a l l r e c o gn i z e t h e t r ue un i t y o ft h e
gr e a t po r t i o n s o ft h e Ch ur c h ,
Ro m a n , Gr e e k ,A n gl i c a n ,n o w ,t h r o ugh
o ur s i n s a n d t h o s e o fo ur fa t h e r s ,o ut w a r d l y d i v i d e d ,a n d t h a t t h e s e
o ut w a r d d i v i s i o n s m a y pa s s a w a y i n a d a y o f b l e s s e d Re un i o n .
M e a n w h i l e , t h a t t h e . . . un s pe a k a b l e m y s t e r y o ft h e A l t a r m a y b e
r e c o gn i z e d a s a Di v i n e Co m m un i o n , a t r ue Sa c r i fi c e ,a Re a l Pr e s e n c e
d e m a n d i n ga s pe c i a l a d o r a t i o n
;
t h a t Ho l y Co m m un i o n m a y b e
r i gh t l y pr e pa r e d fo r ,a n d t o t h i s e n d t h a t t h e r e m a y b e w i d e r o ppo r -
t un i t i e s ,a n d m o r e fr e que n t us e o fPr i v a t e Co n fe s s i o n ; t h a t t h e
a n c i e n t Ca t h o l i c r ul e
o fFa s t i n gCo m m un i o n
m a y b e b e t t e r o b s e r v e d ;
. . . t h a t t h e A n o i n t i n go ft h e Si c k m a y b e r i gh t l y a n d d ut i ful l y
r e s t o r e d ; t h a t a l l r i t e s a n d c e r e m o n i e s w h i c h w i t n e s s t o o ur un i o n
w i t h t h e r e s t o ft h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h ,a n d t o t h e d o c t r i n e s w h i c h w e
h o l d i n c o m m o n , m a y b e pr o t e c t e d a n d r e s t o r e d . . . Th e s e a r e t h e
o l j e c t s w i t h w h i c h o ur So c i e t y i s c h i e fl y c o n c e r n e d
. "
It m us t b e a d m i t t e d t h a t t h i s i s go i n ga l o n gw a y t o w a r d s
c a r r y i n go ut t h e Pl a n o fCa m pa i gn l a i d d o w n b y
" A
Co l o n i a l Pr i e s t
" t h r e e y e a r s b e fo r e ,w h i l e i t i s e n t i r e l y
RITUA LISTICREVISIONOFTHEPRA YERBOOK.

3 3 9
fo un d e d o n t h e pr i n c i pl e s w h i c h gui d e d h i s v e r y
d i s c r e d i t a b l e l e t t e r . Th e En gl i s h 'Ch ur c h Un i o n i s c l e a r l y
r e s po n s i b l e fo r w h a t M r
. Co l e s s a i d ,s i n c e t h e y pub l i s h e d
h i s s e r m o n ,w i t h o ut fi n d i n ga n y fa ul t w i t h i t , i n t h e i r
o ffi c i a l o r ga n . A n d w h a t m a d e M r . Co l e s 's t a t e m e n t o f
E. C
. U
. po l i c y s o gr a v e l y i m po r t a n t w a s ,t h a t i t r e pr e -
s e n t e d t h e po l i c y o fa So c i e t y w h i c h a t t h a t t i m e n um b e r e d
n e a r l y fo ur t h o us a n d c l e r gy m e n ,a n d t w e n t y -fo ur b i s h o ps ,i n
i t s r a n k s .
A l l t h r o ugh t h i s m o d e r n a gi t a t i o n fo r Co r po r a t e Re un i o n
t h e r e h a s b ut l i t t l e b e e n s a i d a ga i n s t t h e c o r r upt i o n s o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e . So m e o ft h e pr a c t i c a l a b us e s fo un d i n h e r
fo l d h a v e b e e n c e n s ur e d ,b ut i t h a s b e e n i n t h e ge n t l e s t
po s s i b l e m a n n e r ,a n d w i t h m a n y a po l o gi e s t o Ro m e fo r t a k i n g
s uc h a l i b e r t y ; a n d i t h a s b e e n c a r e ful l y e x pl a i n e d t h a t fa ul t
h a s n o t b e e n fo un d s o m uc h w i t h t h e a ut h o r i z e d r e l i gi o n o f
Ro m e ,a s w i t h t h a t " un a ut h o r i z e d " t e a c h i n ggi v e n b y s o m e
o fh e r c h i l d r e n ,e s pe c i a l l y o n s uc h a s ub j e c t a s t h e
e x t r a v a ga n t d e v o t i o n t o t h e Vi r gi n M a r y . To quo t e
a ga i n t h e w o r d s o fBi s h o pA b b o t , " Ift h e y d o a t a n y t i m e
s pe a k a ga i n s t t h e Pa pi s t s ,t h e y d o b ut b e a t a l i t t l e a b o ut
t h e b us h ,a n d t h a t b ut s o ft l y t o o ,fo r fe a r o fw a k i n ga n d
d i s t ur b i n gt h e b i r d s t h a t a r e i n i t . " Th e " l e v e l l i n gup "
pr o c e s s ,t h e w o r k o fpr e pa r i n gt h e w a y fo r Re un i o n w i t h
Ro m e h a s n o t y e t ,i n t h e e s t i m a t i o n o fLo r d Ha l i fa x ,a n d
s o m e o fh i s b r e t h r e n o n t h e Co un c i l o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
Un i o n ,b e e n ful l y a c c o m pl i s h e d ,e v e n i n t h e m o s t a d v a n c e d
o fRi t ua l i s t i c Ch ur c h e s . Th e Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y n o l o n ge r
d e c l a r e t h a t t h e y a r e s a t i s fi e d w i t h t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n
Pr a y e r .
Th e y w i s h t o a d d l a r ge l y t o i t fr o m Ro m a n s o ur c e s
.
Fo r m a n y y e a r s t h e y r e s i s t e d Re v i s i o n o ft h e Bo o k o f
Co m m o n Pr a y e r ,o n Pr o t e s t a n t l i n e s : n o w ,i n fl ue n t i a l
m e m b e r s o ft h e pa r t y a r e n o w a d v o c a t i n gi t o n Ro m a n i z i n g
l i n e s . A r e m a r k a b l e v o l um e o fEs s a y s w a s pub l i s h e d i n
1 89 2 ,e n t i t l e d t h e Lo r d 's Da y a n d t h e Ho l y Euc h a r i s t . Of
t h e e i gh t ge n t l e m e n w h o c o n t r i b ut e d t o i t ,s e v e n w e r e
2 2
3 4 0
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
m e m b e r s o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,a n d o ft h e s e fo ur
w e r e m e m b e r s o fi t s Co un c i l ,i n c l ud i n gLo r d Ha l i fa x ,
Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e Un i o n . Il o o k upo n t h i s v o l um e a s ,
i n d i r e c t l y , a m a n i fe s t o o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,o r a t
l e a s t a s a n i n d i c a t o r o fw h a t i t s po l i c y i s l i k e l y t o b e ,t h o ugh
o ffi c i a l l y t h e Un i o n h a s n o t gi v e n i t i t s a ppr o v a l . But w e
c a n b e s t j ud ge o fw h a t t h e fut ur e po l i c y o fa So c i e t y w i l l b e
b y a s c e r t a i n i n gt h e v i e w s o ft h o s e w h o r ul e i t . Th e fi r s t
e s s a y i n t h i s v o l um e w a s fr o m t h e pe n o fLo r d Ha l i fa x
h i m s e l f . Hi s l o r d s h i pa ffi r m s t h a t s o m e o ft h e " c h a n ge s
i n t h e Li t ur gy " m a d e b y t h e Re fo r m e r s i n t h e s i x t e e n t h
c e n t ur y w e r e " m i s t a k e n ," a n d t h a t w e s h o ul d n o t d e c l i n e
t o d o o ur " v e r y b e s t t o ge t t h e m r e m e d i e d
. "
e s
In o t h e r
w o r d s ,w e s h o ul d pul l d o w n a pa r t o ft h e w o r k o ft h e Re fo r -
m a t i o n . He go e s o n t o a ffi r m t h a t t h e r e a r e " s h o r t c o m i n gs "
i n t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
; a n d t h a t t h e " a r r a n ge m e n t s o fo ur
pr e s e n t Li t ur gy ,w i t h t h e d i s l o c a t i o n o ft h e Ca n o n w h i c h
t h o s e a r r a n ge m e n t s i n v o l v e , i s a m o s t s e r i o us b l o t o n t h e
Euc h a r i s t i c Se r v i c e o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h ," w h i c h " ur ge n t l y
c a l l s fo r r e fo r m . " "
In o t h e r w o r d s ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x i s
t h o r o ugh l y d i s s a t i s fi e d w i t h t h e Pr a y e r Bo o k ,a n d i s
d e t e r m i n e d t o go i n fo r i t s Re v i s i o n ,b ut ,t o s a v e a ppe a r a n c e s ,
h e w i l l n o t us e t h a t w o r d ,b ut e x pr e s s e s w h a t h e w a n t s b y
t h e t e r m " r e fo r m . " Th e r e s ul t o fs e e i n gs e r v i c e s c o n d uc t e d
o n s t r i c t l y Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d l i n e s ,e v e n un d e r Hi gh
Ch ur c h a us pi c e s ,s e e m s t o fi l l h i m w i t h d i s gus t . He s i gh s
fo r w h a t h e h a s s e e n o n t h e Co n t i n e n t .
"
In t h i s c o n n e c t i o n ," w r i t e s t h e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
Un i o n ,p
. 3 8," l e t m e s a y i t ,t h o ugh Is a y i t w i t h s h a m e ,t h a t o fa l l t h e
s a d a n d d i s c o ur a gi n gs i gh t s w h i c h i t i s po s s i b l e t o s e e ,n o n e a ppe a r s
t o m e s o s a d a n d s o d i s c o ur a gi n ga s t h e s i gh t o fa n En gl i s h Ca t h e d r a l ,
e v e n t h e b e s t ,a ft e r b e i n ga n y t i m e o n t h e Co n t i n e n t . Co n t r a s t
We s t m i n s t e r A b b e y w i t h t h e Ca t h e d r a l a t Co l o gn e ,o r a n y Fr e n c h
Ca t h e d r a l ,a n d y o uw i l l a l m o s t w i s h n e v e r t o e gt e r i t a ga i n t i l l a
r a d i c a l c h a n ge h a s b e e n e ffe c t e d i n a l l i t s a r r a n ge m e n t s . "
Lo r d Ha l i fa x e v i d e n t l y w i s h e s En gl i s h Ca t h e d r a l s t o b e
1 1 Th e Lo r d 's Da y a n d t h e Ho l y Euc h a r i s t ,p
. 2 7 .

56
Ib i d . ,p
. z 8 .
PROPOSA L TO OM IT THE
COM M A NDM ENTS.

3 4 1
m o d e l l e d a ft e r t h e Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c Ca t h e d r a l s o f t h e
Co n t i n e n t . Th e r e a r e , i t i s
w e l l k n o w n , s e v e r a l En gl i s h
Ca t h e d r a l s w h e r e t h e s e r v i c e s a r e c o n d uc t e d o n Hi gh
Ch ur c h l i n e s ,b ut e v e n o ft h e s e ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x i s a s h a m e d
t h e s i gh t o ft h e m m a k e s h i s h e a r t s a d ,a n d d i s c o ur a ge s t h e
Ro m a n i z i n gh o pe s t h a t fi l l h i s b r e a s t .
We m a y w e l l a s k ,
h a d t h e Re fo r m e r s o ft h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t ur y b e e n m e n o ft h e
v i e w s o fLo r d Ha l i fa x ,w o ul d En gl a n d e v e r h a v e e s c a pe d
fr o m t h e d e gr a d i n gs l a v e r y a n d c r ue l i n t o l e r a n c e o fPa pa l
b o n d a ge ?
We c a n n o t d o ub t t h a t i ft h o s e w h o gui d e t h e
po l i c y o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n c o ul d h a v e t h e i r o w n
w a y ,t h e i r o n h e e l o ft h e Pa pa c y w o ul d o n c e m o r e c r us h
t h e i n d e pe n d e n c e a n d l i b e r t y o ft h e Re fo r m e d Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d . In h i s e s s a y Lo r d Ha l i fa x a s k s ,
" Wh y s h o ul d
n o t t h e r e c i t a t i o n o ft h e Co m m a n d m e n t s b e o m i t t e d a t t h e
c h o r a l c e l e b r a t i o n o fHo l y Co m m un i o n o n Sun d a y s ,j us t
a s i s n o w o ft e n d o n e a t e a r l y c e l e b r a t i o n s
o fHo l y
Co m m un i o n " ? 6 7 We m a y w e l l a n s w e r t h i s que s t i o n b y
a s k i n gh i m a n o t h e r -Wh a t d o y o uw a n t t h e m l e ft o ut fo r ?
A r e t h e Co m m a n d m e n t s o fGo d " gr i e v o us " ( i J o h n v . 3 )
un t o y o u? Or i s t h e r e a s o n o fy o ur -w i s h t o o m i t t h e m
t o b e fo un d i n t h e m a n i fe s t fa c t t h a t t h e Se c o n d o ft h e m
fo r b i d s t h e us e o fpi c t ur e s a n d i m a ge s i n Di v i n e w o r s h i p
?
It i s ,n o d o ub t ,m o s t i n c o n v e n i e n t fo r a Ri t ua l i s t i c pr i e s t
t o r e a d a l o ud t h a t Se c o n d Co m m a n d m e n t b e fo r e t h e
c o n gr e ga t i o n ,w h e n t h e y c a n s e e t h e s k i r t s o fh i s d r e s s
t o uc h i n go n e o ft h e fo r b i d d e n t h i n gs ? Ev e r y l o v e r o ft h e
Wo r d o fGo d w i l l -Lo r d Ha l i fa x n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g-pl e a d
t h a t t h e Co m m a n d m e n t s o fGo d m a y r e m a i n ,w h a t e v e r e l s e
i t m a y b e n e c e s s a r y t o r e m o v e fr o m t h e Co m m un i o n Se r v i c e .
Th e fa c t t h a t t h e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n
pl e a d s s o e a r n e s t l y fo r a d d i t i o n s t o t h e Co m m un i o n Se r v i c e
i s a c l e a r pr o o ft h a t h e ,a n d h i s fo l l o w e r s ,a r e l o n gi n gfo r
m a n y t h i n gs w h i c h t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,i n h e r w i s d o m ,
h a s t h o ugh t i t b e s t n o t t o pr o v i d e fo r h e r c h i l d r e n
.
He
57
Ib i d . ,p . 2 9 .
3 4 2
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w a n t s a d d i t i o n a l Go s pe l s ,Epi s t l e s ,a n d Co l l e c t s t o b e pr o -
v i d e d fo r t h e Bl a c k Le t t e r Da y s ,a n d fo r " Se r v i c e s fo r t h e
De a d . "
s s
He a l s o " pl e a d s " fo r t h e " r e s t o r a t i o n w h e r e i t i s
po s s i b l e o ft h e pr a c t i c e o fRe s e r v i n gt h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t
i n o ur Ch ur c h e s . "
s s
Th e o s t e n s i b l e r e a s o n fo r r e s t o r i n gt h e
Re s e r v e d Sa c r a m e n t i s t h a t i t i s t h e n a l w a y s r e a d y t o b e
gi v e n t o t h e s i c k i n c a s e s o fe m e r ge n c y ; b ut t h e r e a l r e a s o n
i s fo r pur po s e s o fa d o r a t i o n . Th e Ri t ua l i s t s d o n o t pl e a d fo r
t h e Re s e r v a t i o n o ft h e w i n e ; b ut o n l y fo r h a l f a
Sa c r a m e n t -
t h e c o n s e c r a t e d w a fe r
.
Wh y n o t b o t h ? Lo y a l Ch ur c h m e n
a r e a w a r e t h a t t h e r e i s n o pr o v i s i o n i n t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n
Pr a y e r fo r gi v i n gt h e s i c k t h e Co m m un i o n i n o n e k i n d ,
a c c o r d i n gt o t h e m o d e r n Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c fa s h i o n ,fi r s t m a d e
o b l i ga t o r y i n t h e fi ft e e n t h c e n t ur y . Th e En gl i s h Co m m un i o n
fo r t h e Si c k r e qui r e s t h e c l e r gy m a n t o c o n s e c r a t e b o t h w i n e
a n d b r e a d i n t h e s i c k r o o m . Suppo s e ,t h e n ,t h e Ch ur c h w e r e
t o gi v e pe r m i s s i o n t o Re s e r v e t h e b r e a d , h o w m uc h t i m e
w o ul d t h e M i n i s t e r ga i n b y s uc h a pe r m i s s i o n ,w e r e h e s t i l l
t o b e r e qui r e d t o c o n s e c r a t e t h e w i n e i n t h e s i c k r o o m ?
No n e w h a t e v e r . Th e r e a l r e a s o n t h e n w h y t h e Re s e r v e d
Sa c r a m e n t i s s o e a r n e s t l y l o n ge d fo r i s a d o r a t i o n ,a n d t h i s i s
s h o w n i n Lo r d Ha l i fa x 's e s s a y ,i n w h i c h h e m a k e s i t pl a i n
t h a t h e i s m o s t a n x i o us fo r t h e r e s t o r a t i o n o ft h e s e r v i c e
k n o w n a s t h e
" Be n e d i c t i o n o ft h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t ,"
w h i c h c a n n o t b e pe r fo r m e d un l e s s a Re s e r v e d w a fe r i s k e pt
un t i l e v e n i n gfo r t h i s s e r v i c e .
-i t w i l l b e s a i d ," w r i t e s Lo r d Ha l i fa x ," b y s o m e t h a t i t [t h e
Re s e r v e d Sa c r a m e n t ]w i l l b e a s t e pt o Be n e d i c t i o n a n d o t h e r pr a c t i c e s
w h i c h a r e o fc o m pa r a t i v e l y m o d e r n o r i gi n ; b y o t h e r s ,t h a t i n t h e
i m pe r fe c t l y i n s t r uc t e d c o n d i t i o n o fo ur pe o pl e i t m i gh t l e a d t o
i r r e v e r e n c e
. No w , i n r e ga r d t o b o t h t h e s e o b j e c t i o n s m a y n o t t h i s
b e a s k e d -a n d i t i s a r e m a r k w h i c h ,It h i n k ,a ppl i e s t o m a n y o t h e r
m a t t e r s o f a n o t d i s s i m i l a r n a t ur e -w h y s h o ul d w e o b j e c t t o c e r t a i n
pr a c t i c e s w h i c h h a v e gr o w n upr o un d t h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t ,a n d
w h i c h e x pe r i e n c e h a s pr o v e d t o b e us e ful fo r e n c o ur a gi n gt h e d e v o t i o n o f
t h e Fa i t h ful ?
"
6 0
58 Th e Lo r d 's Da y a n d t h e Ho l y Euc h a r i s t ,p
. 2 9 . 6 9
Ib i d . ,p
. 3 5.
6 0 Ib i d . ,p
. 3 5 .
RITUA LISTICREVISIONOFTHEPRA YERBOOK .
3 4 3
Th e a n s w e r t o a l l t h i s i s t h a t t h e s e r v i c e o ft h e Be n e d i c t i o n
o ft h e Bl e s s e d Sa c r a m e n t ,a n d t h e Re s e r v a t i o n o ft h e
Sa c r a m e n t ,w o ul d b o t h c e r t a i n l y l e a d t o t h a t w h i c h t h e
Bl a c k Rub r i c t e r m s " i d o l a t r y t o b e a b h o r r e d o fa l l fa i t h ful
Ch r i s t i a n s . "
A n o t h e r c o n t r i b ut o r t o t h i s v o l um e o fe s s a y s ,w h o i s a l s o
a m e m b e r o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,t h e Re v
. E. W.
Se r ge a n t ,s e e m s a n x i o us fo r t h e e n t i r e o m i s s i o n o ft h e Te n
Co m m a n d m e n t s fr o m t h e Co m m un i o n Se r v i c e . " It i s ," h e
w r i t e s ," n o pa r t o ft h e pr i e s t 's o ffi c e i n t h e r i t ua l o ft h e
Euc h a r i s t ,l i k e a n o t h e r M o s e s fr o m M o un t Si n a i ,t o c o n v e y
Go d 's l a w s t o t h e pe o pl e . " 6 1 A n o t h e r s uppo s e d d e fe c t i n
t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n Pr a y e r ,w h i c h i s n o t h i n gl e s s t h a n ga l l
a n d w o r m w o o d t o t h e w h o l e Ro m a n i z i n gpa r t y ,i s t e r m e d b y
M r . Se r ge a n t " o n e o ft h e m o s t m i s c h i e v o us i n n o v a t i o n s i n
o ur Euc h a r i s t i c Offi c e . " It i s t h a t ," w h e r e a s i n t h e r ub r i c s
a l o n e o ft h e Or d i n a r y a n d Ca n o n o ft h e M a s s i n t h e Sa r um
M i s s a l t h e w o r d a l t a r o c c ur s t h i r t y t i m e s , i t d o e s n o t o c c ur o n c e
i ua n y pa r t o fo ur Pr a y e r Bo o k . " 6 2 Th i s ge n t l e m a n i s a l s o
s o r e l y gr i e v e d b e c a us e " s uc h m a r k e d pr o m i n e n c e " i s gi v e n
i n t h e Pr a y e r Bo o k t o t h e t = i t l e ," Th e Lo r d 's Suppe r " ; a n d
h e a s k s w i t h b ur n i n gi n d i gn a t i o n , " Wh y c h a n ge t h e t i t l e ?
Wh y r e j e c t t h e o l d a n d c e r t a i n l y i n o ffe n s i v e t e r m 't h e
M a s s '?
" 6 3
It i s ,t h e r e fo r e ,qui t e c l e a r t h a t t h e s e ge n t l e m e n a r e n o t
s a t i s fi e d w i t h t h e Pr a y e r Bo o k a s i t i s . Th e y a r e n o t
c o n t e n t ,h o w e v e r ,w i t h i n t r o d uc i n ga l l t h e s e Ro m a n i z i n g
n o v e l t i e s o n t h e i r o w n r e s po n s i b i l i t y ,a n d w i t h o ut a n y
s a n c t i o n fr o m t h e l a w . Wh a t t h e y n o w w a n t i s t h a t t h e y
s h a l l b e i n c o r po r a t e d i n t o t h e Bo o k o fCo m m o n Pr a y e r ,a n d
t h us m a d e pa r t a n d pa r c e l o ft h e l a w o ft h e Re fo r m e d
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
. Ifi t i s a s k e d ,w h y d o Pr a y e r Bo o k
Ch ur c h m e n o b j e c t t o t h e s e c h a n ge s a n d a d d i t i o n s ,t h e
a n s w e r i s t h a t t h e r e s ul t o fa d o pt i n gt h e m w o ul d b e a
gi ga n t i c s c h i s m i n t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . Th e Ch ur c h
9 1 Ib i d . ,p . 1 2 5 .

n
Ib i d
. ,p . 1 2 4 .

4 3
Ib i d . ,p .
1 2 1 .
3 4 4 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w h i c h fo r n e a r l y fo ur c e n t ur i e s ,e x c e pt i n gd ur i n gt h e b r i e f
i n t e r v a l o ft h e Co m m o n w e a l t h ,h a s s t o o d fi r m l y a ga i n s t a l l
t h e s t o r m s a n d o ppo s i t i o n s t h r o ugh w h i c h i t h a s pa s s e d ,
w o ul d a t o n c e fa l l t o t h e gr o un d ,r e n t a s un d e r b y t r a i t o r s
w i t h i n h e r fo l d . Ca n s t a t e s m e n v i e w s uc h a po s s i b i l i t y w i t h
pl e a s ur e ? A Pr a y e r Bo o k Ro m a n i z e d o n t h e l i n e s o ft h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n c o ul d n o t b e a c c e pt e d b y a n y h o n e s t
Pr o t e s t a n t Ch ur c h m a n ,a n d t h e w h o l e Pr o t e s t a n t po w e r o f
Pr o t e s t a n t En gl a n d w o ul d b e b e h i n d t h o s e w h o w o ul d t h e n
o n c e m o r e fi gh t a ga i n ,fo r d e a r l i fe ,t h e b a t t l e o ft h e
Re fo r m a t i o n . Ye t n o t h i n gl e s s t h a n t h i s w i l l s a t i s fy t h e
w i r e -pul l e r s o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y . It i s us e l e s s t o t a l k o f
a po s s i b l e c o m pr o m i s e b e t w e e n t h e Lo r d 's s uppe r a n d t h e
Sa c r i fi c e o ft h e M a s s . Th e y a r e a s o ppo s e d t o e a c h o t h e r
a s l i gh t a n d d a r k n e s s ,a s t h e Wo r d o fGo d a n d t h e c o r r upt
Tr a d i t i o n s o fm e n . Th i s pr e pa r a t o r y w o r k fo r Co r po r a t e
Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e m us t b e r e s i s t e d b y a l l i n w h o s e h e a r t s
t h e m e m o r y o ft h e Pr o t e s t a n t M a r t y r s i s n o t d e a d
; b y a l l
w h o l o v e c i v i l fr e e d o m a n d r e l i gi o us l i b e r t y .
A s t i m e w e n t o n t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n b e c a m e m o r e
a n d m o r e e n e r ge t i c i n l a b o ur i n gfo r Re un i o n . A s Ih a v e
s a i d ,t h e v o l um e o fe s s a y s o n Th e Lo r d 's Da y a n d t h e
Ho l y Euc h a r i s t , w h i c h a ppe a r e d i n 1 89 2 ,w a s n o t i s s ue d b y
t h e Un i o n ,t h o ugh i t c e r t a i n l y d o e s c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e w h a t i t s
po l i c y i s . Go i n gb a c k fo ur y e a r s fr o m t h a t d a t e ,w e fi n d t h e
Co un c i l o ft h e E. C . U. b r i n gi n gt h e Re un i o n Q ue s t i o n o n c e
m o r e b e fo r e t h e La m b e t h Co n fe r e n c e ,w h i c h a ga i n m e t i n
t h a t y e a r . A t t h e a n n ua l m e e t i n go ft h e Un i o n ,J un e 1 4 t h ,
1 888,a n A d d r e s s t o t h e Co n fe r e n c e w a s un a n i m o us l y a d o pt e d ,
w h i c h c o n c l ud e d w i t h t h e fo l l o w i n gpa r a gr a ph : -
" We w o ul d c o n c l ud e w i t h o ur m o s t e a r n e s t pr a y e r s t h a t t h e
c o un s e l s o ft h i s gr e a t ga t h e r i n go ft h e Epi s c o pa t e r o un d t h e c h a i r o f
St
. A ugus t i n e m a y b e s o gui d e d a n d i n s pi r e d b y Go d t h e Ho l y Gh o s t ,
a s t o qui c k e n t h e l i fe o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t h r o ugh o ut a l l i t s
b r a n c h e s ,t o w i n b a c k t h o s e w h o h a v e s e pa r a t e d t h e m s e l v e s fr o m i t s
fo l d ,a n d , a b o v e a l l , t o pr e pa r e t h e w a y fo r t h e r e s t o r a t i o n o f v i s i b l e
un i t y b e t w e e n t h e A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n a n d t h e r e s t o ft h e We s t e r n
" THEBISHOPOFOLDROM E. "
3 4 5
Ch ur c h , a n d t h e Re un i o n o fEa s t a n d We s t ,a n d t o h a s t e n t h e d a w n
o ft h a t b l e s s e d d a y o fr e s t o r e d pe a c e a n d go o d w i l l a m o n ga l l Ch r i s t i a n
pe o pl e ,w h e n t h e r e s h a l l b e On e Fl o c k a n d On e Sh e ph e r d . " 6 4
In m o v i n gt h e a d o pt i o n o ft h i s A d d r e s s ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x
s a i d t h a t Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w a s " t h a t h o pe w h i c h i s
n e a r e s t a n d d e a r e s t " t o t h e h e a r t s o ft h e m e m b e r s o ft h e
Un i o n ,a n d t h a t t h e y l o n ge d fo r t h e t i m e " w h e n t h e s c h i s m s
a n d d i v i s i o n s w h i c h d i v i d e t h e We s t s h a l l h a v e b e e n h e a l e d ,
w h e n Ea s t a n d We s t s h a l l b e a ga i n o n e ,a n d a l l s h a l l b e
a ga i n un i t e d i n t h e b o n d s o fa v i s i b l e un i t y a s i n t h e d a y s o f
o l d . " Th e v i e w s o ft h e Co un c i l o ft h e E . C . U . w e r e e c h o e d
b y i t s b r a n c h e s . A t a m e e t i n go ft h e Ch e l t e n h a m Br a n c h ,
De c e m b e r 1 7 t h ,1 889 ,t h e Ch a i r m a n ,t h e Re v
. G. Ba y fi e l d
Ro b e r t s ,w h o w a s s ub s e que n t l y s e l e c t e d t o w r i t e t h e o ffi c i a l
Hi s t o r y o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n , s a i d t h a t -
" Un h a ppi l y ,a s a Pr o t e s t a n t ,Ca n o n Be l l l o o k e d t o Re un i o n w i t h
Di s s e n t e r s ,a n d t o a n ut t e r a n d i r r e m e d i a b l e b r e a c h w i t h t h e Ch ur c h e s
o ft h e Ea s t a n d We s t . Th e y ,a s Ca t h o l i c s ,l o o k e d t o Re un i o n w i t h
t h o s e Ch ur c h e s o ft h e Ea s t a n d We s t w h i c h ,i n t h e i r fi n e a n c i e n t
Pa t r i a r c h a t e s ,po s s e s s e d t h e h i s t o r i c a l Epi s c o pa t e , t o Re un i o n un d e r t h e
Pr i m a c y o f
h i m t o w h o m t h e Fa t h e r s ga v e t h e Pr i m a c y . . .
t h e
Bi s h o po f` o l d Ro m e . ' Wa s t h i s a r a s h s t a t e m e n t ? A t a n y r a t e ,i t
w a s h i s t o r i c a l l y t r ue ,a n d w a s s ub s t a n t i a l l y t h e s a m e a s t h a t t o w h i c h
Lo r d Ha l i fa x ga v e ut t e r a n c e a t t h e A n n ua l M e e t i n g[o ft h e E . C . U. ]
i n Lo n d o n ,i n i 885
: -'Pe a c e a m o n gy o ur s e l v e s ,pe a c e w i t h o ur
s e pa r a t e d b r e t h r e n a t h o m e ,t h e r e s t o r a t i o n o fv i s i b l e un i t y w i t h t h e
m e m b e r s o ft h e Ch ur c h a b r o a d ,Ea s t a n d We s t a l i k e ,
b ut ,a b o v e a l l ,
w i t h t h e gr e a t A po s t o l i c Se e o ft h e We s t , w h i c h h a s d o n e s o m uc h t o
gua r d t h e t r ue fa i t h
i n t h e In c a r n a t i o n o fo ur Lo r d J e s us Ch r i s t a n d
t h e r e a l i t y o fHi s l i fe -gi v i n gSa c r a m e n t s . Th e s e t h i n gs s ur e l y s h o ul d
b e o ur o b j e c t -t h e o b j e c t n e a r e s t o ur h e a r t s . ' " "
Lo r d Ha l i fa x 's s pe e c h ,i n 1 885,i n fa v o ur o fRe un i o n w i t h
Ro m e ,quo t e d b y M r . Ro b e r t s ,l e d t o a c o r r e s po n d e n c e
b e t w e e n h i s l o r d s h i pa n d Ca n o n Ho l e ,n o w De a n o f
Ro c h e s t e r ,i n w h i c h t h e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h
Un i o n d e c l a r e d t h a t a l t h o ugh h e d i d " m o s t e a r n e s t l y d e s i r e
"
Ch ur c h Un i o n Ga z e t t e , Vo l um e fo r 1 88 8 ,pp . 1 6 8,2 1 6 -2 2 0 .
" Ib i d . ,
Vo l um e fo r 1 89 0 , p
. 4 5 .
3 4 6
SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD
M OVEM ENT.
t h e r e s t o r a t i o n o f
v i s i b l e c o m m un i o n b e t w e e n o ur s e l v e s a n d
t h e m e m b e r s o f t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h ,"
y e t h e d i d n o t w i s h fo r
s uc h a un i o n " b y a s a c r i fi c e o f t h e t r ut h , b ut
t h r o ugh t h e
t r ut h . " " But
h e r e o f c o ur s e c o m e s i n t h e que s t i o n , Wh a t i s
" t h e
t r ut h " w h i c h h i s l o r d s h i p i s un a b l e t o s a c r i fi c e ? I
h a v e n o d o ub t t h a t h e
w o ul d
b e
w i l l i n g t o " s a c r i fi c e " a gr e a t
d e a l o f t h a t w h i c h
Pr o t e s t a n t Ch ur c h m e n c o n s i d e r a s
Sc r i pt ur a l t r ut h . Th e r e a l l y pr a c t i c a l
que s t i o n i s , h o w
m uc h o f t h a t w h i c h t h e Po pe c o n s i d e r s
a s t h e " t r ut h "
w o ul d
Lo r d
Ha l i fa x r e qui r e h i m t o s ur r e n d e r a s t h e pr i c e o f
Re un i o n ? Wo ul d h e r e qui r e
h i m t o gi v e up e i t h e r h i s
Pr i m a c y
o r Supr e m a c y , o r a n y o n e o f t h e d o c t r i n e s o f t h e
Co un c i l o f Tr e n t ?
I v e r y m uc h d o ub t i t . Lo r d Ha l i fa x
w o ul d b e v e r y gl a d t o " s a c r i fi c e "
Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,
b ut t h e r e
i s v e r y l i t t l e ,
i f a n y t h i n g a t a l l , i n t h e o ffi c i a l d o c t r i n e s o f
Ro m e
w h i c h h e w o ul d w i s h a r e -un i t e d Ch ur c h t o l o s e . Th e
s pe e c h
w h i c h M r . Ro b e r t s quo t e d w a s r e fe r r e d t o b y Lo r d
Ha l i fa x h i m s e l f
t h e y e a r a ft e r i t w a s d e l i v e r e d . A t t h e
a n n ua l m e e t i n g o f t h e E. C . U.
i n 1 886 , Lo r d Ha l i fa x
s a i d : -
" Iv e n t ur e d t o s a y s o m e t h i n go n t h i s s ub j e c t a t o ur l a s t a n n ua l
m e e t i n g,a n d t h o ugh fa ul t h a s b e e n fo un d i n s o m e qua r t e r s w i t h w h a t
It h e n s a i d ,Ih a v e n o t h i n gt o r e t r a c t . On t h e c o n t r a r y ,Id e s i r e t o
e m ph a s i z e w h a t Is a i d l a s t y e a r . Th e c r o w n a n d c o m pl e t i o n o ft h e
Ca t h o l i c Re v i v a l w h i c h h a s t r a n s fo r m e d t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d
w i t h i n t h e l a s t fi ft y y e a r s i s t h e Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m . We d e s i r e
un i o n w i t h t h o s e fr o m w h o m w e a r e s e pa r a t e ,n o t b y a s a c r i fi c e o f
t r ut h ,b ut t h r o ugh t h e t r ut h ,a n d a m o n go ur b r e t h r e n w i t h w h o m w e
l o n gt o b e a t o n e , n o n e c o m e b e fo r e t h o s e w h o a r e i n c o m m un i o n w i t h
t h e Ro m a n Se e . . . Our o w n i n s t i n c t s -n a y o ur o w n e x pe r i e n c e a s
A n gl i c a n s -po i n t o ut
t h e pr a c t i c a l n e e d o fa c e n t r a l a ut h o r i t y .
Wh a t
h a s b e e n t h e h i s t o r y o ft h e So ut h A fr i c a n Ch ur c h ? Ha s i t n o t b e e n
o n o n e s i d e a w i l l i n gn e s s t o r e c o gn i z e i n t h e A r c h b i s h o po fCa n t e r b ur y
t h e a ut h o r i t y o fa n A n gl i c a n Pa t r i a r c h ; o n t h e o t h e r a n a t t e m pt t o
c l a i m t h e ful n e s s o fPa pa l a ut h o r i t y fo r t h e Pr i v y Co un c i l ?
A ft e r a l l ,
i fa c e n t r a l a ut h o r i t y i s go o d fo r t h e A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n , a c e n t r a l
a ut h o r i t y m us t b e go o d fo r t h e 'Ch ur c h a t l a r ge . . . . Ce r t a i n l y t h o s e
w h o a r e w i l l i n gt o r e c o gn i z e a n a ppe a l fr o m t h e A r c h b i s h o po f
" Ch ur c h Un i o n Ga z e t t e ,Vo l um e fo r i 8go ,p . go .
DEA NHOOKONTHEJ UDICIA LCOM M ITTEE.

