ENGLISH LANGUAGE TASKS

PREPARED BY: NAME CLASS NPM : WAHYULI ARISKANINGSIH : 1EA26 : 17211910

FACULTY OF ECONOMICS STUDY PROGRAM MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY GUNADARMA 2012

CHAPTER 1
A. Understanding Tenses
The meaning of tenses is a description or explanation of when an event, and actions. Events or actions occur in a sentence: current past or future. Or change the verb form in accordance with the time occurrence of an event and change the time information.By understanding and mastering tenses then you will spek English more quickly, can learn to be independent especially in terms of grammatical deviations. To be stuck tense of course this needs to be practiced when you are accustomed to speaking and writing. Yes, it is strange English, and tenses of English is what makes it complicated, especially for us people of Indonesia. But once we recognize the formula is actually not difficult tenses. Tenses are forms of the time in English, especially in relation to the verb and auxiliary verb. In the Indonesian language does exist as well, but need not be studied because just the same. If for example the English language to say "I Write", if it now: I write. But if you wrote yesterday that I could not write yesterday, should be: I wrote yesterday. Look at the changes to the "write" to "wrote". If you write it tomorrow then becomes: I will write tomorrow. Like the Indonesian language, we must consider the use of tenses in a sentence. What should we say if you make a sentence which we do, we're doing, and we will do. In English, the pattern of negative and positive sentences are different, there is the addition of the words in the pattern of negative sentences. Not much different from Indonesian, English only more specific in the use of the word. Tense is divided into three major parts, namely: Past, Present, Future .Indonesian language: First, now, later . Why are really three parts? Yes, because the division of time itself is only 3, namely the Past (past), now (present) and Future (future). It is no more? Now each of those tense, was subdivided into 4. As there are four, namely Present Tense: Present Tense is often called the Simple Present Tense only,Present Continuous Tense , Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous Tense . You can learn more detail on each topic. Similarly, the Past was divided by 4: Past Tense, Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Past Perfect Continuous Tense . Even Future Tense instead of 8. So in total there are 16 tenses. Present No 4, No 4 Past, Future No 8. Once you understand the formula, then tense it's actually easy. Your capital is the formula, plus what to put into the formula, in this case is a Verb or Verb. There is a verb form or Verb1, there is a verb form and shape Verb2 2 or 3 or Verb3 and there is also a verb form of ING. Also the use of Tobe, Auxiliary Verbs like Will, May, Must and so on.

B. Kinds of tenses:
A. Present Tense - Simple Present Tense - Present Continuous Tense

- Present Perfect Tense - Present Perfect Continuous Tense B. Past Tense - Simple Past Tense - Past Continuous Tense - Past Perfect Tense - Past Perfect Continuous Tense C. Future Tense - Simple Future Tense - Future Continuous Tense - Future Perfect Tense - Future Perfect Continuous Tense D. Past Tense Future - Past Future Tense - Past Future Continuous Tense - Past Future Perfect Tense - Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

CHAPTER 2
A. Sorts and kinds of explanations about tenses
1. Simple Present Tense
a. Declare that acts waged by habit. b. States the general truths that can not be denied.

Note: the infinitive no change if it is preceded by auxiliary verbs (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, do, does, did). 2. Present Continuous Tense
a. Declare an ongoing action. b. Declare a temporary act. c. Declare that the act referred to in the future.

3. Present Perfect Tense

a. Declare the activities carried out in time and still have something to do with the present, but are not ongoing. b. Declare the events that have occurred. c. Indicates an action replay on indefinite period of time before now. The words are often used: before, already, ever, never, yet. d. Indicates the action that was completed in a short time.Words that are often used: at last, finally, just, recently.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

State actions initiated during the past and has continued until now.

5. Past Tense
Declare a completed action in the past (the time obviously).

6. Past Continuous Tense

a. Declare the act which has already begun and is still in progress when another action followed in the past. b. Declare the act is going on in the past.

7. Past Perfect Tense

Declare that the act had been completed before the other acts done in the past. Note: Past Perfect should be used when an action is past time is earlier than the other acts. The first act is completed, we use the Past Perfect, and the second act we use Past Tense.

