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DC MOTOR

PRESENTATION OF ELECTRICAL MACHINE

Assigned topics
TYPES OF DC MOTOR WORKING PRINCIPLE OF DC MOTOR

CONDITION OF MAX.POWER

TOPICS

BACK EMF

DERIVATION OF BACK EMF EQUATION

Group members

Syed Muhammad zaidi

TYPES OF DC MOTOR

Muhammad ali

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF DC MOTOR

RASHID HAMEED

Condition of

MAX POWER

Rehman ali

back emf
application of dc motor

Rizwan saeed

TYPES OF DC MOTOR (Syed Muhammad zaidi)

There are three types of Dc motor

Series wound

Shunt wound

Compound wound

Here I, brief series wound motor

In series wound motor, field coil is connected in series with armature. Because of series connectivity, its armature and field current is identical. The advantage of a series-wound motor is that it develops a large torque and can be operated at low speed.

Shunt wound motor

In shunt motor, field coil is connected in parallel with armature. It is used when starting torque is low and increases with motor speed.

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Compound motor
The compounded motor is desirable for a variety of applications because it combines the characteristics of a series-wound motor and a shuntwound motor. The compounded motor has a greater torque than a shunt motor due to the series field.

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Working Principle of DC Motor

When the coil is powered, a magnetic field is generated around the armature. The left side of the armature is pushed away from the left magnet and drawn towards the right, causing rotation. When the coil turns through 900, the brushes lose contact with the commutator and the current stops flowing through the coil. However the coil keeps turning because of its own momentum.

Working Principle of DC Motor

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Condition For Maximum Power

The mechanical power developed by the motor is Pm= EbIa Now Pm=VIa -I2aRa Since, V and Ra are fixed, power developed by the motor depends upon armature current. For maximum power, dPm/dIa should be zero. dPm/dIa = V 2IaRa or IaRa = V/2 Now, V = Eb + IaRa =Eb + V/2 therefore Eb= V/2 Hence mechanical power developed by the motor is maximum when back e.m.f. is equal to half the applied voltage. V = applied voltage Eb = back e.m.f. Ra = armature resistance Ia = armature current

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Back emf
Back e.m.f (or) counter e.m.f: When a D.C supply is given to dc motor its armature starts rotating.The armature rotates and cuts the static magnetic flux produced by the field magnets.Therefore emf is induced in the armature conductors (Faradays law of electromagnetic induction ).As per Lenz law this induced emf opposes the supply voltage.Hence the emf induced in the armature is called Back emf (or)counter emf(Eb).Back emf induced in the armature of the dc motor Eb = NZP/60A

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Applications of DC Motors:
1. D.C Shunt Motors:

Industrial use:
Lathes Drills Boring mills Shapers Spinning and Weaving machines. 3. D.C Compound motor: Differential compound motors are rarely used because of its poor torque characteristics. Industrial uses: Presses Shears Reciprocating machine.

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