Fact Sheet for Assessment Point KK-5

Watershed Restoration Plan

Assessment Point: KK-5 The following data are excerpts from multiple reports. While the same location in the Kinnickinnic watershed is represented, the assessment point IDs differ. Throughout the following data, Assessment Point KK-5 is also represented by: o Reach 830 o RI-830 o Holmes Avenue Creek

94
59

59

181

59

100

894

N at

io n

ve al A

Villa ge of WEST MILW AUKE E

B ur nha m S t

B ur nha m S t

SOUTH 43RD ST REET DIT CH

20 t h St 43 r d S t 35 t h St 27 t h St

C ii t y o f C ty of W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S

o el

60 t h St

ve tA

Linc oln A v e

Linc oln A v e

COMBINED SEWER AREA

24
C le v e la nd A v e

KINNICKINNIC RIVER

C le v e la nd A v e

T
Ok la hom a A v e
Fo r t es

om

ve

Ok la hom a A v e

60 t h St

C le m en t Av e

LYONS PARK CREEK

43 r d S t C ha s e A v e 20 t h St 35 t h St 27 t h St 13 t h St 6t h S t

13 t h St

45

Fo

re

st

om

ve

794
38

62
32

Mo rg an A v e

Mo rg an A v e

U
894 45
CHEROKEE PARK CREEK

241

WILSON PARK CREEK

H owa r d A ve

C ii t y o f C ty of S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S

36
B oliv ar A ve

43

94
38

100

C ii t y o f C ty of G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD

43

894

VIL LA MANN CREEK

La y ton A v e La y ton A v e

Y
62

Edg e rt on A ve

H owe ll Av e

35 t h St

20 t h St

27 t h St

13 t h St

6t h S t

24

Pe nn sy lv a nn ia A v e

HOLMES AVENUE CREEK

WILSON PARK CREEK

C ii t y o f C ty of CUDAHY CUDAHY
Gr a nge Av e

32

Gr a nge Av e

Village of HALES CORNERS

119

Village of GREENDALE

62

LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Civil Divisions

KK WATERSHED
0 1,150 2,300 Feet 4,600

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

o Nati

A na l

ve
Burnham St Burnham St

SOUTH 43RD STREET DITCH

20th St 43rd St 35th St 27th St

H st re Fo

om

e Av

l Be

o it

60th St

e Av

Linc oln Ave

Linc oln Ave

COMBINED SEWER AREA

KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Cleveland Ave

Cleveland Ave

Okla homa Ave

H st re Fo

om

e Av
Okla homa Ave

60th St

Morgan Ave

Morgan Ave

WILSON PARK CREEK

Howard Ave

CHEROKEE PARK CREEK

Bolivar Ave

VILLA MANN CREEK

Lay ton Ave Lay ton Ave

Clement Ave

LYONS PARK CREEK

43rd St Chase Ave 20th St 35th St 27th St 13th St 6th St

13th St

Edgerton Ave

HOLMES AVENUE CREEK

WILSON PARK CREEK

Pennsy lvannia Ave

Gra nge Ave

Gra nge Ave

LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area Combined Sewer Service Area Civil Divisions