3 4 7
Ca n t e r b ur y t o t h e j ud i c i a l Co m m i t t e e n e e d n o t s c r upl e t o a n a ppe a l t o
a Ch r i s t i a n Bi s h o p .
ISTHEREA SINGLEINSTRUCTEDCHRISTIA NWHO
WOULDNOTPREFERLEO XIII. TO THEPRIVYCOUNCIL?" 6 7
Th e a n s w e r t o Lo r d Ha l i fa x 's que s t i o n i s t h a t t h e r e i s a
v e r y l a r ge n um b e r o fv e r y w e l l
"
i n s t r uc t e d Ch r i s t i a n s
"
w h o
w o ul d pr e fe r t h e Pr i v y Co un c i l t o t h e Po pe . Th e r e i s a
gr e a t d e a l o fm i s c o n c e pt i o n a s t o w h a t t h e fun c t i o n s o f
t h e j ud i c i a l Co m m i t t e e r e a l l y a r e . Is uppo s e t h a t m o s t
Hi gh Ch ur c h m e n w i l l a d m i t t h a t t h e l a t e Hi gh Ch ur c h a n d
l e a r n e d De a n Ho o k w a s a n " i n s t r uc t e d Ch r i s t i a n . " Ye t
t h i s i s w h a t h e w r o t e o n t h e s ub j e c t : -
" Is e e n o o b j e c t i o n t o t h e Co m m i t t e e o fPr i v y Co un c i l b e i n g
o ur Fi n a l Co ur t o fA ppe a l : t h e y d o n o t fo r m a Sy n o d ,a n d h e r e i s
t h e m i s t a k e s o o ft e n m a d e . In a n a n c i e n t Sy n o d t h e m e m b e r s w e r e
l e gi s l a t o r s a s w e l l a s j ud ge s . Ift h e y d e c i d e d t h a t s uc h o r s uc h a
t h i n gw a s c o n t r a r y t o l a w ,t h e y m i gh t s a y ,` Th e l a w i s a b a d o n e ,
t h e r e fo r e w e w i l l m a k e a n e w l a w . ' Th e Co m m i t t e e o fPr i v y
Co un c i l d o e s n o t h i n go ft h e k i n d . Iw i s h t o o b e y t h e l a w . Yo us a y
t h a t t h e l a w s a y s o n e t h i n g,Is a y i t m e a n s a n o t h e r -a n d w h o s h a l l
d e c i d e ? It i s a que s t i o n ,n o t o fo pi n i o n ,b ut o ffa c t ; a n d w h o c a n
d e a l w i t h s uc h a s ub j e c t s o w e l l a s l a w y e r s ?
IF/ t o c o ul d b e w o r s e
j ud ge s t h a n e c c l e s i a s t i c s , w h o w o ul d e n d e a v o ur t o b e n d t h e l a w t o
t h e i r o pi n i o n s ?
" Th e o l d Hi gh Ch ur c h m a n w a s w o n t t o s a y ,'Iw i l l d o w h a t t h e
Ch ur c h o r d e r s m e t o d o
. ' ` Il i k e ,'h e m i gh t s a y ,` l i gh t s upo n t h e
a l t a r
; b ut i f y o u d i s l i k e i t ,l e t us a s k w h a t t h e l a w s a y s .
To
a s c e r t a i n t h a t fa c t Igo ,n o t t o pa r s o n s b ut t o l a w y e r s ,w h o a r e n o t t o
m a k e t h e l a w ,b ut t o d i s c us s w h a t i t w a s m a d e b y e c c l e s i a s t i c s . " 6 8
It i s h e r e m o s t i m po r t a n t t o po i n t o ut t h a t Lo r d Ha l i fa x
a n d t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n a r e m a n i fe s t l y b e n t o n
pul l i n gd o w n t h e a ut h o r i t y o fHe r M a j e s t y 's J ud i c i a l
Co m m i t t e e o fPr i v y Co un c i l ,fo r t h e s o l e pur po s e o fs e t t i n g
upt h a t o ft h e Po pe o fRo m e i n i t s r o o m
.
" Wh o w o ul d
n o t ," a s k s Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,
"
pr e fe r Le o XIII . t o t h e Pr i v y
Co un c i l " ? Th e r e i s ,h e s a y s , " a pr a c t i c a l n e e d fo r a
c e n t r a l a ut h o r i t y " ; a n d s uc h a n a ut h o r i t y w o ul d ,h e t h i n k s ,
6 7 Ib i d . ,
Vo l um e fo r 1 88 6 ,p . 2 4 2 .
6 8
Li fe a n d Le t t e r s o fDe a n Ho o k ,p . 588 . Si x t h e d i t i o n .
3 4 8
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
" b e go o d fo r t h e Ch ur c h
a t l a r ge " -t h e a ut h o r i t y ,o f
c o ur s e ,b e i n gt h a t o ft h e Po pe
. It m a y b e w e l l t o r e m i n d
m y r e a d e r s t h a t t h e Re fo r m e r s o ft h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t ur y w e r e
o fa d i ffe r e n t o pi n i o n
. It w a s t h e i r gl o r y a n d t h e i r b o a s t
t h a t t h e y c ut t h e m s e l v e s o fffr o m a l l c o m m un i c a t i o n w i t h
s uc h a " c e n t r a l a ut h o r i t y " a s t h e Po pe ,a n d i n s e r t e d i n t h e
Re fo r m e d Pr a y e r Bo o k
t h e pe t i t i o n : -" Fr o m t h e Bi s h o po f
Ro m e ,a n d a l l h i s d e t e s t a b l e e n o r m i t i e s ,Go o d Lo r d ,d e l i v e r
us . " Th e fa c t i s t h a t t h e r e i s n o e x i s t i n g
a ut h o r i t y w i t h i n
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d t o w h i c h t h e Ri t ua l i s t s w i l l gi v e
t h e i r ful l o b e d i e n c e ,w h e n i t s d e c i s i o n s c o m e i n t o c o n fl i c t
w i t h w h a t t h e y ,i n t h e i r s upe r i o r w i s d o m ,a s s e r t t o b e t h e
l a w o ft h e Ch ur c h . Re a s o n a b l e m e n w o ul d s a y t h a t i t
i s b e t t e r t o h a v e s o m e a ut h o r i t y w i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h o f
En gl a n d ,h o w e v e r i m pe r fe c t i t m a y o r m a y n o t b e ,t h a n t o
h a v e n o b i n d i n ga ut h o r i t y a t a l l
. It i s b e t t e r t o h a v e
un s a t i s fa c t o r y Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t s t h a n t o h a v e n o
Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t s a t a l l . It i s b e t t e r t o h a v e t h e Pr i v y
Co un c i l a s t h e Fi n a l Co ur t o fA ppe a l t h a n t o h a v e n o Co ur t
o fA ppe a l a t a l l . On e r e s ul t o ft h e l a b o ur s o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h Un i o n i s t h e s pr e a d o fA n a r c h y i n t h e Ch ur c h
.
Th a t w e l l -k n o w n Ri t ua l i s t ,t h e l a t e Re v
. A
. H
. M a c k o n o c h i e ,
Vi c a r o fSt
. A l b a n 's ,Ho l b o r n ,w h o w a s fo r m a n y y e a r s
s uppo r t e d b y t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n -o fw h i c h h e w a s
a l e a d i n gm e m b e r -i n h i s r e b e l l i o n a ga i n s t t h e d e c i s i o n s o f
t h e Co ur t s o fLa w ,ga v e e v i d e n c e ,o n M a r c h 2 n d ,1 882 ,
b e fo r e t h e Ro y a l Co m m i s s i o n o n Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t s
.
Fr o m t h e o ffi c i a l Re po r t o ft h a t Co m m i s s i o n It a k e t h e
fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t s o fM r
. M a c k o n o c h i e 's e v i d e n c e b e a r i n g
o n t h e s ub j e c t b e fo r e us : -
6 0 89 . Th e n i s t h e r e n o Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t ?-No t a s fa r a s I
c a n s e e .
"
6 o 9 o
. So t h a t e v e r y ,m a n c a n d o w h a t i s r i gh t i n h i s o w n e y e s ?-
Th a t i s n o t o ur fa ul t .
" 6 o 9 i . Ofc o ur s e n o t . Th a t i s t h e s t a t e o ft h i n gs ?-Ye s
.
" 6 o 9 2
. Ha s t h e r e n e v e r b e e n a n Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Co ur t ?-No t s i n c e
t h e Re fo r m a t i o n . "
A NA RCHY IN THE CHURCH OF ENGLA ND.
3 4 9
" 6 1 7 I . Th e n w h y d o y o ut h i n k t h a t t h e Bi s h o ps h a v e n o a ut h o r i t y
n o w ?-Be c a us e t h e y h a v e go t b o un d upi n t h e St a t e Co ur t s
. "
" 6 1 7 8. But d o e s i t n o t s t r i k e y o ut h a t t h a t i s fa t a l t o t h e i d e a
o fa n y s o c i e t y e x i s t i n g,
t h a t h e m us t j ud ge e n t i r e l y fo r h i m s e l f ?-
Ye s ; t h e n Ic a n n o t h e l pi t . "
A n a r c h y a n d l a w l e s s n e s s i n t h e Ch ur c h ,a s t a t e o ft h i n gs
i n w h i c h e v e r y c l e r gy m a n d o e s t h a t w h i c h i s r i gh t i n h i s
o w n e y e s ,a n d i n w h i c h h e w i l l s ub m i t t o n o a ut h o r i t y w h i c h
o ppo s e s h i s o w n o pi n i o n s ,i s c e r t a i n l y o n e c a l c ul a t e d t o c r e a t e
a l a r m . Id o n o t a s s e r t t h a t i t e x i s t s a m o n gs t t h e w h o l e o f
t h e c l e r gy o ft h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . Fa r fr o m i t . We m a y
b e t h a n k ful t h a t t h e r e a r e y e t t h o us a n d s o fc l e r gy m e n w h o
l o v e l a w a n d o r d e r ; b ut ,o n t h e o t h e r h a n d ,i t c a n n o t b e
d e n i e d t h a t t h e l a w l e s s s pi r i t i s v e r y w i d e s pr e a d i n d e e d
a m o n gs t t h e Ro m a n i z i n gc l e r gy . No r s h o ul d i t b e fo r go t t e n
t h a t t h e s pi r i t o fl a w l e s s n e s s a n d a n a r c h y i s a c o n t a gi o us
d i s e a s e . It w i l l n o t s t o pw i t h i n t h e Ch ur c h . Th e pe o pl e o f
En gl a n d w i l l a r gue t h a t w h a t i s go o d fo r t h e c l e r gy i s go o d
a l s o fo r t h e m .
Ift h e M i n i s t e r s o ft h e Go s pe l w i l l n o t o b e y
t h e l a w s o ft h e Ch ur c h ,w h y s h o ul d t h e y o b e y t h e l a w s o f
t h e St a t e ? Th i s i s a n a s pe c t o ft h e Ri t ua l i s t i c que s t i o n
w h i c h i s d e s e r v i n go ft h e s e r i o us a t t e n t i o n o fs t a t e s m e n .
But t h e un fo r t un a t e t h i n gi s t h a t t h o s e i n a ut h o r i t y i n t h e
St a t e ,i n o n l y t o o m a n y i n s t a n c e s ,s m i l e upo n r e b e l l i o n ,gi v e
t h e r e b e l s w o r d s o fe n c o ur a ge m e n t ,a n d pr e s e n t t h e m t o
m a n y o ft h e h i gh pl a c e s i n t h e Ch ur c h w h i c h a r e i n t h e i r
pa t r o n a ge ,w h i l e t h o s e w h o s h o w r e s pe c t t o l a w a n d o r d e r
a r e fr e que n t l y fr o w n e d upo n ,a n d l e ft o ut i n t h e c o l d
. Th e
t i m e h a s c o m e w h e n t h e pe o pl e o fEn gl a n d s h o ul d ,t h r o ugh
Pa r l i a m e n t ,b r i n gb o t h t h e Go v e r n m e n t fo r t h e t i m e b e i n g-
b o t h Co n s e r v a t i v e a n d Li b e r a l Go v e r n m e n t s a r e e qua l l y gui l t y
-t o a c c o un t . No l a w -b r e a k e r s h o ul d e v e r r e c e i v e pr o m o t i o n
a t t h e h a n d s o ft h e Cr o w n t h r o ugh i t s a c c r e d i t e d a d v i s e r s .
Im i gh t e a s i l y m ul t i pl y quo t a t i o n s fr o m t h e ut t e r a n c e s o f
m e m b e r s o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n a d v o c a t i n gCo r po r -
a t e Re un i o n w i t h t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,b ut Is h o ul d o n l y
3 50 SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w e a r y m y r e a d e r s b y d o i n gs o . A s i l l us t r a t i n gt h e k i n d o f
Ro m i s h t e a c h i n gfr e que n t l y gi v e n t o t h e b r a n c h e s o ft h e
Un i o n ,Im a y ,h o w e v e r ,b e pe r m i t t e d t o a d d h e r e t h e
fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t fr o m a s pe e c h d e l i v e r e d a t t h e a n n ua l
m e e t i n go ft h e De v o n Br a n c h ,o n J ul y 3 o t h ,1 889
. On t h a t
o c c a s i o n t h e Re v . Er n e s t Squa r e ,t h e n Vi c a r o fSt
. M a r y
St e ps ,Ex e t e r ,b ut n o w Re c t o r o fWh e a t a c r e ,Suffo l k ,s a i d : -
" He d i d n o t k n o w w h e r e t h e y w e r e t o go fo r t h e i r Ri t ua l i fi t w a s
n o t t o t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,w h i c h s e e m e d t o b e t h e l i v i n gCh ur c h ,
a n d i n w h o s e Ri t ua l h e c o ul d s e e n o t h i n gh a r m ful . Sh e w a s t h e
gr e a t e s t Ch ur c h i n Ch r i s t e n d o m -t h e r e c o ul d b e n o d o ub t a b o ut i t -
a n d h e d i d n o t t h i n k t h e y c o ul d go t o a b e t t e r pa t t e r n t h a n t h e Ch ur c h
o fRo m e fo r t h e i r Ri t ua l . Sh e h a d k e pt uph e r Ri t ua l ,w h i c h t h e
Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d h a d n o t d o n e ,t h r o ugh a l l t h e a ge s
. We h a d b e e n
m o s t s l o v e n l y ,a n d w i t h us i t h a d b e e n a k i n d o fd o m e s t i c Ri t ua l ,n o
m o r e t h a n t h e y w o ul d h a v e i n t h e i r o w n h o m e s o r a t t h e i r o w n t a b l e s
-a n d n o t s o go o d . Th e Ch ur c h o fRo m e h a d a l w a y s k e pt h e r o w n
Ri t ua l ,a n d ,t h e r e fo r e ,h e d i d n o t s e e w h y t h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h s h o ul d
n o t go t o h e r fo r h e l pi n t h i s m a t t e r . "
6 9
Th e a d o pt i o n o ft h e ful l Ro m a n Ri t ua l h a s n o w b e c o m e
v e r y c o m m o n i n Ri t ua l i s t i c c h ur c h e s ;
b ut s o m e o ft h e
pa r t y go e v e n fur t h e r t h a n M r
. Squa r e ,fo r t h e y t e a c h a l l t h e
d o c t r i n e s o fRo m e w h i c h t h e Ri t ua l i s i n t e n d e d t o s y m b o l i z e
.
Th r e e y e a r s b e fo r e M r
. Squa r e 's Ex e t e r s pe e c h ,t h e Re v
.
Wi l l i a m St a t h e r s ,Cur a t e o fSt . M a t t h i a s ',Ea r l 's Co ur t ,a n d
n o w Cur a t e o fSt . Be n e t a n d A l l Sa i n t s ',Ke n t i s h To w n ,w a s
d i s m i s s e d fr o m h i s c ur a c y b y h i s Vi c a r ,o n t h e c h a r ge o f
Ro m a n i z i n g . Th e c h a r ge s e e m e d a n e x t r a o r d i n a r y o n e ,
c o m i n gfr o m a Vi c a r w h o h i m s e l fa d o pt e d ,i n t h e s e r v i c e s o f
h i s Ch ur c h ,t h e ful l Ri t ua l o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e
. In s e l f-
d e fe n c e M r . St a t h e r s ,w h o w a s t h e n ,a n d s t i l l i s ,a m e m b e r
o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,pub l i s h e d a
Le t t e r o f
Ex pl a n a t i o n
t o t h e m e m b e r s o ft h e c o n gr e ga t i o n ,i n t h e
fo r m o fa pa m ph l e t o fs i x t e e n pa ge s . He pl e a d e d t h a t w h i l e
M r
. Luk e ,h i s Vi c a r ,h a d gi v e n h i s c o n gr e ga t i o n t h e s h e l l ,
h e ( M r
. St a t h e r s ) h a d gi v e n t h e m t h e k e r n e l ,
a n d h e e v i d e n t l y
6 9 We s t e r n Ti m e s ,J ul y 3 1 s t , 1 888 .
THE SHELL A ND THE KERNEL.

3 51
t h o ugh t t h e k e r n e l a m uc h b e t t e r t h i n gt h a n t h e s h e l l
. Th e
s h e l l w a s Ro m a n Ri t ua l ; t h e k e r n e l w a s Ro m a n d o c t r i n e .
"
Th e t e a c h i n g," w r o t e M r
. St a t h e r s , "
w h i c h Ih a v e r e gul a r l y gi v e n
fr o m t h e pul pi t o fS
. M a t t h i a s 's i s i n pe r fe c t h a r m o n y w i t h t h e Ri t ua l
o ft h a t Ch ur c h . Th e r e a r e o n l y t h r e e k i n d s o fRi t ua l po s s i b l e i n o ur
c h ur c h e s : -Th e Ri t ua l o fs e l f-pl e a s i n g,i n v e n t e d o ut o ft h e In c um -
b e n t 's o w n h e a d ; t h e o l d En gl i s h Ri t ua l ,v e r y e l a b o r a t e a n d n o w
l o s t ,b ut w h i c h s o m e a r e fr ui t l e s s l y t r y i n gt o b r i n gb a c k
; a n d t h e
M o d e r n Ro m a n , v e r y s i m pl e , r e gul a t e d b y t h e Sa c r e d Co n gr e ga t i o n -o f
Ri t e s a t Ro m e , a n d po s s e s s i n gpr e s e n t a ut h o r i t y
. It i s t h e
l a t t e r
Ri t ua l ,Ia m h a ppy t o s a y ,w h i c h i s fo l l o w e d a t S . M a t t h i a s 's ,a n d I
a m b o un d t o s a y t h a t w h i l e t h e a c c ur a c y o fi t w o ul d b e a l e s s o n t o
m a n y Ro m a n c o n gr e ga t i o n s ,t h e y c o ul d n e v e r h o pe t o a ppr o a c h i t s
d i gn i t y . To m a n y i t w i l l n o t s e e m s ur pr i s i n gt h a t fi n d i n gSt .
M a t t h i a s 's po s s e s s e d o fa pa r t i c ul a r k i n d o fs h e l l ,Id i d m y b e s t t o
pr o v i d e t h e c o r r e s po n d i n gk e r n e l ,o r t h a t fi n d i n gm y s e l ffa c e t o fa c e
w i t h a s k e l e t o n ,Id i d m y b e s t t o c l o t h e i t w i t h fl e s h a n d m a k e i t
i n s t i n c t w i t h l i fe .
" So m e pe r s o n s m a y pe r h a ps b e o fo pi n i o n t h a t i n pr e a c h i n gt h e
d o c t r i n e o ft h e Im m a c ul a t e Co n c e pt i o n o fo ur La d y Ih a v e go n e b e y o n d
Tr i d e n t i n e l i m i t s ,a n d h a v e t h us fa r b e e n i n c o n s i s t e n t . Ih a v e n e v e r ,
h o w e v e r ,i n s i s t e d o n t h e d o c t r i n e a s o fn e c e s s i t y fo r fa i t h ,b ut h a v e
s i m pl y gi v e n t h e r e a s o n s fo r i t ,a n d h a v e l e ft o b j e c t o r s fr e e t o h o l d t h e
Im m a c ul a t e Bi r t h i n s t e a d . M o r e o v e r ,t h e d o c t r i n e ,t h o ugh o ut s i d e t h e
Tr i d e n t i n e d e fi n i t i o n s ,c a n h a r d l y b e s a i d t o b e o ut s i d e Pr a y e r Bo o k
l i m i t s . " 7 0
Ia m n o t a w a r e t h a t M r . St a t h e r s h a s e v e r pub l i c l y
r e pud i a t e d h i s t e a c h i n g,a s e x pr e s s e d i n t h i s pa m ph l e t ,
t h o ugh h e s t i l l h o l d s a c ur a c y i n t h e s a m e Di o c e s e o fLo n d o n .
In h i s
Pr o t e s t h e fur t h e r i n fo r m e d h i s r e a d e r s t h a t --
" M r
. Luk e h a v i n gd e s i r e d t o b e i n fo r m e d m o r e pr e c i s e l y a s t o t h e
e x a c t m e a n i n gw h i c h Ia t t a c h e d t o t h e ph r a s e ` ge n e r a l t e a c h i n g
Tr i d e n t i n e '[c o n t a i n e d i n M r . St a t h e r s 'a d v e r t i s e m e n t fo r a c ur a c y i n
t h e Ch ur c h Ti m e s ],7
1 Ie x pl a i n e d t o h i m a t a pr i v a t e i n t e r v i e w ,a n d ,i f
7 0 A Pr o t e s t a n d Ex pl a n a t i o n ,b y t h e Re v . Wi l l i a m St a t h e r s ,p . 1 2 .
7 1 M r . St a t h e r s 'a d v e r t i s e m e n t ,w h i c h h e t r ul y d e s c r i b e d a s
" m o s t un m i s -
t a k a b l e ," w a s a s fo l l o w s : -To w n Cur a c y o r So l e Ch a r ge ( i n t h e So ut h )
d e s i r e d a t o n c e ,b y a pr i e s t o fc o n s i d e r a b l e e x pe r i e n c e ; 3 5,m us i c a l ,un m a r r i e d ,
fo n d o f
c h i l d r e n . Ex t e m po r e a n d w r i t t e n s e r m o n s
. Ri t ua l ( n o t n e c e s s a r i l y
a d v a n c e d ) o n Ro m a n l i n e s pr e fe r r e d . Ge n e r a l t e a c h i n gTr i d e n t i i z e
--W. S. , 85,M a r -
t o n Ro a d ,M i d d l e s b r o . " -Ch ur c h Ti m e s , De c e m b e r 2 1 s t ,1 883 ,p
. 9 59 .
3 52
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT
.
Ir e m e m b e r r i gh t l y ,b y l e t t e r ,t h a t Im e a n t t h e ge n e r a l t e a c h i n go ft h e
We s t e r n Ch ur c h ,t h e m o s t s a t i s fa c t o r y s um m a r y o fw h i c h t e a c h i n g,
a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e a n a ut h o r i t a t i v e s um m a r y , i s t o Le fo un d i n t h e
Ca t e c h i s m o ft h e Co un c i l o fTr e n t , po i n t s h a v i n gr e fe r e n c e t o t h e Pa pa l
Supr e m a c y b e i n ge x c l ud e d b y t h e n e c e s s i t y o ft h e c a s e
. " ( 7 2 )
Im us t n o w h a s t e n o n t o t h e t i m e w h e n ,o n Fe b r ua r y 1 4 t h ,
1 89 5,Lo r d Ha l i fa x d e l i v e r e d a t Br i s t o l h i s n o w n o t o r i o us
s pe e c h o n Re un i o n w i t h Ro m e . It w a s ,Im a y h e r e r e m a r k ,
d e l i v e r e d a t a m e e t i n go ft h e Br i s t o l b r a n c h o ft h e E . C
. U. ,
a n d w a s s ub s e que n t l y pr i n t e d a n d c i r c ul a t e d b y t h e Co un c i l ,
t h us gi v i n gt o i t a n o ffi c i a l s a n c t i o n a n d a ppr o v a l
. It w a s a
v e r y l o n gs pe e c h ,a n d i t s d e l i v e r y c r e a t e d a gr e a t d e a l o f
e x c i t e m e n t a n d c o n t r o v e r s y i n Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c i r c l e s
.
It s i n fl ue n c e w e n t fur t h e r a n d e x t e n d e d t o Ro m e ,w h e r e t h e
Po pe h i m s e l fgr e a t l y r e j o i c e d a t t h e w e l c o m e n e w s w h i c h i t
c o n t a i n e d .
In t h i s s pe e c h t h e Pr e s i d e n t o ft h e E
. C . U.
w e n t fur t h e r t o w a r d s Ro m e t h a n e v e r h e w e n t b e fo r e . Ev e n
s o m e o fh i s o w n fr i e n d s w e r e s ur pr i s e d ,t h o ugh t h e y d i d n o t
r e pud i a t e h i s ut t e r a n c e s . Hi s l o r d s h i pl a i d d o w n w h a t h e
c o n s i d e r e d a s r e a s o n a b l e c o n d i t i o n s o n w h i c h Re un i o n
b e t w e e n En gl a n d a n d Ro m e c o ul d t a k e pl a c e ;
b ut i t w a s
n o t i c e d t h a t h e d i d n o t r e qui r e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e t o gi v e
upa n y o n e o fh e r pe c ul i a r d o c t r i n e s ,n o t e v e n t h e d o c t r i n e
o ft h e Po pe 's pe r s o n a l In fa l l i b i l i t y ,a s t a ugh t b y t h e Va t i c a n
Co un c i l o f1 87 0 !
A s t o t h e l a t t e r t r ul y m o n s t r o us d o c t r i n e
a l l t h a t h e s e e m e d t o r e qui r e ,t o e n a b l e En gl i s h Ch ur c h m e n
t o a c c e pt i t ,w a s t h a t i t s h o ul d b e s uga r -c o a t e d t o s ui t t h e
En gl i s h pa l a t e
!
" Ev e n i n r e ga r d t o t h e Va t i c a n Co un c i l ," s a i d Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,
" i t
a ppe a r s n o t i m po s s i b l e t h a t m i s t a k e s a n d e x a gge r a t i o n s a s t o i t s s c o pe
a n d c o n s e que n c e s m a y h a v e b e e n m a d e ,a n d t h a t a s t i m e go e s o n
e x pl a n a t i o n s w i l l e m e r ge w h i c h m a y m a k e t h e d i ffi c ul t i e s [o ugh t h e
n o t t o h a v e s a i d fa l s e h o o d s ?] i t s e e m s t o i n v o l v e l e s s t h a n t h e y h a v e
s o m e t i m e s a ppe a r e d ?
.
. .
Ifb y Pa pa l In fa l l i b i l i t y i t i s o n l y m e a n t
t h a t t h e Po pe i s In fa l l i b l e w h e n a c t i n ga s t h e He a d o ft h e w h o l e
Ch ur c h ,a n d e x pr e s s i n gt h e m i n d o ft h e Ch ur c h ,a n d a ft e r t a k i n ga l l t h e
7 2
A Pr o t e s t a n d Ex pl a n a t i o n ,p . 3 .
" PEA CE WITH ROM E WITH A LL OUR HEA RTS. "
3 53
l e gi t i m a t e a n d us ua l m e a n s fo r a s c e r t a i n i n gt h a t m i n d ,i n d e t e r m i n i n g
w h i c h t h e a ut h o r i t y a n d w i t n e s s o ft h e Bi s h o ps ,a s r e pr e s e n t i n gt h e i r
r e s pe c t i v e Ch ur c h e s ,m us t b e pa r a m o un t ,a n d t h e n o n l y i n r e ga r d t o
t h e s ub s t a n c e o ft h e d e po s i t h a n d e d d o w n fr o m Ch r i s t a n d Hi s
A po s t l e s , i t w o ul d s e e m t h a t t h e d i ffi c ul t y o fa po s s i b l e a gr e e m e n t i s
n o t s o i n s upe r a b l e a s i t h a s b e e n s o m e t i m e s r e pr e s e n t e d . Ce r t a i n l y ,i t
i s n o t s uc h a s t o pr e c l ud e a l l e n d e a v o ur s t o fi n d po s s i b l e t e r m s o f
pe a c e o n o t h e r m a t t e r s . In a n y c a s e ,t i l l i t i s pr o v e d t o t h e c o n t r a r y ,
l e t us n o ur i s h t h e h o pe t h a t s uc h e x pl a n a t i o n s a r e po s s i b l e . " 7 3
But h e r e i t m a y w e l l b e a s k e d ,w o ul d n o t t h e a c c e pt a n c e
o ft h e Po pe 's In fa l l i b i l i t y ,i n a n y s h a pe o r fo r m ,o r w i t h a n y
" e x pl a n a t i o n ," b e i n a r e a l i t y a " s a c r i fi c e o ft h e t r ut h " ?
Ho w c o ul d a Un i o n b a s e d o n s uc h a fa l s e h o o d b e a Un i o n
" t h r o ugh t h e t r ut h
" ?" Do n o t l e t us b e a fr a i d ," s a i d
Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,i n h i s Br i s t o l s pe e c h ,
"
t o s pe a k pl a i n l y o f
t h e po s s i b i l i t y ,o ft h e d e s i r a b i l i t y o fa un i o n w i t h Ro m e .
Le t us s a y b o l d l y
w e d e s i r e pe a c e w i t h Ro m e w i t h a l l o ur
h e a r t s . " 7 4
La n gua ge l i k e t h i s i s v e r y d i ffe r e n t fr o m t h a t o f
t h e o l d -fa s h i o n e d Hi gh Ch ur c h m a n ,t h e Re v . J o h n M o ul t r i e ,
o fRugb y : -
Yo ur
Yo ur Po pe m a y b e a l e a r n e d pr i e s t ,a n d a pr i n c e o fh i gh d e gr e e ,
But Go d a n d J e s us Ch r i s t a r e m o r e In fa l l i b l e t h a n h e ;
A n d Ii n Go d ,t h r o ugh J e s us Ch r i s t ,r e s t a l l m y fa i t h a n d h o pe ,
A n d i n d e e d Ic a n n o t pa r t w i t h t h e s e fo r Pr e l a t e o r fo r Po pe .
Is t i l l m us t k e e pm y s i m pl e c r e e d ,a n d t r e a d t h e pa t h I'v e t r o d
By t h e h e l po fm y Re d e e m e r -b y t h e gui d a n c e o fm y Go d . "
7 6
"
No pe a c e ,b ut d e a d l y w a r fa r e s t i l l ,b e t w e e n t h o s e t w a i n m us t b e ,
Wh i l e t h e o n e w o ul d b i n d b o t h h e a r t a n d m i n d ,a n d t h e o t h e r
s e t t h e m fr e e
;
No pe a c e fo r Ro m e a n d En gl a n d ,b ut a s t e r n ,r e l e n t l e s s s t r i fe ;
Ti l l Li gh t s h a l l v a n qui s h Da r k n e s s ,De a t h b e s w a l l o w e d upo f
Li fe . "
7 6
Ift h e r e i s o n e m a n o ft h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t ur y w h o ,m o r e
t h a n a n y o t h e r ,i s h o n o ur e d b y Pr o t e s t a n t s a l l o v e r t h e
7 3
Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m
. Spe e c h b y Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,p
. 2 4 . ( En gl i s h Ch ur c h
Un i o n Offi c e
. )
7 ' Ib i d . ,P
. 3 5-
7 1
M o ul t r i e 's
A l t a r s ,He a r t h s ,a n d Gr a v e s ,p . 7 9 . Ed i t i o n , 1 854 .
7 6 Ib i d . ,p. 6 1 .
2 3
3 54
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
w o r l d ,i t i s M a r t i n Lut h e r . But h e w a s Go d 's i n s t r um e n t
fo r fr e e i n gt h e n a t i o n s fr o m Pa pa l b o n d a ge ,a n d fo r t h i s
a m o n gs t o t h e r r e a s o n s ,h e i s h a t e d a n d r e v i l e d b y m o d e r n
Ri t ua l i s t s ,w h o a r e n o t w o r t h y t o un l o o s e h i s s h o e s t r i n gs .
In h i s Br i s t o l s pe e c h Lo r d Ha l i fa x w e n t o ut o fh i s w a y t o
i n s ul t h i s h o n o ur e d m e m o r y b y d e c l a r i n gt h a t a l t h o ugh h e
b e ga n h i s c a r e e r a s " a h a r m l e s s a n d n e c e s s a r y Re fo r m e r ,"
h e e v e n t ua l l y b e c a m e " a n e e d l e s s a n d n o x i o us r e b e l . " 7 7
Lut h e r c e r t a i n l y w a s ,v e r y m uc h t o h i s c r e d i t b e i t r e c o r d e d ,
a " r e b e l " a ga i n s t t h e us ur pe d Supr e m a c y o ft h e Po pe ; b ut
i n t h e o pi n i o n o ft h e m a j o r i t y o ft h e a b l e s t m e n w h o h a v e
l i v e d s i n c e h i s t i m e s ,h i s r e b e l l i o n w a s a v e r y n e c e s s a r y
o n e ,a n d b y n o m e a n s
" n e e d l e s s . "
It w a s t h e o n l y w a y i n
w h i c h t h e w o r l d c o ul d ge t r i d o fa n i n t o l e r a b l e s pi r i t ua l
s l a v e r y .
Lut h e r 's r e b e l l i o n a ga i n s t t h e Po pe w a s o b e d i e n c e
t o A l m i gh t y Go d ,a n d t h e r e fo r e i t m a k e s us j us t l y i n d i gn a n t
t o fi n d s uc h a b r a v e a n d h o l y d e e d s t i gm a t i z e d a s a
" n o x i o us " c r i m e . It w i l l ,It r us t ,n e v e r c o m e t o pa s s t h a t
t h e c h i l d r e n o ft h i s gr e a t " r e b e l " a ga i n s t t y r a n n y a n d
c o r r upt i o n w i l l c o m e t o t e r m s o fpe a c e w i t h t h a t s y s t e m
a ga i n s t w h i c h h e w a ge d a n un r e l e n t i n gw a r fa r e ,
n o t e v e n
a t t h e i n v i t a t i o n o fLo r d Ha l i fa x .
" Wh o ," a s k e d h i s
l o r d s h i p," c a n e n d ur e t h e s e n s e o fb e i n gs e pa r a t e d fr o m
t h o s e [Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c s ]w i t h w h o m i n a l l e s s e n t i a l s o f
b e l i e fa n d s e n t i m e n t w e a r e o n e ?" 7 8
Th e a n s w e r t o s uc h
a que s t i o n i s t h a t t h e r e i s
n o n e e d w h a t e v e r fo r t h e
Ri t ua l i s t s t o " e n d ur e " s uc h a m e l a n c h o l y s t a t e o ft h i n gs
fo r e v e n o n e d a y l o n ge r . Wh y n e e d t h e y b e "
s e pa r a t e d "
a n y m o r e
?
Th e Pa pa l d o o r i s w i d e o pe n t o r e c e i v e t h e m ,
a n d t h e s o o n e r t h e y go o v e r t h e b e t t e r i t w i l l b e fo r t h e
Re fo r m e d Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d . Wh e n t r a i t o r s a r e d i s c o v e r e d
w i t h i n t h e c i t a d e l z e a l o us l y pl e a d i n gw i t h i t s r ul e r s t o
s ur r e n d e r t o a n e n e m y w h o s e y o k e i s t o o h e a v y t o b e a r ,
t h e b e s t t h i n gt o d o i s t o t ur n t h e m o ut o ft h e c i t a d e l a t
7 7
Re un i o n o fCh r i s t e n d o m . Spe e c h b y Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,p . 8.
~ 'Ib i d . ,p
.
r 8 .
THEHOM ILIESONTHECHURCHOFROM E.
3 55 '
o n c e ,i ft h e y r e fus e t o go v o l un t a r i l y . Th e r e i s n o s a fe t y
fo r t h e c i t a d e l w h i l e t r a i t o r s a r e w i t h i n i t s w a l l s . It c a n n o t ,
It h i n k ,b e s e r i o us l y pl e a d e d t h a t t h e r e a r e a n y d o c t r i n e s
o ffi c i a l l y t a ugh t b y t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e t o w h i c h ge n t l e m e n
o fLo r d Ha l i fa x 's s t a m pc a n h a v e a n y c o n s c i e n t i o us
o b j e c t i o n s . " We a r e c o n v i n c e d ," h e s a y s , " o n t h e o n e
h a n d t h a t t h e r e i s n o t h i n gw h a t e v e r i n t h e a ut h o r i t a t i v e
d o c um e n t s o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h w h i c h ,a pa r t fr o m t h e
t r a d i t i o n a l gl o s s e s o fa pr a c t i c a l Pr o t e s t a n t i s m ,c o n t a i n s
a n y t h i n ge s s e n t i a l l y i r r e c o n c i l a b l e w i t h t h e d o c t r i n e s o ft h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e
. "
7 8
Ce r t a i n l y ,t h e m a j o r i t y o fl o y a l
Ch ur c h m e n t h i n k o t h e r w i s e . Th e y s t i l l r e t a i n t h e o pi n i o n
t h a t t h e Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s c o n t a i n a gr e a t d e a l w h i c h i s
" i r r e c o n c i l a b l e w i t h t h e d o c t r i n e s o ft h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e ,"
a n d t h a t i s a l s o t h e o pi n i o n o fRo m a n Ca t h o l i c d i v i n e s w h o
m a y b e a l l o w e d t o k n o w w h a t t h e r e a l d o c t r i n e s o ft h e i r
Ch ur c h a r e m uc h b e t t e r t h a n a n y m e m b e r o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h Un i o n . On e o ft h e " d o c um e n t s o ft h e En gl i s h
Ch ur c h " i s t h e Bo o k o fHo m i l i e s . Ev e r y c l e r gy m a n o f
t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d h a s s o l e m n l y s ub s c r i b e d t o t h e
Th i r t y -n i n e A r t i c l e s . Ev e r y c ur a t e m us t s ub s c r i b e t h e m ,
a n d e v e r y n e w i n c um b e n t o fa l i v i n gi s b o un d t o r e a d t h e m
t h r o ugh t o h i s n e w c o n gr e ga t i o n . In o n e o ft h o s e A r t i c l e s
-t h e 3 5t h -i t i s d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e Ho m i l i e s " c o n t a i n a
go d l y a n d w h o l e s o m e Do c t r i n e ,
a n d n e c e s s a r y fo r t h e s e t i m e s ,"
t h a t i s ,fo r t h i s y e a r o fo ur Lo r d ,1 89 7 . We k n o w v e r y
w e l l t h a t t h e c l e r gy a r e n o t b o un d t o a c c e pt e v e r y h i s t o r i c a l
s t a t e m e n t i n t h e Ho m i l i e s ,b ut t h e y a r e b o un d t o t h e
" d o c t r i n e " t a ugh t i n t h e m . Iw o ul d t h e r e fo r e a s k Lo r d
Ha l i fa x w h e t h e r h e c a n r e c o n c i l e t h e fo l l o w i n ge x t r a c t fr o m
t h e " d o c um e n t "
k n o w n a s t h e
Ho m i l y o ft h e
Pe r i l o f
Id o l a t r y ,Pa r t Th i r d , " w i t h t h e d o c t r i n e s o ft h e Ch ur c h o f
Ro m e " ? Th e l a n gua ge i s s o m e w h a t r o ugh ,b ut ,a s i t i s
" a ppo i n t e d t o b e r e a d i n Ch ur c h e s ," t h e r e c a n b e n o t h i n g
w r o n gi n r e a d i n gi t i n t h i s b o o k o fm i n e .
7 9
Ib i d . ,p
. 3 0 -
2 3
3 56 SECRET
HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
" Wh i c h t h e i d o l a t r o us Ch ur c h [o fRo m e ]un d e r s t a n d e t h w e l l e n o ugh
.
Fo r s h e b e i n gi n d e e d n o t o n l y a n h a r l o t ( a s t h e Sc r i pt ur e c a l l e t h h e r ) ,
b ut a l s o a fo ul ,fi l t h y ,o l d w i t h e r e d h a r l o t ( fo r s h e i s i n d e e d o fa n c i e n t
y e a r s ) a n d un d e r s t a n d i n gh e r l a c k o fn a t ur a l a n d t r ue b e a ut y ,a n d
gr e a t l o a t h s o m e n e s s w h i c h o fh e r s e l fs h e h a t h ,d o t h ( a ft e r t h e c us t o m
o fs uc h h a r l o t s ) pa i n t h e r s e l f,a n d d e c k a n d t i r e h e r s e l fw i t h go l d ,
pe a r l ,s t o n e ,a n d a l l k i n d o fpr e c i o us j e w e l s , 80 t h a t s h e ,s h i n i n gw i t h
t h e o ut w a r d b e a ut y a n d gl o r y o ft h e m ,m a y pl e a s e t h e fo o l i s h
ph a n t a s y o ffo n d l o v e r s ,a n d s o e n t i c e t h e m t o s pi r i t ua l fo r n i c a t i o n
w i t h h e r ; w h o ,i ft h e y s a w h e r ( Iw i l l n o t s a y n a k e d ) b ut i n s i m pl e
a ppa r e l ,w o ul d a b h o r h e r ,a s t h e fo ul e s t a n d fi l t h i e s t h a r l o t t h a t e v e r
w a s s e e n : a c c o r d i n ga s a ppe a r e t h b y t h e d e s c r i pt i o n o ft h e ga r n i s h i n g
o ft h e gr e a t s t r um pe t o fa l l s t r um pe t s ,'t h e m o t h e r o fw h o r e d o m ,'
s e t fo r t h b y St . J o h n i n h i s Re v e l a t i o n . "
So o n a ft e r h i s Br i s t o l s pe e c h ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x w e n t t o Ro m e ,
w h e r e h e h a d s e v e r a l i n t e r v i e w s w i t h t h e Po pe ,w i t h a v i e w
t o t h e s uc c e s s o fh i s Re un i o n s c h e m e s .
A v e r b a t i m r e po r t o f
h i s i n t e r v i e w s w o ul d b e i n t e r e s t i n gr e a d i n g . In h i s s pe e c h
a t Br i s t o l h e h a d n o t ,a s Ih a v e s a i d ,a s k e d Ro m e t o gi v e
upo n e o fh e r d o c t r i n e s a s a c o n d i t i o n o fh e r Re un i o n w i t h
En gl a n d ,n o t e v e n t h e Pa pa l In fa l l i b i l i t y . But h e d i d i n s i s t
o n t h e Po pe 's r e c o gn i t i o n o ft h e v a l i d i t y o fA n gl i c a n Or d e r s .
Th e r e w e n t t o Ro m e ,a fe w m o n t h s a ft e r Lo r d Ha l i fa x ,t w o
m e m b e r s o ft h e En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,w h o s e t r a v e l l i n g
e x pe n s e s w e r e pa i d fo r b y t h e Un i o n . On e o ft h e pa r t y ,t h e
Re v . T. A . La c e y ,a m e m b e r o fi t s Co un c i l ,a n d a l s o a
m e m b e r o ft h e s e c r e t So c i e t y o ft h e Ho l y Cr o s s ,w r o t e a
d o c um e n t fo r t h e pr i v a t e us e o ft h e Ro m a n Ca r d i n a l s ,t o
w h o m t h e que s t i o n o ft h e v a l i d i t y o fA n gl i c a n Or d e r s h a d
b e e n r e m i t t e d fo r c o n s i d e r a t i o n . Pr o b a b l y M r . La c e y n e v e r
d r e a m t t h a t s uc h a d o c um e n t w o ul d e v e r s e e t h e l i gh t o f
d a y i n En gl a n d ;
b ut ,s o m e h o w o r o t h e r ,t h e Ta b l e t go t h o l d
o fa c o py ,a n d pub l i s h e d i t i n ful l -t r a n s l a t e d fr o m t h e
o r i gi n a l La t i n -i n i t s i s s ue fo r No v e m b e r 7 t h ,1 89 6
. In t h i s
d o c um e n t M r . La c e y m a d e s o m e v e r y c a n d i d a d m i s s i o n s ,
a n d s o m e i n a c c ur a t e a s s e r t i o n s ,s uc h a s t h e fo l l o w i n g
: -
80 J us t l i k e o ur m o d e r n Ri t ua l i s t i c pr i e s t s ,w h o " d e c k a n d t i r e
" t h e m s e l v e s
a n d t h e i r Ch ur c h e s i n a s i m i l a r fa s h i o n .
A DOCUM ENT FOR ROM A N CA RDINA LS.

