1.

0 Introduction
1.1 Origin of the Report This project plan on Solar-powered Water Pumping Project in Rural Bangladesh was prepared as a requirement for the course Project Management (MGT 410), instructed by our course instructor Mr. Abu Md. Abdullah, Faculty of Business Administration, Eastern University.

1.2

Objective of the Report The main objective of the report was to come up with a project proposal that would have social and economic values in Bangladesh, and then come up with a project plan to implement it.

1.3

Scope of the Report There are vast amount of information available on solar energy implementation, for our purposes we have mainly concentrated on solar energy implementation in the Indian subcontinent.

1.4

Methodology of the Report For the purpose of this report secondary data collection method was used. The secondary data were mainly collected from various online sources.

1.5

Limitations of the Report Due to constraints of time and availability of relevant data we could not provide a much more in-depth analysis regarding the solar energy market of Bangladesh.

2.0 Alo
2.1 Industry overview
There is a looming energy crisis world-wide. It arises not only from shrinking reserves of fossil fuels and the public concern on the continued use of fossil fuel for energy generation, but also from ageing nuclear power plants (in the developed countries) which are going to cease operation in a relatively near future. There is a global realization that fossil fuel usage must be reduced drastically in order to arrest green house gas (mainly CO2) emission to the atmosphere, which causes global warming. In fact, this aspect of global warming, rather than the imminent shortage of fossil fuel, that is propelling all industrialized countries into taking urgent actions now. Commercial nuclear power all over the world is undergoing an unprecedented revival. But some countries, such as Germany, Italy and few others, are reluctant to jump into the nuclear bandwagon and, instead, concentrating on research and development of alternative sources of clean energy, particularly the solar energy. Out of these alternative sources, solar power seems very promising. The following diagram, Figure 1, shows the world wide growth of solar photovoltaic power from year 2000 to 2008. But even this fantastic growth is dwarfed by the phenomenal growth that is anticipated from year 2009 to 2020, which is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 1. Growth of Solar Power Worldwide from 2000 to 2008

Figure 2 Anticipated Growth of Solar Power Worldwide from 2009 to 2020.

Bangladesh is facing an acute shortage of energy. The present capacity-limited gas production cannot simultaneously meet both domestic gas requirements and support electricity generation for domestic and industrial purposes. The rationing of gas

supply to the fertilizer factories is going to affect the agricultural output. With load shedding across the country, industrial sector is adversely affected, with the consequence of reduced volume of industrial output and diminished export earnings. There are only 125,000 irrigation pumps for 22 million acres of cultivable land in Bangladesh. Most of these are diesel driven, because only 30% of villages could potentially be connected to electricity from the national grid. Electrification of the remaining villages, by grid extension, may have a substantial short-term impact on the economy, since electrically operated irrigation pumps are cheaper and service a higher irrigated area per hour than diesel pumps. However, 85% of national electricity generation is sourced from natural gas, with 46% already used directly in agricultural production. Natural gas reserves may be exhausted by 2015 if the current trend of consumption is continued, and National Energy Policy predicts the country would need to import fuel to meet a deficit of 6.75 % in electricity generation by 2,000 and 47% by 2020. Currently, Bangladesh imports about 2 million tons of crude oil and petroleum products every year, which accounts for 9% of the total import costs and requires 15% of the total export earnings.34

2.2 Company Overview:

Alo limited is a private limited business and will be formed within the next three months. It will be located in rural Mymensingh and will serve the people of the region with solar energy for irrigation pumps and lighting. It is coming in the country for the first time to meet the problems of the people regarding electricity and load shedding. In the bigger picture, the possible benefits will include reliving some of the pressure off the national power grid so that it can concentrate in providing power to urban consumers. The use of electric pumps can improve productivity in agriculture and provide cleaner water for the public water supply. Further future possible benefits can include household lighting, the ability to refrigerate food and medicine, and

food processing. Access to electricity also can make grain milling and agricultural processing less expensive and more convenient. The presence of electricity in a village also can result in better lighting for schools, health clinics and public streets.

