Seminar on

Wireless LAN Presented by

Poonam Kanade
M.E. Electronics & Telecommunication Terna Engineering College, Nerul. Date:09/03/2012

.Content

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What is Wireless LAN? Benefits of Wireless LAN. Practical Use of Wireless LAN. Wireless Network Components. IEEE Wireless Networking Specifications. Ad Hoc Mode vs. Infrastructure Mode. Wireless Security. References

.What is Wireless LAN?

A wireless local area network (LAN) is a flexible data communications system implemented as an extension to, or as an alternative for, a wired LAN. Using radio frequency (RF) technology, wireless LANs transmit and receive data over the air, minimizing the need for wired connections. Thus, combining data connectivity with user mobility.

Benefits of Wireless LAN .

Installation speed and simplicity No cable to pull. Eliminates current architecture obstacles. Few transmitters/receivers for multiple users. Installation flexibility The network goes where wires cannot. Not constrained by expensive walls. Easy to add more computers and devices. Reduced cost-of-ownership Mobile devices are less expensive than computer workstations. No need to build wiring closets.
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Benefits of Wireless LAN .

Mobility Access to real-time information. Supports productivity. Provides service opportunities. Promotes flexibility. Scalability Spans a variety of topologies. Configurations are easily changed. Works over great distances. Effective for wide range of user communities.
Small number of users with local needs. Full infrastructure networks roaming over a broad area. 5

Practical Use of Wireless LAN .

Corporate Mobile networking for e-mail, file sharing, and web browsing. Education Connectivity to the University Network for collaborative class activities. Ability to access research sources without requiring a hard point. Finance Facilitates electronic payments for goods and services. Improve the speed and quality of trades.
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Practical Use of Wireless LAN .

Manufacturing Link factory floor workstations to servers. Remote data collections. Tracking of goods. Healthcare Emergency medical information readily available. Access to schedule information. Hospitality and Retail Electronic food orders for pickup or from table. (Then Pay Electronically) Check public transportation. Send notice to hotel of arrival.
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Wireless Network Components .

Access Point The access point is a device that links a wireless network to a wired LAN. It increases the effective range of a wireless network and provides additional network management and security features.

Physical model of access point 8

Wireless Network Components .

PC Card A wireless PC card enables laptop users to connect wirelessly to the LAN.
Physical model of PC card

PCI Adapter A wireless access PCI adapter allows desktop PC users access to the LAN.

Physical model of PCI adapter 9

Wireless Network Components .

Router A router is a device used for sharing a single internet connection across multiple computers. This is ideal in the home or office where multiple computers and devices can be online at the same time with only a single Internet connection.

Physical model of Router 10

IEEE Wireless Networking specifications .

IEEE 802.11 802.11 protocol is a network access technology for providing connectivity between wireless stations and wired networking infrastructures. Allows for interoperability among different vendors equipment Specification 802.11 Operated in 2.4GHz

Delivered 1 to 2 Mbps using a technology known as phase- shift keying modulation.

This specification is no longer used and has been replaced by other forms of the 802.11 standard.
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IEEE Wireless Networking specifications .

IEEE 802.11a

Supplement to 802.11
Operated in 5-6GHz range. Uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) standard Data transfer rates can be as high as 54Mbps IEEE 802.11b Also known as Wi-Fi. Data transfer rates can be as high as 11Mbps Uses a technology known as complementary code keying modulation
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IEEE Wireless Networking specifications .

IEEE 802.11g

Most recent IEEE 802.11 standard

Operated in 2.4GHz. Uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) standard Data rates can be as high as 54Mbps over limited distance.

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.802.11 Standards Comparison

WLAN standard Pros Cons 802.11a Faster data transfer rates (up to Short range (60-100 feet) 54Mbps) Less able to penetrate physical Supports more simultaneous barriers connections Less susceptible to interference Better at penetrating physical barriers Longest range (70-150 feet) Hardware is usually less expensive Slower data transfer rates (up to 11Mbps) Doesn't support as many simultaneous connections More susceptible to interference

802.11b

802.11g

Faster data transfer rates (up to More susceptible to interference 54Mbps) Better range than 802.11a (65120 feet)

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 Also known as Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or peer-topeer mode. All of the computers and workstations connected with a wireless NIC card can communicate with each other via radio waves without an access point. It is convenient for quickly setting up a wireless network in a meeting room, hotel conference center, or where sufficient wired infrastructure does not exist.

Ad-Hoc mode .

Station1

Station2

Independent Basic Service Set(IBSS) (ad-hoc/peer to peer) 15

Infrastructure mode .

All mobile and wireless client devices and computers communicate with the access point. The access point performs the conversion of 802.11 packets to 802.3 Ethernet LAN packets. Distribution system

Extended Service Set(ESS) (Multiple infrastructure setups)

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Wireless security .
WEP For many wireless users, the enabling of built in security known as Wireless Equivalent Privacy(WEP). It is sufficient for home or small to medium office WLAN. It encrypts the data transmitted over WLAN. It uses 64 and 128 bit encryption . It can be very effective. Example- business and enterprise users.

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Wireless security .
MAC addresses Media Access Control(MAC) is hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of the network . Every network adapter has its unique MAC address. Wireless security is achieved by strictly specifying only those addresses that can attach to the network.

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Wireless security .
Disable DHCP by default, some access points respond directly to Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) requests or allow the forwarding of DHCP requests from clients. DHCP is a protocol for assigning IP addresses dynamically on a network. If DHCP enabled on a WLAN, and without proper security measures enabled, a user can connect automatically to the network.

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References .
Wireless LAN Networking- White Paper , U S Robotics http://www.pulsewan.com/data101/wireless_lan_basics.htm Raj Pandya (2003), Mobile and Personal Communication Systems and Services, Printice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd (Page 168-172). http://kb.iu.edu/data/aick.html

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THANK YOU