Mia, Hannah Rachel S. Papa Ruvina Charisse B.

De La Salle University- Dasmarias Dasmarias, Cavite

ABSTRACT This experiment was about organic derivatives of water distinguishing its characteristic solubility based on their behavior and reactions were the main objective. For the first procedure 5 drops were placed on each of the following chemical samples: 1-butanol, 2-butanol, tert-butanol, phenol, diethyl ether and three unknown samples. New set of samples were primed for the subsequent test. 5 drops for each sample, shook, and was observed to be able to have the experiment possible. Solubility in water (distilled water), solubility in NaOH (NaOH), Bayers oxidation (Bayers reagent), Chromic acid oxidation (Na2Cr2O7 and 3 drops of H2SO4), Ferric chloride test (ferric chloride) and 10 drops of (Lucas reagent) for Lucas test. The unknown samples had been identified by comparing their solubility and reaction profile against of the known compounds.

INTRODUCTION Organic derivatives of water use alcohol as its main component. Alcohol is a generic name for large group of organic chemical compounds and there are many kinds of alcohol. Each type of it has diverse reactivity towards a variety of reagents. The general formula for alcohol is R-OH, where R signifies a hydrocarbon radical attached to an -OH group. They are derivatives of hydrocarbons in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replacing by a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group. Hydrocarbons are compounds with include hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) atoms only. The hydroxyl group imparts particular properties to the essential to which it is attached.

OBJECTIVES To be able to understand how to distinguish unknown samples of alcohols, phenols, and ethers. To test out the pertinent general reactions and solubility of the said samples for this experiment. To have knowledge about the different reactivity of alcohol towards various reagents.

MATERIALS AND REAGENTS 95% Ethanol 2-butanol Tert-butyl Diethyl ether Phenol Lucas reagent Bayers reagent 1% Ferric chloride 1M Na2Cr2O7 Conc. H2SO4 1 M NaOH Distilled water Test tubes Pasteur Pipettes

DISCUSSION

A. Solubility and reaction profile Solubility Solubility Bayers in H2O in NaOH oxidation + ++ + ++ + ++ + ++ ++ + + ++ + ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++ 1M Sodium Chromate ++ ++ + + ++ Lucas Test + + + + ++ Ferric Chloride + ++ + + ++

Samples Ethanol 2-Butanol tertButanol Phenol Diethyl ether Unknown 1 Unknown 2 Unknown 3

B. Pertinent General reactions In Bayers oxidation the reagent was violet and when the group added 5 drops of phenol it turned to brownish black and it produce black precipitate. When the unknown 3 reagent was added to the Bayers it turned darker. When the group added few drops of n-Butanol to 1M sodium chromate, the reagent turned from yellow to green then blue green the reaction was faster and after a few seconds there was a layer therefore it was insoluble to 1M sodium Chromate. When the 2Butanol was added it was yellow but when it reacted with sodium chromate it divides in to layer. The upper layer was yellow and the bottom layer turned to green. The 3-butanol was added the reagent was orange and turned to green. When reagent unknown 1, 2, and 3 are mixed to other reagent there was an oily substance that left after a few seconds, it means that it was slightly soluble to the reagents and to some reagent it was insoluble. The identities of the group for the unknown samples was sample 1 was ether sample 2 was phenol and sample 3 was alcohol.

ACTUAL EXPERIMENTATION

CONCLUSION

Therefore the group concluded that the group was able to identify the right unknown product of each samples. The Identities of the unknown samples were: unknown 1 was n- Butanol, unknown 2 was di-isopropyl ether and the unknown 3 was cathecol. And now, the group knew how to recognize the unknown sample only by seeing it.

REFERENCES JOURNAL/ MANUAL: Legazpi G.A., Sta. Ana. S, Essentials of Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2010 ELECTRONIC REFERENCE: http://a-s.clayton.edu/shornbuckle/CHEM2412L/qualitative%20analysis%20pictures.htm http://kimiagar2010.blogspot.com http://chemcases.com/alcohol/alc-02.htm