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Core Network Overview Entities Shared between the Circuit Switched Domain and the Packet Switched Domain Entities in the Circuit Switched Domain Entities in the Packet Switched Domain
It contains:
Shared Entities Entities in the CS Domain Entities in the PS Domain
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A revisit of the core network overview Entities in the different core network domains Areas in UMTS
CS Entities
Common Entities
PS Entities
CS Entities
UTRAN
F Iu-cs
Mobile Switching Centre
F
Gateway MSC
MSC/VLR
GMSC
D
Register
EIR
Gr
UTRAN
Gc
Gateway GSN
Iu-ps
Gi
Serving GSN
SGSN
Gn
Gn
GGSN
CN
IU
Other SGSN
Disadvantages of separation
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Simple evolution from GSM/GPRS Low Risk Early Availability Service Continuity
Build and manage 2 networks Separate engineering and dimensioning Greater Infrastructure Cost Duplicated Functions
"MM in VLR and SGSN
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Home Location Register Authentication Centre Equipment Identity Register SMS-Service Centre
Subscription information; Location information enabling the charging and routing of calls towards the MSC where the MS is registered
The white list is composed of all number series of equipment identities that are permitted for use The black list contains all equipment identities that belong to equipment that need to be barred Equipment on the grey list are not barred, but are tracked by the network (for evaluation or other purposes)
Authentication Centre
The Authentication Centre (AuC) is associated with an HLR, and stores an identity key for each mobile subscriber registered with the associated HLR. This key is used to generate:
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data which are used to authenticate the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI); a key used to cipher communication over the radio path between the mobile station and the network.
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Gateway MSC
If a network delivering a call to the PLMN cannot interrogate the HLR, the call is routed to an MSC. This MSC will interrogate the appropriate HLR and then route the call to the MSC where the mobile station is located. The MSC which performs the routing function to the actual location of the MS is called the Gateway MSC (GMSC).
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The PS domain deals with packet switched type connections and associated signalling
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i.e. those that are comprised of concatenations of bits formed into packets, each of which can be routed independently
SGSN GGSN
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Essentially a router supporting packet data transfer within UMTS For packet switched data performs additionally the role of the VLR and contains:
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Subscription information:
" The IMSI; " One or more temporary identities; " Zero or more PDP addresses.
Location information:
" Depending on the operating mode of the MS, the cell or the routing area where the MS is registered; " The VLR number of the associated VLR (if the Gs interface is implemented); " The GGSN address of each GGSN for which an active PDP context exists
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Acts as a gateway into the packet switched network much as the GMSC
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subscription information:
" the IMSI; " zero or more PDP addresses.
location information:
" the SGSN address for the SGSN where the MS is registered.
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Location Area
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UEs registered on the CS domain report their position in terms of LA UEs in idle mode monitor Location Area Identities (LAIs) and report changes Stored in the VLR UEs registered on the PS domain report their position in terms of RA UEs in both idle and connected mode monitor Routing Area Identities (RAIs) and support changes Stored in the SGSN Used once a signaling/traffic connection is established A subset of a RA
" " Only relevant to PS mode of operation Used by the RNC (not really relevant to the CN)
Routing Area
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Questions
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having separate CS and PS Domains in the core network? Which entities are involved in Mobility Management of visiting users?
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Session Summary
In the next session we shall look at the fixed network interfaces in UMTS
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