A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical

substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed between a cation, which is usually a metal, and an anion, which is usually a nonmetal. Pure ionic bonding cannot exist: all ionic compounds have some degree of covalent bonding. Thus, an ionic bond is considered a bond where the ionic character is greater than the covalent character. The larger the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms involved in the bond, the more ionic (polar) the bond is. Bonds with partially ionic and partially covalent character are called polar covalent bonds. Ionic bonding is a form of noncovalent bonding. A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bondingCovalent bonding includes many kinds of interaction, including bonding, -bonding, metal-to-metal bonding, agostic interactions, and three-center two-electron bonds.[2][3] The term covalent bond dates from 1939The prefix co- means jointly, associated in action, partnered to a lesser degree, etc.; thus a "co-valent bond", in essence, means that the atoms share "valence", such as is discussed in valence bond theory. In the molecule H2, the hydrogen atoms share the two electrons via covalent bonding. Covalency is greatest between atoms of similar electronegativities. Thus, covalent bonding does not necessarily require the two atoms be of the same elements, only that they be of comparable electronegativity. Although covalent bonding entails sharing of electrons, it is not necessarily delocalized. Furthermore, in contrast to electrostatic interactions ("ionic bonds") the strength of covalent bond depends on the angular relation between atoms in polyatomic molecules.

In a metallic bond, bonding electrons are delocalized over a lattice of atoms. By contrast, in ionic compounds, the locations of the binding electrons and their charges are static. The freelymoving or delocalization of bonding electrons leads to classical metallic properties such as shininess (surface light reflectivity), electrical and thermal conductivity, ductility, and high tensile strength.

EXAMPLE OF IONIC BOND Sodium Chloride has an ionic bond (NaCl). And so is Silver Chloride (AgCl) and iron oxide (Fe2O3 or FeO). There are countless compounds that have ionic bonds... just look at the periodic table, and pick two elements, one with a positive charge, and one with a negative charge, and its ionic! As for covalent, many covalent bonds are complex like sugar (C6H12O6) but simple ones are carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) or even carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide!

Examples of Covalent Bond A covalent bond may exist between similar or different atoms. Here are some types of covalently bonded molecules which includes polar, non-polar and coordinate covalent bond.
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Water (H2O): In this molecule two hydrogen atoms share their single electrons with the Oxygen atoms, which shares its own two electrons in return. This is an example of polar covalent bond, which is created because of higher electronegativity of oxygen. Hydrogen Molecule (H2): This is a non-polar covalent bond example as an electron pair is equally shared between the two hydrogen atoms. Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl): This is a coordinate covalent bond example, where both electrons required for bonding are supplied by the same atom. This is a special case of covalent bonding. Hydrogen Chloride (HCl): This is another polar covalent bond example, where the electron pair is pulled more towards the chlorine atom, which has a higher electronegativity.

EXAMPLE OF METALLIC BOND

Any metallic element has metallic bonds: Copper, zinc, sodium, lithium, francium, iron, cobalt, calcium, magnesium, silver, gold, barium, platinum, chromium are a few.