3 57
" Th e Re fo r m a t i o n ," w r o t e M r . La c e y , "
b e gun un d e r He n r y VIII. ,
e ffe c t e d n o t h i n gc o n t r a r y t o Ca t h o l i c fa i t h . Th e r e t o o k pl a c e ,I
a d m i t ,c e r t a i n t h i n gs w h i c h w e r e c r i m i n a l ,
a n d c e r t a i n t h i n gs w h i c h
a r e s t i l l t o b e d e pl o r e d ; t h e w i t h d r a w a l fr o m t h e Co m m un i o n o ft h e
Ro m a n Ch ur c h ,
t h e e x t i r pa t i o n o ft h e Re l i gi o us Li fe . "
" Th e En gl i s h Ch ur c h ,d e l i v e r e d fr o m s o m a n y d a n ge r s , h a s d i ffe r e d
i n
n o t h i n g fr o m t h e o t h e r n a t i o n a l Ch ur c h e s i n c l ud e d i n t h e Ca t h o l i c
un i t y ,s a v e t h a t s h e h a s l a c k e d c o m m un i o n i n Sa c r i s w i t h t h e Ho l y
Se e . "
" M a n y h a v e t ur n e d t h e i r e y e s w i t h gr e a t d e s i r e t o t h e Ho l y
Ro m a n Ch ur c h a s t o t h e M o t h e r fr o m w h o m t h e l i gh t o ft h e Go s pe l
w a s fi r s t s h e d upo n us . "
" In t h e y e a r 1 86 5,h e [Dr . Pus e y ]pub l i s h e d h i s Ei r e n i c o n , i n
w h i c h h e d e a l t w i t h t h e que s t i o n o fv i s i b l e un i t y t o b e b r o ugh t a b o ut
b y m e a n s o ft h e A n gl i c a n Ch ur c h . He a d d e d m uc h c o n c e r n i n gt h e
d i ffe r e n c e s o fw o r s h i pa n d d o c t r i n e ; t h a t s uc h t h i n gs d i d n o t r e l a t e t o
fa i t h ; t h e d i s c o r d b e t w e e n t h e A n gl i c a n a n d Ro m a n fo r m ul a r i e s t o
b e m o r e a ppa r e n t t h a n r e a l ; t h e po w e r o ft h e Ro m a n Po n t i fft o b e
a n o t i n s upe r a b l e o b s t a c l e ; a n d t h e l i k e . Th i s l e t t e r o fs o c e l e b r a t e d
a m a n c r e a t e d i n c r e d i b l e e n t h us i a s m . "
Th e h o pe s o fLo r d Ha l i fa x a n d h i s fo l l o w e r s w e r e d o o m e d
t o d i s a ppo i n t m e n t . In s t e a d o fr e c o gn i z i n gt h e v a l i d i t y o f
A n gl i c a n Or d e r s t h e Po pe i s s ue d h i s n o w fa m o us Bul l
d e c l a r i n gt h e m t o b e ,i n h i s e s t i m a t i o n ,i n v a l i d
. Th i s Bul l
c a m e a s a n un e x pe c t e d t h un d e r s t o r m i n t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c c a m p
.
Th e Ro m a n i z e r s h a d fl a t t e r e d ,c r i n ge d t o ,a n d pr o s t r a t e d
t h e m s e l v e s b e fo r e t h e Ch ur c h o fRo m e i n a s t a t e o fa b j e c t
h um i l i a t i o n ,i n t h e h o pe t h a t t h e Po pe w o ul d d o t h e m t h e
h o n o ur o fr e c o gn i z i n gt h e m a s r e a l s a c r i fi c i n gpr i e s t s .
In s t e a d ,h o w e v e r ,o fb e i n gh o n o ur e d b y h i m ,t h e y w e r e
t r e a t e d w i t h t h e m o s t un m i t i ga t e d a n d w e l l -d e s e r v e d
c o n t e m pt . In s t e a d o fr e c e i v i n ga Pa pa l b l e s s i n g,t h e y w e r e
s pur n e d fr o m t h e t h r o n e o ft h e Va t i c a n w i t h a Pa pa l k i c k .
Fo r a t i m e ,i n b i t t e r r a ge a n d d i s s a t i s fa c t i o n ,t h e Ri t ua l i s t s
t ur n e d t h e i r fa c e s t o w a r d s t h e Ea s t e r n Ch ur c h ,a n d d e c l a r e d
t h a t t h e y w o ul d go i n fo r Un i o n w i t h t h a t c o r r upt c o m -
m un i o n ,a n d l e a v e Ro m e t o h e r fa t e . A fe w Ch ur c h m e n w e r e
d e c e i v e d b y t h e s e pr o fe s s i o n s ,a n d d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e En gl i s h
3 58 SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDM OVEM ENT.
Ch ur c h Un i o n w o ul d n o w c e a s e t o l a b o ur fo r Re un i o n w i t h
Ro m e
. But t h e y l i t t l e r e a l i z e d t h e d e pt h s o fs pi r i t ua l
d e gr a d a t i o n o fw h i c h t h e Ri t ua l i s t s a r e c a pa b l e . Th e t i d e
h a s a l r e a d y t ur n e d ,a n d o n c e m o r e w e s e e t h e Ri t ua l i s t s
c r a w l i n ga l o n gt o k i s s t h e Pa pa l t o e t h a t k i c k e d t h e m o n l y
t h e o t h e r d a y .
In h i s s pe e c h a t t h e a n n ua l m e e t i n go ft h e
En gl i s h Ch ur c h Un i o n ,J un e 1 s t ,1 89 7 ,Lo r d Ha l i fa x b i t t e r l y
c o m pl a i n e d t h a t t h e pr e s e n t d o m i n a n t a ut h o r i t y i n t h e
Ch ur c h o fRo m e i n En gl a n d t h r e w " e v e r y o b s t a c l e i n t h e
w a y o fa n y s t e pt h a t m a y b e t a k e n t o w a r d s b r i n gi n ga b o ut
a b e t t e r un d e r s t a n d i n g,a n d t h e e v e n t ua l Co r po r a t e Re un i o n
o ft h e A n gl i c a n Co m m un i o n w i t h t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h . "
" We h a v e i n d e e d ," s a i d h i s l o r d s h i p,"
h o n e s t l y d e s i r e d -
w e d e s i r e s t i l l -t o s e e t h e r e l a t i o n s w h i c h e x i s t e d b e t w e e n
St . Cy pr i a n a n d t h e Ch ur c h o fCa r t h a ge o n t h e o n e s i d e ,
a n d St
. St e ph e n a n d t h e Ro m a n Ch ur c h o n t h e o t h e r ,a s
i n s i s t e d o n i n t h e En c y c l i c a l
Sa t i s
Co gn i t i o n ,
r e s t o r e d b e t w e e n
Ca n t e r b ur y a n d Ro m e . " 81
It i s a n o t e w o r t h y fa c t t h a t w h i l e t h e l e a d e r s o ft h e
Ri t ua l i s t i c pa r t y h a v e a d v o c a t e d Co r po r a t e Re un i o n w i t h
Ro m e ,a n d h a v e o ppo s e d i n d i v i d ua l s e c e s s i o n ,y e t t h e o v e r -
w h e l m i n gm a j o r i t y o fi n d i v i d ua l pe r v e r s i o n s t o Ro m e i n t h i s
c o un t r y h a v e b e e n fr o m t h e r a n k s o ft h e Tr a c t a r i a n s ,Pus e y i t e s ,
a n d Ri t ua l i s t s . Th e Tr a c t a r i a n s pr e pa r e d t h e gr o un d ,t h e
Pus e y i t e s pl a n t e d ,t h e Ri t ua l i s t s w a t e r e d ,a n d t h e Po pe h a s
r e a pe d t h e h a r v e s t . A s fa r b a c k a s 1 85o Bi s h o pSa m ue l
Wi l b e r fo r c e w r o t e t o Dr . Pus e y : -" Ifi r m l y b e l i e v e t h a t
t h e i n fl ue n c e o fy o ur pe r s o n a l m i n i s t r y d o e s m o r e t h a n t h e
l a b o ur s o fa n o pe n e n e m y t o w e a n fr o m t h e pur e fa i t h a n d
s i m pl e Ri t ua l o fo ur Ch ur c h t h e a ffe c t i o n s o fm a n y o ft h o s e
a m o n gs t h e r c h i l d r e n
. " S1 To t h e Re v . C . M a r r i o t t ,t h e
Bi s h o pw r o t e ,No v e m b e r 2 3 r d ,1 850
: -" He ( Dr . Pus e y )
t r i e s t o r e t a i n t h e s e s o ul s t o t h e Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d ,b ut i n
v a i n
. He h a s gi v e n t h e i m pe t us ,a n d h e c a n n o t s t o p
81 Ch ur c h Ti m e s ,J un e 4 t h ,1 89 7 ,p . 6 6 8 .
0 2
Li fe o fBi s h o pWi l b e r fo r c e ,Vo l . II. ,p
. So .
THE
" PREPA RA TORYSCHOOL" FORROM E.

3 59
t h e m
.
He h a s n o d e e ph o r r o r o ft h e Po pi s h s y s t e m ; n o n e
h a s b e e n i n fus e d i n t o t h e e a r l y b e gi n n i n gs o ft h e i r a w a k e n e d
s pi r i t ua l c o n s c i o us n e s s ; t h e y h a v e Pr a c t i c a l l y b e e n s e t b y h i m
o n a Ro m i s h c o ur s e . " 83 Ev e n Dr . Pus e y 's Fa t h e r Co n fe s s o r ,
t h e Re v . J . Ke b l e ,a c k n o w l e d ge d t h a t
"
a l a r ge r n um b e r ,
po s s i b l y ,h a s s e c e d e d t o Ro m e fr o m un d e r h i s ( Dr . Pus e y 's )
s pe c i a l t e a c h i n gt h a n fr o m t h a t o fa n y o t h e r i n d i v i d ua l n o w
a m o n gus . "
8M
It h a s b e e n m o r e o r l e s s t h e s a m e w i t h a l l
t h e Ri t ua l i s t i c t e a c h e r s . A c o r r e s po n d e n t o ft h e Ro m a n
Ca t h o l i c pa pe r c a l l e d t h e Ra n s o m e r , w h o w a s i n a n e x c e l l e n t
po s i t i o n fo r o b t a i n i n ga c c ur a t e i n fo r m a t i o n o n t h e s ub j e c t ,
w r o t e a s fo l l o w s : -
" But h a s t h i s d e v e l o pm e n t o fRi t ua l i s m i n t h e Es t a b l i s h m e n t
s a t i s fi e d s o ul s ,w o n t h e w o r k i n gc l a s s e s ,o r l a s t ,b ut n o t l e a s t , s t a y e d
t h e s t r e a m o fs e c e s s i o n s t o Ro m e ?No t o n e w h i t
. I h a v e n e v e r m e t
a h i gh A n gl i c a n w h o w a s c o n t e n t e d w i t h t h e c o n d i t i o n o fh i s Ch ur c h .
Th e v a s t m ul t i t ud e s o ft h e po o r ,a n d t h e l a b o ur i n gm e n a n d w o m e n
a r e m o r e c o n s pi c uo us t h a n e v e r b y t h e i r a b s e n c e fr o m t h e fun c t i o n s o f
Ri t ua l i s m . A s t o c o n v e r s i o n s [t o Ro m e ]i t i s w e l l k n o w n t h a t n i n e o ut
o fe v e r y d o z e n a r e t h e d i r e c t r e s ul t o fRi t ua l i s t i c t r a i n i n g . "
86
In t h e y e a r a ft e r t h i s t e s t i m o n y w a s w r i t t e n ,t h e Re v . M r .
Wh e l a n ,a Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t ,pr e a c h i n ga t St . Wi l fr i d 's ,
Yo r k ,s a i d
" Ia m b o l d e n o ugh t o s a y h e r e t h a t Ri t ua l i s m i s o n e o fo ur c o n s o l a -
t i o n s , fo r It h i n k i t t o b e t h e Pr e pa r a t o r y Sc h o o l fo r t h e t r a i n i n go f
En gl i s h Ca t h o l i c s .
By Ri t ua l i s m o ur gr e a t d o gm a s a r e t a ugh t t o
t h o us a n d s w h o w o ul d n o t l i s t e n t o us . In Ri t ua l i s m w e h a v e a
po w e r ful s o l v e n t fo r m e l t i n gt h e fr o s t -b o un d t r a d i t i o n s o ft h r e e
c e n t ur i e s . M a n y ,pe r h a ps ,m a y b e h i n d e r e d fr o m fi n d i n gt h e r e a l
h o m e o ft r ut h ,b ut a l a r ge r n um l e r a r e ` ,h e l pe d b y t h i s a ppr o x i m a t i o n
i n e x t e r n a l s ,a n d b e c o m e o b e d i e n t c h i l d r e n o ft h e fa i t h . "
86
Th e Ir i s h Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Re c o r d , t h e o ffi c i a l o r ga n o ft h e
Ro m a n Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t h o o d o fIr e l a n d ,i n i t s i s s ue fo r J ul y ,
i 8gi ,pub l i s h e d a r e m a r k a b l e a r t i c l e o n " Th e Co n v e r s i o n o f
Ib i d . ,p . 85 .

84 Ib i d . ,p .
9 5 .
n Ra n s o m e r , J ul y 2 2 n d ,2 89 3 .
0 6 Ca t h o l i c St a n d a r d , J un e 2 3 r d ,
1 8 9 4 .
3 6 0 SECRET HISTORY OF THE OXFORD M OVEM ENT.
En gl a n d ," w r i t t e n b y a pr i e s t r e s i d i n gi n M a n c h e s t e r . It
s a y s : -
" Th e r e a r e t w o fo r c e s a t w o r k r e ga r d i n gt h e Ca t h o l i c i s m o ft h e
c o un t r y . . . On e i s i n s i d e t h e Ch ur c h ,a n d t h e o t h e r o ut s i d e i t
;
o n e Ca t h o l i c ,t h e o t h e r Pr o t e s t a n t ,t h o ugh Ca t h o l i c i s i n g . Th e
Ri t ua l i s t s ,a n d t h e Ri t ua l i s t s a l o n e ,a r e d o i n ga l l t h a t i s b e i n gd o n e
a m o n gPr o t e s t a n t s . Ho w m a n y pa r s o n s fr o m -Ne w m a n t o Ri v i n gt o n
h a v e b e e n c o n v e r t e d b y pr i e s t s ? Tr ue ,a l l h a v e b e e n r e c e i v e d b y
pr i e s t s . But h o w m a n y h a v e c o n fe s s e d t h e i r o b l i ga t i o n s t o o ur
s e r m o n s o r o ur w r i t i n gs t h a t w e Ca t h o l i c pr i e s t s w e r e i n a n y d e gr e e
a n s w e r a b l e fo r t h e i r c o n v e r s i o n ?Th e Ca t h o l i c i s i n gm o v e m e n t i n
t h e Es t a b l i s h m e n t h a s n o t b e e n t h e r e s ul t o ft h e m i s s i o n a r y a c t i v i t y o f
t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h i n En gl a n d . It i s t r ue t o s a y t h a t c o n v e r t pr i e s t s
r e c e i v e m o r e c o n v e r t s t h a n o t h e r s ,b ut t h a t i s m a i n l y o n a c c o un t o f
pe r s o n a l i n fl ue n c e i n c e r t a i n n o n -Ca t h o l i c qua r t e r s w h e r e w e h a v e n o
a c c e s s ,a s w e l l a s h a v i n ga k e e n e r gr a s po fd i ffi c ul t i e s w h i c h w e n e v e r
fe e l . M e n w h o pa s s t h r o ugh t h e fi r e t h e m s e l v e s a r e go o d gui d e s .
Th i s e x t e r n a l m o v e m e n t i s o fv a s t i m po r t a n c e . A t t h i s h o ur fi v e
t h o us a n d Ch ur c h o fEn gl a n d c l e r gy m e n a r e pr e a c h i n gfr o m a s m a n y
Pr o t e s t a n t pul pi t s t h e Ca t h o l i c fa i t h ( n o t ,i n d e e d ,a s fa i t h ) t o
Ca t h o l i c i s i n gc o n gr e ga t i o n s ,m uc h m o r e e ffe c t i v e l y , w i t h l e s s s us pi c i o n
a n d m o r e a c c e pt a n c e t h a n w e c a n e v e r h o pe t o d o .
Pr o t e s t a n t s i s t e r -
h o o d s a r e d o i n g,w e fe e l s ur e ,t h e b e s t t h e y c a n un d e r t h e c i r c um -
s t a n c e s t o fa m i l i a r i z e t h e Ph i l i s t i n e w i t h Nun s -a n d t h a t i s m uc h
.
Pr o t e s t a n t s o c i e t i e s ,l i k e St . M a r ga r e t 's ,We s t m i n s t e r ,fur n i s h po o r
c o un t r y m i s s i o n s ( t h e r e a r e po o r c o un t r y Pr o t e s t a n t m i s s i o n s ,a n d c i t y
o n e s t o o ) w i t h Bl a c k Ve s t m e n t s fo r Re qui e m s o n A l l So ul s ' . Th i s i s ,
i n d e e d ,a m a t t e r fo r d e v o ut t h a n k ful n e s s . t h e c o ul d d e s i r e n o b e t t e r
pr e pa r a t i o n fo r j o i n i n gt h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h t h a n t h e Ri t ua l i s t s '
Pr e pa r a t o r y Sc h o o l ; a n d t h e fa c t t h a t fr o m t h e m w e h a v e s e c ur e d t h e
m a j o r i t y o fo ur c o n v e r t s , s t r e n gt h e n s us i n o ur v i e w o fi t . "
87
Th e M o n t h , t h e o r ga n o ft h e En gl i s h J e s ui t s ,i n i t s i s s ue
fo r No v e m b e r ,I89 o ,pub l i s h e d a n a r t i c l e o n " Th e Ne w e s t
Fa s h i o n s i n Ri t ua l i s m ," i n w h i c h i t d e c l a r e d t h a t --
" A t a n y r a t e t h e Ri t ua l i s t s a r e d o i n ga go o d w o r k ,w h i c h i n t h e
pr e s e n t s t a t e o ft h e c o un t r y ,Ca t h o l i c s c a n n o t d o i n t h e s a m e pr o po r -
t i o n ; t h e y a r e pr e pa r i n gt h e s o i l a n d s o w i n gt h e s e e d fo r a r i c h
h a r v e s t , w h i c h t h e Ca t h o l i c Ch ur c h w i l l r e a ps o o n e r o r l a t e r
. " 88
~ % Ir i s h Ec c l e s i a s t i c a l Re c o r d ,J ul y ,i 89 r ,p
. 6 4 4 .
w Th e M o n t h , No v e m b e r ,
1 89 0 ,P
.
3 3 3 .
THEDUTYOFSEPARATION.

361
Thereremainsonegreatquestiontobeconsidered
.
Many
willask,Whyshouldtherenotbeamovementforthe
CorporateReunionoftheChurchofEnglandwith the
ChurchofRome?
Whatharmcanitdo? IsnotChristian
unityaChristianduty ?TothisIanswer,thatProtestants,
inobjectingtoReunionwithRome,donotforgetthat
ChristianunityisaChristianduty,butitistobefearedthat
modernRitualistsdoforgetthat separationis justasmucha
Christiandutyasunity.
ItwasbyGod'scommandthat,in
OldTestamenttimes,theJewswereseparatedfromthe
Gentilenations . ThisseparationwasconsideredbyMoses
asaspecialresultofGod'sfavour,whenheaddressedthe
Lordinthesewords
:-"Forwhereinshallitbeknownhere
thatIandThypeoplehavefoundgraceinThysight ? Is
itnotinthatThougoestwithus ? soshallwebe separated,
IandThypeople,fromallthepeoplethatareupontheface
oftheearth
" (Exodusxxxiii . i6) . Itwouldhavebeena
grievousoffenceagainstAlmightyGod,hadtheIsraelites
soughtunitywiththeGentiles,thoughitwasalwaysopento
thelattertoseekunitywiththeformer . AndintheChristian
ChurchthisdutyofseparationisclearlysetforthintheNew
Testament . Howelsearewetoexplainsuchtextsas
" Whereforecomeoutfromamongthem,andbe
ye separate,
saiththeLord,andtouchnottheuncleanthing ; andIwill
receiveyou" (2 Cor . vi . 17) ; and, "Iheardanothervoice
fromheavensaying,Comeoutofhermypeople,thatyebe
notpartakersofhersins,andthatyereceivenotofher
plagues "
(Rev. xviii . 4 ) ?
ItiswisdomforChurches,as
wellasindividualstokeepoutofbadcompany . Wemust
beunitedonlywiththatwhichisgood,andseparatefrom
allthatisevil .
ThewrittenWordofGod,and the
traditionsofmancanneverunitetogether . Protestantism
andPoperymustevermoreremainseparated .
Therearemanyothergraveandweightyreasonsagainst
ReunionwithRome,butitwouldrequireavolumetoexhaust
thesubject . Imay,however,pointout,thatfromamerely
362 SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDMOVEMENT.
worldlypointofviewtherearestrongandsufficientreasons
fortryingtodefeattheschemesoftheEnglishChurch
Unionandkindredsocieties . PoperyisanenemytoNational
Prosperity. Lookingabroadthroughoutthewholeworld,we
findthatPoperydegradesthenations,insteadofraising
themtoahigherlevel . TheRitualistscannotpointtoa
singleRomanCatholiccountrywhichisevenonalevelwith,
muchlesssuperiorto,Protestantcountries
. Onthecon-
trary,PoperyhasdraggeddownSpainfromherproud
eminence,tobethemostdegradedandpoverty-stricken
nationinEurope,exceptingTurkey. IthaskepttheSouth
Americanrepublicsandnationsinastateofdegradation,
immorality,andignorancedeplorabletobehold . Wouldany
EnglishmanwishthisProtestantcountrytobecomewhat
thePapalStateswereunderthetemporalruleofPope
PiusIX. ? WouldEnglishworkingmenwish,toexchange
wageswiththeirbrethreninanyRomanCatholiccountryin
theworld?EverypartofIrelandisunderthesamegovern-
ment . Why,then,isitthattheRomanCatholicportions
ofthatunhappylandarethoseinwhichmorepoverty,
dirt,disloyalty,andignorancearetobefound,thaninthe
Protestantportions ? Theanswertothisquestionmustbe
thatthereligionofPoperyisatthebottomofthismarked
difference . B eforewelistenwithpleasuretotheReunion
withRomeplansoftheRitualists,letuscalmlyconsiderthe
facts,notonlyofhistory,butoftheeverydaylifearoundus
.
WhenwecontrastPopishcountrieswithProtestantlands,
canwedoubtanylongerwhichreligionmostpromotes
NationalProsperity ? Isthereanyvalidreasonforsupposing
thatEnglandwillbecomemoreprosperousifsheforsakes
hercivilandreligiousliberties,andgoesbacktoPapal
bondage,attherequestofLordHalifaxandtheEnglish
ChurchUnion ? Commonsensecananswerthesequestions
inonlyoneway. Protestantismand NationalProsperity
go
together,likeSiamesetwins . Theycannotbeseparated .
Aridletitnotbesaidthatthisisanargumentwhich
OB JECTIONS TO REUNION
WITH ROME.

363
Christians should ignore, for has not the Word of God
taughtusthattrue"Godlinessisprofitableuntoallthings,
havingpromiseofthelifethatnowis,andofthatwhichis
tocome " (rTimothyiv . 8 ) ?
WealsoobjecttoReunionwithRome becausewehave
nothinggoodtogainbyit . AsProtestantswealready
possessthe whole oftheChristianreligion,inthatwe
possesstheB ible
. Whatmoredoweneed ? Oursisthe
religionofSt . Matthew,St . Mark,St . Luke,St
. John,St .
Peter,St. Paul,andtheB lessedVirginMary. Theytaught
nothingbutProtestantism,andnevertaughtevenoneofthe
peculiardoctrinesofRome . OpentheNewTestament,and
ifyouconsulteithertheAuthorizedVersionortheRoman
CatholicversioninEnglish,theresultwillbe thesame
.
Youwillnotdiscoveronewordineitherversionabout
theSupremacyofthePope,orofPapalInfallibility,of
Purgatory,AuricularConfession,theSacrificeoftheMass,
theInvocationofSaints,PrayersfortheDead,Indulgences,
HolyWater,HolyScapulars,HolyWells,HolyB reads,
HolyB eads,oranyoneofthefalsedoctrinesandsuperstitions
ofRomanism,whichhavenowbecomedeartotheheartsof
ourmodernRomanisers
. WhatwillEnglandgainifshetakes
allthesethingsbackagain ? Shewillgainwhatweshould
gainwerewetothrowawaythegoodgoldsovereigns
suppliedtousfromHerMajesty'sMint,andinsteadapply
tothemakersofbadmoneyforasupplyofsovereigns,
madefromaslightquantityofrealgold,andalarge
quantityofbasemetal . Toactlikethisinworldlymatters
wouldbeaccountedfolly
; butisitnotevengreaterfollyto
actsoinspiritualthings?YetthisiswhattheRitualistsare
anxiousforustodo . Andouranswertotheirsolicitations
mustbeasternresolvetoallowof no adulteration ofthe
Christianreligionwhich,thankGod,wepossess . Popery
isthegreatadulteratoroftheChristianreligion . Shehas
nothing
togiveusthatisgoodforthesoulsofmen . What
sheisanxioustodoinProtestantEnglandisWelldescribed
364 SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDMOVEMENT
.
intheB ibleas"makingtheWordofGodofnoneeffect
throughyourtradition
" (Markvii . 13)
;
and " teachingfor
doctrinesthecommandmentsofmen
" (Matt . xv. 9 ) . The
questionbeforeusis,ShallProtestantEnglandsubmitto
befedwiththechaffwhichcomesfromthePope'stable,
whensheisalreadyfedwiththegoodgrainoftheGospel,
ascontainedintheB ible?Ouransweris,that,byGod's
grace,thisthingshallneverbe
. Shame,doubleshame,
ontheRitualistictraitorswhoaretryingtobringusback
toPapalbondage!
Weobjectfurther,totheReunionschemesofthe
Ritualistsbecausetheyare opposedtoourNationalIndepen-
dence,andtoourcivilandreligiousliberties
. Shouldthe
Ritualistssucceed,weshouldhaveagainaRomanCatholic
KingofEngland,andtheunhappydaysofJamesII
. would
berepeated
. B ymeansofhisspiritualweapons,thePope
ofRome,throughtheConfessorsoftheKingandhis
Statesmen,wouldruletheB ritishEmpireintemporalsas
wellasspirituals
. Romehas,duringthepasthalfcentury,
putforthherclaimstotemporalpowerwithahaughtiness
whichwasneverexceededbyaHildebrandoranInnocent
III. ThethroneitselfwouldbeatthemercyofthePope
.
Iknowsomeofmyreaderswillsmileatthis,asthe
utteranceofavisionaryandanalarmist . Yet,forallthis,
Mr . Gladstone'sstatementisliterallytrue
:-"Romehas
refurbished,andparadedanew,everyrustytoolshewas
fondlythoughttohavedisused . " 8 9 ThelateRev . Thomas
FrancisKnox,oftheB romptonOratory,tellsus,inabook
publishedasrecentlyas18 8 2 ,andcompiledattherequest
ofCardinalManning,thatthefollowingdecree,passedat
theFourthCouncilofLateran,isstilla"partofthe
ordinarystatutelawoftheChurch" :-
" Ifatemporallord,afterhavingbeenrequiredandadmonished
bytheChurch,shallneglect to cleansehislandfromheretical
"
RomeandtheNewestFashionsinReligion, bytheRightHon . W. E.
Gladstone,p
. xxvii
.
OUR NATIONALINDEPENDENCEINPERIL .

365
defilement,lethimbeexcommunicatedbythemetropolitanandthe
otherB ishopsoftheprovince . Andifheshallthroughcontemptfail
togivesatisfactionwithinayear,letthisbesignifiedtothe Sovereign
Pontiff,thathemaythereupondeclarehisvassalsabsolvedfrom
allegiancetohim, andofferhislandforseizurebyCatholicsthatthey
may, afterexpellingtheheretics, possessitbyanincontestabletitleand
keepitinthepurityofthefaith . "so
Isitwisetobringaboutastateofthingsinwhichthislaw
maystandachanceofbeingenforced ? Isasystemwhich
stillretainssuchalawtobetrustedbyliberty-lovingEnglish-
men ? Inavolumeofessays,editedbyCardinalManning,
asimilarclaimisputforward,inwhichwereadthat-
"To deposeKingsandEmperorsisasmucharightastoexcom-
municateindividualsandtolayKingdomsunderaninterdict . These
arenoderivedordelegatedrights ; butareoftheessenceofthatRoyal
authorityofChristwithwhichHisVicegerentsoneartharevested . " 9 1
HowcanNationalIndependenceexistwhensuchalawas
thisisenforced ? Therealrulerwouldbe,notthenominal
sovereign,butaforeignpotentatecalledthePope . Mr .
Gladstone'sassertiononthispoint,supportedasitwasby
abundantproofs,shouldnotbeforgotten . " Noone,"he
wrote,"cannowbecomeher[Rome's]convertwithout
renouncinghismoralandmentalfreedom,
andplacinghis
civilloyaltyanddutyatthemercy of another," 9 2 thatis,the
Pope . Mr . Gladstonemadethisstatementin
1
8 74 ,andhas
neverwithdrawnit . B uthasRomeimprovedsinceMr
.
Gladstonewrote?Onthecontrary,thesedisloyalutterances
havebeenre-assertedagainandagainbyhertheologians .
Inthefourtheditionofthe CatholicDictionary,
published
in18 9 3,withthe Imprimatur ofCardinalVaughan,weare
toldwhatistheopiniononthesubjectoftheDeposing
Power now heldbyRomantheologians . Itisstatedthat
thispowerisatpresentfallen"intoabeyance . "B utthat
9 0 RecordsofEnglishCatholics,by ThomasFrancisKnox, D. D . Vol . II. ,
p . xxvii.
9 1
EssaysonReligionandLiterature, editedbyArchbishopManning,p . 4 17
.
Secondseries .
9 2
RomeandtheNewestFashions
ix
Religion,p. xxiv,
366 SECRET HISTORYOFTHEOXFORDMOVEMENT.
isnotthefaultofthePopeandhisparty . Itistheresult
ofthestrongarmofProtestantism . Anyhowthestatement
ofthe CatholicDictionary affordsastrongconfirmationof
Mr . Gladstone'sassertionthat " Romehasrefurbishedand
paradedaneweveryrustytoolshewasfondlythoughtto
havedisused . "
"TheordinaryopinionofRomantheologians maybeseenstatedin
fullinthepagesofFerraris . ` Thecommonopinionteachesthatthe
Popeholdsthepowerofbothswords,thespiritualandthetemporal,
whichjurisdictionChristHimselfcommittedtoPeterandhis
successors . . . . Thecontraryopinionisheldtosavourofthe
hereticalbelief condemnedbyB oniface VIII. i n theConstitution
UnamSanctam
. ' '
Accordingly, unbelievingkingsandprincescan
bedeprivedbythesentenceofthePope, incertaincases,ofthe
dominionwhichtheyhaveoverbelievers ; forinstance,iftheyhave
forciblyseizeduponChristiancountries,orareendeavouringtoturn
theirbelievingsubjectsfromthefaith,andthelake . ' B arbosaandother
Canonistsholdthat ' aKingwhohasbecomeahereticcanberemoved
fromhisKingdombythePope, towhomtherightofelectinga
successorpasses,ifhissonsandkindredarealsoheretics . ' ` Thereis
nothingstrangeinattributingtotheRomanPontiff,astheVicarof
HimWhoseistheearthandthefulnessthereof,theworldandallthat
dwelltherein,thefullestauthorityandpowertolaybare,ajustcause
movinghim,notonlythespiritualbutalsothematerialsword,
andso
totransfersovereignties,breaksceptres,andremovecrowns . ' The
Canonistsproducenumerousinstanceswherethishasbeenactually
done,aswhenGregoryII. deposedtheB yzantineEmperorLeoIll . ;
GregoryVII
. deposedtheEmperorHenryIV. ; InnocentIV. ,inthe
CouncilofLyons,deposedtheEmperorFrederickII . ,& c .
"ThecelebratedConstitution UnamSanctam(130 3) teachesthat
`
bothswords,thespiritualandthematerial,areinthepowerofthe
Church,butthelatteristobewieldedfortheChurch,theformerby
theChurch ; onebythehandofthepriest,theotherbythehandof
Kingsandmagistrates,butatthepleasureandsufferanceofthepriest .
Oneswordmustbeundertheother,andthetemporalauthoritymust
besubjecttothespiritualpower
. "'
9 3
The political aspectofthequestionofCorporateReunion,
setbeforeusintheaboveextracts,isonewhichseemstobe
13
CatholicDictionary,p . 2 8 0 . Fourthedition .
OUR RELIGIOUS
LIB ERTY.

