Veerayatan Group of Institutions Faculty of Engineering & Faculty of Management Question Bank

CIVIL (SEM-IV) Advanced Surveying

Associate Professor: BRIJESH RAYCHANDA

CHAPTER-1- TACHEOMETRIC SURVEYING

(1) What is the principle of Tacheometry ? derive the expression for horizontal and vertical distances in the fixed hair method when the staff is held vertically and the measure angle is that of elevation . (2) Differentiate (i) Fixed hair method and movable hair method (ii) Plane surveying and Geodetic Surveying . (3) Derive the formula for finding the Distance And Elevation of Staff Station by Tacheometer when staff is Vertical . (4) Derive the expression for the horizontal and vertical distances in the Fix hair method when the staff is held vertically and the measured angle is that of elevation. (5) The following Observations were taken using a tacheometer fitted with an analytic lens, the staff being held vertically .The constant of instrument are 100. Inst. Height of Staff Vertical Hair Reading s Station Axis Station Angle P 1.45 B.M -6 12 0.98,1.54,2.10 P 1.45 Q +75 0.83,1.36,1.89 Q 1.57 R +12 21 1.89,2.48,3.07 Determine the Distance PQ and QR and the R.L.s of P,Q, and R. Remarks R.L OF B.M = 384.25

(6) To determine the distance between two stations A & B , a Tacheometer was set up at a point P on the line AB and the following observations were obtain on a staff vertically held . STAFF REMARKS READINGS 2.225, 2.605, P 2.985 R.L of A is 50.00 M B -1 06 1.640, 1.920, 2.200 Calculate the horizontal distance AB and R.L . of B when the constant of instrument are 100 and 0.00. INSTRUMENT STAFF STATION STATION A VERTICAL ANGLE +8 24

(7) Explain in Detail the field procedure of Tacheometric survey which you have carried out. (8) What is analytic lens? Where is it fitted ? What are its Advantages ? (9) Explain Principal of Stadia Method . (10) What are the sources of Error in Tacheometry? What are the permissible Error ? (11) Difference between Theodolite and Tacheometer. (12) Determine gradient from point A to point B from following observations made using tacheometer fitted with an analytic las at instrument station P for staff held vertically . Staff point A Bearing 130 120 Vertical angle +10 40 + 5 20 Staff reading 1.360, 1.915 2.470 1.065, 1.885, 2.705

Chapter -2 GEODETIC SURVEYING

(13) What is meant by triangulation ? How will you select base line and triangulation stations ? Explain strength of Figure. (14) The altitudes of two proposed station A and B , 100km apart, are respectively 420m and 700 m . The intervening obstruction situated at C, 70 km from A has an elevation of 478 m . ascertain if A and B are intervisible , and , if necessary , find by how much B should be raised so that the line of sight must nowhere be less than 3.10 m above the surface of the ground . (15) Explain the extension of base with neat sketch. (16) What is base line ? how is it selected ? describe the procedure of its extension. (17) Describe principal of triangulation system and show schematically different sets of triangulation figures . (18) What is triangulation ? What are the factors that affect the selection of triangulation stations? (19) What is meant by a satellite station? Why it is Required?

(20) Define : (1) Heliotropes (2) Station marks (3) Luminous signals (4)Target Signals. (21) Explain the Procedure of reduction to Center. (22) Explain Various type of Signals and their suitability.

CHAPTER-3 - THEORY OF ERRORS

(23) (24) Define weight of an observed quantity? Discuss various laws of weights. Determine the most probable values of the angle of a triangle PQR , from the

following given data. Use the method of correlates. P = 62 14 12 Q = 48 12 14 R= 69 33 28 WEIGHT-1 WEIGHT-3 WEIGHT-2

(25)

Define accidental error ,true value , direct observation , conditioned quantity, most

probable Value, true Error, normal equation. (26) Define (1)Tilt (2) Iso centre (3) Over lap (4) Side lap (5) Crab (6) Drift (7)

Principal Point (27) Following Readings of levels were carried out 2.335, ,2.345, 2.350, 2.300, 2.315,

2.305, 2.325 and 2.315 . Calculate (i) Probable Error for single Observation. (ii) Probable Error Mean.

CHAPTER-4 FIELD ASTRONOMY

(28)

Explain the following astronomical terms : (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) The celestial sphere The hour Angle The horizon Declination Also write uses of field Astronomy .

(29)

Find the hour angle and declination of a star from the following data: Latitude of Place = 4830N Azimuth of star = 50W Altitude of star = 2824.

(30)

Define celestial Sphere , Zenith, Nadir, Vertical circles ,Latitude, longitude,

Azimuth. (31) Determine the azimuth and altitude of a star from the following data. Latitude of the Observer = 48N Hour angle of star = 43 Declination of star = 18 20 N

CHAPTER 5 : AERIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY

(32) What is relief displacement ? Derive an expression for the relief displacement in a

vertical photographs. (33) A line AB measures 11.00 cm. on a photograph taken with a camera having a total

length of 21.5 cm. The same line measures 3 cm. on a map drawn to scale of 1/45000. Calculate the flying height of the air craft , if the average altitude is 350 m. (34) What is function of aerial camera? Describe schematically its essential parts. (35) What is meant by scale of vertical photograph? Determine scale of photograph for terrain lying at elevation of 50 m and 200m if vertical photograph was taken at altitude of 1200 meters. Take focal length of camera as 15cm. (36) The scale of aerial photograph is 1 cm=100 cm and photograph size 15cm*15cm. Determine the number of photograph required to cover an area of 15 km * 15 km if longitudinal lap is 60% and side lap is 30%.

CHAPTER 6: MODERN SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS

(32) Describe briefly the salient feature of total station. (33) Effects of EM radiation of the earths surface?

(34) Explain the basic principle of EDM. Write a brief note on Electromagnetic spectrum. (35) Write a short note on total station. (36) Enumerate different types of EDM instruments and describe the salient features of total station. (37) Write are the properties of electromagnetic waves? Draw complete electromagnetic spectrum showing all wavelengths.

CHAPTER 7: REMOTE SENSING

(38) Explain the basic principle of remote sensing. (39) What is basic principle of Remotesensing? Discuss active and passive remote sensing.

CHAPTER 8: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATIOM SYSTEM

(40) Describe global positioning system (GPS)in detail. (41) Define GIS. What are the key components of GIS? Write function of GIS. (42) Explain the various application with suitable example of Remote sensing and GIS in civil engineering. (43) Define GIS .Enlist key components of GIS. Explain application of GIS in civil engineering. (44) Write short note on Geospatial analysis. (45) What are the objectives of GIS ? Discuss the key components of GIS. (46) Explain schematically the interaction of electromagnetic radiations with earth and water surfaces.