Howell Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

13th St

6th St

Aerial Map
0 1,100 2,200 Feet 4,400

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

94
59

59

181

59

100

894

o Na ti

nal

Av e

Villa ge of WEST MILWAUKEE

Burnham St

Burnham St

20th St

C ii tt y o ff C y o W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S

lo Be

it

e Av

35th St

27th St

Lincoln Ave

Lincoln Ave

60th St

43rd St

24
Cleveland Ave

Cleveland Ave

T
Oklahoma Ave

s re Fo

om tH

eA

ve

KK-3
35th St 27th St

KK-9
Oklahoma Ave

13th St

45

KK-2

Fo

m Ho st re

eA

ve

794
38

KK-10
Clement Ave Chase Ave 6th St

20th St

60th St

43rd St

13th St

62 32

Morgan Ave

KINNICKINNIC RIVER

Morgan Ave

KK-1
U
894 45

241
Howard Ave

C ii tt y o ff C y o S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S

KK-7 36

KK-8
Bolivar Ave

43

94
38

Layton Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

Edger ton Ave

13th St

6th St

43

24

Pennsylvannia Ave

Howell Ave

100

C ii tt y o ff C y o G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD

43

894

KK-6 Y

Layton Ave

Y
62

KK-5
Grange Ave

KK-4
Grange Ave

C ii tt y o ff C y o CUDAHY CUDAHY

32

Village of HALES CORNERS

119

Village of GREENDALE

62

ZZ

ZZ

32

LEGEND
Water

Assessment Points Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division

Combined Sewer Service Area

KK Watershed Model Reach Tributary Area

0 1,200 2,400 Feet 4,800

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

Lay ton Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

Edgerton Ave

Gra nge Ave

LEGEND
CSO SSO

Assessment Points

Water Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division

13th St

6th St

Howell Ave

KK-5

Assessment Point Map : KK-5

0 335 670 Feet 1,340

NonContact Cooling Water

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

Lay ton Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

Edgerton Ave

Gra nge Ave

LEGEND
Assessment Points Water Waterbodies Watersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area

Land Use

Agriculture

Outdoor Recreation, Wetland, and Woodland, Open Lands Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Manufacturing and Industrial Surface Water Civil Divisions

13th St

6th St

Howell Ave

KK-5

Low Density Residential Commercial

High Density Residential Institutional and Governemntal

Land Use Map : KK-5

0 335 670 Feet 1,340

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

Kinnickinnic River Standards/Targets Constituent Measure Geometric Mean Standard Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Total Phosphorus (TP) Not to Exceed Standard Minimum Concentration Standard USGS Median TSS Reference Concentration (estimated background concentration) Planning Guideline Richards Baker Flashiness Index (quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow; the index ranges from 0 - 2, with 0 being constant flow) Standard/Target 200 counts/100 ml 400 counts/100 ml 5 mg/l 17.2 mg/l 0.1 mg/l

Flashiness

indicator only

Kinnickinnic River Watershed Restoration Plan Fact Sheet KK-5, Reach 830, Holmes Avenue Creek
Data resulting from model runs:

Figure Flashiness index Dissolved oxygen v. days per year Fecal coliform v. days per year

Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment The Flashiness Index quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow. The index ranges from 0 Moderate Good to Moderate Variable (some good, some bad)
to 2, with 0 being constant flow. The flashiness is slightly high at this location. Typically, aquatic communities need 5 mg/l or more of dissolved oxygen to survive. Concentrations at this site nearly always exceed this level, but the concentrations are generally lower than other sites along the river. For recreational uses, lower fecal coliform counts (a measure of bacteria) are better (preferably under 400 counts / 100ml). The counts on majority of the days are either below 400 or above 5,000. A potential goal in this case may be to determine the conditions that create the above 5,000 days and discourage recreational use on days that meet these conditions. An additional goal could be to find ways to decrease fecal coliform loads in order to increase the number of days that are below 400. Phosphorus is a nutrient that can lead to increased growth of algae. The concentrations on most days are at or below the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline. However, there are several days with phosphorus concentrations that exceed 0.5 mg/l. Suspended solids cause water to become cloudy and aesthetically unpleasant. They can clog the gills of fish and invertebrates, make feeding difficult, and lead to sediment deposition (poor habitat). The concentrations on most of the days fall below 25 mg/l and the concentrations do not exceed 200 mg/l on any day. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are highly variable, particularly in the spring. This variability suggests that either there is excessive algal growth or organic enrichment and biochemical oxygen demand in the ecosystem. The decline in concentrations during the summer is typical due to the decreased solubility of oxygen in warmer water. While the ranges of values are fairly consistent throughout the year, notice that the median value declines during the summer swimming season. This may be related to the die-off of bacteria due to solar radiation. Also note that the summer and fall account for many of the below 400 days mentioned above while the winter and early spring have many of the above 5,000 days. Conditions are particularly poor in March and are likely related to snow melt. Phosphorus concentrations decline in the late spring, summer, and early fall. This may be related to uptake by plants during the growing season and the release of phosphorus from sediments and decomposing organic matter. In addition, potential winter stormwater inputs from the airport may be a source of de-icing chemicals for the stream. De-icing chemicals may contain phosphorus compounds that serve as corrosion inhibitors. Suspended solids concentrations fall below the reference concentration most of the time. The majority of the higher concentrations are likely related to larger rain or snow melt events that disturb bare soil. As this is a concrete-lined channel, there is little sediment to re-suspend from the stream bed.