367
almostentirelyignored ; yetitisonewhicheverypatriotic
Englishmanwoulddowelltoconsider . TheChurchof
Romeisnotonlyareligiousbody,sheisalsoapolitical
poweraswell ; and,therefore,hertwofoldcharactermust
betakenintoview. Aproposal,whichshouldinvolvethe
bestowalontheEmperorofRussiaoftherighttodepose
ourQueenfromherthrone,wouldatoncebereprobatedby
allloyalEnglishmen . Whyshouldaproposal,suchasthat
oftheRitualists,whichinvolvestherightofthePopeto
deposetheQueen,bethoughtofmorehighly ? Alltrue
friendsofour NationalIndependencewill, therefore,oppose
theRitualisticplansforCorporateReunionwithRome .
WearealsoopposedtoCorporateReunionwithRome
becauseitwouldcertainlyleadtothe deathofourReligious
Liberty. The " womandrunkenwiththebloodofthe
saints " (Rev
. xvii . 6) hasnotlosthercruelnature
. She
hasslainthesaintsofGodwiththeswordandfire,andhas
neverrepentedofhercrimesandwickedness . Hasshe
everexpressedsorrowforburningtodeathourProtestant
Martyrs ? Thehistoryofmanycenturiesisredwiththe
bloodshehasshed . Istherenofeelingofshameleftin
thoseRitualistswhopleadforCorporateReunionwith hey ?
IfRomehadceasedtobewhatsheoncewas,wewouldnot
bringherpastcrimesandmurderstoherremembrance .
B utinthispoint,alas ! morethaninanyother,sheis
indeed sewheyeadent . Herpersecutinglawsarestillthe
sameaswhenintheDarkAgesherinfernalInquisition
performed,unhindered,itsbloodthirstywork . Themodern
authoritiesoftheChurchofRomestillgloryinthe
intolerantworkoftheirChurchinthosedays . Theleading
quarterlyjournalofthatCommunioninthiscountry,as
recentlyas18 77,said :--
" It would have been a
kind
of
ingratitude
and treachery to Jesus
Christ Himself-we may almost say it would have exhibited
the
implicit spirit of apostasy-had the hideousness of sectarianism
been
permitted [in the Dark Ages] to sully the fair form of Catholic
unity,
368
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDMOVEMENT.
hadheresybeenpermittedtopoisonthepureairofCatholictruth .
. . .
Sofarisanyapologyfrombeingneededforthethenexistent
intoleranceofhereticsthat,onthecontrary,anapologywouldbenow
neededfortheMediceval Church-and wouldindeednotveryeasilybe
forthcoming-had
shetoleratedtheneglectofsuchintolerance . . . .
Andweneedhardlyadd-thoughwewillnotdwellonthis-that
thesameprinciple,whichappliedtoMedicevalEurope,appliesin
itsmeasuretoanycontemporarycountry, suchasSpain,inwhich
Catholicityhasstillentirepossessionofthenationalmind . "9 4
Thisisafairwarning,whichmightwellsetRitualistic
Reunioniststhinking . Itisconfirmedbythetestimonyof
amodernJesuitProfessor,whomCardinalNewmantermed
" agreatauthority " and " oneofthefirsttheologiansofthe
day,"thelateRev. EdmundJ . O'Reilly, s . J . , whohadbeen
aProfessoratMaynoothCollege,andatSt . B runo's
College,NorthWales
. ProfessorO'Reillydeclaredthat-
"Theprinciple[of"libertyofconscience"]isonewhichisnot,
andneverhasbeen, andneverwillbe, approvedbytheChurchof
Christ
. "9 s
AnotherlateProfessorofMaynoothCollege,theRev
.
T. Gilmartin,isequallystronginhisdenunciationsof
libertyofconscience .
"TheState,"hewrites,"canpunishheresyasanevilinitself
andasanoffenceagainsttheChurch, andtheChurchcanrequire
theassistanceoftheStateinsuppressingheresy, ifitsinterference
bedeemednecessaryforthegoodofsociety. "9 6
Anothercontemporarypriest,whohasbeenmadea
MonsignorbythepresentPope(LeoXIII
. ) ,arguesstrongly
againstallowing"politicalLibertyofConscience"inRoman
Catholiccountries . " How,"heasks, " couldtheCatholic
Stateallowthisso-calledLibertyofConscience ?
Aswell
mightyouaskapersontoallowpoisontobeintroducedin
S4
DublinReview, January, 18 77,p .
39 .
9 5
TheRelations of theChurchtoSociety,by EdmundJ . Reilly,
s . j . , pp. iii . ,
2 73 . London,18 9 2
.
9 5
ManualofChurchHistory,by theRev . T. Gilmartin
. Vol. II. ,p . 2 2 8 .
Dublin,18 9 2 .
CANON MELVILLE'S
WARNING WORDS.

369
hisbody. Doyousay,whatacruelandbigotedthingfor
theCatholicChurchandStatetoputdownheresy?We
onlyaskyoutoallowtheCatholicStatetherightnoman
willdenyhimselforhisneighbour,torejectpoisonfromhis
system . "sr Ineedhardlyaddherethat the
. State canonly
"putdownheresy"byphysicalforce
. Again,thisMon-
signorremarks :
"Ifto-morrowtheSpanishGovernment,
asadvisedbytheCatholicChurch,
weretoseethatagreater
evilwouldensuefrom
granting religiouslibertythanfrom
refusing it,
thenitwouldhaveaperfectrighttorefuseit . Of
coursetheProtestantPresswouldteemwithcharges
ofintolerance ; andweshouldreply
: TOLERATION
TO PROTESTANTS IS
INTOLERANCE TO
CATHOLICS. "
9 8
Now, theRitualistsknowallthisverywell,justasmuch
asyouorIdo
; yet,strangetorelate,theirdearestambition
istoplaceEnglishChurchmenundertheruleofthiscruel
andintolerantChurch . Aretheynot,inthis,realfoesof
ourreligiousliberties
? Thefaithfulandeloquentwarning
ofthelateCanonMelvillemaywellbequotedhere
:-
"
Makepeace,ifyouwill,withPopery ;
receiveitintoyourSenate ;
shrineitinyourchurches ;
plantitinyourhearts . B utbeyecertain,
ascertainasthatthereisaheavenaboveyou,andaGodoveryou,
thatthePoperythushonouredandembracedistheveryPoperythat
wasloathedanddegradedbytheholiestofyourfathers
: thesamein
haughtiness,thesameinintolerance,whichlordeditoverKings,
assumedtheprerogativeofDeity,crushedhumanliberty,andslewthe
SaintsofGod . "
Andnow,inbringingthisvolumetoaclose,Iwould
nameonelastandcrowningreasonagainstadoptingthe
ReunionPlanofCampaignoftheRitualists . Theywish
ourChurchandnationtobejoinedoncemore,ina
Corporatecapacity,withtheChurchofRome
. Theydo
9 7
Liberty
ofConscience,
bytheRev . WalterCrokeRobinson,p . 2 2 .
London
:
TheCatholicTruthSociety.
9 e
Ibid. ,p. 2 4 .
2 4
370 SECRET HISTORY OF THE
OXFORD MOVEMENT.
not,asa,preliminarycondition,requiretheChurchofRome
topurgeherselfofasingleoneofherfalsedoctrines . They
donotseek-thoughthatwouldbeavaintask-toraiseher
tothehigherleveloftheReformedChurchofEngland ;
buttheyseektodragdowntheChurchofEnglandtothe
leveloftheChurchofRome . Itisanunholytaskwhich
theyhaveundertaken,onwhichthesmileandblessingof
AlmightyGodcannotbeexpectedtorest
. Incommonwith
mostofthelearnedDivinesoftheChurchofEnglandsince
theReformationand-aswehaveseen-inaccordancewith
theteachingofherHomilies,weobjecttoReunionwiththe
Papacybecause the
ChurchofRomeistheB abylonofthe
Revelation. Thishasbeenmostclearlyandconclusively
provedinthatbrief,able,unanswered,andunanswerable
treatiseofthelateB ishopChristopherWordsworth, of
Lincoln,entitled :-UnionwithRome :IsnottheChurchof
RometheB abylonoftheApocalypse ?"I cannottoourgently
pressuponmyreadersthegreatadvantageofreadingthis
shillingbook . Itwasnotwrittenbyan Evangelical
Churchman,butbyoneoftheold-fashionedHighChurch
School,onewhosegreatlearningisacknowledgedbyall
scholars . HeprovesthattoexpecttheReformationofthe
ChurchofRomeistogocontrarytothespiritofthe
Revelation
. Herhopelessdoomistobe" burntwithfire . "
ShewillbeB abylonevenuntotheend .
"Nearlyeighteencenturies,"writesB ishopWordsworth,"have
passedawaysincethe Holy
Spiritprophesied,bythemouthofSt .
John,thatthisMysterywouldberevealedinthatcitywhichwasthen
theQueenoftheEarth,theCityonSeven Hills-theCityofRome .
"
TheMysterywasthendark,darkasmidnight . Man'seyecould
notpiercethegloom
. Thefulfilmentoftheprophecyseemed
improbable-almostimpossible .
Ageafteragerolledaway. B y
degreesthemistswhichhungoveritbecamelessthick
. Theclouds
begantobreak . SomefeaturesofthedarkMysterybegantoappear,
dimlyatfirst,thenmoreclearly,likeMountainsatdaybreak . Then
theformoftheMysterybecamemoreandmoredistinct . TheSeven
Hills,andtheWomansittinguponthem,becomemoreandmore
"COMEOUTOFHER,MY PEOPLE. "
visible . Hervoicewasheard . Strangesoundsofblasphemywere
mutteredbyher. Thentheybecamelouderandlouder . Andthe
goldenchaliceinherhand,herscarletattire,herpearlsandjewels
wereseenglitteringinthesun . KingsandNationsweredisplayed
prostrateatherfeet,anddrinkinghercup. Saintswereslainbyher
sword,andsheexultedoverthem . Andnowtheprophecybecame
clear,clearasnoon-day ; andwetrembleatthesight,whileweread
theinscription,emblazonedinlargeletters, ` MYSTERY,B AB YLONTHE
GREAT,' writtenbythehandofSt . John,guidedbytheHolySpiritof
God,ontheforeheadofthe CHURCHOFROME. "9 9
Andnowweknow,inanutshell,whattheRitualistic
Conspiracyreallymeans . Whatthefuturemaybringforth
Godonlyknows . B utwhatthedutyofallloyalChurchmen
is,isclearandevident . Wemustraiseoncemorethegood
oldwarcry,
"No
PEACE WITH RoME. " WhileLord
Halifaxandhisfollowerswouldleadusastrayfromthe
goodoldwaysofourforefathers,intoopenrebellionagainst
therevealedwillofGod,letushearkentoGodratherthan
toman .
AndHiscrytooneandallisnottojointhe
ChurchofRome,buttoseparateourselvesasfaraspossible
fromher. ThecommandofGodtheHolyGhostis,
"COMEOUTOFHER,MYPEOPLE,THATYEB E
NOT PARTAKERSOFHER SINS, ANDTHATYE
RECEIVENOTOFHERPLAGUES
.
FORHER
SINS HAVE REACHED UNTO
HEAVEN,
AND
GODHATHREMEMB EREDHERINIQUITIES"
(Rev
. xviii
. 4 ,5 ) .
FortheChurchofEnglandletourprayerbe :-
God Godsendherswiftdeliverancefromtheplagueswhichvexhernow,
Godhealthediscordinherheart,andchasethetroublefromher
brow !
Andwhenherpenalhourhathpast,andpurgedherfromhersin,
Restoreherprosperousstatewithout,andherpeaceandjoywithin
.
"
Wordsworth's UnionwithRon :e,p. 6z . Eleventhedition . London :
Longmans,
18 9 3-
2 4
37 1
372
SECRETHISTORYOFTHEOXFORDMOVEMENT
.
•

Godgiveherwaveringclergybackthathonestheartandtrue,
Whichoncewastheirs,erePopishfrauditsspellsaroundthem
threw ;
Norletthembarterwifeandchild,brighthearthandhappyhome,
ForthedrunkenblissofthestrumpetkissoftheJezebelofRome
.
•

AndGodconsoleallholyhearts,nowyearningfortheday,
WhenthisblackcloudshallpassatlengthfromEngland'sskies
away !
Godhelpusalltostrugglestill,withpatienceandwithmight,
Againstdarkness,lies,andbondage,forFreedom,Truth,and
Light !
"
AndGodforgivethefallenones-bytheirownweakhearts
betrayed,
Andconvertthemisbeliever,andreclaimtherenegade
AndGodunitethegoodandtrue,thefaithfulandthewise,
TilltheDayspringcomeonthenightofRome,andtheSunof
Trutharise"!
10 0
'ooMoultrie'sAltars,Hearths,andGraves,p . 65 .
Edition,18 5 4
.
APPENDIX.
WHATTHERITUALISTSTEACH.
I
HAVE
beenrequestedtogive,asanappendix,aseries
ofclassifiedquotationsshowing
" WhattheRitualists
Teach
"intheirpublishedwritings .
Forthispurpose
Ihavetakennothingatsecondhand
. Ihaveexaminedthe
originalofeveryauthoritycited,andhavecarefullyexamined
thecontextofeachquotation .
Unlikethequotationsinthe
bodyofthisbook,thosegiveninthisappendixarefreefrom
anyitalicsinsertedbymyself
. Whereitalicsoccurthey
arethoseoftheauthorcited
. Itishopedthatthis
collectionofquotationsmaybeusefulforreference,and
forthispurposeithasbeenmadeintentionallylengthy.
THEB IB LE.
"The
recollectionoftheseeventsshouldsufficetoprovethe
mistakeofsupposingthattheSacredScriptures,withoutnoteor
comment,inthehandsofall,areasufficientguidetotruth ; the
B iblethususedisnotuselessonly,butdangeroustomoralityand
truth
. "-Golden Gate, bytheRev . S. B aring-Gould,RectorofLew
Trenchard,PartI . ,p . 177
. Edition,18 75 .
"Whetheradogmaticcreedorbeliefintheinfallibilityofabook
[theB ible],furnishthebestgroundsofreligionmaybedoubted,but
whatiscertainis,thattheformeristhetoughest,ifonlybecause
leasteasilyprovedfalse
. AmanmaybelieveinGod,becausehe
feelsthattheworldisanenigmawithoutthatkey,anditisimpossible
todemonstratethenon-existenceofaGod . B utifaman'sfaithis
374
APPENDIX.
pinnedtoadocument,andthatdocumentbeprovedtohaveflawsin
it,awaygoeshis faith . "-GermanyPastandPresent, byRev . S.
B aring-Gould,Vol . I. ,p . 19 3 . Edition18 79 .
"TheCrucifixshouldbethefirstlessonbookfortheir[English
HomeMissionaries]disciples,andtheHolyScripturesmustnever
beputintothehandsofunbelievers
. "-Union Review
for18 67,
P
. 13-
"GraduallyithadcometobetakenforgrantedthattheHoly
ScripturesweresufficientforourguidancewithouttheChurch's
teaching,andthatChristianmenwerejustifiedindrawingtheir
religiousfaithdirectlyifnotexclusivelyfromthatsource . Hencean
endlessvarietyofsects . "-Union Review for18 65 ,p . 14 8 .
"TheChurchisnottheambassadoronly,buttheplenipotentiary
ofGodintheworld : thecredentialsofaplenipotentiarymayserve
toidentifyhim,andeventomapoutforhimhispolicy,buthisname
impliesanauthorityunlimitedbyanyinstructionsorcredentials
; and
itmustbeborneinmindthatthecredentialsofanambassadorserve
forhisintroductiononly,notforfutureuse ; andhisinstructions,if
hehasany,areforhisownprivateandsecretperusal,notforthe
inspectionofthosewithwhomhetreats . Whethertheadvocatesof
B iblicalsupremacyasagainstChurchauthorityarewillingtoaccept
ametaphorwhichsoinadequatelysuitstheirpurposeisamatter
aboutwhichtherecannotbemuchdoubt . "-Union Review for18 70 ,
p. 2 9 8 .
"ToheartheChurchwastoheartheB ibleinitstruestandonly
truesense . WasitnotanabuseoftheB ibletosendshiploadsof
copiesacrosstheseastoconvertthenations ? "- SpeechoftheRev .
R. RhodesB ristow,Vicar of St . Stephen's,Lewisham, atameetingof
theEnglishChurchUnion,January2 2 nd,18 9 o . Reportedinthe
Church
UnionGazette, March, 18
9 0 p.
9 9 .
"TheB ibleisnotthe sole and only Ruleof Faith . "-Paper
read
lyMr . H. IV. Hill, atameetingoftheChiswickB ranchofthe
EnglishChurchUnion,February3rd,18 9 0 .
Reportedin Church
UnionGazette, May,18 9 0 ,p . 15 3
.
"NorisitanyinfringementofthereverenceduetotheB ible,as
God'sWord,todeclareopenlyanddistinctlythat` B ibleChristianity'
isaninventionoftheDevil,havingforitsobjecttoobstructand
defeatGod'sWordunderthehypocriticalpretenceofloveandzeal
forHis Word . "-ChurchReview, July12 th,18 62 ,p . 4 2 7 .
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.
375
"The CatholicChurchisalwaysintime(aswellasindegree)
beforethe
B ible . "-Church Review, October8 th,18 64 ,p . 9 8 9 .
" AfaithappealingtotheB ibleonlycanfindnofirmresting
place. "-On
theUseandAbuseoftheB ible, bytheRev. Thomas
Robinson,M. A. , p. 2 7 . London :ChurchPrintingCo .
" TheChurchdidnotgiveustheB iblethatwemight eachtakehis
ownreligionfromit . We take ourreligionfromtheChurch,which
isliving ; thenwe prove it,ifwewill,fromtheHolyB ible . "-
St
. Andrew,Worthing,ParishMagazine, December,
1 8 9 3,p
. 3-
" OurB lessedLorddidnotintendanywrittendocumenttobethe
basisoftheFaithHefounded . "-Christ Church,Doncaster,
Parish
Magazine, March, 18
9 5 .
THEB OOKOFCOMMONPRAYER.
" Iwouldonlyurgethatweshouldnotonthisaccountignorethe
seriouscharacteroftheactualchangesmade[intheLiturgybythe
Reformersinthesixteenthcentury],ordeclinetodoourverybestto
getthemremedied
. Themorereallysecurewefeelastotheposition
oftheEnglishChurch,themorewillingweshouldbetoacknowledge
itsshortcomings
. "-Lord
Halifax, inthe Lord'sDayandtheHoly
Eucharist,p . 2 7 . London,18 9 2 .
" HowhasitbeenpossiblethatCatholics-notultra-Catholics,but
Catholicsteachingthedoctrinesandobservingtheritualofthe
UniversalChurch-havebeen,andtosomeextentstillare,subjectto
suspicionandill-treatmentinaNationalChurchprofessingto
beCatholic,andacknowledgingtheauthorityof` theChurch,'and
referring,astoastandard,totheusagesofthePrimitiveChurch ?
Theanswer,itisfeared,tothesequestionsmustbe,thatthese
troubleshavetheirorigininthedefectsoftheEnglishServiceB ook
;
inthefactthatourReformers,withacleardutymarkedout,went
beyondthelinewhichthefingerofdutymarkedout,andthus
entailedupontheReformedChurchaheritageofweaknessand
indecision . "-The Rev. E. W. Sergeant, inthe Lord'sDayandthe
HolyEucharist,p . 12 0 .
" Whybringintosuchmarkedprominence[intheCommunion
Service]thetitle` TheLord'sSupper,'anamefortheEucharistof
comparativelyinfrequentuseandofdoubtfulapplicabilitytothe
376
APPENDIX.
actualrite ?
. .
. Laudableasthemotivemayhavebeen,theeffect
hasbeendisastrous,moredisastrousperhapsthananyoftheother
Liturgicalchanges,sinceithasgivenoccasiontoignorantandheretical
writerstorepresentour ` CommunionService'assomething
genericallydifferentfromthe` Mass,'whereasitisnothinglessthan
thesamethinginanother form. "-Ibid . , pp. 12 1,12 2 .
"
Whatacontrastbetweenthecarefulinstructionsandthebeautiful
preparatoryofficeforthepriestprovidedinalltheoldEnglishService
B ooks,intheRomanandmostoftheGreek,andtheutterabsence
ofanysuchprovisionintheB ookofCommonPrayer! Notaword
aboutvesting,oraboutthereverentandcarefulpreparationofthe
elements :
notasyllabletocorrespondtotheminuteandexhaustive
CautelcMissce oftheoldbooks .
"-Ilid . ,p . izz .
"
B esidesthesenumerousadmissions,our[Communion]Office
has,itmustbesaid,otherfaults . Thechiefandmostobviousis,that
itsadlyobscurestheoblation . "-Ibid . ,p .
12 7 .
"
Isitpossible,witheveryallowancefortheirdifficultposition,to
acquitourReformersofcausingneedlessoffence(tosaythe very least)
when,notcontentingthemselveswithalibertywhichtheyexercised
totheveryvergeoflicenseinthewayofexpurgationandmodification,
theycutupandresetwithnottooskilfulhandsthesplendidmosaic
oftheancientservice,sothattheveryoutlinesoftheoldpatternare
barelyrocognisable? "-Ibid
. , p.
13r
.
"
Goodmencannotunderstandthatweshouldnotbeperfectly
satisfiedwiththingsastheyare, ` apostolicorderandevangelictruth,'
accordingtothefavouriteformulary,andbewillingtofighta
tremendousfightfortheretentionofalltheRubrics, totidemverbis.
Wearenottobescandalized,itseems,bysuchextraordinarydirections
aswearealmostashamedtoquote,butwhereistheuseofclosingour
eyeswilfullytofacts ?` Andthereshallbenocelebrationofthe
Lord'sSupper,excepttherebeasufficientnumbertocommunicate
withthePriest, accordingtohisdiscretion
. Andif
therebenotabove
twentypersonsintheParish ofdiscretiontoreceivetheCommunion,
thereshall
benoCommunion,exceptfour,orthreeattheleast,
communicatewiththePriest
. ' Therecanbenomistakingthe
meaningofthat-theintention
. Itwastotakeaway,toextirpateas
asfarasmightbe,thenotionoftheSacrifice
! Andthissettingat
noughtbyauthorityoftheprimaryactofCatholicworshipfromthe
daysoftheApostlesdownwards,istobemildlyacquiescedin,oreven
WHAT THERITUALISTS TEACH.
377
bravelybattledfor .
No,thatisaskingrathertoomuch
. Howcan
Catholicsbesupposedtosupportthis ? Howcantheyhidetheir
lightunderabushel,forthesakeofconciliatingsoundAnglicanswho
donotbelieveinthePresenceandtheSacrifice? Aretheynot obliged
toprotestagainstarulewhichisnotadeadletter,butstilltakesaway
theDailySacrificefromalmostallouraltars,whichrendersthe
offeringatleastuncertaininmostofourchurches,whichstripsthe
countrypriestofhisrighttocommunicateinhisvillagechurch,with
thewholeChurchthroughouttheworld,unlessthreeProtestant
clodhoppershappentobeofhiswayofthinking! . . . Yettherule
inquestionissimplyodiousinitself,andwecannotfightforits
retentioninordertogratifymoderates
.
WebelievetheB lessed
SacramenttobethedailyFoodofthepriestofGod,andbythis
obnoxiousRubricheisstrippedofhisheritage . "-Union Review for
18 65 ,pp . 619 ,6zo .
"Weventuretosay,heresyhasbeenpracticallytriumphantfor
threehundredyearstogether,throughthePrayerB ook . Itwas
designedtobeso,andithasbeen so . "-Ibid. ,p . 62 1 .
"
Wecannotallowittobethoughtthatwearesatisfiedwiththe
PrayerB ookasitis . Itwouldnotbehonestnottosaythatweaim
atnothingshortofCatholicRestoration,andasonesteptothis,at
theexcisionofthesegrievousRubrics,and,alittlelater,atthe
modificationoftheseambiguousArticles,iftheyaretoberetainedat
all . "-Ibid. , p . 62 2 .
"Wecannotandwewillnottamelyaccepttheillogicaland
incompletesystemwhichtheReformershaveleftusinthePrayer
B ookasitis .
Ithasbeentriedforthreehundredyearsandfound
wanting . "-Ibid . ,p . 6z6 .
` °Andwhenwerememberthatthisessentialservice[Sacrificeof
Mass]wastakenawaybytheunhappy,thepresumptuousRubrics
wehavecited,welackwordstoexpressoursenseofmoral
indignationatthedaringofthemenwhoframedthem . B utpeace
bewiththem !
Theyknewnobetter .
MayGodbemercifulto
theirsouls ! "-
Ibid . , p. 630 .
378
APPENDIX.
THETHIRTY-NINEARTICLES.
"Thehalf-abrogated Articles ` cracked andstrained by three
centuries of
evasiveingenuity,' arerather a trashy foundation for
anything. "-Rev. H. H. Henson,VicarofB arking, in Guardian,
August2 4 th,18 9 2 ,p
. 12 5 1 .
" Of course,therehasbeenalargepartywhoswearbythem[the
Thirty-nineArticles],andtheexistenceofwhoseformsofbeliefin
theChurchofEnglandisguaranteedbytheirbeingretained ; butit
isimpossibletodenythattheycontainstatements,orimplications
thatareverballyfalse,andothersthatareverydifficulttoreconcile
withtruth . InthetimesthatarecomingovertheChurchofEngland,
thequestionwillarise,WhatservicehavetheArticlesoftheChurch
ofEnglandeverdone, . . . B eforeunionwithRomecanbeeffected,
theThirty-nineArticlesmustbewhollywithdrawn . "- Christian
Remembrancer,No . 131, p. 18 8 .
"B ywayofsuggestingsomethingpracticalourselves,wewillin
thispaperrecommend,asafirstand essential preliminarytowards
theReunionofChristendom,thetotalabolitionoftheThirty-nine
Articles . "-UnionReview, for18 70 ,p . 2 8 9 .
" Some[oftheThirty-nineArticles]containstatementswhichare
unintelligible ; inthecaseofothers,oneistemptedtowishthatthe
statementswereunintelligibleornonsensicalinordertoescapethe
disagreeableimpressionoftheirbeing-well,trulyProtestant ; others
containcontradictions,orqualificationswhicheviscerateordestroy
whathasgonebefore : therearestatementsoffactswhicharenot
whollyindisputable ; therearetrivialpointsofChristiandisciplineor
ofevery-daylife,whichderogatefromtheimportanceandvalueofa
confessionoffaith . Meanwhile,withallthesedefectsandblemishes,
theThirty-nineArticlescontinuetobeparadedas
the authoritative
standardofAnglicandoctrine,andtheyareimposedasaheavyyoke
upontheconsciencesofallwhowouldserveintheministryofthe
Church. Andweventuretoassertthatoneofthemostimperative
reformsintheChurchofEnglandisthetotalabolitionofthese
Thirty-nine
Articles . "-Ibid . , p. 2
9 4 -
11
WemaintainthatsolongasthisArticle[ArticleVI
. ]remains
amongtheformulariesoftheChurchofEngland,solongwillthere
beaninsuperablebartoanyunionorfusionoftheChurchofEngland
withtherestoftheCatholicfamily. TheArticledistinctlyignores
Tradition,anditpositivelyaffirmsprivatejudgment . "-Ibid
. ,p . 2
9 5 .
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.

3i9
" Of
all the obstacles and hindrances
to reunion with Rome,
probablythegreatestisthatratherunwieldycompilationknownas
theThirty-nineArticles,somewhatfacetiouslycalledthe` Forty
Stripessaveone
. "'-Church Review, November12 th,18 64 ,p. 112 7 .
"HowstrangeitseemsthatinourPrayerB ookweshouldpray
thatallChristians` mayagreeinthetruthofGod'sHolyWord,and
liveinunityandgodlylove,'whenintheverysamebook-inthe
Articles-theRomanChurchischargedwith ` superstitions' and
` vaininventionscontrarytotheWordofGod'(see
ArticlesXXII. ,
XXVIII. ,& c . ) .
Weneednotwonderatsuchincongruityin15 72 -
butthowlong? "-OliveLeaf, byRev. W
. WyndhamMalet,Vicarof
Ardeley,p . 5 o .
"Doubtlessthey[Thirty-nineArticles]areArticlesofPeace,and
havealwaysbeenintendedtobeconstruedlargelyandcharitably,so
astosquarewith` TheFaithoncedeliveredtotheSaints' ; butthe
primafacie aspectofmorethanoneofthemisnothinglessthan
mosterroneous . Toturnatoncetoperhapsthemostobnoxious,the
Twenty-fifth.
Wearetheretold,tothehorrorofthatvaluable
periodical,the UnionChretiennes, thatthefivegreatSacramental
Ordinances-Confirmation,Penance,Orders,Matrimony,andExtreme
Unction-havegrown` partlyofthecorruptfollowingoftheApostles . '
Whatasingularassertion,onlytobeunderstoodinanysenseofone
outofthefive (Extreme Unction) ,andinthatcasesurelyaverybold
anduncalled-fordenunciationofaforeignpractice
.
Thenthereis
theThirty-first,whichseemstocomeveryneardenyingthe
EucharisticSacrifice . .
. Thefactis,then,Imustconcludethatthe
soonerweareridoftheThirty-nineArticlesthebetter
.
Wecan,
andwemust,anddoputaCatholicinterpretationonthemasthey
are,butthisisonlymakingthebestofabad matter. "-Letterofthe
Rev
. ArcherGurney,CurateinChargeofRhayader, in Church
Review,
January3rd,18 63,pp
. 9 , 10 -
11 AlmostallsincereReunionistswouldallowthatwhatever
temporaryadvantagesaccruedfromthesettingforthoftheThirty-
nineArticlesthreecenturiesago,verygreatpermanentdisadvantages
havefollowedfromtheircontinuedretentionintheEnglishChurch
since .
Theyhavedonelittlegoodathomeanduntoldmischief
abroad .
FortherearesomeArticleswhich,unlesstheirlanguageis
dulyweighedandcarefullyexplained,soundverystartlinginthe
earsofforeignCatholics,whetherGreeksorLatins : anddomoreto
38 0

APPENDIX.
rendertheideaofcorporateReunionimpracticablethananything
else. Oflateyears,however,somanycontradictoryexplanationsof
themhavebeengiven-Sharpe,andTomline,Hey,Newman,and
HaroldB rowne,havesogreatlyshatteredpeople's
belief inthem-that
atthepresenttime,asthe Christian Remembrancer hasmorethan
oncedeclared,theymightbequietlysetaside,tothegreatadvantage
ofreligionandmoralityintheChurchof England. "-Church
News,
Augustzist,18 67,p . 367 .
REUNIONWITHROME
.
"
WehavenowishtorevilethefaithofRomanCatholics,forit
is
thesamefaithasourown ; wehavenowishtoinsulttheirworship,
forweworshipGodinthesameEucharist
; andasforthosepractical
evilswhichdisfiguretheirfaithandworship,webelievethatintelligent
RomanCatholics,intheirinmosthearts,thinkmuchthesameabout
thesethingsaswedoourselves
. Therealdifferenceinmattersof
faithbetweenasincereandintelligentRomanCatholicandaCatholic-
mindedmemberoftheChurchofEnglandisthemerestshadowofa
shade. EachreferstoHolyScripture,eachreferstothehistoryof
theChurchthroughitseighteencenturiesofexistence,astherealtest
ofthetruthofitsdoctrines,andthedifferencebetweenthemcannot
thereforebegreat
. Thespiritofschismwouldleadeachtomagnify
differencetothegreatestpossibleextent,butthespiritofChristian
faithandlovewillleadtoadifferentconclusion
. Twothingswe
knowforcertain,viz . , first, thatCatholicUnityisaplainChristian
duty ; and, secondly, thattherecanbenosuchthingasCatholicUnity
withouttheB ishopofRomeasthelawfulPrimateandPresidentof
Christendom . Letusmaintainanddeclarethesetruthsfranklyand
fearlessly. "-Catholic Unity, bytheRev
. EdwardStuart,Perpetual
CurateofSt
. MaryMagdalene,MunsterSquare,London,p
. 79 .
London,18 67 .
" Of coursetothosewhosecryis'NopeacewithRome,'andwhose
gloryisintheshameofdividedChristendom,it
[i . e . , CorporateRe-
union]isathingasincredibleashateful,thewishthatitmayeverbe
soisfathertothethought ;
buttoothersIwouldsay,doremember
thatevennowthereisunion,althoughunhappilynotvisibleand
corporate . . Whatwehavetostriveandprayfor,istherestora-
tionoftheoutward,visible,corporatemanifestationofthatunity
. Do,
brethren,considerseriouslythesethings,andbenotledawaybyblind
WHAT THERITUALISTS TEACH.