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Indicates the action that goes on in the past.

9. Future Tense
To declare the act to be done in the future.

10. Future Continuous Tense

Indicates the action that will there is time was clear.

11. Future Perfect Tense

Declare the act which has already begun in the past and will be completed at the time will come.

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

As the Future Perfect, but the act is likely to be resumed at the time will come.

13. Past Future Tense

To declare the act to be done in the past.

14. Past Future Continuous Tense

States would act being done in the past.

15. Past Future Perfect Tense Declare a supposition that can not happen because the conditions that will certainly not be met, but only as a conditional requirement is fulfilled in the past. 16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
As the Future Perfect Tense, but in the past.

B. Tenses Formula
1. Simple Present Tense
(+) Verb + S-1 + s / es + O (- ) S + do / does + Verb-1 + O (? ) Do / does + S + Verb-1 + O?

2. Present Continuous Tense

(+) S + (is, am, are) + Verb-ing + O (- ) S + (is, am, are) + Verb-ing + Not + O (? ) (Is, am, are) + Verb-ing + S + O?

3. Present Perfect Tense

(+) S + Have / has + Verb 3 +-O (- ) S + Have / has + Not + Verb 3 +-O (? ) Have / has + S + Verb 3 +-O?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S + have / has + been + Ving + O (- ) S + have / has + been + Ving + Not + O (? ) Have / has + been + Ving + S + O?

5. Simple Past Tense

(+) S + V2 + O (- ) S + did + Not + V-1 + O (? ) Did + S + V2 + O?

6. Past Continuous Tense

(+) S + (was / were) + Ving + O (- ) S + (was / were) + Not + Ving + O (? ) (Was / were) + S + Ving + O?

7. Past Perfect Tense

(+) S + had + V3 + O (- ) S + had + not + V3 + O (? ) S + had + V3 + O?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S + had + been + Ving + O (- ) S + had + been + Not + Ving + O (? ) S + had + been + Ving + O?

9. Future Tense
(+) S + Will / shall + V1 + O (- ) S + Will / shall + Not + V1 + O (? ) Will / shall + V1 + S + O?

10. Future Continous Tense

(+) S + will / shall + be + Ving + O (- ) S + will / shall + be + Ving + Not + O (? ) Will / shall + be + Ving + S + O?

11. Future Perfect Tense

(+) S + will / shall + have + V3 + O (- ) S + will / shall + have + V3 + Not + O (? ) Will / shall + have + V3 + S + O?

12. Future Perfect Continuous tense

(+) S + will / shall + have + been + Ving + O (- ) S + will / shall + have + been + Not + Ving + O (? ) Will / shall + S + have + been + Ving + O?

13. Past Future Tense

(+) S + would / should + V1 + O (- ) S + would / should + Not + V1 + O (? ) Would / should + S + V1 + O?

14. Past Future Continuous Tense

(+) S + would / should + be + Ving + O (- ) S + would / should + Not + Be + Ving + O (? ) Would / should + S + Be + Ving + O?

15. Past Future Perfect Tense

(+) S + would / should + Have + V3 + O (- ) S + would / should + Not + Have + V3 + O (? ) Would / should + S + Have + V3 + O?

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) S + would / should + Have + Been + Ving + O (- ) S + would / should + Not + Have + Been + Ving + O (? ) Would / should + S + Have + Been + Ving + O?

CHAPTER 3
Example sentences in English tenses
1. Simple Present Tense
(+) She is a new people here. (+) He plays football every morning. (+) I usually wake up at five in the morning. (-) She isnt a new people here. (-) He not playing football every morning. (-) They dont like coffee (?) Is she a new people here? (?) How playing football every morning? (?) Do you study English at school?

2. Present Continuous Tense

(+) They are studying English now. (+) He is playing badminton now (+) I am listening to the radio (-) They arent studying English now. (-) He isnt playing badminton now. (-) They are not talking about you. (?) Is he playing badminton now. (?) Is she going to market now? (?) Is he watching TV?

3. Present Perfect Tense

(+) I have gone. (+) They have done. (+) I have been in Australia before. (-) I havent gone. (-)They havent done.

