WEB 3.

0: The Astonishing Avtar of Web

.Dr.H.B.Kekre, 2.Sudeep D. Thepade, 3.Bhushan S. Deshmukh 1 Senior Professor, 2 Assistant Professor, 3 Lecturer, Computer Engineering Department, MPSTME, SVKMs NMIMS University, Mumbai Email :1 hbkekre@yaho.com, 2 sudeepthepade@gmail.com, 3 bhushanbalaji_111@rediffmail.com
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Abstract Web 1.0 started as a streaming publish-to-read medium; web 2.0 has established itself as a publishing platform for everyone. Now web 3.0 is said to be a technologically advanced Internet [1],[2],[3], where the user executes and the machines do the thinking. But at this point its not the technology that needs to be improved. Its time that we finally get what we wanted at the beginning of Internet: An interactive, social and mainly - simple Internet. A Web 3.0 which will be based on the idea of read-write-execute, would be having a web that gives people the tools to expertise their own tools, their own software, etc, rather than just uploading substance to other people's software [5]. Why go to YouTube when you can set up your own MyTube, with the same functionality but customized to the specific purposes of your blog/community website/etc. People will be able to create their own multifaceted online social media tools with a few clicks, but remain linked to other tools and other people through classification, RSS and all that good stuff [6],[15]. Web 3.0 will also contain following marvelous characteristics [4]. It is Second Life-like: The next-generation Web 3.0 will permit users not only to produce and share content in the real world but also to produce and share content that is confined in virtual worlds. It is referred as the Semantic Web [2],[16]: Overlays of machine-understandable information that will allow to automate and perform interpretation on user's behalf [22]; Web 3.0 is a global "operating system" where all applications from personal productivity to enterprise applications are available on-line.

I.Web 3.0: The Semantic Web Web 3.0 will be basically based on the huge database and semantic relation between them [2]. Semantic are meanings. They are the relationships between what we think we know, and our experience of the world. The semantic of a language tell us how to interpret expressions in the language. Semantic technologies represent meaning and knowledge about things in a way that both people and computers can interpret them [22]. The building blocks of semantics in a computer are: theories, concepts, relationships and instances. Together these components from semantic models that represent knowledge. For example: I am a stamp collector over the years Ive collected a lot of stamps as shown in Fig.2. About every stamp, I

made a document as per Fig.4, at last I collected lot of documents but how will I find the specific stamp? Ah, of course by using GOOGLE search. This is the web we have today: A huge collection of documents. The words of all those documents are indexed. We can search for keywords [22].

Fig.1. Semantic Web Now, suppose I search for all red stamps, what do I get? Red stamps

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Stamps from red society Stamps from the Red Sea Stamps from the 75th anniversary of the Red Cross Stamps with red dragons

India between 1985 and 1995 is a question that will get a better answer with Web 3.0.But this definition of web 3.0 is a narrow definition .Like Web 2.0, Web 3.0 stands for a range of developments. A broader definition of Web 3.0 [1],[9]: A fast broadband connection to the internet, always and everywhere [10],[13]. Open source techniques and free data (Data as a Service) [12] Open identities [11],[14] Software as a Service (e.g. Google docs) [6] II.Generations of Web: The World Wide Web (www) is system of interlinked, hypertext documents that runs over the Internet. With a Web browser, a user views web pages that may contain text, images and other multimedia and navigates between them using hyperlinks.The Web was created around 1990 by the Englishman Tim Berners-Lee and Belgian Robert Cailliau working at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland [5],[12].

Fig.2. Collection of Stamps

Fig.3. Google Search

Fig.4. Collection of documents Not very intelligent, but how can a computer know what I mean? Surely when we structurally describe that stamp is a stamp and red is a color so describing data in a structured way can best be done in a database. We can also connect different database together. Like The databases with stamps, with countries, with colors, with stamp traders. Here Web 3.0 creates a big collection of databases which can be connected on demand [13],[14]. Here agreement are made on the structure of data and the way data is described .Where the data is located is irrelevant Linking data is the power of web 3.0 [8]. So,I want all the red stamps, designed in U.K. but used in a 38 Fig.5. Webs Generations Since then, Berners-Lee has played an active role in guiding the development of Web standards (such as the mark-up languages in which Web pages are composed), and in recent years has advocated his vision of a semantic Web or Web 3.0. III. Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 The transition of Web sites from isolated information to sources of content and functionality, thus becoming computing platforms serving web application to end users [20]. A social phenomenon embracing an approach to generating and distributing

Web content itself, characterized by open communication, Decentralization of authority, freedom to share and re-use. Web 2.0, a phrase coined by O'Reilly Media in2004 [7] refers to a perceived secondgeneration of Web based communities and hosted services such as social networking sites, wikis, blogs and RSS (Really Simple Syndication) that facilitates collaboration and sharing between users [13],[17],[19].