38 1
prejudice,andbythatinsensateoutcryagainstRomeandPopery
. "-
DisunionandReunion,p
.
14
.
ASermonbytheRev . C. J . LeGeyt,
IncumbentofSt . Mathias',StokeNewington .
" TheCouncilofTrentisnotaninsurmountableobstacletoReunion
[withtheChurchofRome],butthatitmaybesoexplainedthatwe
couldreceive it. "-Dr . PuseyinhisLetteraddressedtotheEditorof
johnB ull,
anddatedDecember7th,18 65 .
" B utthey[Anglicans]shouldknowwell,andneverforget,thatfor
theEnglishChurchCorporateReunionwithoutReunionwithRome
is,ifnotanimpossibility,astepnottobedesired . "-ReunionMagazine,
No
. 1, p. 5 .
" Istillfeel,thatasmatterofdoctrine,thatisofbelief,thedifference
betweenwhatisheldbyEnglishChurchmenandwhatisheldby
RomanCatholics,is infinitesimal . "-ReminiscencesoftheOxford
Movement, byRev. T
. Mozley,formerlyRectorofPlymtree,Vol . II. ,
p. 38 6 . Secondedition .
" Itismostrefreshingtofindthatthedoctrinaldifferenceswhich
separatetheRomanandAnglicanCommunionsdisappearwhen
viewedinthelightofunimpassionedinquiry
. "-Union Review,
for
18 68 ,p. 363 .
THEPOPE'SINFALLIB ILITY,PRIMACYAND
SUPREMACY.
"
IusedtobeasopposedtothedoctrineofPapalInfallibilityasit
waspossibleforanyonetobe . Deeperreflectionhas,however,con-
vincedmethatthereisreallynothinginittowhichexceptionneedbe
taken. GrantinganadministrativeheadofthewholeCatholicChurch,
grantingaPrimateofChristendom,bythesamerighteventhatthe
ArchbishopsofCanterburyprofesstobePrimatesoftheEnglish
Church-namely,'byDivineProvidence,'itissurelyonlyreasonable
tobelievethat,ifthisheadoftheUniversalChurchweretoteach
excathedra, orauthoritatively,anythingpertainingtofaithormorals,to
thewholeflockofGod,ofwhichheisthechiefshepherduponearth,
hewouldmostsurelybeguidedbytheHolyGhostinsuchawayas
nottoteachSatan'slieinsteadofthetruthofGod . Thisistheway
inwhichIshouldfeeldisposedtounderstandtheVaticandecree .
Andsofarfromseeinganythinginconsistentwithreason,orhistory,
38 2

APPENDIX.
orHolyScripture,ortheCatholicFaith,inthatdecree,thusunder-
stood,itappearstomethatnaturalpietyitself,andabeliefinGod's
providentialguidanceofHisChurch,wouldleadustoaccept it . "-
Rev. ThomasIV. Mossman,RectorofTorrington, in ChurchReview,
November3rd,18 8 2 ,p
. 5 3i .
" Itisquitetruethatwedonotassumeanattitudeofindependence
towardstheHolySee. Wefranklyacknowledgethat,inthe
ProvidenceofGod,theRomanPontiffisthefirstB ishopinthe
Church,and,therefore,itsvisibleheadonearth . Wedonotbelieve
thateithertheEmperorofRussiaortheQueenofEnglandisthehead
oftheChurch. AstheChurchmusthavesomeexecutivehead,andas
thereisnoothercompetitor,webelievethePopetobethathead . B ut
heismoretousthanthis,forheisourPatriarchaswell . Sothatwe
admithisclaimtothevenerationandloyaltyofallbaptizedmen,and
inaspecialdegreeofallWestern Christians . "-LetterofaB ishopof
theOrderofCorporateReunion, in ReunionMagazine,No . 2 , p. 2 4 2 .
"WeinEnglandlookuponthePatriarchofRomeastheFirst
B ishop,thePresidentoftheGeneralCounciloftheChurchofChrist
. "
-OliveLeaf,by Rev. WilliamWyndhamMalet, Rectorof
Ardeley,p. iz .
" Englandhasherholyordersandordinancesofworshipfrom
Rome. SherecognizesHisHolinessasthechiefbishopofall . "-
Aid . ,p
. 38 .
" IntheChurchofEngland,likewise,theB ishopofRomehasno
authority. B utintheChurchofGod,auniversalspiritualbody,all,
ofcourse,belongstoSt . Peter'ssuccessor,whichwasoriginallygiven
toSt . PeterbyourLord . WhatevertheDivinedonationwasorigin-
ally,mandidnotbestowit,andmancannottakeitaway. Moreover,
thegovernmentoftheCatholicChurchbyB ishops,Primates,Metro-
politans,andPatriarchs,withOneVisibleHead,issoexactlyofthat
practicalnature,thatnowhollyindependentandisolatedreligious
bodycanpossiblyparticipateeitherinitsgovernmentorintheblessing
ofbeingrightlygoverned,solongasitremainsindependent . . . .
TheVisibleHeadofthatOneChristianFamily,asChristendomhas
universallyallowed,istheB ishopoftheSeeofSt . Peter. Unlikeall
otherB ishops,hehasnosuperioreitherinrankorjurisdiction . Now,
whenanypartofafamily,bymisunderstandingandperverseness,
becomesdisobedientto,oroutofharmonywith,itsVisibleHead,
weaknessandconfusionasregardsitsonenessiscertaintosupervene . "
OrderoutofChaos,by Rev. F. G . Lee,VicarofAllSaints',Lambeth,
pp
. 60 -62 .
WHAT THE RITUALISTS
TEACH.
38 3
THEREFORMERSANDTHEREFORMATION
.
"I havetoownthat,inspiteofthetellingillustrationsofMrs
.
Trimmer's HistoryofEngland, I
neveryetsucceededingettingupan
atomofaffectionorrespectforthethreegentlemencanonizedinthe
` Martyrs'Memorial'atOxford . AsLordB lachfordonceobserved
tome, ` Cranmerburntwell,'andthatisallthegoodIknowabout
him . "-Reminiscences oftheOxfordMovement, byRev . T
. Mozley,
RectorofPlymtree,Vol . II. ,p . 2 30 .
"ToprotestaltogetheragainstthewickednessoftheReformation
by ENTIRELYIGNORING itspretendedclaimsuponEnglishChristians,
theMonksofLlanthonyhavesetup` theShrineofthePerpetual
AdorationoftheMostHolySacrament. ' "-LittleManualofDevotions,
byRev . J . L . Lyne, alias " FatherIgnatius,"p
. 4 -
"
Don'tbeataboutthebushtotryanddeceive,totryandmake
peoplebelieveyou[Ritualists]arewhatyouarenot .
Youknowyou
havenorespectfortheReformation ; youknowyoubelieveithas
wrongedourdearoldChurchofEngland
; youknowyoubelievethat
itwasacruel,cowardlypieceoftyrannyofawicked,murderous
despot
; andalthoughaftercenturieshavepaintedoverandgilded
overthediabolicalactsofHenryVIII. ,yetyoucannotpointtoone
singleScripturalorecclesiasticalauthoritythatcanbequotedforthe
mannerinwhichtheworkwascarriedout,orthework itself . "-The
PresentPositionoftheRitualists, by "FatherIgnatius,"p . 2 5 .
" Forourselveswedonotscrupletosaythatweregardthedeathof
EdwardandtheaccessionofMaryasthemostfortunatecircumstance
fortheChurchofEngland . "-Union Review
for18 7 1 ,
p.
35 8 -
"InGermanytheChurchwasutterlyrootedout,andanew
religion,calledProtestantism,inventedbyLutherandCalvinand
othermalcontents,wassubstitutedinitsplace . B utinEnglandthis
wasnotthecase.
TheChurchremained,butremainedinfetters
.
IncharacteritwasidenticalwiththeChurchofold,holdingthesame
essentialtruths,sacraments,andorders ; butitwasinfectedwith
Protestantism,whichpoisoneditsblood,anddiseasedthewholebody,
yetwithoutdestroyingitsvitality. ThankGod,theChurchof
Englandisrapidlyrecoveringherhealth,and'thoughheresymaystill
lingeroninhermembers,shehassufficientstrengthintimetoexpel
everytraceofthediseaseandrecoverherancientvigour. In England
theChurchwascorruptedbyProtestantism
. "-Golden Gate,by
Rev.
S. B aring-Gould,RectorofLewTrenchard,PartI . ,p
. T4 6
. Edition,
I8 i5
.
3 8 4
" TheEnglishReformation,ascarriedout,was,fromeverysound
Churchman'sstanding-point,anunjustifiableandwickedact-heartily
reprobatedandcondemned
by many
. "-ReunionMagazine,No . i,
p. 6 .
SOMERITUALISTIC 11 ORNAMENTSOFTHE
CHURCH. "
AnAltarwithSuperAltar .
AnAltarCrossorCrucifix .
ASuper-Frontal .
Corporal .
B urse.
ChaliceVeil.
ACanisterforWafers .
ASpoon.
APerforatedSpoon.
AChaliceCoverandLace
VeilingtheB lessedSacrament .
Ciborium .
Maniples.
Ampulla .
AnAumbrye .
ATriptych.
PedeCloth .
HousellingCloth .
Corona .
RoodScreen .
AScallopShell,
AB aptismalShell.
AWaterB ucket .
AB aptismalCruet .
PaintingsandImagesofOurLord,
OurLady,andSaints .
APortableAltar .
AltarB readCutters .
AltarB readIrons .
AltarCanister
.
APPENDIX.
for
TwoStandardCandlesticks
.
FlowerVases .
ProcessionalCandlesticks
.
Torches.
Lanthorns
.
CantoralStaves .
Amice(foranArchbishop or
B ishop) .
Alb .
Maniple .
Stole.
Dalmatic .
Girdle .
Tunicle .
Z ucchetto .
B iretta .
Chasuble .
Cope .
GreyAmyss .
B uskins.
Sandals .
Subcingulum .
PectoralCross.
Tunic .
Mitre .
Crozier .
Gremial .
TheCappaMagna .
ThePall.
•

Fromthe
DirectoriumAnglicanum,pp .
336-34 1
. Fourthedition .
6
WHAT THE RITUALISTSTEACH .
38 5
THEREALPRESENCE.
" Thou,GodandMan,artinourmidst,
TheAltarisThyThrone ;
WebowbeforeThyMercySeat,
AndThee,ourMaker,own .
Mysoul,fallprostratetoadore,
Inlowliestworshipbent ;
EachdayIliveIloveTheemore,
SweetSacrament ! SweetSacrament !"
-St . Agatha's,Landport,Sunday Scholars' B ook, Appendix,Hymn4 74 -
"
Youwillgo[totheAltar]withthisonesolemnthoughtever
presenttoyourmind,namely,thatyourbodyisabouttobecomea
tabernacleforthemostsacredFleshandB loodofJesus,God
IncarnateI"-The ParishTracts, byRev. J . H. B uchanan,First
Series,No
. X. ,"Confirmation . "
" Leteveryonewhohearsyouspeak,orseesyouworship,feel
quitesurethattheobjectofyourdevotionisnotanideaorasenti-
ment,oratheory,oramake-believe,butarealpersonalKingand
MasterandLord :
presentatalltimeseverywhereintheomnipresence
ofHis Divine Nature,presentbyHisownpromise,andHisown
supernaturalpowerinHis
Human NaturetoouponHisAltar-Throne,
theretobeworshippedintheB lessedSacramentasreally,andliterally,
andactually,asyouwillnecessarilyworshipHimwhenyouseeHim
inHisbeautyinHeaven
. "-St
. JohntheB aptist . ASermonbythe
Rev
. H. D
. Nihill,VicarofSt . Michael's,Shoreditch,p . 8 .
"
Yes, inthatpieceofconsecratedB readheknewourLordhad
come-hadchangedthatveryB readintoHisownB ody,andthatwine
inthechaliceintoHismostpreciousB lood . Littlechildashewas,
theHolySpirithadtaughthimallthegreatmysteryofthatSacramnt,
andwhenhesawhisfatherkneeltoreceivewhatappearedtohis
eyesbutapieceofbread,heknewhisfatherhadreallyeatenthe
B odyofHis Saviour . "-StoriesToldtotheChoir,
No. 2 , p. i9 .
Oxford
: Mowbray,18 74 -
" Kennethunderstoodnow,andhewouldunderstandmoresome
day,howthatJesuscomesatthebiddingofHispriestupontheAltar,
andpassesHimselfintothelittlePiecesofB readandintotheWine
2 5
38 6

APPENDIX.
intheChalice,andsois
`
verilyandindeedtakenandreceivedbythe
faithfulintheLord'sSupper
. ' "-Ibid. ,p.
2 2 .
"AndthentothinkthatJesuscomesHisOwnverySelftooffer
HimselfinSacrificetoGod,andtolistentoallourprayers
. That's
thesignHe'scome,whenthebigbelltollsthree,justasthepriest
saysthewordsofconsecration` ThisismyB ody-ThisismyB lood
. "'
-Rid . ,No
. 5 ,p. 2 0 .
"ThinkofJesusontheCrossdyingforyou
. ThinkofHis
comingdownuponourAltarsundertheformsofB readandWine
!
Everycrumbonthepaten,everydropinthechalicehasnowbecome
thewholeB ody,B lood,Soul,Spirit,andDivinityofJesus
!
Nowis
thetimeforyoutoworshipHim!"-The
Server'sMassB ook, bythe
Rev. G. P
. Grantham,p .
2 r . London : Masters .
"
Thefollowingisabeautifulmethodofmanifestingdevotionto
theMostHolySacrament
:-WhentheHymn,` Hail,Jesus,Hail!'
issung,lettheCeremoniarius,orhisAssistant,carryahand-bell,and
as-oftenasthewords, "
SweetSacramentweTheeadore,'occur,let
himsoundit
. Theprocessionwillpause,andall,exceptingthe
sacredMinisters,turninground,willsinkhumblyontheirknees,and
adoretheB lessedSacrament
. "-Oratory Worship,p . 32
.
London :
ChurchPressCompany,18 69
.
"FarworsethananykindofidolatryistheChristianreligion,if
theHostontheAltarisnotVeryGOD . "-The SacramentoftheHoly
Eucharist .
ALecturebyRev . J . L
. Lyne, alias "FatherIgnatius,"
p. 16.
"
OtherSacramentscontaintheGraceofGod,buttheHoly
EucharistisGod
Himself . "-Practical
ThoughtsforSistersof
Charity,p
. 137 .
London : Hodges,
18 7 1 -
11
AssurelyastheB oyCarpenterwasthegreatEternalGod,so
alsosurelytheB readandWinewhichyouhaveseenandhandled,and
receivedintoyourselfthisdayisthegreatandEternalGodtoo
: the
GodwhohidethHimself
. Adoreinsilenceandintremblingawe
. "-
Ibid . ,p
. 3 0 0 -
"
HiddenGodandSaviour,Havemercyuponus . MostHighand
adorableSacrament,Havemercyuponus
.
Tremendousand
life-givingSacrament,Havemercyuponus
. "-The EnglishCatholic's
VadeMecum,pp . 71,
72 . Thirdedition .
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.
38 7
"AsyouwalktoChurch,say : -
Irisefromdreamsoftime
AndanAngelguidesmyfeet,
TotheSacredAltarThrone
WhereJesus'Heartdothbeat . "
-PrivatePrayers, editedbytheRev
. W. H. Hutchings(nowArch-
deaconofCleveland) ,p . 4 3 . Windsor :privatelyprinted .
"LordJesus,Ihavethisdayreceivedonmytongue,Thymost
holyFleshand B lood
. "-Ibid . ,p . Sz .
"Again,astoourconversation . HowjealousshouldCommun-
icantsbeoverthewordsthatpassthroughthedoorofthoselips,
wettedwiththeHolyB lood,spokenbythetonguethathastasted
theSacredB odyofthe Lord
. "-Instructionson the HolyEucharist,
editedbyCanonT. T. Carter,p.
12 4 . Secondedition . London :
Parker .
THEPOWERANDDIGNITYOFSACRIFICING
PRIESTS.
"They[priests]arepeacemakersunderHimwhocarryonthis
workforHim,applyingthepreciousB loodtothesoulsofmenby
theSacramentsfortheremissionofsin . "-The
EvangelistLibrary
ExpositionoftheB eatitudes,
editedbytheCowleyFathers,p. 3r .
"
ThepriestispermittedtosharecertainsorrowsofChristin
whichthelaymanhasno part . "-Ibid. , p. 32 .
"B utthosepriestswhoworthilyfulfiltheirofficeshallbemore
speciallycalledthesonsofGod,becausetheyshallhaveanespecial
likenesstoHim,havingbeenmadepartakersinachosenwayofthe
priesthoodofHisonlybegotton
Son . "- Aid. , p
. 33 .
" Youarenot,then,tolookuponhim[theConfessor-Priest]asa
friendonly,oraconstantsympathizer,butasonewhoisoveryouin
theLord-onewhoshouldsometimesreprove,andyoutoacceptit
withoutfeelingasthoughtherebukewasgivenbyanequal,who
maysometimesencourageyou,butratherasaguidethanafriend
;
onewithwhomyouaretobeontermsofintimacydifferenttoyour
relationtoallotherpersonsonearth ;
withwhomyouarenottotalk
asyouwouldtoothers,asonanequalfooting,butasspeakingto
onetowhomrespectandobedienceisdue .
Heisneithertobespoken
2 5
38 8
APPENDIX.
to
norof,inanymannerapproachingtofamiliarity. "-Hintsto
Penitents, p . 12 8 . Thirdedition.
"Thepriest,asfarashispriesthoodisconcerned,isChrist
HimselftheSovereignandEternalPriest . "-A B riefAnswer to
ObjectionsB rought AgainstConfession, TranslatedbytheFeltham
Nuns,p. 2
3-
"
ThepriestperpetuatesJesusChristinourmidsttoendlessages,
thatiswhyweshouldgotohimasJesusChrist,andtoChristby
him . "-Ibid . , p. 2 1 .
" LearntoperceiveAlmightyGodconcealedforyouinHis
priests . "-Ibid. , p .
2 3-
" Apenitent,prostrateatthefeetofthepriest,isamanraised,and
elevated,andsupremelyhonourable . "-Ibid . ,p. 2
4 -
" Feartheeyeandthevoiceofthe priest . "-Ibid . , p. 2 4 .
"Thepriestsare,onearth,thespiritualpoliceofAlmightyGod
;
theymusthuntout,track,pursue,andarraignsinners,asthepolice
pursueandapprehendthievesand
rascals . "-Ibid . , p . 2 6.
"Thelayelementalreadytoogreatlypreponderated[intheChurch
ofEngland],andnomoreofitwasneeded . Itwasnotthathe
undervaluedtheofficeofthelaity,whosehighandnobleprerogative
itwastolistenandobey,butitwasfortheMinistersoftheChurch
withalltheirresponsibilitiestomagnifytheiroffice,ifsobethat
otherswouldintrudeupon
it . "-Extract fromaSpeechbytheRev
.
LukeRivington,
atanOrdinaryMeetingoftheEnglishChurchUnion,
Januaryi4 th,
i8 68 .
EnglishChurchUnionMonthlyCircular, for
18 68 ,p . 65 .
"TheymaycallmeaPapist,andlaughatmyCreed,
'TistheFaiththatwillsaveinthehourofneed
;
Letthemtalk,letthemlaugh,butwhendeathisathand
Thepriestistheonlytruefriendintheland . "
Hensal-cum-Heck Churctc Monthly, November, 18
9 5 .
THESACRIFICEOFTHEMASS
.
•

Q.
Havewenotalreadynamedanotherwayinwhichweareto
bemindfuloftheDeparted
?
•

A.
Yes
; weoffertheHolySacrificeforthem .
•

Q. Whyso
•

A.
Asbeingpropitiatory. TheSacrificeoftheCrosswas
WHAT THERITUALISTS TEACH.
38 9
propitiatoryforall,fortheLivingandtheFaithfuldeparted . The
SacrificeoftheEucharist,whichisonewiththeSacrificeoftheCross,
isalikepropitiatoryforall . "-A Catechism on theChurch, byRev . C . S.
Grueber,VicarofSt :James's,Hambridge,p
. 15 8 . Edition
18 74 -
" IfyouspeakabouttheMass,donotbeataboutforsomeoneor
otherofthenameswhichmeanthesamething,butundercoverof
whichmenareaccustomedtoallowthatisintheirideanotthesame
thing. Menhatethelittleword,becausetheythinkitmeansthe
samethingthattheyseedoneabroadinotherportionsofthesame
OneHolyCatholicChurch : andisnotthat,ifwebelivein
One Holy
CatholicChurch,preciselythetruththatweoughttobelabouringin
everywaytoteachthem ?"-St.
YohntheB aptist
. A Sermonby
theRev . H. D. Nihill,p . z .
"AnattempttoapproachnearertotheRomanCatholicsinthe
mannerofcelebratingHighMasswouldbeofimmenseserviceto
ourChurch ; andifwecouldintroducesuchalittleofficeasisoften
seenattheB romptonOratoryandotherplaces,wherethepeople
seemtohaveeverythingtheirownway,exceptthatayoungpriest
givesoutthehymns,andrecitesafewAvesandPaternosters,the
wholebeingfollowedbyagoodextemporesermon,andtheB ene-
dictionoftheB lessedSacrament,weshouldhavelittlecauseto
complainoftheinroadsoftheMethodists . "- UnionReview, for18 68 ,
p. zz.
"
TheSacrificesoftheGoldenAltarandtheEarthlyAltarareas
muchSacrificesofPraise,ofThanksgiving,ofPrayer,andof
PropitiationforSin,aswastheSacrificeoftheCross
. "-Union
Review, for18 66,p . z6o .
"TeachmentodenytheSacrificeoftheMass,andtheyareon
thehighroadtothedenialofallSacrificewhatever . "-Church News,
February17th,
18 69 , P• 9 9 -
1 , ItisthegloryoftheEucharistthat,throughtheinstrumentality
ofthatB odyandB loodwhichHegaveforthelifeoftheworldupon
theCross,andwhichHestillgivestousundertheveilsofbreadand
wineintheSacramentoftheAltar,JesusChristperpetuatesonour
behalf,herebelowinthevisiblesanctuariesofHisChurch,the
functionsofHisEternalPriesthood
:
itisourdignity,andtheglory
ofourconsecrationasaroyalpriesthood,thatHehasentrustedthe
offeringoftheSacrificemadeonCalvarytohumanagencies,and
39 0

APPENDIX.
thatHepermitsittodependuponuswhetherHe,thegreatHigh
Priestofourprofession,shallbeallowedtoexerciseHispriestly
functionsatouraltarsorno . B yHisgraciouscondescension,the
freewilloftheB lessedVirginwaspermittedtoco-operatewithGod
indeterminingthetimeoftheIncarnation :byacondescensionno
lessgraciousHeleavesHimselfinourpowerintheEucharist,which
istheextensionoftheIncarnation . "-EighteenthAnnualReportof
theC. B . S. ,paperbyHon . C . L
. Wood,nowLordHalifax,p . x .
` TheSacrificeoftheAltarisoneandthesameSacrificewiththat
offeredonCalvary
. ItisnotadifferentSacrifice,norarepetition
itisthesame . "-GoldenGate,bytheRev . S. B aring-Goued,Rector
ofLewTrenchard,PartIII . ,p. 163 . Edition,18 75 -
"B yvirtueofthislife-givingSacrament,havemercy,0 mostkind
LordJesusChrist,ontheholyuniversalChurch . . . . Give,bythis
holySacrament,truecharitytoourenemiesandtoourselves,and
toallThyfaithfulpeoplesuccour,help,andconsolation
; bestowing
Thygraceuponthosestillintheflesh,andgrantingeternalresttoall
thefaithfuldeparted . "-TheCommunicant'sManual,bytheB ishopof
Lincoln(Dr
. King) ,pp . 5 5 ,5 7
. Sixthedition
. London
:Mozley
andSmith,18 77 .
"ThemodeinwhichHighMassshouldbesungintheOratoryof
theSocietyoftheHolyCrossonFestivals,shouldbeofthehighest
typeknowntoCatholicChristendom,bywhichtheHolySacrifice
maybeofferedaccordingtotheuseoftheChurchofEngland . It
shouldpossesseveryelementinritual,andmusic,andother
accessories,whichthetraditionoftheChurchsanctions . . . B ut
thefoundersoftheOratorywouldnotfeelsatisfieduntiltheyrestored
totheChurchofEnglandarenderingofthesacredMasswhichwas
fullyMediaevalinthecorrectnessofitsuse,andmorethanMediaeval
intherichness,costliness,taste,andperfectionofitsdetails . Thus
weshoulddesideratetheseelementsattheleast
:-TheAsperges
;
the` Censingofpersonsandthings,'ortheuseofincenseinaritual
manner
; thecorrectIntroits,Graduals,Offertories,Communions ;
GospelLights
; ConsecrationLightsontheAltarandConsecration
CandlesinfrontoftheAltar,inadditiontotheSixAltarCandles
andtwoSacramentalLights
; theuseoftheAltarB ell ; theLavabo ;
and,ofcourse,theEucharisticVestments,forCelebrant,Ministers,
Servers,andAcolytes . "-TheFourCardinalVirtues,bytheRev
.
OrbyShipley,pp
. 2 4 6,2 4 7 . London :Longmans,18 71 .
WHAT THE
RITUALISTS TEACH.
39 1
"AndundertheChristiancovenantofgrace,andintheChurch
whichistheB odyofChrist,theChristianPriestmaydailystand
beforethealtarofferingupthegreatcommemorativeSacrificeof
Christ,forhisownsins,andforthesinsofthepeople
. .
. . Daily,
therefore,inthe` Church'sPrayerMeeting'heldwhentheCelebrant,
representingthecongregation,andassistedby,andinunionwith
them,makeseffectualintercessionforthepeople,pleadingthe
tremendousSacrificeforsinbeforeGod,andstanding,likeAaron,
betweenthelivingandthedead,tomakeatonementforthem . "-St.
Philip's,Sydenham,ChurchMagazine, March,18 9 6,p . i .
" Sothen,besure,whateverelseyoudo,thatyougotoMasson
thisgreatday.
AChristianchildwhoisabletogotoMasson
ChristmasDay,andwhodoesnotgoisnotgood . Hedoesnot
deservetohaveanyChristmastreats,andheoughtnottoenjoy
themifhehas
them . "-Hosanna :
AMassB ookforChildren, with
PrefacebytheRev. R. A. J . Suckling,VicarofSt . Alban's,Holborn,
p. q. ¢ . London : W. Knott,18 9 1 .
"AndThuriferfirst,withhiscenserbright,
AndthenSub-deaconthecrosswhobears,
Liftedonhigh
Thatallmaydescry ;
AndoneithersideisanAcolyte,
WithotherClericstogetherinpairs,
Walkingto"TestandbacktoEast,
WithvestedDeaconandvestedPriest,
AllofthembearingthetaperLight
.
" ThentotheAltarreturned,theysay
TheHolyMass ; andthepeopleall
Holduptheirlightedtapershigh,
WhileGospelandblessedCanonaresung,
And Gloria shoutedbyeverytongue,
-Godgrantthatall
WhoonJesuscall
Mayonedayminglethatthrongamong,
Whoevershallkeepintheyondersky,
Withhappyraptureandblissforaye,
ThegladnessandjoyofaCandlemasday1"
-TheMysteriesofHolyChurch, bytheRev . G . P. Grantham,p
. 9 9 .
London :
Masters .
3 9 2
APPENDIX.
"Father,gentle,fulloflove,
HearuswhilewehumblyprayI
LookThoufromThythroneabove
OntheSacrificeto-day.
" WhichatChrist,ourLord'scommand
We,redeemedfromsin'scontrol,
OfferforourChurchandland,
Andforeveryfaithfulsoul .
"MindfulofOurLadydear,
Saintsandalltheransomedquire,
Whoinrestforeverblest
ServeTheewithlove'sfonddesire .
"Hearthisprayer ; andbythepower
OfthisholySacrifice
GrantusgracetoseeThyface
InthehallsofParadiseI "
Ibid. ,pp . xviii,xix
.
"THECATHOLICFAITHINDONCASTER,ATLAST.
OhdearIWewantsuchalotofthingsforourpoorDistrictChurch
(St
. John's) : Vestments,Cope,ProcessionalCrucifix,Tabernacle(foruse) ,
SanctusB ells. Pictures,andEverything. Thethoroughcleaningofthe
10 0
Church(firsttimeforthirtyyears) isexhaustingourmeans . Dosendsome-
thing,PLEASE. -Address,Priest-in-charge, 2 , Pavilion-street,Doncaster . "
LITTLEMARYSWANTED. -Is your nameMary?
Thendosendmeashilling,there'sadearchild,towardsa
shrineforOurLadyinourpoorChurchofSt . John . Tellmeyourlittle
troublesand I willrememberyouatMass . -Address,Priest-in-Charge.
2 , Pavilion-street, Doncaster . "-Advertisements intheChurchReview, June :4 th,
18 9 4 -
"
TheMassisnotoneSacrificeandCalvaryanother . Itisthe
sameSacrifice . "-A B ook for theChildrenofGod ! p. ir9 . London
W. Knott,
18 9 r
.
" TheoneSacrificeforsinforever,thesameatthealtarandat
theCross,the'EucharisticSacrifice,'or 'SacrificeoftheMass . '"-
The RightsoftheEnglishChurchmen, a Sermonpreachedbeforethe
"
ChurchofEnglandWorkingMen'sSociety,"byRev . H. D.
Nihill,p . 2 r . PublishedbytheSociety .
WHAT THERITUALISTS
TEACH.
39 3
THECEREMONIESOFLOWMASS
.
"In celebrating Mass
some portions havetobesaid
secretly,so
thattheCelebranthearshimself,butisnotheardbyothers
. "-
CeremonialGuidetoLowMass,*
bytwoClergymenoftheChurchof
England,p . s .
"Therearethreeoccasionsonlywhentheelbowsareplacedonthe
Altar-(r) At'theconsecrationoftheHost
.
(2 ) Attheconsecration
oftheChalice
. (3) Whilereceivingthe
Host . "-Ibid . , p. 7 .
"TheheadisbowedtowardstheB ookwheneverthenamesoccur
oftheB lessedVirginMary,oroftheSaintofwhomtheMassis
said . "-Ibid . , p . 18 .
"TheHands[oftheConsecratingpriest]aretobejoinedpalmto
palm
; andbeforetheConsecrationthefingersaretobeextendedone
oppositetheother,andtherightthumbplacedovertheleftinthe
formofa cross
. "-Ibid. , p. 2 7 .
"AsisremarkedbySt
. Liguori,itisamistake,onmakinga
genuflection,toraisethetipsofthefingers upwards . "-Ibid
. , p. 30 .
"Onsaying'TheholyGospeliswritten,'theCelebrantseparates
hishands,andplacingtheleftupontheB ook,hemakesasmallSign
oftheCrosswiththetipofthethumboftherighthandontheB ook,
intheplaceoftheopeningwordsoftheGospelthatistoberead .
Then,placinghislefthandonthelowerpartofhisbreast,hemakes
similarSignsoftheCrosswiththerightthumbonhisforehead,and
breast . "-Ibid. ,p . 36
.
" WhentheWinehasbeenconsecratedandtheinclinationmade,
theChaliceisraisedinastraightline,inorderthatitmaybeseen
andadoredbythepeople
; butthefootmustnotbeliftedhigherthan
theeyesoftheCelebrant . "-Ibid
. ,p
. 4 1 -
11
Whenthepriestistoblessanypersonoranythingheturnsthe
littlefingeroftherighthandtowardstheobjectwhichheistobless
. "
-Ibid. , P
. 4 3 .
*InthePrefaceofthisdisloyalbook,occursthefollowingsignificant
passage
:-Theoriginalofthisbook isLowMass
(London : B urnsandOates) ,
which
is
anEnglishtranslationofthefourthbookofCesari's Ceremoniedells
Messa . . . .
ThethanksoftheEditorsareofferedtothecourteoustranslator
andeditoroftheEnglishedition,aclergymanoftheSocietyofJesus, who
kindlygavethemleavetoadaptthebooktotheuseoftheEnglishChurch
"
(p
. vi
. ) .
39 4
APPENDIX.
" Thebreastisstruckwiththerighthandtentimes . -Duringthe
Confiteor, atthewords` myfault,'thebreastisstruckwiththe
fingersoftherighthandunitedandslightly curved . "-Ibid. , p. 4 6 .
" If,onhiswaytotheAltar,he[thepriest]passestheplacewhere
theB lessedSacramentisreserved,orwherearelicoftheHolyCross
isexposed,hegenuflectsonone
knee. "-Ibid . ,p. 6o.
" Thepriestthensaysthe Con,fiteor . . . . ` IconfesstoGod,to
B lessedMary,toallSaints,andtoyou ; thatIhavesinnedexceed-
inglyinthought,word,anddeed,bymyfault .
IbeseechholyMary,
allSaintsofGod,andyou,toprayfor me. "-Ibid . , p. 64 .
"He[thepriest]mustbowhisheadtotheCrosswhenpassingthe
middleofthe Altar . "-Ibid. , p. 78 .
"Onsaying[attheCreed]'inoneGod,'thepriestjoinshishands
andbowshisheadtotheCross
. . . . At` JesusChrist'hebowshis
headtotheCross . . . . At` togetherisworshipped'hebowshis
headtothe
Cross . "-Ibid . , p. 8 2 .
"He[thepriest]raiseshiseyestoGodandimmediatelylowers
them,sayingmeanwhilesecretly :` Receive,0 HolyTrinity,this
oblationwhichI,amiserableandunworthysinner,offerinhonourof
TheeandofB lessedMaryandofallThySaintsformysinsand
offences
; forthesalvationofthelivingandthereposeofallthe
faithfuldeparted. InthenameoftheFatherandoftheSon,andof
theHolyGhost. Amen . "-Ibid
. ,p. 8 6 .
" ThepriestholdsthenewlyconsecratedHostovertheAltarinhis
thumbsandforefingers,theotherfingersbeingheldtogetherand
extended : heraiseshisbody,withdrawinghiselbowsfromtheAltar,
butleavingonithishandsasfarasthewrists,andatonceinclines
andadorestheHost . Thenraisinghimself,heelevatestheHostas
farasheconvenientlycan,thatItmaybeseenandadoredbythe
people . "-Ibid . ,p . 10 3 .
"AftertheConsecrationhereplacestheChaliceupontheCorporal,
andincliningreverently,adorestheSacred B lood . "-
. 11 id. ,p . 1o6 .
"Havingsignedhimself,hebringstheChalicetohismouth,
holdingthePatenunderit,andraisingittoaboutthelevelofhis
chin . Then,standingupright,hereverentlyreceivesthePrecious
B lood
. ''-Ibid . ,p . 12 1 .
` He[thepriest]makesaprofoundReverencetotheprincipal
Imaeinthe Sacristy. "-Ibid . , p.
1 3 2 -
0
WHAT THERITUALISTS TEACH.
39 5
" IfanyParticle[oftheConsecratedWine]fallonanyoftheAltar
Linen,orontheground,thepriestistoplaceacleanclothonthe
spot,choosingamoreconvenienttimefordoingwhatisrequisite .
Hemustafterwardswashthelinenortheground,scrapingitsomewhat
ontheplacewheretheParticlefell :thewaterandwhatevermayhave
beenscrapedoffaretobethrownintothe Sacrarium . "-Ibid. , p. 177 .
" Pallshavingtheuppersideofsilk,areprohibitedbytheSacred
Congregationof Rites . "-Ibid. ,p . 18 7 .
"WhenonceemployedintheSacrificeoftheMass,it[the
" Purificator "]shouldnotbeusedforotherpurposes,norbehandled
byLaics(nothavingtherequiredpermission) ,untilafterhavingbeen
washedbyaClerkinHolyOrders . "-Ibid . ,p .
18 7-
"TheSacredVesselsaretheChalice,Paten,Ciborium,andPyx,
noneofwhichmaybehandledbythosenotinHolyOrders,unless
withspecialpermission . "-lbid. , p. 18 9 .
"
B yadecreeoftheCouncilofB ishops(October2 5 th,15 75 ) ,
theexterioroftheTabernacleistobegilt,andtheinteriorlined
throughoutwithwhitesilk . . . . TheTabernacleisexclusively
reservedforthepreservationofthemostHolySacrament . . . . The
SacredCongregationofRites[thePope'sownCongregationat
Rome]forbidsRelicsofthePassion,oroftheSaints,ortheHoly
Oils,tobeplacedwithintheTabernacle . "-Ibid. ,p. 1
9 5 .
"AccordingtotheConstitutionofB enedictXIV. ,July16th,
174 6,theCrossistobeplacedbetweentheCandlesticks . "-Ibid . ,
p
. 19 6 .
" StatuettesoftheSaints,ingoldorsilver,are,inRome,often
placedupontheAltarsduringthegreat festivals . "-Ibid . , p. 19 8 .
SOMECAUTIONSFORMASSPRIESTS.
" TheseventhCautel[Caution]is : thatbeforeMassthepriestdo
notwashhismouthorteeth,butonlyhislipsfromwithoutwithhis
mouthclosedashehasneed,lestperchanceheshouldintermingle
thetasteofwaterwithhissaliva .
AfterMassalsoheshouldbeware
ofexpectorationsasmuchaspossible,untilheshallhaveeatenand
drunken,lestbychanceanythingshallhaveremainedbetweenhis
teethorinhis fauces ; whichbyexpectoratinghemighteject . "-The
DirectoriumAnglicanum, bytheRev. F. G. Lee,p . 11o .
Fourth
edition .
39 6