Solar powered water project in Khulna

Using solar power in a remote school in Naypara Refugee Camp, by UNHCR.

3.0

Operation plan
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The operation of the system will be automatic. When the sun is shining the solar panels will convert the sunlight into electricity. The system wiring will carry the power through the charge controller and to the batteries. The power controller will turn the pump on and off. The pump will get its power from the batteries continuously throughout the day.

A typical solar water pumping system

3.1 System

Requirements:
Location

3.1.1

The most important element for choosing a site for one of these systems is access to unobstructed sunlight. Photovoltaic panels work optimally in direct sunlight, and are not at all shade tolerant. Any shadows cast on the solar panels will significantly reduce their power output. For this initial system we are also looking for a highly visible location in order to get as much public exposure for the project as possible. The centre will have a size of 25 m x 15 m. There will be a few rooms, one canteen and one workshop and some free space used for multiple purposes.

The rooms will be used for working and training purpose. The very simple local construction methods will be used to build the centre. Supporting with some steel pillars in every 5 m distance within all the major boundaries to form the lattice structure on which the photovoltaic modules will be installed, the roof of this centre will be constructed as monopitch roof with an inclination of 5 covered with the corrugated sheet. The construction work of the centre and the installation of modules could be done parallel immediate after the competition of fundament of the centre.

Location 3.1.2 Power source

Each solar cell produces about 0.5 volts in bright sunlight. Solar cells are linked together in a series to form a module and to

produce the required voltage. Solar modules are linked together in a series and in parallel to provide the power levels needed for the required application

Solar Modules

3.1.3

Motor/pump assembly

Offtheshelf, mass produced motors and pumps can be used for solar water pumping. Special pumps and motor have also been developed for solar systems.

Motor/pump Assembly 3.1.4 Power controllers

There are several types of power controllers available:

 Impedance matching devices (such as power maximisers) DC to AC inverters (used with AC pumps only) Switches and protective controllers.

Power Controllers and Inverters 3.1.5 Water storage

Solar water pumping systems are generally not designed to operate as on demand pressure systems. Water is pumped during daylight hours and stored for use as required. Solar water pumping systems are generally not designed to operate as ondemand pressure systems. Water is pumped during daylight hours and stored for use as required.

Water storage 3.1.6 Components

 Photovoltaic panels (either one or two 3'x 5' +/- panels, depending on if the system will be powering lights only or with LED displays. Mounting structure: An aluminum A frame with all stainless steel hardware will be integrated into the existing bus stop structure. Charge controller and lighting controller: This device prevents the solar panels from overcharging the batteries. It also provides lighting control to turn the lights on and off automatically. Batteries: Sealed, maintenance-free batteries will be used. Depending on the size of the system the battery bank will be located either above the shelter in a sealed enclosure, or in the house where it would be used. Optional battery charger. At homes that have existing utility power available, an AC battery charging circuit can be incorporated into the system. This can help reduce the size of the battery needed, and will also be an additional example of how a solar power system can integrate in homes and businesses.

4.0Financial plan
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4.1 Capital required

Initially to start the production the firm required 33,70,000 taka where the start up cost is 27, 65,000 taka and operating cost is 6,05,000 taka.

4.2 Start-up cost

The start up cost of the business is that needed initially to start the business. To start the business there are some fixed asset is required. These are

Description Equipment and machinery Land and building

Furniture and fixtures Other fixed cost Working Capital Computer Office room decoration Other costs and services Factory Van

Amount 15, 00,000 10, 00,000 40000 40000 50000 45000 20000 20000 50,000

Total Fixed cost / Start up cost

27, 65,000

4.3 Operating cost

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To operate the businesses there are some operating cost. Total operating cost for the company is 605,000.