Fig.6.Social Networking IV.Current Web : Web 2.0 It is Second generation of services available on the Web that lets people collaborate and share information online [18] Web 2.0 is in mid of its success .People are enjoying various s/w and application developed using web 2.0 technologies. There are few technologies which are grand successful in Web 2.0 world. They are Wikipedia [18], RSS, Blogs, YouTube, Ajax and Social Networking sites [20].

Fig.7. Wikipedia [18] A.Wikipedia: Wikipedia is a free online encyclopaedia. The name is come from the Hawaiian word for quick, "wiki", and

"encyclopaedia". Actively updated in over 100 languages, including constructed languages such as Esperanto, the English language Wikipedia contains over one and a half million articles. There are 11 other language editions with over 100,000 articles each, and over 50 languages with over 10,000 articles each. The lack of language barriers, and the fact that anybody with an Internet connection and a web browser can edit its contents Wikipedia termed as a "sum of public human knowledge." However, as in all fields of knowledge, there is much dispute over the accuracy of some information contained in Wikipedia. A very common disapproval of Wikipedia is its inconsistent and unauthoritative submission model. The encyclopaedia allows anybody to edit its pages, even secretly. B.RSS: RSS stands for "Really Simple Syndication". It is a way to easily distribute a list of headlines, update notices, and sometimes content to a wide number of people. It is used by computer programs that organize those headlines and notices for easy reading. Most people are interested in many websites whose content changes on an impulsive schedule. Examples of such websites are news sites, community and religious organization information pages, product information pages, medical websites, and weblogs. Repeatedly checking each website to see if there is any new content can be very dull. Email warning of changes was an early solution to this problem. Unfortunately, when you receive email notifications from multiple websites they are usually disorganized and can get crushing and are often mistaken for spam. RSS is a better way to be notified of new and changed contents. Notifications of changes to multiple websites are handled easily and the results are presented to you well organized and distinct from email. C. Blogs: A blog is basically a journal that is available on the web [21]. The activity of updating a blog is blogging and someone who keeps a blog is a blogger. Blogs are typically updated daily using software that allows people with little or no technical background to update and maintain the blog. Postings on a blog are almost always arranged in chronological order with the most recent additions featured most 39

prominently. Blogs are usually (but not always) written by one person and are updated pretty regularly. Blogs are often (but not always) written on a particular topic - there are blogs on virtually any topic you can think of. From photography, spirituality, recipes, personal diaries to hobbies. Blogging has as many applications and varieties as you can imagine. Whole blog communities have sprung up around some of these topics putting people into contact with each other in relationships where they can learn, share ideas, make friends with and even do business with people with similar interests from around the world. Blogs usually have a few features that are useful to know about if you want to get the most out of them as a reader. D. AJAX : It is short form of Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. The term was first used by Adaptive Path only in Feb 2005 [18]. Ajax is not a technology in itself. It removes the need to reload entire web page each time the user makes a change. Increase the web page's interactivity, speed and sability.XML is used as the format for transferring data between the server and client. XML files may be created dynamically by some form of server-side scripting The Ajax technique uses a combination of: XHTML and CSS, JavaScript XML-Http-Request-Frameobjects etc. Todays AJAX core is based on Microsoft XML-HTTP-Request Object introduced in IE 5.0. E.Videos and Social Networking sites : Videos streaming, uploading and downloading are the most popular and exciting features of web 2.0.Using application like YouTube, News video and etc you can watch your videos or videos published by third person around the globe and exchange information in form of video. Social Networking site played Important role in connecting the humans around the globe and sharing their thoughts, photos, videos and information on a click of button. Facebook, Orkut, Hi5 etc. are the best example of Social Networking sites.