APPENDIX.
" Thequestionarises,ifafterhavingcommunicatedoftheB ody
he[thepriest]shallhavethewateralreadyinhismouth,andshall
thenforthefirsttimeperceivethatitiswater-whetherheoughtto
swallowitortoejectit . . . . Itis,however,safertoswallowthanto
ejectit ; andforthisreason,thatnoparticleoftheB ody[ofChrist]
maybeejectedwiththe water . "-Ibid. , p
.
1 13 .
"
IfaflyorspideroranysuchthingshouldfallintotheChalice
beforeconsecration,orevenifhe[thepriest]shallapprehendthat
poisonhathbeenputin,thewinewhichisinthechaliceoughttobe
pouredout,andthechaliceoughttobewashed,andotherwineand
waterputthereintobeconsecrated . B ut,ifanyofthesecontin-
genciesbefallaftertheconsecration,theflyorspiderorsuch-like
thing'shouldbewarilytaken,oftentimesdiligentlywashedbetween
thefingers,andshouldthenbeburnt,andtheablutiontogetherwith
theburntashesmustbeputinthepiscina
. B utthepoisonought,
bynomeans,tobetaken,butsuchB lood,withwhichpoisonhas
beenmingled,shouldbereservedinacomelyvessel,togetherwith
the relics . "-Ibid. , pp. 1
13,
114 .
"IftheEucharisthathfallentotheground,theplacewhereitlay
mustbescraped,andfirekindledthereon,andtheashesreserved
besidetheAltar
. Also,ifbynegligenceanyoftheB loodbespilled,
uponatablefixedtothefloor,thepriestmusttakeupthedropwith
histongue,andtheplaceofthetablemustbescraped,andthe
shavingsburntwithfire,andtheashesreservedwiththerelicsbeside
thealtar,andhetowhomthishasbefallenmustdopenanceforty
days. "-Ibid
. , pp. rib, 116 .
" IfanyonebyanyaccidentofthethroatvomituptheEucharist,
thevomitoughttobeburned,andtheashesoughttobereservednear
thealtar
. Andifitshallbeacleric,monk,orpresbyter,ordeacon,
hemustdopenanceforforty days . "-Ibid . , p. 116.
PURGATORY.
Thepreacherthenenlargeduponthethoughtofthepenalaspect
ofDeath,anddrewadistinctionbetweenthetemporalandtheeternal
punishmentofsin,pointingoutthat,whiletovenialsinthereisa
temporalpunishmentannexed,mortalsininvolvesbothaneternaland
atemporalpunishment : andnextproceededtoinsistthatuponthis
doctrineisreallybasedthesolemnitiesofthedead,inwhichthat
congregationwerethenengaged . TheChurchhadnotgivenusthem
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.
39 7
togratifyourfeelings
. Theywereassembledtheretodoagreatact
ofcharitytowardsthedead,tofulfilagreatdutytowardsthemand
notmerelyforthesakeofkeepingtheirmemorygreen,astheworld
does . Wehadmuchmoretodothanthat : wehadanintercession
tomakeforthedead,andthatwasfoundeduponthisdistinction
whichhehadtriedtodrawbetweenthetemporalandeternal
punishmentforsin . ForwhileGodremittedtheeternalpunishment
forrepentedsin,Hedidnotnecessarilyremitthetemporalpunish-
ment,partofwhichisthepenaltyofdeath . Forthevastmajority
ofChristiansthetemporalpunishmentmustbepaidintheworld
tocome,andthesoulsinParadise,becausetheyhadnottakenup
theircrosshere,andnotbeenmindfuloftheexampleofourLord,
areofferingthehomageoftheirspiritualsufferingsintherealmsof
Purgatory,andwerehelpedbyourprayersandEucharists,offeredin
theirbehalf . "-Sermon by the Rev. E. G . Wood,
Vicar
of
St
.
Clement's, Cambridge, preachedattheSolemnRequiemofthe
ConfraternityoftheB lessedSacrament,November 1 oth,i8 9 0 ,and
reportedinthe ChurchTimes, November14 th,18 9 o,p. 1117.
"Fromthepowerofevilspirits,goodLord,deliverthem[the
faithfuldead] . Fromthegnawingwormofconscience,goodLord,
deliverthem
. Fromcruelflames,goodLord,deliverthem . From
intolerablecold,goodLord,deliverthem
. "-The
Priest'sPrayer
B ook,p .
18 8 . Fourthedition .
"Fromtheshadesofdeath,wheretheysitdesiringthelightofThy
countenance,goodLord,deliverthem[` thefaithfuldeparted'] . "
"Fromthepains,whicharethejustpenaltyoftheirsins,good
Lord,deliverthem['thefaithfuldeparted '] . "-ManualoftheGuild
ofallSouls, p
. ao . Fourthedition. London,18 8 o .
"
Wereitnotfortheprevailingloosenessandinaccuracyofthought
andexpressionupontheologicalquestions,whichisoneofthe
characteristicsofthepresentage,itwouldbeamatterforsurprise
thattheextrememoderationoftheRomanChurchuponthedoctrine
ofPurgatoryshouldbesolittleknownandrecognized . "-St .
Catherine
ofGenoaonPurgatory, withIntroductoryEssaybyaPriest
AssociateoftheGuildofAllSouls,p . 11 . London,18 78 .
"
HowgreatathingisPurgatory !Formyself,Icanneithersay
norconceiveanythingthatapproachestoit .
Ihaveaglimpseonly,
thatthosepains,beingassensibleasthepainsofhell,thesoul,
nevertheless,whichhasinittheleaststain,ortheleastimperfection
3 9 8
APPENDIX.
receivesthemasaparticularwitnessofGod'sgoodnesstoher . "-
Ibid. ,p. 4 0 .
"AtthedeathofanyMemberaspecialFuneralMasswillbesaid
forthereposeofhissoul,whenallmembersare,ifpossible,to
attend . "-Manual ofthePerseverance, St . Alban's,Holborn,p . io.
" Q. IsthereaPurgatoryofanysort ?
"A. Purgatorymeansaconditionorstateofpurgation .
Allwho
areperfectedcanonlybe` madeperfectthroughsuffering,'eitherin
thisworld,orthatwhichistocome,orinboth .
Wemay,therefore,
rightlyspeakofthisprocessasPurgatorial,andofthesphereofits
operationsasPurgatory. "-A CatechismonSomeGreatTruths, by
theRev. J . B . Johnson, M. A. , p. 36
. SecondEdition . London
Masters,18 9 3 .
"
Andwhenthealtarisdeckedwithcare,
TheClergytocelebrateMassprepare.
TheyentertheChancel-gatewithin,
AstheChoirsolemnIntroitbegin
` Grantthem,0 Lord,Thyrestdivine,
` Andlightperpetualo'erthemshine' !
"TheDeaconthecorpsehathcensed
; thePriest
HathsungtheCollects ; andhumblyprayed
Thatshewhonowonherbierislaid,
PartakermaybeintheheavenlyFeast .
" AndwhenEpistleandTractareo'er,
Againisthesmokingcenserswung
Aboutthebodywhichliesbefore,
EreistheHolyGospelsung .
ThePriesthathfinished ; theMassissaid ;
Thelivinginholybrotherhood,
Inblestcommunewiththesaintlydead,
Havefeastedontheall-preciousFood .
AndwhilehiscopedoththePriestresume
Andrigidbiretta,theChoiralone
The DiesIrre, the DayofDoom,
Solemnlychantethinmournfultone . "
-TheMysteriesofHolyChurch,
bytheRev . G. P. Grantham,p .
12 r .
London
: Masters .
"
TheChurchintheMiddlestateiscalledtheSufferingChurch .
ItisPurgatory,theplacewhereholysoulsaremadeperfect. "-
AB ookfortheChildrenofGod, p
. 8 3 . London : W. Knott,18 9 1 .
WHATTHERITUALISTSTEACH.
39 9
AURICULARCONFESSIONANDPRIESTLY
AB SOLUTION.
"B eassuredthatthisisoneofthegravestfaultsofourdayinthe
administrationoftheSacramentofPenance,thatitistheroadby
whichanumberofChristiansgodowntohell . "-Dr . Pusey's Manual
forConfessors,p .
315
.
" Tellinghispenitentsthattheymustexplainthemotiveswhich
ledtotheirfaults,andthattheymustnotconfesscarelessly,butlay
bareallthesourcesandmovementsoftheirsinstotheirConfessor,
as,withoutsodoing,theycouldnotbepurified . "-Ibid. ,p . 2 6.
"ItisasadsighttoseeConfessorsgivingtheirwholemorningto
youngwomen-devotees,whiletheydismissmenandmarriedwomen
. . .
with'Iambusy,gotosomeone else. "'-Ibid . ,p . io8 .
"
B esureyou[Confessor]impressuponthosewhohavehidden
theirsins[fromthepriestinConfession]theenormityofthecrime
theyhavecommittedintramplingunderfoottheirSaviour'sblood . "-
Ibid . , p. 12 8 .
" Those[scrupulouspersons]whodonotliveunderaRulemust
voluntarilysubmitthemselvestoalearnedandwiseConfessor,
obeyinghimasGodHimself,layingalltheirconcernsfreelyand
simplybeforehim,andnevercomingtoanydeterminationwithout
hisadvice . Suchanone,S. Philipsaid,neednotfearbeingcalledto
accountby God . "-Ibid
. , p. i8 o.
" NoConfessorshouldevergivetheslightestsuspicionthatheis
alludingtowhathehasheardinthetribunal,butheshouldremember
theCanonicalwarning
:` WhatIknowthroughConfession,Iknow
lessthanwhatIdonotknow . 'PopeEugeniussaysthatwhatevera
Confessorknowsinthisway,heknowsit ` utDeus' ;
whileoutof
Confessionheisonlyspeaking
`
uthomo' : sothat,` asman,'hecan
saythathedoesnotknowthatwhichhehaslearnedasGod'srepre-
sentative . Igofurtherstill : Asman,hemayswearwithaclear
consciencethatheknowsnot,whatheknowsonlyasGod"!
!
[bid. ,p .
4 0 2 -
" ThatConfessionisordinarily-i . e. ,whereitmaybehad,and
wherethesouliscapableofgraspingthefactthatitisso-necessary
incaseofmortal, i . e. , conscious,wilful,deliberatesin,whichdestroys
thegraceofB aptismandtheunionofthesoulwithGod ; andthatit
isnotnecessaryinanyothercase . "-The Rev. A. H. Mackonochiein
thePriestin AbsolutionandtheSocietyoftheHolyCross
:ACorre-
spondence,p. 2 3 .
4 0 0

APPENDIX.
"Sinceit[the
PriestinAbsolution]
hasbeensoprominentlybefore
thepublic,Ihavebeentryingtomakeacquaintancewithit,andfind
thatitsprinciplesarethosewhichgovern,Ibelieve,allConfessors
amongourselves . "-Ibid. ,p. 16.
" JesusthesinlessOneborealltheirsinsthisday[GoodFriday] ;
evenJudaswenttotheprieststhisday,andsaid, ` Ihavesinned . "'-
MissionTract
:
GoodFriday,p. 4 .
London : ChurchPrintingCo.
" Yes,IamgoingtoGod'spriest,
Totellhimallmysin,
AndfromthisveryhourI'llstrive
Anewlifetobegin.
WhenIconfesswithcontriteheart
Mysinsuntothepriest,
Idobelievefromalltheirguilt
ThatmomentI'mreleased
.
" Igothenwithahumbleheart,
Tohavemysinsforgiven !
Andangels,whileIkneel,willsing
Ahymnofjoyinheaven . "
-ManualoftheChildrenoftheChurch,p . 4 0 . Thirdedition
.
London :
ChurchSunday-schoolUnion,whichisaB ranchofthe
KilburnSisterhood .
"
IfyouaretemptedtohideasininConfession,say, `
OGod,help
metotellmysins,becausethedevilistemptingmenottotell
them
. "-Ibid . ,p .
4 1 -
"Thelabourerisworthyofhishire,andthosewhoministerto
usinspiritualthingsshouldreapthebenefitofourcarnalthings,
i . e . ,
ourworldlysubstance,our money. Asthereisnofeeforhearing
Confessions,gratituderequiresthatweshouldatleastcontribute
eithertotheOffertoryortotheAlms-boxwheneverwemakeuseof
theSacramentofPenance ; especiallyweshouldmakeapointofthis
whenweConfessataChurchwhichisnotourownParishChurch
. "
-HowtoMakea Good Confession,p . 14 . Sevenththousand
.
London :
W. Knott
.
" Norshouldyou[inConfession]makeanymentionoffeelings
ofanykind,unlesstheyarewilfullyindulgedfeelingsofhatredor
lust . "-Ibid
. , p. 9 .
WHATTHERITUALISTSTEACH. 4 0 1
"ImustagainrepeatthatConfessionandAbsolutionformGod's
regularchannelforconveyingHisforgiveness,andthat-ifwewillnot
takepardoninHisway,wearenotlikelytogetitinourown . "-
Why Don't You Go to Confession?
P.
7 . Thirteenththousand .
London : C. J . Palmer.
AskpardonforyourimpiousdefianceofHislove . Turnand
throwyourselfatHisfeet,liketheProdigalSon . Hewaitsforyou
intheConfessional,hiddeninHis priest . "-B riefAnswerstoObjec-
tionsB roughtAgainstConfession,p . 4 0 . London :
E. Longhurst .
" Confessionisthetoiletoftheconscience . Thepriestwashesand
cleansesthesoul,soiledwithsin ; herestoresittohealth,pureand
white
. Thosechildrenwhowillnotbeattendedtobytheirmothers,
remainalldaydirtyanddisgusting . Thesoulswhowill purposely
neglectthecleansingofConfessionareuncleansouls,vileandbase
souls . "-1bid . ,p. 2 9 .
" Godaloneisthegiverofallspirituallifeandgraceandfavour,
andyetwearenotbidtogo directtoGod forthesegifts(forthat
rightweforfeitedatthefall)
;
butwearetogototheChurchwhich
standsbetweenusandGodinitsappointedsphere . "-The Mediation
oftheChurch,
by
theKev . EdwardStuart, M. A
. , p . 9 .
Secondedition .
London : C. J . Palmer.
" Whenapenitent,perfectlycontrite,cannotConfess,eitherthrough
physicalinability,orimpossibilityofobtainingaConfessor,mortal
sinisremittedbythemercyofGod,anticipatorily. .
.
.
Imperfect
contritionorattritionissorrowarisingfrommingledorlower
motives,andrequirestheapplicationoftheSacrament . . . . Mortal
sincannotordinarilybeforgiven,withoutabsolution
. B utthepriest
cannotloosewhathehasnoknowledgeof
. Therefore,mortalsin
mustbeenumerated . Confessionmustbeentire,true,simple . Entire
Nomortalsinconsciouslyomitted . . Mentionmodifyingcircum-
stances . . . . Namethenumberorthedurationofeachkindofsin-
sinsofthoughtaswellasdeed . Nothinghiddenwhichmayshow
thestateofthesoul . Nothinghiddenthroughproudshame . "-
CatecheticalNotes, bytheRev . Dr
. Neale,ofEastGrinstead,
PP. 1 3
8
. 1
39 .
" CasesofSacrilege :
1 .
Afalseconfessionconsciouslymade : it
invalidateseverysucceedingconfessionuntilthissinbeacknowledged
. "
-[bid,p .
1 4 0 -
"
OurChurchputsnokindofrestrictioneitheruponthedisclosures
2 6
4 62
APPENDIX.
ofthepenitent,ortheinquiriesoftheConfessor
; andthisthrows
openadoortoallthatminutenessofdetailwhichissometimes
thoughttoconstitutetheespecialeviloftheRomanConfessional
. "-
B ritishCritic .
Volumefor18 4 3,p. 32 6.
"
Weknowthathe[theConfessor]isboundbyeverytie,moral,
divine,andecclesiastical,tokeepoursecrets
. Fortheseandother
reasons,weoughttoputawayshame,andreadilyconfessallour
sinstohimwithoutreserve . "-The DestructionofSin, bytheRev .
J . C . Chambers,Editorofthe
PriestinAbsolution,p . i5 .
"Thepoweroftheremissionofsinsisordainedinthehandsofthe
priesthood,andnootherchannelwhatsoeverisappointedforour
assuredforgiveness
. "-The MinistryofConsolation,p . 2 6. Edition
18 5 4 -
"
OurChurch,moreover,howsoevermenmaymistakehermeaning,
doesindeedenjointheabsolutecompletenessandunreservednessof
ourconfession
. "-Ibid. ,p . 36.
" Theobediencewhichalonebefitsthehumansoulinspiritual
relationsmustbefreeandunquestioning,preventingwithasettled
purpose
of submission,everycommandwhichthejudgmentofthe
priestmayseefittolayupon
us . "-Ibid . , p. 76 .
"Thereare,therefore,generallymoresinstobefoundunderthis
commandment[seventh]thanunderanyother-andremember,we
praythee,thatitwereafalseshameutterlymisplacedatthetribunal
ofPenitence,evenasofnecessity,ifthouwerttoshrinkfrom
confessing,openlyandhonestly,allsinsagainstpurityandmodesty . "
-Ibid . ,p
. 15 4 .
"
Perfectabsolutionisonlypromisedtothosewhomakespecial
confessionoftheirsins
. Imeanaconfessionofallthesinsontheir
conscience,confessedtoAlmightyGodinthehearingofHispriest,
mentioningevery
sin . "-Simple Lessons,
editedbytheRev . T. T.
Carter,PartIII
. ,p . so6 . Edition18 76.
"ThosewhohaveneverheardofConfessiontoGodthroughhis
priest,orhavingheardofit,arereallyandhonestlyunabletobelieve
thatitisofanyuse,weareboundcharitablytohopeandpraythatit
[ConfessiontoGod]maybeenough .
Thosewhohavediedwithout
confessing,andtherearemillionssuch,mustbelefttothe
` uncovenantedmerciesofGod
. ' . . B ut,justasGodhasappointed
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.
4 0 3
HolyB aptismforourregeneration,andtheforgiveness(inthecaseof
adults) ofallsinscommitteduptothattime ; justasHehasordained
theHolyCommunionfor` thestrengtheningandrefreshingofour
souls,bytheB odyandB loodofChrist' ; sohasHemostmercifully
appointedaway-onewayandonlyone-forthecertainforgiveness
ofsinscommittedafterB aptism,byapplyingtooursouls,forthis
specialpurpose,` thePreciousB loodofChrist,'onceshedforusupon
theCrossofsuffering . Thatway,andIrepeatthatthereisno
other,isSacramentalConfession . Confessionto aPriest . "-Plain
SpeakingonConfession,p . 6. London,18 69 .
" Thygarments,spotless,whiteandpure,
Fromthebaptismalsea,
Needdailycleansingtorestore
Thefirst'AbsolvoTe
. '
" TakenotaconsciencetothyGod
Stainedwithimpurity ;
Thefountainflowsfortheetowash,
Itsname'AbsolvoTe . '
" Thereisnoothercleansingnow,
OurSaviourlefttheKey'
WhichopensriversofHisB lood,
Inthe'Absolvo Te . "'
-Slories'ToldtotheChoir,
No . VIII. ,"SprinkledwithB lood,"p
. 12 .
London : Mowbray.
" Andthenmyeyeswereopened,andtherekneltinthedistance
:littleGeraldDeane
; andIthoughtIsaw,yetveryindistinctly,one
self-denyingandweariedpriestsittingnearGerald'sside . Andabove
themIsawtheFormofOneCrucified,fromwhosehands,which
wereraisedinbenedictionfell,dropbydrop,thePreciousB lood .
Andaseachdropfellontheburden,itdissolvedaway,andthepriest
heardthewhisper,` Loosehim,andlethimgo,'andthenIheard
onepriest'svoice,insolemn,measuredtones,'B yHisAuthority
committeduntome,Iabsolvethee ; ' andasGeraldreturnedand
kneltbyPhilip'ssideIknewhewasatpeace,thattheheavyburden
, ofsinwaslaidatthefootoftheCross,thathewasmarkedwiththe
PreciousB loodwhichhadfallensolovinglyonhissoul . Andthe
priestwaseverathisduty,thedelegateoftheInvisiblePresence,and
,the Formwaseverbyhisside,andeverandeverdroppedfromthe
2 6
4 0 4
APPENDIX
.
HandsandFeetandSidethe` B loodwhichcleansethfromallSin . '"
-Ibid . ,pp. ii,i2 .
" ThewordsonthelipsofaChristianpriestinsuchdaysareof
thisnature :` Youareillofadiseasethatalmostmust,toacertainty,
killyoueventually. Thereisnoknownremedybutthiswhichwe
holdinourpower . Thiscannotfail,ifproperlyapplied
. Idonotsay
thatyourcaseishopeless ; Idonotsaythatyou cannot beotherwise
healed ; but,honestly,Iknownootherwayofcuringyou
! Willyou
tryit?' Ashasbeenwellandtrulysaidbyonenotlongagogone
tohisrest : ThemanwhoconfessestoGodmaybeforgiven
;
he
whoconfessestoapriestmustbeforgiven . "-Six
PlainSermons, by
RichardWilkins,Priest,pp . z8 , 2 9 . London : E. Longhurst .
INVOCATIONOFSAINTS.
" HolyMichael,Archangel,defendusinconflict
: thatweperish
notinthedreadfuldayofjudgment . "-The Grail, byRev. G. A
.
Jones,VicarofSt . Mary's,Cardiff,p . 2 1 .
StarofOceanfairest
Mother,Godwhobarest,
Virginthouimmortal,
Heaven'sblissfulportal .
Loosethebondsofterror,
Lightenblindederror,
Allourillsrepressing,
Prayforeveryblessing .
« Virgin,allexcelling,
Gentlepastourtelling,
Pardonedsinnersrender,
Gentle,chaste,andtender. "
Day Office of the Church,p . xxiii .
n
MotheroftheKingEternal,
Virgin,lovedbychoirssupernal,
Saveusfromourfoesinfernal,
Withthygentleprayersabove . "
UnionReview for18 63,P
.
5 0
3 .
WHAT THE RITUALISTS TEACH.
" DearSpouseofsweetMary,weaskforthineaid,
Thypatronagecrave,andthyprayers ;
SaintJoseph,blestguardianofJesusourLord,
Oh1sootheallourgriefsandourcares . "
OratoryWorship,p. go.
" NexttoMary,whatthypower,
TutoroftheGod-man !
OhIshieldusintemptation'shour ;
Saveusfromsin'shatefulban .
" Alleluia ! glory,Joseph !
Glory,dearestSaint,tothee !
AlleluiaIglory,Joseph
Thankfulpraisewegivetothee
. "
Ibid. ,p
. 9 3 •
"
Whenthesoulisabouttodepartfromthebody,thenmorethan
everoughttheywhoarebytoprayearnestlyupontheirkneesaround
thesickman'sbed
; andifthedyingmanbeunabletospeak,thename
offesusshouldbeconstantlyinvoked,andsuchwordsasthefollowing
againandagainrepeatedinhisear :-
IntoThyhands,0 Lord,Icommendmyspirit . 0 LordJesus
Christ,receivemyspirit .
"HolyMary,prayforme
.
"HolyMary,motherofgrace,motherofmercy,dothoudefend
mefromtheenemy,andreceivemeatthehourofdeath . "-The
GoldenGate,
PartIII. ,p . 12 7, byRev . S. B aring-Gould,Rectorof
LewTrenchard .
"
SomeveryextravagantexpressionsofSt . AlphonsusLiguori,
respectingtheblessedVirginMary,canbeeasilyexplained,and
placedinalightthatthemostProtestantChristianmustreceive
ifhebelieveswhatourLordsaysofthepowerofprayer, e. g. , such
expressionsas` OMarysaveme ; WhenJesuswillhavenomercy,
Iturntothee ;
givemethyhelp ; guideme ; saveme,forintheedo
Iputmy trust . '"-Popery, asermonby "
FatherIgnatius,"p
. 3 .
" Oye
holy VirginsofGod,prayforus,thatwemayobtainpardon
ofoursinsthroughyour
prayers. "-LesserHoursoftheSarum
B reviary,p . 12 o . London, 18 8 9 .
"
Remember,0 mostlovingVirginMary,thatneverwasitknown
thatanywhofledtothyprotection,imploredthyhelp,andsoughtthy
4 0 5
4 0 6

APPENDIX.
intercession,wasleftunaided . Encouragedwiththisassurance,Ifly
untothee,0 VirginofVirgins,myMother,totheeIcome,beforethee
Istandsinfulandsorrowful. 0 MotheroftheIncarnateWord,
despisenotmypetitions,butmercifullyvouchsafetohearthem . "-
CatholicPrayersforChurchofEnglandPeople, bytheRev . A. H.
Staunton,CurateofSt
. Alban's,Holborn,p . 136 . Secondedition .
London : W. Knott,
18 9 3-
"
OThomas[aB ecket]Martyrmostconstant,andinvincible
Confessor,splendourofthepriesthood,thegloryofFrance,theglory
ofEngland1
Reign,0 blessedfather,overtheChurchforwhichthou
didstshedthyblood,andpourforththyprayerstoGodforthe
salvationofus all . "-DevotionsinHonourofSt . ThomasofCanterbury,
bytheRev . H. G . Worth,lateCurateofSt . JohntheDivine,
Kennington,p . 138 . Secondedition . London : W. Knott, 18
9 5 .
THEVIRTUESOFHOLYSALT,HOLYWATER,
ANDHOLYOILI
" ThePriestshallblesstheSaltonthiswise .
" WehumblyimploreThee,AlmightyandEverlastingGod,that
ofThybountifulgoodnessthouwouldstbepleasedtoblessand
sanc+tifythiscreatureofSalt,whichThouhastcreatedforthe
serviceofmen,thatitmayprofitforthehealthbothofsoulandbody
ofthemthattakeit,andthatwhatsoeveristouchedorsprinkled
therewithmaybefreedfromalluncleanness,andfromallattacksof
spiritualwickedness
;
throughJesusChristourLord
. Amen . "-
The Priest'sPrayerB ook,p . zz1
. Seventhedition .
" HeshallthenblesstheWateronthiswise .
"
OGod,Whoinordainingdiversmysteriesforthesalvationof
mankind,hastbeenpleasedtoemploytheelementofWaterinthe
chiefestofThySacraments :
giveeartoourprayers,andpourupon
thiswaterthemightofThyblessring,thatasitservesTheeinthose
holymysteries,sobyThydivinegraceitmayhereavailforthe
castingoutofdevils,andthedrivingawayofdiseases ; thatwhatsoever
inthehousesorplacesofthefaithfulissprinkledtherewith,maybe
freedfromalluncleanness,anddeliveredfrom hurt. "-Ibid .
"The[dead]bodyisthendecentlylaidout,andalightplaced
beforeit . AsmallCrucifixisputinthehandsofthedeceased,upon
hisbreast,orthehandsarethemselvesplacedcrosswise,whilethe
WHAT THE RITUALISTSTEACH .

4 0 7
bodyissprinkledwithHolyWater . "-The Golden Gate, PartIII . ,
p. 12 8 .
" TheExorcismoftheSalt .
" Iexorcisethee,creatureofsalt,bythelivingGod,+bythetrue
God,+bytheholyGod,'bytheGodWho,bytheProphetEliseus,
commandedthee+tobecastintothewaterthatthebarrennessof
thewatermightbehealed,thatthoumightestbesaltexorcisedforthe
spiritualhealthofbelievers,andbetoallwhotaketheehealthofsoul
andbody. "-The DirectoriumAnglicanum . EditedbytheRev . F
. G .
Lee,VicarofAllSaints',Lambeth,p . 30 6. Fourthedition
.
" ExorcismoftheWater
.
"
Iexorcisethee,creatureofwater,inthenameofGodtheFather
Almighty,andinthenameofJesusChristHisSonourLord,andin
thevirtueoftheHolyGhost,tobecomewaterexorcisedtochase
awayallpoweroftheenemy,andtobeabletouprootandoverthrow
theenemyhimselfandhisapostateangels ; bythevirtueofthesame
LordJesus Christ . "-Ibid. , p. 30 7 .
"ThepriestthensprinklestheCollars,Crosses,andCandles,with
HolyWater,andIncensesthem
. Thosewhoaretobeadmitted
[intotheGuild]thencomeuptothe Altar . "-Guild ofSt . johnthe
Evangelist,St
. Alban's,Holborn,London,FormofReception,p . 18 .
Privatelyprinted
.
"Inthedeathchamberletasmalltablebeplacedatthefootofthe
bedtoserveasastandforaCrossandtwoCandles,theselattertobe
keptburningnightanddaytillthehourofintermentarrives,asa
signofthelightintowhichthedepartedsoulhaspassed . "-The
ParishTracts,
byRev. J . HarryB uchanan . FirstSeries . No . IV. ,
" TheDyingandtheDead
. "
"TheExorcism[ofOil] .
Iadjurethee,0 creatureofOil,byGodtheFather+Almighty,
Whohathmadeheavenandearth,theseaandallthatthereinis .
Letallthepoweroftheadversary,allthehostofthedevil,andall
hauntingandvainimaginationsofSatanbecastout,andfleeaway
fromthiscreatureofOil,thatitmaybetoallthemthatshallusethe
samehealthofmindandbodyintheNameofGodtheFather
. j
Almighty,andofJesus+ChristHisSonourLord,andofthe
HolyGhosttheComforter,andfortheloveofthesameJesus
4 0 8

APPENDIX.
ChristourLord,Whoisreadytojudgeboththequickandthedead,
andtheworldbyfire. R. Amen . "-Day Office
of
theChurch,
p. lxix
.
MONASTICINSTITUTIONS.
" WelongtoheartheDivineOfficeevergoinguptoGodfrom
thousandsofReligiousHouses,andtoseeFountainsandTinternand
Kirkstall,andothernoblefoundationsblossomingupagainalloverthe
land . "-St . johnthe B aptist . ASermonbytheRev . H. D. Nihill,
VicarofSt . Michael's,Shoreditch,p . i4 .
"ItisapiouscustomofdevoutChristiansonseeingaMonk,to
kneelandkissthehemoftheSacredHabit
; ifdonefromloveto
Jesus,andreverencetotheHabitoftheConsecratedLife,agreat
blessingwillbe received . "-LittleManualof
Devotions,
by
Rev. J . L.
Lyne, alias " FatherIgnatius,"p . 6.
" Parentssuchasthese [i . e. , thoseparentswhorefusetopermit
theirchildrentobecomeMonksorNuns],loseallclaimtosuch
privilegesasthefourthCommandmentoftheDecaloguegivesto
them ;
theyaretheenemiesofGodandtheirchildren'ssouls
.
B lessedarethosechildrenwhohearkentoGodratherthantothem . "
-LlanthonyMonasteryTracts, No . I. :"WhyareyouaMonk?"
p.
12
.
" SomeofourProtestantfriendstellusthatMonkery,astheycall
it,is,notofChristianorigin,butofPaganorigin
. MyProtestant
brethren,Iquiteagreewithyouthatitis . Youareperfectlycorrect,
MonasticismisofPaganorigin . Thebestillustrationofthe
MonasticschoolamongthePhilosophicPaganswasPlato
. "-An
Answer totheQues!ion,WhyareyouaMonk
. 2
byFatherIgnatius,
p. Ii .
"
B rethren,thefivehundredmillionB uddhists,thelargestandmost
influentialreligionintheworld,possessMonasteriestoavastextent
.
InB anghok,thecapitalofSiam,inthatcapitalalone,thereareover
tenthousandmonks
. "-Ibid . p. i5 .
WHAT
THE
RITUALISTS
TEACH.
4 0 9
PROTESTANTISM
.
"
Heforgetswhathasbeenhumourouslypointedout,thatthefirst
ProtestantofallwastheDevil JustasthefirstNon-Catholic
andAnti-RitualistwasJudas . "-The Congregation in Church,p. 78
.
Newedition
. London : Mowbray.
"
Hereticmeansachoice,anditisnotalwaysperceivedthatheretic
andaProtestantaremuchthesame thing. "-Ibid . ,p.
18 7-
11
ProtestantscanbeshowntodetestJesusChristandHisteaching,
andtopreferimmorality,polemics,andcant thereto . "-B rainless,
B roadcastB enevolence,p
. 17 . B righton : H. andC
. Treacher.
THEIMPORTANCEOFRITUAL .
"TheProtestantisquiterightinrecognizingthesimplestattempt
atRitualasthe` thinendofthewedge . 'Itisso . . . . Itisonly
thechildwhoisnotterrifiedwhenthefirstcreepingdribletofwater
andthefewlightbubblesannouncetheadvanceofthetide,andthe
Protestantisbutachildwhodoesnotrecognizethedangerofthe
triflingsymptomswhichareslowlyandsurelycontractingthespace
ofgrounduponwhichhe stands . "-Church Review, June2 4 th, 18 65 ,
p. 5 8
7 .
"TheRitualquestionisonewhich,youwillagreewithme,isof
greatimportance . ToabolishScripturalandCatholicRitual,andat
thesametimetohopetomaintain
unimpaired theCatholicFaith,is,
inmyhumbleopinion,agreatdelusion . Theybothgotogether
; and
ifonefalls,bothwillfall . . . .
Withtheabolitionofthesymbolic
ornamenta oftheChurch,doctrinallosswillbetheresult ; andthe
greatMovementnowgoingonwillbecomestationary,andwill
graduallycease . "-The PresidentoftheEnglishChurchUnion-Church
Review,
April2 5 th, 18 68 ,p. 4 0 2 .
"
Nor,again,arewemerelycontendingfortherevivalamong
ourselvesofcertainceremoniesbecausetheyarepractisedbytherest
oftheCatholicChurch
; butwecontendforourRitualfortheprecise
reasonwhichisurgedforitssuppression-becauseitisthemeans,the
importanceofwhichbecomesclearereveryday,whichtheChurch
hasseenfittoemploytoexpressthetruthofChrist'sSacramental
PresenceamongstHispeople . "-The PresidentoftheEnglishChurch
Union-ChurchReview, Juneloth, 18 68 ,p . 5 8 3 .
4 Z O

APPENDIX.
" Nowthereare,ofcourse,manyCatholicpracticesthatnecessarily
resultfromabeliefintheRealPresenceofourdearLorduponthe
Altar . Amongtheminoronesarebowingandgenuflecting
. B owing
totheAltaratalltimes,notbecauseitissomuchwoodorstoneput
togetherinacertainshape,coveredwithhandsomecloths,decked
withflowersandlights ; notforthis,wereitalltentimesasgorgeous .
Notforthis,butbecausetheAltaristheThroneofGodIncarnate,
where daily now,thankGod,inmanyaChurchinthelandHe
deignstorest . . . . Andgenuflecting,nottotheAltar,buttothe
` G~ft thatisuponit ; ' totheGod-Man,ChristJesus,whenHeis
there
. "-Six
PlainSermons, by RichardWilkins,Priest,p
. 5 7-
London :E. Longhurst .
DISSENT.
"Nevertheless,althoughnotactuallyschism,itisschismaticalto
attendDissentingMeetingHouses,ortosubscribeto,orassistthe
sectarianobjectsofDissentersinanyway . Thesamecannotbesaid
ofRomanCatholicChurches,andtheirobjects,becausetheRoman
CatholicsareabranchofthetrueChurch . "-The Congregationin
Church,p .
2 0 2
. NewEdition . London : Mowbray.
"TheCatholicChurchisthehomeoftheHolyGhost . ItisHis
onlyearthlyhome . HedoesnotmakeHishomeinanyDissenting
sect . SometimespeoplequarrelwiththeChurch,andbreakaway
fromher,andmakelittleshamchurchesoftheirown . Wecallthese
peopleDissenters,andtheirshamchurchessects . TheHolyGhost
doesnotabide-doesnotdwell-withthem . Hegoesandvisitsthem
perhaps,butonlyasastranger . "-A B ookfortheChildrenofGod,
p. 77 .
London :W. Knott,18 9 1 .
"TheB ibleistheB ookwhichGodhasgiventoHisChurch,and
itbelongstotheChurchalone,andnottoanyDissentingsect . No
onebutaCatholiccansafelyreadtheB ible,andnoCatholiccanread
itsafelywhodoesnotreaditintheChurch's way. "-Ibid
. , p.
too .
Abbot(B ishopRobert) ontimidspeak-
ingagainstthePapists,32 9
. 339
Aberdeen(Deanof) [VeryRev .
WilliamWebster]objectsto
changesinStatutesof S. S. C. ,
14 1
AddresstoCatholics
bytheSocietyof
theHolyCross,63
AlcuinClub, 2
5 3 . 2 5 4
- itswork,2 5 3
- itsEpiscopalmembers,2 5 3
Alison(Rev . L. ) , 138
Allen(Archdeacon) onImmoralRitua-
listicConfessors,117,119
AllSaints',MargaretStreet,Sister-
hood,Vowsin,174
-
howitsinmatesdisposeoftheir
property,177,178
AllSouls'Day,aPopishFestival
observedbytheGuildofAll
Souls,2 30
AltarB ookforYoungPersons, 2 17
AnglicanSisterofMercy, 169
Anarchy(Ecclesiastical) ,viii . ,34 8
. 34 9
ArchdeaconofCleveland(Ven . W . H.
Hutchings) hopestheS. S. C .
willfavourRomanRitual,77
ProposesRevisionofS. S. C.
Statutes,12 8
MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesoftheS. S. C
. ,138
AscotPriory,PrivateB urialGround
at,19 2
AssociationforthePromotionofthe
UnityofChristendom,30 7
- 32 3
-
itsbirthandmembership,30 8 ,30 9
- itsLettertotheInquisition,317
- ReplyoftheInquisition,317
- 319
-andtheSocietyoftheHoly
Cross,32 7
AssociationoftheFriendsofthe
Church,5
- Mysterious " Suggestions "for,5
AuricularConfessionandPriestly,
Absolution,WhattheRitualists
teachabout,39 9
- 4 0 4
AutobiographyofIsaacWilliams,9 ,
2 71,2 77,2 78
INDEX.
B agotDeLaB ere(Rev. J . ) [formerly
Edwards]defendstheterm
"SacramentofPenance,"14 2
B agshawe(Rev. FrancisLl . ) onthe
RollofB rethren
ofS. S. C. ,78
-SecretLetteronthe PriestinAbso-
lution, 10 0 ,10 1
- LettertotheB ishopofLondon,
1 0 4
- the Priest in Absolution inhiscare,
10 4 . 139
- ResignstheofficeofMasterofthe
S. S. C . ,137
-RemarkableSpeechtoB rethrenof
S. S. C . ,139
B anburyGuardian, 2 0 8
B aring-Gould(Rev . Sabine) recom-
mendsHolyWater,62
B arnetTimes, JesuiticalLetterto,2 35
B arrett(Rev
. T
. S. ) appealsfor
S. S
. C . OratoryatCarlisle,67
B athandWells(B ishopof) [Lord
A. C. Harvey) ]Speechonthe
PriestinAbsolution,116
B athe(Rev . Anthony) ontheMaster
ofS. S. C . ,12 7
B eckett(Rev . H. F. ) onWives,
Husbands,andtheConfessional,
8 1,8 2
B enedictionoftheB lessedSacra-
mentinaRitualisticConvent
Chapel,19 3
. 1
9 4
- LordHalifaxon,34 2
B enson(Rev . R. M . ) onaNun'sVow
ofObedience, 169
B everidge(B ishop) ontheReal
PresenceandEucharisticSacri-
fice,2 2 2
B ible(The) WhattheRitualiststeach
about,373
- 375
B inney(Rev. JohnErskine) glories
inbeingaMemberofS
. S. C . ,14 6
B iographyofFatherLockhart, 2 6
B irkmyre(Rev . N
. Y. ) onReunion
withRome,32 8
B ishopofOxford(Dr
. B agot) writes
toNewmanaboutLittlemore
Monastery,2 2
4 12
B ishops(The) smileonandfavourlaw
breakers,ix.
-theirneglectofduty,4 2
- theiropinionofthe PriestinAbso-
lution, andSocietyoftheHoly
Cross,110 -117
- ontheConfessional,111-116
-fiveorsixwishwelltoS. S . C . ,
133
- andRitualisticSistersofMercy,
1 9 4 -1 9 6
B lachford(Lord) -seeRogers(Mr
. F
. )
B lessingthePaschalCandle,2 4 6
B loemfontein(B ishopof) [Dr . J . W.
Hicks]presentedwithasetof
LowMassVestments,2 4 0
- aVice-PresidentoftheSocietyof
St . Osmund,2 4 0
B odington(CanonCharles) onCon-
fession,75
- onthecirculationofthe Priestin
Absolution, 1og
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesoftheS. S. C . ,138
- SpeechinSecretSynodofS . S . C . ,
14 2
B ody(CanonGeorge) ,hisreasons
forremainingintheS. S. C . ,
132
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesoftheS. S. C . ,138
-ontheEucharisticSacrifice, 2 19
B ookofCommonPrayer,notcom-
plete,71
- Proposedadditionsto,71,72
- Revisionof,onRitualisticlines,
339 -
34 4
- WhattheRitualiststeachabout
the,375
- 377
B ooksfortheYoung . No . I. ,Confession,
5 4 ,5 6,
111, 112 ,115
- termed"Awretchedlittlebook,"
113
B owden(Mr. J . W . ) 4 ,5 ,6,16,17,
4 2 . 2 72
B owden's LifeofFatherFaber, 2 8 ,30 ,
31 . 32 . 34 ,35 . 4 1 . 4 2
B rieknell's
fudgmentoftheB ishops, 7,
9 ,2 62 ,2 8 1
B rinckman's ControversialMethodsof
Romanism,
15 5
B ritishCritic, 2 71
B ristolB ranchofEnglishChurch
UnionsympathiseswithS
. S. C . ,
1 37
B ristow(CanonRhodes) onthe
11 SacramentofPenance,"75
-
hopes " theRomanUsewouldstill
prevail,"77
-onConvocation,78
-onthe Priest in Absolution,136
INDEX.
B ristow(Rev . CanonRhodes) Mem-
berofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesoftheS. S. C . ,138
-
SpeechonRevisionofStatutes
ofS
. S . C
. ,14 1
B rotherhoodoftheHolyCross,2 33
- theinnercircleoftheO
. H. R. ,2 33
-its" veryexistencetobekeptin
strictsecrecy,"2 33
- itssecret IntercessionPaler,
2 33
B rowne(Rev
. E. G. K . ) onTractarians
goingsecretlytoMass,2 9
- AnnalsoftheTractarianMove-
ment, 30 ,8 9
B runo's CatholicB elief, 2 65
B unsen
(M. ) ontheWorkofthe
Tractarians,2 67
B urgon(Dean) ,v .
- LivesofTwelveGoodMen, 2 15
B utler(DeanWilliamJ
. ) onHusbands,
Wives,andtheConfessional,gr
B yron(MissH . B . ) MotherSuperior
ofAllSaints',MargaretStreet,
Sisterhood,177
Cairo(B ishopof) aVice-Presidentof
theSocietyofSt . Osmund,2 4 0
CardinalNewman
:aMonograph, 2 6,
2 7
Carlisle(B ishopof) [Dr . Harvey
Goodwin]