Phosphorus v. days per year Suspended solids v. days per year Monthly dissolved oxygen Monthly fecal coliform Monthly phosphorus Monthly suspended solids

Moderate to Poor Very Good to Good Moderate Moderate

Moderate to Poor

Very Good

Figure Dissolved oxygen by flow Fecal coliform by flow

Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment During dry conditions and low flows, dissolved oxygen concentrations are lower relative to other flow conditions. This is Good
likely due to a lack of water agitation (which would allow greater diffusion of oxygen into the water) and high temperatures (low flow conditions are often associated with summer which has higher temperatures and lower oxygen solubility). Generally, a pollutant that is present at high concentrations during high flows and low concentrations during low flows (fecal coliform, in this case) is attributed primarily to non-point sources Note that during any period with the highest flows, fecal coliform counts exceed the regulatory standard and during moist conditions, fecal coliform counts exceed the standard nearly 75% of the time. During low flows and dry conditions, the standard is met nearly all of the time. During these low flows would be the safest time for recreational uses (boating, wading, swimming), although the amount of water in the stream may limit recreational use to wading. Concentrations are greatest at high flows, with concentrations exceeding the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline nearly 75% of the time at the highest flows. This suggests the prevalence of non-point loads of phosphorus. Suspended solids concentrations increase with increased flows. This suggests a prevalence of non-point sources. All of the instances when the concentrations exceed the reference condition occur at the high flow condition. These conditions most often occur following large storms or major snow-melt events. The suspended solids may come from runoff that carries a sediment load, from stream bank erosion, or re-suspended stream sediments. Note that this site is located downstream of some concrete-lined reaches within the watershed. As a result, upstream activities such as stream bank erosion and re-suspension of stream sediments likely make less of a contribution to suspended sediment loads at this site compared to sites that are situated downstream of natural reaches that experience these activities.

Moderate to Poor

Phosphorus by flow Suspended solids by flow

Moderate Good

Flashiness index
Reach 830 Location Holmes Avenue Creek Richards Baker Flashiness Index 1.00

Average Daily Flows

Holmes Avenue Creek (830) 50 AVERAGE DAILY FLOW (CFS) 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Existing Water Quality Data

Assessment Point
KK-5 Holmes Avenue Creek

Water Quality Indicator

Fecal Coliform Bacteria (annual)

Statistic

Condition Existing
5,178 72 385 106 2,162 86 213 58 9.9 9.8 92 0.131 0.072 77 1.24 0.91 9.7 3.8 0.0040 0.0009

Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<400 cells per 100 ml) Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<200 cells per 100 ml)

Fecal Coliform Bacteria (May-September: 153 days total)

Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<400 cells per 100 ml) Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<200 cells per 100 ml)

Dissolved Oxygen

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with dissolved oxygen standard (>5 mg/l)

Total Phosphorus

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with recommended phosphorus standard (0.1 mg/l)

Total Nitrogen

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Total Suspended Solids

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Copper

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Kinnickinnic River @ Holmes Avenue Creek (RI 830)

400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 >10

Average DO (mg/L)

Kinnickinnic River @ Holmes Avenue Creek (RI 830)

400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-400 400-600 600-1000 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000 >5000

Average Fecal Coliform (#/100ml)

Kinnickinnic River @ Holmes Avenue Creek (RI 830)

400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-0.05 0.05-0.1 0.1-0.15 0.15-0.2 0.2-0.25 0.25-0.3 0.3-0.35 0.35-0.4 0.4-0.45 0.45-0.5 >0.5

AverageTP (mg/L)

Kinnickinnic River @ Holmes Avenue Creek (RI 830)

400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-25 25-50 50-75 75-100 100-125 125-150 150-175 175-200 >200

Average TSS (mg/L)

Holmes Avenue Creek Reach 830

Dissolved Oxygen
Flow Conditions 100
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Regulatory Standard (5 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

10

1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Holmes Avenue Creek Reach 830

Fecal Coliform
Flow Conditions 1.E+05
High Flows

Regulatory Standard (400 cfu/100 mL)

Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows

Box & Whiskers

Dry Conditions Low Flows

1.E+04
C onc e ntra tion (c fu/1 0 0 m L)

1.E+03

1.E+02

1.E+01

1.E+00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Holmes Avenue Creek Reach 830

Total Phosphorus
Flow Conditions 1.00
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Planning Standard (0.1 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

0.10

0.01
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Holmes Avenue Creek Reach 830

Total Suspended Solids
Flow Conditions 1000
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Reference Concentration (17.2 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

100

10

1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data