Fig.8. Youtube Homepage

Fig.9. Global Information sharing

Fig.10. Google Earth image V. The Grid is Web 3.0 Grid Computing [23] is a rising computing model that treats all resources as a collection of manageable entities with common interfaces to such functionality as lifetime management, discoverable properties and accessibility via open protocols. Like the Internet, grid computing evolved from the computational needs of "big science". The Internet was developed to meet the need for a common communication medium between large, federally funded computing centres. These communication links led to resource and information sharing between these centres and ultimately to provide access to them for additional users. Ad hoc resource sharing 'procedures' among these original groups pointed the way toward standardization of the protocols needed to communicate between any administrative domains. The current grid technology can be viewed as an extension or application of this framework to create a more generic resource sharing context. The ideas of the grid (including those from distributed computing,

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object oriented programming, cluster computing, web services and others) were brought together by Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman and Steve Tuecke, widely regarded as the "fathers of the grid " [23]. They lead the effort to create the Globus Toolkit incorporating not just CPU management (examples: cluster management and cycle scavenging) but also storage management, security provisioning, data movement, monitoring and a toolkit for developing additional services based on the Same infrastructure including agreement arbitration, warning mechanisms, triggers services and information aggregation. In short, the term grid has much further reaching implications than the general public believes. While Globus Toolkit remains the genuine standard for building grid solutions, a number of other tools have been built that answer some subset of services needed to create an enterprise grid. VI. Transforming Web into a database The first step towards a Web 3.0 is the emergence of The Data Web as structured data records are published to the Web in reusable and remotely query able formats [22], such as XML, RDF and micro formats. The recent growth of SPARQL technology provides a standardized query language and API for searching across distributed RDF databases on the Web. The Data Web enables a new level of data integration and application interoperability, making data as openly accessible and linkable as Web pages. The Data Web is the first step on the path towards the full Semantic Web. In the Data Web phase, the focus is principally on making structured data available using RDF. The full Semantic Web stage will extend the scope such that both structured data and even what is traditionally thought of as unstructured or semi-structured content (such as Web pages, documents, etc.) will be widely available in RDF and OWL semantic formats. VII. An evolutionary path to AI Web 3.0 has also been used to describe an evolutionary path for the Web that leads to artificial intelligence that can reason about the Web in a quasi-human fashion. However, companies such as IBM and Google are implementing new technologies 41

that are yielding surprising information such as making predictions of hit songs from mining information on college music Web sites. There is also debate over whether the driving force behind Web 3.0 will be intelligent systems, or whether intelligence will emerge in a more organic fashion, from systems of intelligent people, such as via collaborative filtering services like Flicker that extract meaning and order from the existing Web and how people interact with it. Related to the artificial intelligence direction, Web 3.0 could be the understanding and extension of the Semantic web concept. Academic research is being conducted to develop software for reasoning, based on description logic and intelligent agents. Such applications can perform logical reasoning operations using sets of rules that express logical relationships between concepts and data on the Web. VIII. Evolution Towards 3D

Fig.12. 3D Web Logo Another possible path for Web 3.0 is towards the 3 dimensional visions championed by the Web3D Consortium. This would involve the Web transforming into a series of 3D spaces, taking the concept realized by Second Life further. This could open up new ways to connect and collaborate using 3D shared spaces.A quick recap, web3D is any form of real-time interactive 3D. This includes virtual worlds, mirror worlds, augmented reality, simulation, web3D/mixed reality applications, and more.

Fig.11. 3D Human Bones Image

The Outreach event had a good turnout with those from the web3D space, the virtual worlds industry, mirror worlds, and several web3D students. Across the world, the standard is growing in strength and adoption. Strength and stability comes from the partnerships with the W3C, ISO, Chromos, DICOM and OGC. IX. The Web 3.0 Interface The classic Web 3.0 interface requires four essential application types: 1: An application to configure your feeds using live examples [24]. Saved searches should give you back previous result first. Results are otherwise ordered by your interests. You can refuse or attach sources for relevancy. This application replaces existing search tools. 2: An application to view your feeds or search results, including anything tagged for your ID. There are buttons to let you filter and so on. This application replaces all current viewing applications, such as email, Web browser, and so on. 3: One or more applications to write, edit pictures or documents, create spreadsheets, and etc. Buttons that let you: publish, tag, save, and etc. Some tags and permission are assigned automatically or by default. These applications are like today's word processing (including email), image processing [25],[26], and other creative applications. What matters here are that they all output tagged documents with settings to control publishing levels. 4: Any other secondary applications for viewing specialized data such as a picture viewer, a music tuner, a game display, a video player, and so on. Everything that happens in one application should make sense in another application if you drag and drop. Moreover, you should be able to export from any of these applications to any format you wish, if necessary. X. Beyond Web 3.0 Whatever we call the next generation of the Web, what will come after it? Here are just a few: According to technology expert and entrepreneur the development of the Web moves in 10-year cycles. In the Web's first decade, most of the development focused on the back end, or infrastructure of the Web. 42