severely censures
S. S. C . ,14 6
Carlisle,OratoryoftheSocietyofthe
HolyCrossat,66-69
Carter(CanonT. T. ) on"The
SacramentofPenance,"74
- andthe Statement ofS
. S . C . ,1o8
- revisestheProofSheetsofthe
PriestinAbsolution, 10 9
- andthecirculationofthe Priestin
Absolution,rog,iio
-
Speechonthe"animus
" ofthe
B ishops,12 4
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesoftheS . S . C . ,138
- VowsandtheReligiousState,
175
- Adviceabout IntercessionPaler
of
C. B . S . ,2 0 5
- onEucharisticAdoration, 2 18
CatholicDictionary, 366
CatholicStandard ontheworkofthe
OrderofCorporateReunion, 161
CatholicUnionofPrayer,334
CautionsfortheTimes, 2 0 0
CelibatesoftheSocietyoftheHoly
Cross,5 2
. 5 3
-
theirsecretOath,5 3
Celibacy(Vowof) takenbyagirlof
eighteenforlife, 18 o
CeremoniesofLowMass,Whatthe
Ritualiststeachaboutthe,39 3
- 39 5
CeremonialoftheAltar, 2 4 1-2 4 4
Chadwick(Rev . J . W. ) Memberof
CommitteeforRevisingStatutes
oftheS. S. C . , 138
Chambers(Rev . J . C
. ) translates
andEditsthe PriestinAbsolution,
9 3- 9 5
. 10 4 ,10 5
Chaplin(Rev
. E
. M
. ) advocates
RomanRitual,
77
CharacterofDr . LittledaleasaContro-
versialist, 19 3,19 4 ,2 0 3
CharlesLowder,
5 7 , 5 9
. 6o,12 8
ChauntryPriests, 2 5 0
CheltenhamChapteroftheSocietyof
theHolyCross, Io8
Chichester(B ishopof) [Dr . Durnford]
severelycensurestheSocietyof
theHolyCross, 116
ChronicleofConvocation,
111-117
ChurchofEnglandWorkingMen's
Societypresentanaddressof
sympathywiththeSocietyofthe
HolyCross, 12 1,137
ChurchReview,
9 1,15 3
. 15 7,2 0 8 ,2 61,
336 . 337
ChurchTimes, 15 4 ,15 8 ,2 0 8 ,2 14 ,2 2 8 ,
2 31,
2 5 3,
32 8 ,
35 8
ChurchUnionGazette,
335 ,34 5 . 34 6.
34 7
Churton(Rev . E. ) protestsagainst
Dr . Pusey'sconduct, 2 8 2
CivilitaCattolica,
15 8
ClericalCelibacy, 118 ,119
ClewerSisterhood,itsRulesof
Poverty,Chastity,andObedi-
ence, 174
howitsinmatesdisposeoftheir
property, 175
Close(Dean) opposesCarlisleOratory
ofS. S
. C . , 67,68
Cobb'sKiss ofPeace, 2 2 9
Coles(Rev . V. S. S . ) onthe"levelling
up " policyoftheEnglishChurch
Union, 338
"
CommitteeofClergy,"The, 4 9
Confession,
Lord Salisbury on
habitual, 70
-
Secretdiscussionon,
74 ,75
- Dr . PuseyontheSealof, 8 2
Confessions,Thesecretstealthyway
Tractariansheard, 8 9
- HowArchdeaconManningheard,
9 0 ,9 1,9 2
-
HowDr . PuseyheardRitualistic
Sisters', 18 7
Confessional,jurisdictioninthe, 76
- TheSecrecyoftheRitualistic,
8 o-g2
-
IndelicateQuestionstoaMarried
Womaninthe, 8 1
-
Wives,Husbands,andthe, 8 1,
8 2 ,9 1
- RitualisticSistersandthe, 8 3
INDEX.
4 13
Confessional,TheageChildrenshould
bebroughttothe, 8 3
- Thepriestis " intheConfessional
aFox," 9 2
-
TheB ishopsonthe, iii-1r6
- RitualisticPriestsruinWomen
throughthe, 117
- oftentheroad " downtohell," 12 1
-
andthepropertyofRitualistic
SistersofMercy, 172
Confessor,ExtraordinaryLettertoa
YoungLadyfroma,
70 -72
Confessors,PetitionforLicensed,
70 -72
- ImmoralandWicked, I17-12 1
-
HowRitualisticSistersshould
treattheir, 167
ConfraternityoftheB lessedSacra-
ment, 2 0 2 -2 2 6
-
itsbirth, 2 0 4 ,2 10
- itssecret IntercessionPaper, 2 0 4 ,2 0 5
-itsmedalsmaybeburiedwith
members, 2 0 5
- exposedbythe
Rock
and Western
DailyMercury, 2 0 6,2 0 7
-keepsasfaraspossibleoutof
publicnotice, 2 0 7
- itssecretdoingsinAmerica, zo8
- itssecret RollofPriests-Associate,
2 0 9 ,2 10
-the " daughter"oftheSocietyof
theHolyCross, 2 10
- its Manual, 2 11
- itsobjects, 2 11
- advocatesMassesandPrayersfor
theDead, 2 11,2 13
- andFastingCommunion, 2 11,2 15 ,
2 16
- praysforCorporateReunionwith
RomeandtheEast, 2 12
- itssecretAnnualConference, 2 13
- andPurgatory,
2 1 4
- its AltarB ookforYoungPersons, 2 17
- praysfortheRestorationofthe
ReservedSacrament, 2 17
- agreeswithRomeonEucharistic
Adoration, 2 18
-
praysforRestorationofExtreme
Unction, z18
- observesCorpusChristiDay, 2 18
-advocatesSacramentalConfession,
2 18
- advocatestheRealPresenceand
EucharisticSacrifice, 2 1g
- advocatestheMass, 2 2 2 ,2 2 3
- teachesTransubstantiation,
2 2
3
-2 2
5
- itsEpiscopalMembers, 2 2 5
- B ishopWilberforceonitsPopish
character, 2 2 5
ConventofS. MaryandS. Scholas.
tica,WestMailing,
18 4
4 14
Convents,ShockingCrueltyinRitual-
istic, 4 0 , 18 9
-PrivateB urialGroundsin,19 1,19 2
Convocation,SocietyoftheHoly
Crossdebateon,78
Convocation(CanterburyHouseof)
Discussiononthe
PriestinAbso-
lution
andtheSocietyoftheHoly
Cross,in, 110 -117
-
ResolutionofUpperHouse,cen-
suringbothSocietyandbook,
113
. 117
Cookesley(Rev . W . G . ) , x68
Corea(B ishopof) [Dr . C . J . Corfe]on
theRevisionofStatutesof
S. S. C
. ,14 1
-
aMemberoftheConfraternityof
theB lessedSacrament,2 2 5
CouncilofTrent,2 63,2 69 ,330
Cross,Adorationof,atSt . Cuthbert's,
PhilbeachGardens,2 4 5
Crouch(Rev . William) ,64
-opposesgivingupthe Priestin
Absolution,log
Cusack(Miss) herexperienceinDr .
Pusey'sSisterhoods,18 6,18 7
Dalgairns(Mr . J . D. ) , 2 8 0
D'Aubigne's
HistoryoftheReforma-
tion,70
Davidson(Rev . J . P. F. ) Presidentof
theGuildofAllSouls,2 31
Dawes(Rev . N
. ) [nowB ishopof
Rockhampton]becomesaMem-
beroftheSocietyoftheHoly
Cross,76
Denison
(Archdeacon) joinsthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,12 7
. 139
-LaughsatSynodicalcondemna-
tionofS. S. C . ,134
opposes
the disbanding of
S. S. C . ,134
objectstochangesinStatutes
ofS. S. C . ,14 1
Denison(Rev
. H . P. ) oncompulsory
Confession,75
-LetterabouttheC . B . S.
Rollof
Priests-Associate, 2 10
Desanctis(Rev. Dr
. ) onJesuitsdis-
guisedasPuseyites,32
-
Poperyandyesuitism,
33
. 34
DevonportManual, asecretbookof
Dr
. Pusey'sSisters,19 7,19 8
°'DisciplinaArcani," 1, 2 ,3
Discipline "
(The) atElton,35
- Dr
. Puseysendsfora,36
- asusedbyRitualistsdescribed,38
- Crueltiesof,38
-prescribedforRitualisticSisters
ofMercy,39 ,18 5
-
usedmostcruellyonaRitualistic
Nun,4 0
INDEX.
Dissent,WhattheRitualiststeach
about,4 10
Dunn(Rev. James) onConfessionto
YoungPriests,75
" Economical " modeofspeakingand
writing,2
"Economy"andSt
. George'sMis-
sion,5 9
EdinburghChapteroftheSocietyof
theHolyCross,io8
EnclosedNunsinRitualisticCon-
vents,18 3
-inDr
. Pusey'sSisterhood,18 3,18 +
- atFeltham,18 4
- atWestMalling,18 4
- atLlanthony,18 4
-
atSlapton,18 4
EnglishChurchman, 9 7, 15 5 ,15 6,2 36,
2 4 0 ,2 5 2 ,2 62 ,2 9 6
EnglishChurchUnion(B ristoland
PenrithB ranchesof) sympathises
withS
. S. C. ,137
-
itsCouncildonot"explainall
theirtactics,"32 9
- offersprayersfortheReunionof
Christendom,330
-
approvesofDr . Pusey's Eirenicon,
331,332
itsfirstPresidentsecedesto
Rome,335
-its" levellingup " policy,338
- AddresstoLambethConferencein
favourofReunionofChristen-
dom,34 4
- SpeechbeforetheExeterB ranch
of,35 0
Equivocation,16
EssaysonReunion, 2 61,313-316
EucharisticAdoration,2 18
EucharisticSacrifice,2 19 ,2 2 1,2 2 2
EvangelicalParty(The) described
byMr . Maskell,4 4
EveningCommunion,2 13,2 14
ExtremeUnction,2 18
- Superstitiousserviceof,2 18
Eyton(CanonRobert) Speechonthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross, 12 4
- onthecirculationofthe
Priestin
Absolution,
14 4
Faber(Rev. FrederickWilliam) visits
theContinent,2 8
- notscandalisedbyRelicWor-
ship,30
-declaresProtestantismadiabolical
heresy,30
- kissesthePope'sfoot,31
-praysattheShrineofAloysius
theJesuit,3r
- thinksHeaven " islikeRome,"31
- returnswithRosariesblessedby
thePope,32
INDEX.
Faber(Rev
. FrederickWilliam) his
workatElton,34
- hisSecretSocietyatElton,35
- discoversheis
" livingadishonest
life,"4 1
-his
Life of St . Wilfrid, 4 2
- received into
theChurchof
Rome,4 2
FastingCommunion,2 11,2 15
' B ishopS. Wilberforceon,2 15
"FatherGeorge"oftheO
. H. R. ,
his
Jesuiticalconductina
Protestantparish,2 38
Fathers(The) andtheRuleof
Faith,2 68
FathersofCharity,2 8 1,2 8 2
FelthamRitualisticNuns,18 4
FiveYearsinaProtestantSisterhood,
8 5
Fleming(Mr
. Robert) howhedis-
coveredthe
PriestinAbsolution, 9 7
Foote(Rev
. JohnAndrewes) andthe
PriestinAbsolution,
9 5
-
Member of
Committee for
RevisingStatutesofS
. S. C . ,138
Frere(Rev
. WilliamJohn) Speechon
the PriestinAbsolution, 14 4
FromOxfordtoRome, 8 9
Froude(Rev
. Hurrell) proselytisesin
an "
underhandway,"6
-
Remains, 6,4 6,2 67
Gilmartin's Manual of
ChurchHistory,
368
Gladstone(Mr . ) ontheRomeward
Movement,2 8 6,2 8 7,2 9 0
-
GleaningsofPastYears, 2 8 6,2 8 7,2 9 0
-
onArchdeaconManning'swantof
Straightforwardness,30 3
-
RomeandtheNewestFashionsin
Religion, 364 ,365
Godwin(Rev
. RobertHerbert) objects
tochangesinStatutesofthe
S. S. C . ,14 1
Goldie(Rev
. C . D. ) ontheactionof
S. S
. C . ,10 8 ,132
-
MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesofS
. S. C . ,138
-
saysthe PriestinAbsolutionis
" needed,"14 4
Goodman(MissMargaret) onthe
seriousevilsinRitualisticSister-
hoods,170 ,171
-
SisterhoodsintheChurcho f England,
167,171,18 4 ,18 8 -19 1
-
HersadstoryofadyingSisterof
Mercy,176
Gore(Rev
. CanonCharles) onthe
RealPresenceandtheConsecra-
tedElements,2 19
Grahamstown(B ishopof) [in18 77]
,
expresseshis " goodwill "tothe
S. S
. C. ,137
Grant(Mr . William) Letteronthe
OrderofCorporateReunion,15 8
Green-Armytage(Rev . N
. ) onthe
ChurchofRome,77
GuildofSt . Alban's,Londonand
WolverhamptonProvincesof,
sympathisewiththeS. S. C . ,137
GuildofAllSouls,2 2 7-2 32
- itsObjects,2 2 7
- itssecret IntercessionPaper,
2 2 8
-its Office fortheDeadAccordingto
theRomanandSarumUses, 2 2 8
-
itssemi-secrecy,2 2 8
- teachesTransubstantiation,2 2 9
-its Manual, 2 2 9 ,2 30
-observes"
AllSouls'Day,"2 30
-
itsPresidentpromotedbyB ishop
Temple,2 31
GuildoftheSacredHeartofJesus,2 5 7
Guilds,theirwork,2 5 9
Gurney(Rev
. Archer) ,hiscourageous
attackonDr
. Pusey,332 ,333
Halifax(Lord) ontheuseoftheTen
Commandments,34 1
onB enedictionoftheB lessed
Sacrament,34 2
most earnestlydesire visible
communionwithRome,34 6
prefersLeo
XIII. t o thejudicial
CommitteeofthePrivyCouncil,
34 7
hisSpeechatB ristol,35 2
. 35 3
onPapalInfallibility,35 2 ,35 3
termsLuther " aneedlessand
noxiousRebel,"35 4
Hammond(Rev . CanonC . E. ) ,
77
Heylin's Life of Laud, 32 9
Hislop's Two B abylons, 165
Hoare(Rev . R
. Whitehead) ,137
Hodgson(Rev. James) Letteronthe
C. B . S. ,2 0 8
HolyWaterusedbyRitualists,62 ,2 4 7
-
deadbodiestobesprinkledwith,
62
-
itssupposedvirtues,63
HomilyConcerningPrayer, 2 13
HomilyonRepentance, 2 18
HomilyonGoodWorks, 2 8 3
HomilyonPerilofIdolatry,
35 6
HonorariumforaMass,2 5 0 ,2 5 r
Hook(Rev
. Dr. ) anxioustoestablish
aSisterhoodatLeeds,163
- hisremarkablelettertoDr . Pusey
onSistersofCharity,164
-
onPusey'seulogyoftheJesuits,2 8 9
- onSecessiontoRome,2 9 1
- onthejudicialCommitteeof
PrivyCouncil,34 7
Hooker's Works, 2 2 0
Hope-Scott(Mr
. James R. ) , 14 ,2 5
VisitstheJesuitsatRome,2 75
4 15
4 16
Hornby(B ishop) amemberofthe
ConfraternityoftheB lessed
Sacrament,2 2 5
Hoskins(Rev
. Edgar) andthe Priest
inAbsolution, 12 2
- favoursrevisionoftheStatutesof
S. S. C . ,12 8
- opposesdisbandingS. S. C
. ,12 9
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesofS. S . C . ,138
Hughes(MissMarian) takesaVowof
Celibacy,165
-visitsRomanCatholicConventson
theContinent,165 ,166
Hutchings(Rev . W. H. ) -seeArch-
deaconofCleveland
Hymns,AncientandModern,
2 4 5
ImmaculateConceptionoftheVirgin,
35 1
Incense,DrivingtheDeviloutof,2 4 6
Inquisition(The) Letterto,fromthe
A. P. U. C . ,317
- Replyofthe,317-319
- Memorialto,fromEnglishclergy,
319 -
32 2
InstructionsforRetreats, 5 8
IntercessionPaper oftheConfraternity
oftheB lessedSacrament,2 0 4 ,
2 0 5 ,2 0 6,2 13,2 14 ,2 15 ,2 17,2 18
-orderedtobedestroyedwhen
used,
2 0 5
- exposedinthe Rock
- exposedinthe WesternDaily
Mercury, 2 0 6
- howthefirstcopywasfoundbya
Protestant,2 0 7
- itssecretcharacteradmitted,2 0 8
IntercessionPaper
oftheGuildofAll
Souls,2 2 8
IntercessionPaper oftheB . H. C
. ,2 33,
2 35
. 2 36
-
recommendsLiguori's Gloriesof
Mary,
2 33
InvocationofSaints,Dr . Pusey
believes'in,2 9 7
- whattheRitualiststeachabout,
4 0 4 -4 0
6
IrishEcclesiasticalRecord,
35 9
Jenner(B ishop) ,ontheRitualofthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,
77
-1 3
2 ,
14 2
JesuitsinDisguise,32
esuitOrder,131
Jesuits(The) ,Newmandislikesan
articleagainst,2 71
- theirworksthe"favouriteread-
ing"ofRev. W . G . Ward,2 74
- Mr. J . R
. Hope-Scott'svisitsto,
- Dr. PuseyeulogisestheFounder
of,2 8 9
INDEX.
Johnson(Rev . JohnB arnes) onthe
FireofPurgatory,2 30
JudicialCommitteeofPrivyCouncil,
34 7
- LordHalifaxandDeanHookon
the,34 7
fnrisdictionintheConfessional, 76
Kane's
NotesontheRomanRitual, 2 1r
Keble(Rev . John) on"Yearningafter
Rome,"2 8 6
-wouldallow,butnotenjointhe
"Discipline,"37
- onProtestantism,2 66
- ontheReformers,2 70
Kempe(Rev . JohnWilliam) praises
theterm"
Mass,"14 2
Kensit(Mr
. John) exhibitsRitualistic
InstrumentsofTorture,38
KilburnSisterhood,8 3
King(Rev . B ryan) ,5 9 ,6o
King(Rev
. OwenC. H. ) , whathe
sawinaRitualisticConvent
Chapel,19 3,
1 9 4 ,2 0 3
Kirkpatrick(Rev . R. C . ) onhearing
Confessions,75
Lacey(Rev . T. A. ) hissecretMission
toRome,35 6
-hisPaperfortheprivateuseof
RomanCardinals,35 7
Latimer(B ishop) Sermons, 2 0 3
- Remains, 2 0 3,2 2 6
- onforgedSacrifices,2 2 6
- on " PurgatoryPickPurse,"2 5 1
Laymen'sRitualInstituteforNor-
wich,2 5 4 ,2 5 5
-
itssecretOath,2 5 4
Lea's HistoryofSacerdotalCelibacy,
118
Lebombo(B ishopof) [Dr . W. E.
Smythe]aMemberoftheSociety
oftheHolyCross, 61
- HisworkinZ ululand,61,6z
- aMemberoftheConfraternityof
theB lessedSacrament,2 2 5
Lee(Rev . F. G . ) andtheOrderof
CorporateReunion,15 3
- 15 5
-onthe"rankandauthority"of
thePope,15 6
Lewington(Rev . A. L. ) Teaches
Transubstantiation,2 2 3
LevellingUp,"howitisdone,
336,338
LibertyofConsciencedenounced,
368
. 369
LicensedConfessors(Petitionfor) ,its
secrethistory,70 -72
Lichfield(B ishopof) [Dr
. Selwyn]
SpeechontheSocietyofthe
HolyCross,114
LifeofArchbishopTait,9 7,9 8 ,
10 2 ,
ISO,
18 1, 2 76
LifeofB ishofWilberforce,6o,18 1,
18 2 ,2 9 7
, 35 8
LifeofDr . Pusey, 10 , 19 ,2 0 ,36,37,
8 5 ,163-166,2 71,2 8 2 ,2 8 3,2 8 9 ,
2 9 0
. 2 9 2 ,2 9 3,2 9 6 . 2 9 8
Linklater(Rev . ) ontheRitualofthe
S. S. C
. ,77
LitanyofOurLady,2 5 5
LitanyoftheSaints, 2 4 6
Little(CanonKnox) hissermonon
the
PriestinAbsolution,12 6
- hisconnectionwiththeSocietyof
theHolyCross,
12 6
-
onrevisionoftheStatutesofthe
S.
S. C . ,12 9
Little(Rev. C
. Hardy) andthe Priest
inAbsolution,9 7
Littledale(Rev
. Dr . ) , 1o8
-
onhowtopreventsecessionsto
Rome, 14 7
DefenceofChurchPrinciples,14 8
-
ChaplainofaRitualisticSister-
hood, 1
9 3
officiatesatB enedictionofthe
B lessedSacrament, 19 4
LittlemoreMonastery,
16-2 8
LiturgyoftheChurchofSerum,2 4 9 ,
2 5 0
Llandaff(B ishopof) [Dr
. Ollivant]
SpeechontheSocietyofthe
HolyCross,
113
Llanthony,EnclosedNunsat,
18 4
London(B ishopof) [Dr
. Jackson]
censuresthe
PriestinAbsolution,
10 4 ,112 ,113
Longley(ArchbishopCharlesT
. )
LetteronConfessingaMarried
Woman, 8 1
Lord'sDayandtheHolyEucharist,
339 - 34 4
Lowder(Rev
. Charles) describesthe
firstRitualisticRetreat
5 7 . 5 8
andSt
. George'sMission, 5 9 -61
-
onAuricularConfession,
75
- onConvocation,
78
recommendswithdrawalof
Priest
inAbsolution fromcirculation, io8
-
SpeechontheactionofB ishop
Mackarness, 12 3
Luke(Rev
. W . H
. Colbeck) ondis-
bandingtheS. S. C . ,133
Luther(Martin) SpeechatDietof
Worms, 69
Macfarlane(Rev
. B rother) onthe
"SacramentofPenance,"
74
Mackonochie(Rev
. A. H. ) onthe
caution " oftheS. S. C . ,4 7
-
LetteronCarlisleOratoryof
S. S. C
. ,66
ontheprinciplesofthe
Priestin
Absolution,9 9
INDEX.
4 17
Mackonochie(Rev. A. H. ) opposes
S. S. C
. deputationtotheB ishops,
,o8
-Speechontheactionofthe
B ishops, 12 3
- oncompulsoryConfession,
12 6
-
opposesdisbandingS. S. C. , 133
- thinks the PriestinAbsolution
" amostusefulbookfor
young
priests," 136
- hisevidencebeforetheRoyal
CommissiononEcclesiastical
Courts, 34 8
Manners(LordJohn) [nowDukeof
Rutland]securesRulesofRomish
Sisterhoods, 164
Manning(Archdeacon) ,howheheard
Confessions,go,
9 1,9 2
-
hisdouble-dealing,
2 9 9 - 30 5
- kneelsbeforethePope'scarriage,
2 9 9
-Mr . Gladstoneonhiswantof
straightforwardness, 30 3
Manning(Cardinal) onSecessionsto
Rome, 2 72 ,32 1-32 3
- EssaysonReligion,2 72 ,32 1-32 3 . 365
ManualofConfessionforChildren,8 4
Marshall(Rev. T
. Outram) secret
SpeechesontheB ishops,
12 4 ,133
-
opposesdestructionorpublication
ofthe PriestinAbsolution,136
Maskell(Rev
. William) describesthe
crookedwaysofTractarians,
4 4
- SecondLetter,4 4 ,4 5
- LettertoDr. Pusey,8 6,8 7
Mass,The,B ishopLatimeron, 2 0 2
- preachedbeforetheUniversityof
Oxford, 2 71
- Rev . E. W. Sergeanton,
34 3
" MassPenny," 2 5 2
Melville(Canon) hiswarningagainst
Popery,
369 . 371 , 372
Memoirsof 7 . R. Hope-Scott,14 ,2 5 ,
36,2 74 ,2 75
. 2 8 7
MonasticInstitutions,WhattheRit-
ualiststeachabout, 4 0 8
MonasticOrders, 2 8 3,2 8 4
MonasticTimes,18 5
MonksandNunsPaganoriginof, 165
Morris(Rev
. J . B . ) preachestheSac-
rificeoftheMassbeforeOxford
University, 2 71
Mossman(Rev . T. W . ) andtheOrder
ofCorporateReunion,
1 5 4
. 15 5 ,
15 9 -161
- professesfaithinthePope'sInfal-
libility, 15 7
- hissecretLetterontheOrderof
CorporateReunion, 16o
- hisReportontheO. C . R
. tothe
S. S. C . ,15 9
2 7
4 18

INDEX.
Mozley(Rev
. ProfessorJames B . ) , 3,
17, 18 , 2
77. 2 9 4
Mozley(Rev . Thomas) ,hisdescription
ofLittlemoreMonastery,2 0 ,2 5
Nassau(B ishopof) [Dr . E. T.
Churton]aMemberoftheCon-
fraternityoftheB lessedSacra-
ment,2 2 5
Neale(Rev . Dr . ) advicetoRitualistic
Sisters,8 3,172 ,173
Newman(Rev . J
. H. ) onsecrect
doctrines,1-3
- ontruthfulness,2
-doesnotwishthenamesofhis
partyknown,4
- expectstobecalledaPapist,6
-
writesstronglyagainstPopery,
10 -13
- eatshis "dirtywords,"14 ,2 8 5
- establishesaMonastery,17,2 1
- B ishopofOxford'sLetterto,2 2 -2 4
-lifeinNewman'sMonastery,2 6-2 8
- hisinterviewwithWisemanat
Rome,2 63,2 64
- has " aworktodoinEngland,'
2 63
- onutteringanuntruth,2 65
- calledaPapisttohisface,2 66
-beginstousetheB reviary,2 68
-believesintheSacrificeofthe
Mass,2 68
- hisuseof " irony,"2 69
- hismind "essentiallyJesuitical,"
2 71
- dislikesanarticleagainstthe
Jesuits,2 71
- thinks " Romethecentreofunity,"
2 74
-" thoughttheChurchofRomewas
right,"2 77
has ' • asecretlongingloveof
Rome,"2 8 3
writes :- 1 IlovetheChurchof
Rometoowell,"2 9 4
- hissecessiontoRome,2 9 6
-Letters, 4 , 5 ,6, r0 , 15 ,x6,17,19 ,
2 0 ,2 66,2 67,2 68 ,2 71,2 72 ,2 73,
2 74 ,2 9 4 ,2 9 5
- ViaMedia,
2 64
- ApologiaProVitaSua,
13,
2 1,2 2 -2 4 ,
2 5 ,
2 63,
2 65 , 2
70
,
2 7 1
, 2 74 ,2 8 4 ,
2 9 5
- LettertotheB ishopofOxford, 2 78
Nicholas(Rev. G . Davenport) and
the Statement ofS
. S. C
. ,1o8
- onthesecretnatureofS . S . C . ,12 2
NightHoursoftheChurch,
2 0 0
Nihill(Rev . H. D. ) onthe "Sacra-
mentofPenance,"74
-is"notashamedofthe Priestin
Absolution," 1
4 4
NineteenthCentury, articleonthe
OrderofCorporateReunionin
the,161
NunneryLifeintheChurchofEngland,
4 0 ,4 1,18 5
Oakeley(Rev
. Frederick) onlifein
LittlemoreMonastery,2 1
-describesTractarianconducton
theContinent,2 9
OfficesfromtheB reviary,
2 0 0
" OneofourConsolations,"35 9
OrderofCorporateReunion,14 7-161
- itsObjects,14 8
-itsB irth,14 8
-FirstPastoralofthe,14 9 -15 1
-" Thomas,Rector "
ofthe,14 9
-" Joseph,ProvincialofYork,"14 9
-" Laurence,ProvincialofCaer-
leon,"14 9
- opposesSchoolB oards,15 0
- doubtsthevalidityoftheOrders
oftheChurchofEngland,15 1
-professes"loyalty"tothePope,
15 2
- acknowledgesthePopeas"visible
head
"ofthewholeChurch,15 2
- Whoarethesecretlyconsecrated
B ishopsofthe,15 3
- 15 5
- Mr
. WilliamGrant'sletteron,
15 8
- The CivilitaCattolica onthe,15 8
- TheSocietyoftheHolyCrossand
the,15 9 -161,32 7,32 8
- saidtohavereordainedeighthun-
dredclergyoftheChurchof
England,161
-
acceptsthedogmasoftheCouncil
ofTrent,2 5 1
OrderoftheHolyRedeemer,2 33
- 2 39
.
-
itsmysteriousinnercircle,2 33
- its MonthlyLeaflet,
2 33
itsPopishprofessionofFaith,
2 34
-acknowledges
the Pope as.
" Teacher"ofthewholeChurch,
2 34
- treasonableLetterof
"John
O. H. R. "2 35
- afraidofthelight,2 35
- opensaConventatStamfordHill,
2 36
- itsobjectthesubjectionofEng-
landtoRome,2 36
-" Rev
. FatherSquare's " address
to,2 37
OrderofSt
. JohntheDivine,asecret
SocietyinEastLondon,2 39
OscottCollege,ReunionwithRome
discussedat,2 8 1
OurNationalIndependenceinperil,
365 -366
Oxenham(Rev . FrankN
. ) censures
the PriestinAbsolution
10 2 ,log,
110 , 12 2
Oxford(B ishopof) [Dr . S
. Wilber-
force]onDr. PuseyasaRoman
Confessor,8 8
[Dr
. Mackarness]Speechonthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,115
- [Dr
. Mackarness]triestosavethe
S. S. C
. fromcensure,12 3
OxfordMartyrs'Memorial,Pusey
dislikesitas "
unkindtothe
ChurchofRome,"2 70
Parker(Rev
. JamesB enjamin) and
the Roll of theS. S. C
. ,2 2 0
Palmer's NarrativeofEvents,
4 ,2 64 ,
2 67,2 8 5 ,2 8 6
PapalInfallibility,15 7,35 2
WhattheRitualiststeachabout,
38 11 . 38 2
Parnell(Rev
. Charles) ontheRoman
Ritual,77
- opposespublicationof
Priestin
Absolution, 136
Pattison(Rev . Mark) ,hisexperience
inLittlemoreMonastery,2 7
- goesoncetoDr
. PuseytoCon-
fession,18 7
--PeacewithRomewithallour
hearts,"35 3
PenitentiaryCommitteeoftheSociety
oftheHolyCross,5 5
PenrithB ranchofEnglishChurch
Unionsympathiseswiththe
S. S. C . ,137
PerjuryandLying,8 2 ,8 3
Ferry(Rev. T. W . ) andtheSocietyof
theHolyCross,xo8
Phillimore(SirWalter) andthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,io8
Pixell(Rev . C. H. V
. ) ,
67
PlymouthRitualisticSisterhood,"a
helluponearth,"18 6
Pope(The) (TheOrderofCorporate
Reunionrecognises) as "
Visible
Head "
oftheChurch,15 2
-
Prayedforas " our Pope,"2 4 2
- recognisedasGovernorofthe
Church,2 4 8 ,2 5 0
-
rejoicesattheworkoftheTract-
arians,2 71
-the
"Representative"ofthe
DivineHeadoftheChurch,2 8 5
- Dr
. PuseyontheSupremacyand
Primacyof,331
-Rev. G . B
. RobertsonthePri-
macyof,34 5
Protestantisma"B astardFaith,"
2 5 4
-" adarkanddamnablespotinthe
Church'sHistory,"2 5 5
INDEX.
4 19
Protestantism,thegreathindranceto
UnionwithRome,2 62
-" isdangerousnow,"2 66
- Dr . Pusey'sopinionof,2 9 2
- WhattheRitualiststeachabout,
4 0 9
Popery,anenemytoNational
Prosperity,362
Powell(Rev. J . B . ) ontheRitualof
theSocietyoftheHolyCross,77
PriestinAbsolution, vii .
- itsoriginalprice,5 6
- SecretHistoryof,9 3-14 7
-translatedandeditedbyRev .
J . C . Chambers,9 3-9 5
- saidtobea"goldentreatise,"9 4
- praisedbythe ChurchReview,9 4
- curiousletteraboutthe,9 5
-suppliedonlytoHighChurch
priests,9 5
- itscopyrightpurchasedbythe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,9 5 ,9 6
- secretdocuments concerning,
quoted,9 5 ,9 6, 10 0 -110 , 12 1-14 4
- itssale,9 b,10 3
- howMr . RobertFlemingdiscovered
the,9 7
- exposedintheHouseofLords,9 7,
9 8
- LordRedesdaleonthe,9 8
-ArchbishopTaittermsit" adis-
gracetothecommunity,"9 8
- peersprotestagainstthe,9 9
-its
"
principles"saidtoguideall
RitualisticConfessors,9 9
- secretLetteron,fromRev . Francis
Ll . B agshawe,2 0 0 ,lox
-debateon,insecretSynodof
S. S. C
. ,134
- 136
- anotherdebateon,insecretSynod
ofS. S. C . ,14 2 -14 4
Priest'sPrayer B ook onHolyWater,
63
- itsservicesforSistersofMercy,
19 4 - 19 6
PrivateB urialGroundsinRitualistic
Convents,19 1,19 2
Prynne,(Rev . G . R
. ) MemberofCom-
mitteeforRevisingstatutesof
S. S. C . ,138
Puller(Rev . F. W . ) onvalidAbsolu-
tions,76
- onRevisingthestatutesofS. S. C. , .
132
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesofS. S. C. ,138
- onEveningCommunion,2 15
Purcell's Lifeof CardinalManning, 9 r,
9 2 ,2 73,2 9 5 ,2 9 8 -30 3,32 1
PurgatorialSociety,A,2 2 7-2 32
PurgatoryandtheC
. B
. S. ,2 2 4
4 2 0
PurgatoryandtheGuildofAllSouls,
2 2 8 -2 31
- WhattheRitualiststeachabout,
39 6- 39 8
PurgatoryPickPurse,"2 5 1
Purton(Rev . William) defendsthe
SocietyoftheHolyCross,12 9
Pusey(Rev. Dr
. ) joinstheTractarian
Movement,6
-hissubtleschemeforwriting
againstPopery, 1o
- approvesofNewman'sproposed
Monastery, 1g
- sendsfora " Discipline,"36
- wearshair-cloth,36
- wouldliketobeorderedthe
" Dis-
cipline,"37
-
ManualforConfessors,
39 ,
4 0 ,8 2 ,
8 3,12 0 ,12 1,136,167,18 5
-firstRetreatheldinhisrooms,5 7,
5 8
-andSt . George'sMission,5 9 ,6o
- ontheSealofConfession,8 2 ,18 7
-onbringingchildrentoConfession,
8 3
- beginstohearConfessionsin18 38 ,
8 5
- in18 4 2 writesagainstConfession,
8 5 ,8 6
-howConfessionswereheardinhis
Sisterhood,8 7
-" doingtheworkofaRomanCon-
fessor,"8 8
- HintsforaFirstConfession, 8 7,8 8
- onthefearfulevilsoftheConfes-
sional,12 0 ,12 1
eagertosetupSistersofMercy,
163
visitsRomishConventsinIre-
land,164
procurestheRulesofRomish
Convents,164
EnclosedNunsof"TheSacred
Heart " inhisSisterhood,18 3,18 4
recommendsthe " Discipline " for
SistersofMercy,18 5
chargedwithbreakingtheSealof
Confession,18 7
hearsConfessions"onthesly,"8 7
hisIntroductoryEssayto Essays
onReunion,
2 61
dislikes theOxfordMartyrs'
Memorial,2 70
hiseulogyoftheFounderofthe
Jesuits,2 8 9
hisopinionofProtestantism,2 9 2
desires"moreloveforRome,"2 9 2
hisconductcensured by Dr .
Manning,2 9 2
praises the "superiority" of
Romanbooks,2 9 3
INDEX.
Pusey(Rev . Dr. ) B ishopWilberforce
censureshisRomanizingwork,
2 9 7,35 8
- acknowledgeshisbeliefinPur-
gatoryandtheInvocationof
Saints,2 9 7
- Eirenicon,
330 -332 . 35 7
- onthePrimacyandSupremacyof
thePope,331,333
- saidtohavebeen " aGallicanon
thewrongsideofthewater,"
333
RailwayGuildoftheHolyCross,2 5 8
RealPresence,WhattheRitualists
teachaboutthe,38 5
-38 7
RecordsofEnglishCatholics, 365
Reformersand theReformation
.
WhattheRitualiststeachabout
the,38 3
. 38 4
Reilly's
RelationsoftheChurchto
Society, 368
Relics(Shrinewith) recommended
bytheSocietyofSt . Osmund,2 4 8
" RemovingtheB arriers "
between
EnglandandRome,32 5
RequiemMasses,2 12 ,2 13,2 2 8
ReserveinCommunicatingReligious
Knowledge, 7-9
"Reserve " observedintheSt .
George'sMission,5 9
" RetreatCommittee "
oftheSociety
oftheHolyCross,5 7
Retreats,
Instructions for,5 8
- thefirstinDr
. Pusey'srooms,60
ReunionMagazine, 14 9 . 15 0 ,15 1
. 15 3
RevisionofthePrayerB ookon
Ritualisticlines,339
- 34 4
Riley(Mr. Athelstan) hisConnection
withtheSocietyofSt . Osmund,2 4 o
- translatesthe MirrorofOurLady
.
andthe HoursoftheB lessedVirgin
Mary,
2 4 3
Ritualism,its
Object from its
birth,2 60
- "the PreparatorySchoolfor
Rome,"
35 9 ,
360
- one ofthe " consolations " of
Rome,35 9
Ritualists(The) ,theirObjectsand
work,2 61
- doingRome'swork,316
- the resultsoftheirteaching,
35 9 ,3
6 o
- preparingaharvestforRome,360
RitualisticSisterhoods,16z-2 o1
ReunionwithRome,2 61
- Rev. W . G . Wardon,2 8 0
- UnionReview on,311,312
- EssaysonReunion on,3
1 3
. 315
. 316
- Protestantismthe
' greathinder .
ance " to,315
Reunionwith Rome,Workofthe
SocietyoftheHolyCrossfor,
32 3- 32 7
Rev . N
. Y. B irkmyreon,32 8
- Howtopromote,33
6- 338
- E. C . U. AddresstoLambeth
Conferenceon,34 4
Lord Halifax
mostearnestly
desires,34 6
- Objectionsto,362 -372
- WhattheRitualiststeachabout,
38 0 ,38 1
Roberts(Rev . G . B ayfield) History
oftheEnglishChurchUnion,
335 ,34 5
- onthePrimacyofthe " B ishopof
OldRome,"34 5
Robinson(Rev . GeorgeCroke) on
theRevisionoftheStatutesof
S. S. C . ,14 1
Rock,
67, 72 . 78 ,9 5
. 2 0 6,2 0 7,2 0 9
- publishesthe Rollof B rethren of
S. S. C . , 10 1
Rockhampton(B ishopof) becomesa
MemberoftheSocietyofthe
HolyCross,76
- ontheSecrecyoftheSocietyof
theHolyCross,12 5
Rogers(Mr . F. ) 4 ,16, 19
RomanRitual(Discussionon) in
S. S. C. Synod,77
Rome(Churchof) Reunionwith,2 61
-weare"Notgoodenoughfor"
the,2 62
- SecretReceptionsintothe,2 65 ,2 66
- Rev. W. G. WardonReunion
withthe,2 8 0
-HowReunionwith, isto be
accomplished,2 8 0
-Conditionsofunionwith,dis-
cussedatOscottCollege,2 8 1
"Yearningafter"the,2 8 6
- WorkoftheA. P. U. C . forRe-
unionwiththe,30 7-32 3
-' Afriendlyfeelingtowards"the,
32 0
- SpeechinfavouroftheRitualof
the,35 0
- WhattheChurchofEnglandsays
aboutthe,35 6
- Thedutyofseparationfrom,36r
- ObjectionstoReunionwith,362 -
372
- theB abylonoftheB ookofthe
Revelation,370 ,371
Rome(Thenameof) "pronounced
withreverence,"2 8 1
RomewardMovement(The) ,2 60 -372
Russell(Rev . H. Lloyd) onPunish-
mentinPurgatory,2 30
" SacramentofPenance,"Secretdis-
cussiononthe,
74 ,75
INDEX. 4 2 1
SacrificeoftheMass,Whatthe
Ritualiststeachaboutthe,38 8 -39 2
Salisbury(B ishopof) [Dr . Moberly]
onHabitualConfession,116
Salisbury(B ishopof) [Dr
. E. Denison]
alarmedattheRomewardMove-
ment,2 8 3
Salisbury(Lord) denouncesHabitual
Confession,70
SecessionstoRome,HowRitualists
trytoprevent,14 7
- CardinalManningon,2 72
-Newman'splanforpreventing,2 8 4
- Dr . Hookon,2 9 1
- the Rambler on,30 5
-mainlyfromtheranksofthe
Ritualists,35 9
SecretteachingoftheTractarians,1-3
SecretdoctrinesnotlearntfromScrip-
ture,1-3
SecretSocieties,ChurchofEngland
honeycombedwith,vi
.
Sellon(Miss) ,MotherSuperiorof
Dr . Pusey'sConvent,166
- her " disgustinginsult"toaSister
ofMercy,168
- awarningagainst,18 6
- andtheConfessionsofherSisters
ofMercy,18 7
- MissMargaretGoodman'sestimate
of,18 8 -19 0
Sergeant(Rev
. E. W. ) , hissuggested
RevisionoftheB ookofCommon
Prayer,34 3
Separation,TheDutyof,361
Shipley(Rev . Orby) ontheDoctrine
ofReserve,9
- proposesanOratoryoftheS. S . C . ,
65
- onConvocation,78
Sibthorp(Rev. R. W. ) , 2 8 7
SisterhoodoftheHolyCross,179
note
Sisterhoods,Ritualistic,162 -2 0 1
- formedonRomanmodels,163-166
- arereallysecretsocieties,163
- the " VowofObedience
" in
Dr
. Pusey's,167
- the " Vow of Poverty "
in
Dr. Pusey's,169
- evilsoftheVowofObediencein,
169
- MissGoodmanontheserious
evilsin,170 ,171
-itisdifficulttoleave,171
- aretheiraccountsaudited ? 173
- MissCusack'sexperienceinDr .
Pusey's,18 6,18 7
-
andRomanizingdoctrinesand
practices,19 2 -2 0 1
-
serviceforClothingNovices in,
19 4 ,19 5
4 2 2