Description Raw Materials Office rent Wages and Salary Marketing expenses Utilities Operating inventory Other factory overheads Total Operating cost

Amount 1,00,000 60,000 1,25,000 1,50,000 40000 50000 80000 6,05,000

4.4 Capital sources To form the business financial stability is very much needed. The capital may collect from various sources. These are Bank Petron Personal savings.

4.5 Cash capital

The cash capital of the business will 65 percent of total capital that is about 21,51,500 Rest of the amount will be collect from financial institutes.

4.6 Credit capital

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The company will manage 10 percent credit capital from raw materials suppliers. That would be about 10000 taka.

4.7 Debit capital

The company will collect 25 percent of the total amount from the financial institution as debt capital at the rate of 10%. The amount will be 842,500 taka.

4.8 Financial Projection

Financial projections of first one year financial projection will be as follows: The main source of the fund will be personal investment that arises from personal selling. About 40% of the investment will come from personal saving. Another 30% investment will come from the bank loan. And the 30% of the fund is from the partners who will have claim only on profit. The company thinks to raise funds from the primary market by offering share after 2 year.

5.0Marketing plan

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The product marketing plan involves engaging the consumer in the ongoing financial and environmental benefits, and initial installation rebates. A value-based pricing strategy reduces the focus on system cost by refocusing the investment on the value. The solar
program initiatives should include the four classic elements of marketing product, price, place and promotion.

Marketing solar programs must also address all four primary barriers cost, reliability, complexity and inertia to market growth in order to drive solar power installations. In order for the marketing plan to succeed it must address the technologys value proposition, its perception of unreliability, the complexity of purchasing solar and consumer inertia.

A robust action plan will ensure consumer awareness is improved and sales are increased. Consumer feedback will be collected to measure the effectiveness of the marketing plan, using traditional external data collection tools.

6.0

Organizational plan

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Once the project is completed and operations start, the managing director Masrur M. Haque will take the helm, under whom the four other departments will work. MD Delowar Hossain will be in control of financial issues, MD Khalid Hossain will be in charge of accounting, Rezaur Rahman will over see operational activities and MD Shajus Uddin Dhali will see to marketing activities.

7.0

Social & Economic Value

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The social and economic values of using solar power are numerous; they can be categorized into environmental, economic, social advantages.
7.1 Economic

Solar Energy Advantages

Can be permitted and installed faster than other traditional or renewable power plants. Has a predictable energy curve and is most efficient when utility rates are at their highest. Produces local, on-site energy, which reduces the need for extensive highvoltage transmission lines or a complex infrastructure. Reliable over the long term. With no moving parts, fixed photovoltaic systems last longer than other energy sources. Predictable pricing that is equal to or below retail energy rates.

Solar water pumps perform at their best and provide water throughout summer months when demand is greatest.
7.2 Environmental

Solar Energy Advantages

Clean, quiet and visually unobtrusive in nature. Solar energy plants do not have any polluting emissions, do not make any sound, and are not considered to be an "eyesore."

Uses little to no water in the production of zero-emission electricity.

Can be placed in virtually every geographical region because the sun is available everywhere. Offsets the need for polluting, expensive and inefficient "peaker" power plants.

7.3 Social

Solar Energy Advantages

Creates clean, renewable energy that will sustain and support the health of future generations.

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Is a distributed generation ("DG") energy source that can mitigate national security concerns about energy disruption.

Supports national energy independence because solar electricity is used where it is generated.

This project is intended to provide electricity services in remote and isolated

rural areas where the cost of a grid electricity service would be prohibitively high and could not be made available in the near future

8.0 s

Conclusion

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Implementation of this project will create tremendous enthusiasm about solar energy technology. Replacing the diesel generator in rural areas by solar Photovoltaic will create positive socio-economic impact and great enthusiasm among the local villagers, farmers. This successful demonstration of solar energy technology to remote and end users level will create good potential of expanding the project further.

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