Programmers created the protocols and code languages

Fig.13. Web everywhere we use to make Web pages. In the second decade, focus shifted to the front end and the era of Web 2.0 began. Now people use Web pages as platforms for other applications. They also create mashups and experiment with ways to make Web experiences more interactive. We're at the end of the Web 2.0 cycle now. The next cycle will be Web 3.0, and the focus will shift back to the back end. Programmers will refine the Internet's infrastructure to support the advanced capabilities of Web 3.0 browsers. Once that phase ends, we'll enter the era of Web 4.0. Focus will return to the front end, and we'll see thousands of new programs that use Web 3.0 as a foundation. The Web will extend far beyond computers and cell phones. Everything from watches to television sets will connect to the Internet. Users will have a constant connection to the Web, and vice versa. Each user's software agent will learn more about its respective user by electronically observing his or her activities This might lead to debates about the balance between individual privacy [16] and the benefit of having a personalized Web browsing experience. The Web will combine with other forms of entertainment until all distinction between the forms of media is lost. Radio programs, television shows and feature films will rely on the Web as a delivery system.

XI. Conclusion The web 3.0 (semantic web) is an evolving extension of the World Wide Web in which web content can be expressed not only in natural language, but also in a form that can be understood, interpreted and used by software agents, thus permitting them to find, share and integrate information more easily. It derives from W3C director Tim Berners-Lee's vision of the Web as a

universal medium for data, information, and knowledge exchange. At its core, the semantic web comprises a philosophy, a set of design principles, collaborative working groups, and a variety of enabling technologies. Some elements of the semantic web are expressed as prospective future possibilities that have yet to be implemented or realized.

Fig.14. Web Technology Information Graph As more and more of the Web is becoming remixable, the entire system is turning into both a platform and the database. Yet, such transformations are never smooth. For one, scalability is a big issue. And of course legal aspects are never simple. It is not a question of if web sites become web services, but when and how. APIs are a more controlled, cleaner and altogether preferred way of becoming a web service. However, when APIs are not available or sufficient, scraping is bound to continue and expand. XII. References
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2009), 23-24 Jan 2009, Fr. CRCE, Mumbai. Is uploaded and available online at ACM portal.
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About Authors:

Dr. H. B. Kekre has received B.E. (Hons.) in Telecomm. Engineering. from Jabalpur University in 1958, M.Tech (Industrial Electronics) from IIT Bombay in 1960, M.S.Engg. (Electrical Engg.) from University of Ottawa in 1965 and Ph.D. (System Identification) from IIT Bombay in 1970. He has worked Over 35 years as Faculty of Electrical Engg. and then HOD Computer Science and Engg. at IIT Bombay. For last 13 years worked as a Professor in Department of Computer Engg. at Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Mumbai. He is currently Senior Professor working with Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, SVKMs NMIMS University, Vile Parle(w), Mumbai, INDIA. His areas of interest are Digital Signal processing and Image Processing. He has more than 250 papers in National / International Conferences / Journals to his credit. Recently six students working under his guidance have received best paper awards. Currently he is guiding seven Ph.D. students at MPSTME, SVKMs NMIMS University. Sudeep D. Thepade has Received B.E.(Computer) degree from North Maharashtra University with Distinction in 2003. M.E. in Computer Engineering from University of Mumbai in 2008 with Distinction, currently Perusing Ph.D. from SVKMs NMIMS University, Mumbai. He has more than 06 years of experience in teaching and industry. He was Lecturer in Dept. of Information Technology at Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Bandra(w), Mumbai for nearly 04 years. Currently working as Assistant Professor in Computer Engineering at Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, SVKMs NMIMS University, Vile Parle(w), Mumbai, INDIA. He is member of International Association of 45

Computer Science and Information Technology (IACSIT), Singapore. His areas of interest are Image Processing and Computer Networks. He has about 40 papers in National/International Conferences/Journals to his credit with a Best Paper Award at International Conference SSPCCIN-2008 and Second Best Paper Award at ThinkQuest-2009 National Level paper presentation competition for faculty. Bhushan S. Deshmukh has Received Diploma in computer technology from MSBTE with Distinction and B.E.(Computer Sci and Engg) degree from Sant Gadge baba Amravati University Maharashtra with First class in 2008. He has one year of experience in teaching and industry. Currently working as Lecturer in Computer Engineering at Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, SVKMs NMIMS University, Vile Parle(w), Mumbai, INDIA. His areas of interest are Web Technology, Computer Networks, Web Security and S/W Testing. He has done one project with NABARD namely Rural Agriculture Farmer Development System. In 2007.Project is selected on third level. He also has many school, college, district and state level awards in various fields to his credit.