INDEX.
SisterhoodatLlanthony,4 0 ,18 5
-
atKilburn,8 3,19 9
- atSt
. Margaret's,EastGrinstead,
8 3,
172 ,
173
. 19 3 . 19 4
- atClewer,174 ,
1 75
-
atAllSaints',MargaretStreet,174 ,
178 ,19 2
- atSlapton,18 4
SisterMaryAgnesmostcruelly
whipped,4 0
-O. S. B . ,18 5
SistersofMercy,Dr . Puseyon
obediencetotheir Spiritual
Father,4 0
- Dr . Pusey'sadviceto,167
- intheConfessional,167
- oneorderedtolickthefloorwith
hertongue,168
- B enson'sbookfortheirguidance,
169 , 1
74
-sadstoryofadying,176
-
orderedthe " Discipline,"18 5
- shockingcrueltyto,18 9
- hungry,igi
Slapton,enclosedNunsat,18 4
Smith(Rev . JosephNewton) ,Founder
oftheSocietyoftheHolyCross,
4 7
-
onthe
"
wisdomoftheserpent,"
12 5
Smythe(Rev . W. Edmund) ,61-62 ,
seealso Lebombo,B ishopof
SocietyoftheHolyCross(TheMaster
of) on " Reserve,"9 , 10
-itsfirstmembers,4 7 ,
- itscautionandsecrecy,4 7,4 8 ,63,
64 ,65 ,12 1,12 5 ,12 7
- its Statutes, 4 8 ,12 8
- its Ofcia, 4 8
- itsCross,4 8
- founded,4
8
- itsmysterious " Committeeof
Clergy,"4 9
. 5 0
- its secretSynodsandChapters,
5 0 , 5 1
- itssecretRollofswornCelibates,
5 2 . 5 3
-theCelibateOath,5 3
- theB rethrenpledgedtobring
youngandoldtoConfession,5 4
-its B ooksfortheYoung,
5 4 ,5 5
- its " PenitentiaryCommittee
"
theirnames,5 5 ,5 6
-its" RetreatCommittee,"5 7
-startstheRetreatMovement,5 7
- startstheSt . George'sMissionat
St . Peter's,LondonDocks,5 8 ,5 9
- the Master'sAddress, 18 7o,63
-
the
Master'sAddress, May,
18 76,64
- the Master'sAddress, May, 18 75 ,64
- afraidofPostCards,64
SocietyoftheHolyCross,the Master's
Address, Sept . ,18 76,65
- organizesthePetitionforLicensed
Confessors,70 -72
- itsSecret
RollofB rethren, 78 ,79 ,
10 1,110 , 12 6
-purchasesthecopyrightofthe
PriestinAbsolution, 9 5 ,9 6
- the Rock publishesits Roll of
B rethren,ioi
- itsinterviewwiththeB ishops,
10 5
- its Statement totheB ishops,
10 5 ,
rob
- SpecialChapterofJuly5 th, 1 8
77,
10 7-110
- CanterburyHousesofConvocation
discussthe,110 -117
-termed" aConspiracy " byArch-
bishopTait,112
- itssecretChapter,Julyloth, 1
8 77,
12 1-12 6
-
itsactiontowardstheB ishops,
12 3-12 5
- itssecretChapter,August, 18
77 ,12 7
- itssecretSynod,September, 18
77,
12 7-137
- proposaltodisbandit,130 -134
- itssecretdebateonthe Priestin
Absolution, 134 -136
- CommitteeforRevisingStatutes
of ; Namesofitsmembers,138
-
greatsecessionfromitsranks,139
- itssecretSynod,May, 1 8 78 ,
1 39 - 14 4
- -theirReport,14 0 -14 2
-refusestodestroythe Priest is
Absolution,
14 4
- itcondemnstheOrderofCorpo-
rateReunion,15 9 -161
-its AddresstoCatholics, 32 4
- itsAddresstotheLambethCon-
ference,3 2
4 . 32 5
- bywhomitwassigned,32 5 ,32 6
- approvesoftheA. P
. U. C . ,32 7
- itssecretdiscussionontheOrder
ofCorporateReunion,32 7,32 8
SocietyofSt. Osmund,2 4 0 -2 5 4
- itsEpiscopalVice-Presidents,2 4 0
- and London School B oard
Election,2 4 0
-
itsObjects,2 4 0 ,2 4 1
- worksfortherestorationofthe
SarumRitual,2 4 1
- itspuerileceremonial,2 4 1,2 4 2 ,2 4 3
- praysfor
"
our Pope,"2 4 2
- itsConfessionstotheVirginand
Saints,2 4 2
-its"worship"oftheVirgin,
2 4 3 ,2 4 4
-its ServicesforHolyWeek,
2 4 4 -2 4 9
- itsAdorationoftheCross,2 4 5
- itsLitanyoftheSaints,2 4 6
Societyof St . Osmund drives the
DeviloutofIncenseandFlowers,
2 4 6,2 4 7,2 4 8
- itsServiceforPalmSunday,2 4 7
- recommends a" Shrine with
Relics,"2 4 8
- RecognisesthePope,asGovernor
oftheChurch,2 4 9
-its Ceremonial and Offices of the
Dead, 2 5 0 -2 5 2
- dissolved,andmergedintothe
AlcuinClub,
2 5 3 . 2 5 4
SomeCautionsforMassPriests,
39 5 ,
39 6
SomeotherRitualisticSocieties,
2 2 7
-2 5 9
SomeRitualistic " Ornamentsofthe
Church,"38 4
Spencer(Rev. George) Letteronthe
tacticsoftheTractarians,2 62
- hisvisittoNewman,2 74
SpiritoftheFounder, asecretbookfor
RitualisticSisters,8 3,8 4 ,172 ,
173. 175 ,19 9
Square(Rev. " Father ") addressto
thesecretOrderoftheHoly
Redeemer,2 37
Square(Rev . Ernest) Speechinfavour
ofRomanRitual,35 0
St
. Albans(B ishopof) [Dr . Claughton]
SpeechontheConfessional,114
St . Alban's,Holborn,2 5 8
St . Alphege,Southwark,2 5 5
- 2 5 7
-its ManualofTertiaries,
2 5 5
-its ManualoftheChurchConfra-
ternity, 2 5 6
- its " GuildoftheSacredHeart,"2 5 7
St . Asaph(B ishopof) [Dr . Hughes]
SpeechonConfessionbythe,I15
St
. Cuthbert's,PhilbeachGardens,2 4 5
St . George'sMission,5 8 -61
St . Margaret's, East Grinstud,
Sisterhood,172 ,173
-VowsofPoverty,Chastity,and
Obediencetakenforlife,172
-howtheSistersdisposeoftheir
income,172 ,173
- PopishserviceinoneofitsCon-
ventChapels,19 3
. 19 4
-its NightHoursoftheChurch, 2 0 0
St. Matthias',Earl'sCourt,2 31,35 0 ,
35 1
St . Peter'sParishMagazine, 6x,62
St. Saviour'sHospital,Osnaburgh
Street, N. W. , 2 0 0
Stallard(Rev . ArthurGordon) onRe-
visionofStatutesofS
. S. C
. , 14 1
Stanton(Rev . A . H. ) , 10 8
Stathers(Rev
. William) ,hisremark-
able ProtestandExplanation, 35 0 ,
35 1
INDEX
.
4 2 3
Stocks(Rev . J . E. ) ,
77
SynodiDiceceseosSuthwarcensis
, 317 , 318
Tait(Archbishop) onthe Priest in
Absolution, 9 8
- ontheS
. S. C . ,10 2 -10 7
- SpeechinConvocation, III, 112
-TermstheS. S. C . " aCon-
spiracy,"112
- OpposedtoPerpetualVows in
RitualisticSisterhoods,18 2 ,18 3
-onTractXC . ,2 75 ,2 76
Teignmouth(Lord) ,his Reminiscences,
2 65
TheImportanceofRitual,Whatthe
Ritualiststeachabout,4 0 9 ,4 10
ThePowerandDignityofSacrificing
Priests,WhattheRitualiststeach
about,38 7 . 38 8
The "
PreparatorySchoolforRome,"
35 9 , 3
6 o
TheRomewardMovement,2 60 -372
TheTenCommandmentsandthe
Ritualists,34
1 . 34 3
TheThirty-NineArticles,Whatthe
Ritualiststeachabout,378 -38 0
-
Newman"nogreatfriend"of,
2 68 ,
33 0
- theRev . W . G . Wardon,2 79
Thynne(LordCharles) ontheTract-
arianConfessional,8 9
" TolerationtoProtestantsisIntoler-
ancetoCatholics,"369
Towne(Rev
. Lyndhurst
B . ) ,
14 1
TractsfortheTimes " abusedas
Popish,"2 67
- 2 9 8
Tract OnReserveinCommunicating
ReligiousKnowledge, 7-9
-
CondemnedbytheB ishops,7,9
- rightlyunderstoodbyEvangeli-
cals,9
TractXC
. ,2 75 ,2 76,2 9 0
TractarianMovement,B irthofthe,
1,2 63
- itspromotersfearpublicity,4
- JoshuaWatsononitsulterior
destination,5
-" Suggestions " foritsformation,5
- Dr . Puseyjoinsthe,6
- Mr . Gladstonejoinsthe,6
-
attacked bythe Standard and
EdinburghReview, 1o
TractariansgosecretlytoMassin
disguise,30
- describedbyMr . Maskell,4 4
-theirrealobjectaprofoundsecret .
2 63
-" Introducing
Popery
without
authority,"2 67
-saidtobe" Crypto-Papists,"2 68
- greatlyrejoicethePope,2 71
4 2 4
TractariansontheContinent,2 74 ,2 9 0
-theirJesuiticaltacticsdescribed,
2 8 0 ,2 8 1
-
theirnegotiationswithDr . Wise-
man,2 8 1,2 8 2
-MovingtowardsRome,2 8 7
Transubstantiationtaughtbythe
C. B
. S. ,2 2 3-2 2 5
-taughtbytheGuildofAllSouls,2 2 9
Treatise of S
. CatherineofGenoaon
Purgatory, 2 2 8 ,2 2 9
Truro(B ishopof) [Dr. Gott]recom-
mendsthePriest'sPrayer
B ook, 2 9 4
Urquhart(Rev . E. W . ) teachesTran-
substantiation,2 2 3-2 2 5
Union,Review,9 4 ,2 5 2 ,2 61,30 9 -312 ,330
Vaux(Rev . J .
E. ) , 14 8
VirtuesofHolySalt,HolyWater,
andHolyOil,WhattheRitualists
teachaboutthe,4 0 6-4 0 8
VowofObediencebyRitualistic
Sisters,167,2 68 ,169
- ofPovertybyRitualisticSis-
ters,169
- 179
-
ofCelibacytakenbyagirlof
eighteenforlife,18 o
- censuredbyB ishopS
. Wilberforce,
18 2
VowsinSt . Margaret'sSisterhood,
EastGrinstead,takenforlife,172
-ofRitualisticSisterscensured
byB ishopS. Wilberforce,2 8 o
Vows(Perpetual) byRitualisticSis-
terscensuredbyArchbishop
Tait,18 2 ,18 3
Ward(Rev. A. H. ) favoursdisbanding
theSocietyoftheHolyCross,133
Ward(Rev
. WilliamGeorge) ,his
Jesuiticalconduct,15
-
onEquivocation,16
-theJesuitshis"favouritereading,"
2 74
- onUnionwithRome,2 8 0
- Ideal ofa
ChristianChurch, 2 8 7,
2 8 8 -2 9 0
-
holdsallRomandoctrine,2 8 8
Walker(Rev. HenryAston) opposes
S . S
. C . deputationtotheB ishops,
2 0 8
Wallace(Rev. C . S. ) , andtheSociety
oftheHolyCross,12 7
-
thankedbyS. S. C . forhiscon-
duct,12 7
-opposespublicationof Priest in
Absolution, 136
Watson(Mr
. Joshua) ontheulterior
destinationofTractarianism,5
INDEX.
WestMailing,enclosedRitualistic
Nunsat,18 4
WhattheRitualistsTeach,373
-
4 10
Wilberforce(B ishopSamuel) ,v .
-ontheVowsofRitualisticSisters,2 8 0
- CensuresVowsofCelibacy in
RitualisticSisterhoods,18 1
- onFastingCommunion,2 15
Williams(Rev. Isaac) ,7,8 ,9
WilliamG. WardandtheOxfordMove-
ment, 16, 2
74 . 2 79 -
2 8 2 ,2 8 8
Willington(Rev. HenryEdward)
MemberofCommitteeforRe-
visingStatutesofS . S. C . ,138
Wilson(Rev . RobertJames) andthe
PriestinAbsolution, 10 0 , 12 2
- MemberofCommitteeforRevising
StatutesofS. S. C . ,138
Wiseman(Cardinal) ,2 8 ,2 9 ,30
- interviewwithNewmanand
Froude, 2 6
3 . 2 9 4
-discussesReunionwithRomewith
Tractarians . 2 8 1
WolverhamptonProvinceofthe
GuildofSt . Alban'ssympathises
withtheS
. S . C . ,137
WomenandtheConfessional,8 1,8 2 ,
8 3,
8 7. 9 0
.
9 1, 12 0
-
ruinedbyRitualisticConfessors,2 17
Wood(Hon
. C. L
. ) (seealsounder
Halifax) advocatesMassesfor
theDead,2 13
- ElectedPresidentoftheEnglish
ChurchUnion,335
Wood(Rev . E. G . ) hisresolutionsfor
disbandingS
. S. C
. ,130
- ontheJesuitOrder,131
- onPurgatory,2 14 ,2 31
-
onjurisdictionintheConfessional,
76
- hissubtleadvicetotheSocietyof
theHolyCross,12 5
- oncompulsoryConfession,12 6
Wordsworth(B ishopChristopher) on
RomeastheB abylonofthe
Revelation,370
- UnionwithRome, 370 ,371
Z anzibar(B ishopof) [Dr . Richard-
son],76
- aMemberoftheSocietyofthe
HolyCross,79
- aMemberoftheConfraternityof
theB lessedSacrament,2 2 5
Z ululand(B ishopof) [Dr . W. M.
Carter]aMemberoftheCon-
fraternityoftheB lessedSacra-
ment,2 2 5
O.
NORMANANDSON,PRINTERS,FLORALSTREET, COVENTGARDEN,LONDON.
TheSecretHistory
ofthe
OxfordMovement
.
B yWALTERWALSH.
SixthEdition . 3s6dnet. Postfree, 4 s.
This isamoststartlingexposure,andhascreateda great
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T
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invite all those who have been convinced by the
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Anti-RitualisticMovementforthirty-threeyears
.
Aperusalofthefollowingwillgivesomeideaoftheworkin
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Acorrespondent,writingwithregardtotheCouncil,refersto
themas "Thosewhohaveoneveryoccasionexhibitedanamount
of-judgment,discretionandresolution,whichitwouldbehardto
matchinthetransactionsofanyotherdeliberativeandadministrative
body. "
TheRev
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" ImeasurethevalueoftheChurchAssociationnotsomuchby
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" ThesuccessofCranmer,Latimer,andRidleyinpreservingthe
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whentheywerebeingburntalivewithinaquarterofamileofthis
rectory.
YetweknowwhatgreatresultsGodultimatelygaveto
theirnobleself-sacrificeforthecauseofHisTruth . "
TheRt . Rev
. theLordB p. ofLiverpool
(whentheRev . CanonRyle)
spokeoftheChurchAssociationasfollows :-
" Iknownowayofmeetingtheevilaroundusexceptbysucha
. combinationasthatpresentedbytheChurchAssociation-acom-
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testantcharacterofourChurch,-bysuchworkmuchgoodmaybe
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TheChurchAssociationwas institutedini
:8 65 toUpholdthe
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ItseekstoeffecttheseobjectsbypublicitythroughLectures,
Meetings,andtheuseofthePress,bytheemploymentofColporteurs,
LayEvangelists,andProtestantVans,byProtestantLayMissions,
. andbyAppealstoParliamenttopasssuchmeasuresasmaybe
neededtorestrainclergymenfromviolatingtheorderoftheirChurch,
. andobtrudingontheirparishionerspracticesanddoctrinesrepugnant
totheFormulariesandArticlesofourReformedChurch
.
TheChurch Association hasatconsiderablecostobtainedthe
condemnationbytheEcclesiasticalCourtsofmorethan SIXTY
ceremoniesandpracticessymbolicalofPopishDoctriesillegally
introducedbytheRitualistsintotheServicesofourReformed
Church.
Ithascirculatedliterature "
wholesomeandnecessary "
forthese
times-millionsofPamphletsandTractsagainstRitualism-andby
thesemeansthecountryhasbeenawakenedtothedangersofthe
Ritualistic " Conspiracy
. "TheAssociationisreallyaCh . ofEngland
ProtestantTractSociety.
Ithasnosympathywithimprisonmentofclergymen . Itintro-
ducedintoParliamentaB illwhich,ifpassed,wouldhavesubstituted
DeprivationforImprisonment .
ItintroducedaB illintoParliamenttoabolishtheB ishops'Veto,
whichatpresentbarstheLaityfromtheirrightofappealingtothe
EcclesiasticalCourtsincaseswheretheRomishMassisthrustupon
, themintheirParishChurches .
Ithastocopewithlawlessnessinhighplaces,andtodefendthe
interestsofLaw,Order,andTruth .
Ithastosatisfyappealsforadviceandhelpfromdistressedand
oppressedcongregations .
IthastoaidProtestantHomeMission-work,toassistthose
involvedincontroversy,tofurnishpapersonmattersthatarise
affectingEvangelicalreligion,andtoprovidesuitableLectures .
IthastodevisehowtomeettheschemesofSacerdotalisminthe
wideningarenaofPolitics .
IthastoguardtheinterestsoftheLaityinallChurchmatters,
especiallyinthematterof
" ChurchReform,"asithasdoneinthe
matterofthe " B enefices " B ill .
Ithastochecktheattemptedrevivalofsacerdotalcasteprivileges,
and " benefitofclergy
. "
Ithastocontestthegroundinchbyinchinfightingthebattleof
theReformationanddefendingtheConstitutionalSettlementof
ChurchandState .
IthasestablishedtheNationalProtestantLeague,whichisnota
newSociety,butafurtherdevelopmentoftheChurchAssociationto
enablethemassestotakeapartinopposingthepresentgreat
conspiracytoRomanizeourChurchandNation .
IthasappointedColporteursandLayEvangelistsforcertain
countiesandithopestoincreasethenumber
.
Thesemenaredoing
splendidworkamongstthemuchneglectedruralpopulations,dis-
tributingProtestantliterature,explainingtheinroadsofRitualism,
preachingthesimpleGospel,andurgingElectorstovoteforthemost
ProtestantcandidateattheParliamentaryelections .
IthassentforthintotheProvinceselevenTravellingVans,witha
ColporteurEvangelistineach . Theyeachcarrywiththemalarge
stockofB ibles,PrayerB ooks,andProtestant' ; terature,forsaleand
freecirculation .
TheseVanstraveloneachdaytoafreshtownor
village,ProtestantGospeladdressesaregiveneacheveningandlarge
quantitiesofliteraturedistributed . GreatgoodtotheProtestant
Causehasalreadyresultedfromthislatestdevelopmentofthework
oftheAssociation .
IthasestablishedattheheadOfficeregularmeetingsforPrayerand
thestudyofGod'sWord .
IthasgatheredtogetherthefinestProtestantlibraryintheKing-
dom,consistingofsometenthousandbooksandpamphlets . The
LibraryisopentoMembersonWednesdayineachweek.
IthasinducedtheGovernmenttopublishafacsimileofthe
annexed " bookwhichisthestatutableauthorityforourpresent
PrayerB ook,andisendeavouringtocompeltheQueen'sPrintersto
issueprintedPrayerB ooksinconformitywithit,andwithout
unauthorizedalterations ; andinthisithasalreadybeenpartly
successful
.
PROTESTANT PUB LICATIONS.
The Church Association publishesinitsmonthlyorgan,the
ChurchIntelligencer, exactinformationastocontrovertedpointsin
themeaningandstructureoftheB ookofCommonPrayer,theThirty-
nineArticles,andtheFormularies ; callsattentiontoattacksuponthe
ProtestantprinciplesoftheReformedChurchofEngland,whether
inParliament,inConvocation,orinthePress ; analyzesthedriftof
themovementforincreasingsacerdotalprivilegesandassumptions,
andespeciallythetendencytovestirresponsiblepowerinthehands
oftheB ishops,andisachannelfortheexchangeofthoughtbetween
Churchmenwhovaluetheseobjects . TheChurchIntelligencer costs
id
permonth,andmaybeorderedofanybookseller .
Itissuesfivevolumeswhichdealwithnearlyeverypointofthe
RitualisticControversy,andshowsthepracticeswhichhavebeen
condemnedasunlawfulintheChurchofEngland
.
Theyforma
completeLibraryontheRitualisticControversy,andshouldbeinthe
handsofeveryProtestantChurchmanthroughoutthecountry . Sent
freebypost,
Is
4 d eachvol. ,orhandsomelyboundinclothatisiod
eachvolume .
ItpublishesanAlmanackandDiaryforthepocket,priceone
penny,whichisfullofinterestingmatter .
Statisticsastothe
RitualisticConspiracy. DatesofprincipaleventsinReformation .
ListsofArchbishops,B ishops,Deans,Chancellors . TableofLessons
foreverydayintheyear . SundayNotesforClergy,& c . ,& c . ,& c.
Price,postfree, i 2 d.
ItpublishesaGuidetoEcclesiasticalLawfortheuseofChurch-
wardensandParishioners,fullofhintsandsuggestionsforopposing
Ritualism . Price,postfree,
is2 2 d .
IthaspublishedtheRev. DysonHague'sinvaluablebook,
TheProtestantismofthePrayerB ook, themostreadablebookon
thissubject . Price,
is6d ; postfree,is rod.
IthaspublishedaworkbyMr . J . T. Tomlinsonentitled, ThePrayer
B ook,ArticlesandHomilies
:someforgottenfactsintheirHistory
whichmaydecidetheirinterpretation . Price5 snet,postfree .
IthaspublishedaworkbyMr
. WalterWalshentitled,
TheSecret
HistoryoftheOxfordMovement, thefirsttwoeditionsofwhichwere
soldatios
6d, butwhichisnowissuedat 3s 6d.
Ithaspublished AnIndictmentoftheB ishops,shewinghowthe
ChurchofEnglandisbeingcorruptedandbetrayedbythem . Post
free, isad.
Ithasjustpublishedthesixtheditionof The " Historical "
Grounds
oftheLambethfudgment . Postfree,lad .
PROTESTANTVANMISSIONWORKINTHE
VILLAGESOFENGLAND
.
TheStateoftheVillageswheretheVansgo.
TheRock
putsthecaseoftheVillagerssomewhatinthisway-
PicturetoyourselfChurchmaninaCountryVillageinwhichthe
Church isinthehandsofaSacerdotalist . Tryandrealisethe
deadeningeffect ontheirspirituallifeweekbyweek,notonly
neverhearingasermonwhichdoesnotirritateratherthanhelpthem,
butunabletoattendaserviceinwhichtheycanheartilyjoin,
debarredtheLord'sTable becausetheritualadoptedsymbolises a
doctrinetheyholdtobefalse,andcommitsthemtoaworshipwhichthey
regardasidolatrous . Picturetoyourselvestheirchildrenbeing
slowly wonbysensuousservicesandtheperseveringblandishments
of priestlings,sothatawallisgrowingupbetweenthemandthose-
theylovemostdearly-andthenletusask,Who will cometo
our
helptoenable us tocontinuetocarrytheblessedGospelto-
thesedark spots
inruralEngland ?
VanWorkduring
18 9 7.
NumberofProtestantPublicationsdistributedfree . 116,0 0 3
NumberofProtestantPublicationssold . 4 0 ,72 1
NumberofVillagesandTownsvisited

1,5 . } 1
•

NumberofGospelandProtestantAddressesgiven . 2 ,32 2
TheChurchAssociationappealsforsupport-
i . -B ecauseitisnecessarytoopposeRitualism,ashelpingtothrust
upontheunwarythePoperywhichwascastoutattheReformation,
andwhichmadeEnglandcringetoaforeignpotentate,keptbackthe
B iblefromourpeople,delugedourlandwithsuperstitionand
ignorance,andburnedourProtestantReformers .
2 . -B ecauseapowerfulorganisationisneededtoopposethe
,
thoroughlyorganisedeffortsofthosewhoaretryingtoundothework
oftheReformation ; anditistheonlyorganisationwiththespecial
objectofopposingthenumerousagenciesofRitualism .
3 . -B ecausethe "
EnglishChurchUnion,"the"Societyofthe
HolyCross,"the " ConfraternityoftheB lessedSacrament,"the
"AssociationforthepromotionoftheUnityofChristendom,"and
numerousGuilds,B rotherhoods,andSisterhoodsareactivelypro-
motingtheavowedobjectof
" un-Protestantising " ourChurch .
4
. -B ecausealargenumberoftheclergyandlaityhavejoinedthe
•
ChurchofRome,andamuchlargernumberhaveadoptedthoroughly
RomishdoctrinesandpracticeswhilestillcontinuingintheChurch
ofEngland ; thereforeallProtestantclergyandlaityshouldsupporta
SocietyexclusivelydevotedtotheworkofdefendingtheProtestantism
ofourChurch .
5 . -B ecausegoodChurchmanship,aswellasgoodcitizenship,
demandsthatthelawnowclearlydecidedshouldbeobeyed .
6
. -B ecausetheRitualistsareendeavouringtobringEnglishmen,
women,andevenchildrenwithintheunhealthyandunhallowed
influencesoftheConfessional,towhichtheAssociationismost
resolutelyopposed
.
7 . -B ecausethoughGodalonecandefendourChurchandcountry
fromalldangers,religiousornational-andtoHimmustbeallthe
gloryofgivingusthevictory-HeexpectsHisservantsasHis
instruments,tobe " workerstogetherwithHim,"to "earnestly
contendforthefaith,"andwhenHistruthandhonourareconcerned,
tobecarefulthatasaChurchweare "first pure, then peaceable . "
TheChurchAssociationenrolsAssociatesat5 s ; LayMembers
atlos ; ClericalMembersat5 s .
Theworkisgreatlycrippledforwantofadequatefunds . Urgent
appealsforhelpfromaggrievedParishionersareunwillinglyrejected
onthisaccount. Increasedsupportmeansincreasedwork . The-
CouncilwouldsaywithB ishopB arrington"IftheReformationwas
worthestablishingitisworthmaintaining,butitcanonlybemain-
tainedbyaconstantvigilanceinsupportofthoseprincipleswhich
effecteditinthesixteenthcentury. "
AllSpecialDonationsandSubscriptionstocarryonthework
indicatedaboveshouldbesenttotheSecretary,Mr . HENRYMILLER,
14 , B uckinghamStreet,Strand,London ; ormaybepaidtothe
accountoftheAssociationattheB ankofMessrs . B ARCLAY
& Co
. ;
Limited, I, PallMallEast, S. W. , and 5 . } , LombardStreet, E. C . ,
London .
Post-OfficeOrdersshouldbemadepayableto HENRYMILLER, and
drawnuponCharingCross .
A PROTESTANTELECTORALROLL .
TheCounciloftheNationalProtestantLeagueisanxioustoobtain
ineveryconstituencyaRolloflooVoterswhoundertakenotto
pledgethemselvestovoteforanyCandidateatthenextElectionuntil
aftertheyhavebeencalledtogethertoconsider,inconjunctionwith
theLondonCounciloftheNationalProtestantLeague,howtheir
unitedvotesmaybebestusedintheProtestantinterest .
PersonswillingtoundertakethecollectionofOneHundred
Signaturesshouldwritetothe REGISTRAR, NATIONALPROTESTANT
LEAGUE,
MR. HENRYMILLER,
14 ,B UCKINGHAMSTREET,
STRAND,LONDON.
ForsomeoftheProtestantB ooks,Pamphlets,andTractspublished
bytheChurchAssociationforpresentdayreading,seenextpage .
SOME
FORGOTTENFACTSINTHEIRHISTORYWHICH MAY
DECIDETHEIRINTERPRETATION.
B yJ. T. TOMLINSON
.
Price5 snet,postfree,32 0 pp . ,withPhotozincographicIllustrations
takenfromthe"DurhamB ook . "
"AlearnedandlucidexpositionoftheLiturgyoftheChurchofEngland,itshistoryand
meaning:'-Western Times, June6th,18 9 7 .
"Mr . Tomhnsonisascholarlyandaccuratestudent,whohasinallcasescarefullycollatedthe
documentswiththeoriginalsatLambeth,Cambridge,Durham,andtheB ritishMuseum,and
elatesclearlythegrounds,oftheconclusionsatwhichhehas arrived
. "-Manchester Guardian,
June2 9 th,18 9 7.
OnsuchstillvexedandimportantpointsastheOrnamentsRubric,theInjunctionsand
AdvertisementsofElizabeth,theThirty-firstArticle,the` B lackRubric,'andotherheads,
Mr
. Tomlinsonhasbeenatpainstocollatecarefullyhisdocumentswiththeoriginalsinthe
greatpubliclibraries,besidesproducingherephotozincographsofthefamous'DurhamB ook
. "'
-B ookseller, July7th,18 9 7 .
"Oughttobecomeatext-bookineverybishop'sexaminationforOrders :"-Rock,July 9 th,18 9 7
.
" Mr
. Tomlinsonwriteswithlearning,candour,goodtemper,andmoderation,anditishoped
thatbothaideswillmakethemselvesmastersofhislaboriousinvestigations . "-Churchman,
August,18 9 7 .
' Mr .
J .
T
. Tomlinsoniswellknownasanacuteandlearnedcontroversialist,andhislatest
volume
The PrayerB ook,Articles,andHomilies (ElliotStock) isnotunworthyofhim . "-
TherationalChurch, August14 th,18 9 7 .
1 IC
ASetoftheTracts(1to2 5 0 ) boundin 5 volumes, atis per vol. ,
s. d.
orpostfreeIs Sd ; inclothatis 6d pervol . ,orpostfree

8 4
TheseformacompleteLibraryontheRitualisticControversy,andshould
beinthehandsofeveryProtestantChurchman
.
CollectedTractsonRitual. Editedorwritten byJ. T. TownlNSON
2 s, orpostfree 2 4
TheProtestantismofthePrayerB ook
. B y the REV. DvsoN
HAGUE, M. A. Cloth

reducedto is 6d, orpostfree

110
Forpopularreadingthebestbookofitskind .
AGuidetoEcclesiasticalLaw,forChurchwardensand
Parishioners . Compiledby HENRY MILLas . WithPlatesillustratingthe
Vestments,& c . Fifthedition

Is, orpostfree 12 }
TheChurchIntelligencer, theOrganoftheChurchAssociation,
publishedmonthly,price id ;
AnnualSubscription

. freebypost 16
HistoricalGroundsoftheLambethJudgment .
B y
J . T.
TOMLINSON. Sixthedition

6d, orpostfree
0 7
The"LegalHistory"ofCanonStubbs .
B yJ . T. ToManisoN
6d, orpostfree 0 8
TheGreatParliamentaryDebatein15 4 8 ontheLord's
Supper . B yJ . T. TOMLINB ON

6d, orpostfree 0 7
TheSecretWorkoftheRitualists . A StartlingExposure
2 d,
orpostfree 0 2 }
PrayersfortheDead .
B ythe REV. Ds . Wuxawr 2 d, orpostfree0 2
'TheGreekChurch
. HerDoctrinesandPrinciplescon-
trastedwiththoseoftheChurchofEngland . IsUniondesirableorpossible?
ALecturebytheREV.
JOSEPH B ARD5 LEY,D
. D
. .

2 d, orpostfree 0 2
"TheLiturgyandtheEastwardPosition . " Illustratedby
fifteenoftheoldestknownrepresentationsoftheLord'sSupper
. B yJ. T.
TOMLIceSON
.

2 d, orpostfree 0 2
UnionwithOrientalChurches .
B ythe REV. H
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thePrayerB ook
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