(-) We havent seen you for a long time. (?) Have I gone ? (?) Have they done ? (?) Has he drunk his beer?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening. (+) We have been riding a horse for three days (+) I have been waiting here since two oclock (-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening. (-) We havent been riding a horse for three days. (-) They havent been swimming since January. (?) Has she been going to Malang ? (?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ? (?) Has she been studying English for two years?

5. Simple Past Tense

(+) I saw a good film last night (+) He came here last month (+) They went to Malang last night (-) I saw not a good film last night (-) He came not last month (-) We didnt see your father yesterday. (?) Saw I a good film last night (?) Came He here last month (?) Did he write a letter to you this morning?

6. Past Continuous Tense

(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week. (+) They were talking about sport when I met him. (+) I was sleeping when you phoned me.

(-) He wasnt watching television all afternoon last week. (-) They werent talking about sport when I met him. (-) He wasnt studying while we were listening to the radio. (?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week? (?) Were they talking about sport when I met him? (?) Were you playing the piano as her mother entered the room?

7. Past Perfect Tense

(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle (+) The ship had left before I arrived (+) They had been at home before noon. (-) When my brother arrived , I hadnt painted my motor cycle (-) The ship hadnt left before I arrived (-) I hadnt walked for an hour when I met you. (?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ? (?) Had the ship left before I arrived? (?) Had he studied English for a year when I began it?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) They had been living there for two month (+) They had been living in Surabaya about ten years (+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badmintonwhen I came in (-) They hadnt been living there for two month (-) When they washed my dress , your father hadnt been playing badminton (-) She hadnt been watching the program when I finished my dinner (?) Had they been living there for two month? (?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ? (?) Had you been walking for an hour when I met you? 1993

9. Simple Future Tense

(+) I will visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow.

(+) He will met girl friend by seven oclock. (+) I shall go there to night. (-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow. (-) They wont go to the theatre next Sunday (-) He wont visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow. (?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow? (?) Will he go to America next month? (?) Is he going to swim with me next Sunday?

10. Future Continuous Tense

(+) I will be writing a comic. (+) I will be studying tomorrow night. (+) I shall be studying at 5 oclock tomorrow. (-) I will not writing a comic. (-) I will not be studying tomorrow night. (-) They will not be working when he come back next week. (?) Will I be writing a comic ? (?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ? (?) Shall we be playing tennis at this time next Sunday? Have been a doctor

11. Future Perfect Tense

(+) Bily will have done his work by the end of this week. (+) By next week I shall have read this book. (+) We shall have arrived at hongkong by monday (-) Bily will havent done his work by the end of this week. (-) By next week I shall havent read this book. (-) They wont have been at home by the end of this month. (?) Will Billy have done his work by the end of this week ? (?) Shall I have read this book by next week ?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) I will have been reading a news paper. (+) He will have been listening music. (+) By June 1993 I shall have been working here for 5 years (-) I will havent been reading a news paper. (-) He will havent listening a music. (-) They will not have been studying English for 3 years by the end of July 1993? (?) Will I have been riding a news paper ? (?) Will He have listening a music ? (?) Will she have been living here for ten years by next month?

13. Past Future Tense

(+) He would come if you invited him. (+) They would buy a home the previous day. (+) I should be there the day before. (-) He wouldnt come if invited him. (-) They wouldnt buy a home the previous day. (-) You would not come here with him. (?) Would He come if invited him ? (?) Would they buy a home the previous day ? (?) Would he buy a house last year?

14. Past Future Continuous Tense

(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day. (+) I shall be sliping at 10 oclock tomorrow. (+) I should be going to Tokyo at this time the following day. (-) I shouldnt be swimming at this time the following day. (-) I shallnt be sleeping at 10 oclock tomorrow. (-) They would not be talking to each other at nine yesterday. (?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ? (?) Shall I be sleeping at10 oclock tomorrow ?

(?) Would you be reading in the library between two and four that afternoon?

15. Past Future Perfect Tense

(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard. (+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week. (+) I should have been at home if you had invited me (-) He wouldnt have gone if he had met his darling (-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week. (-) He would not have graduated if he hadnt studied hard. (?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ? (?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ? (?) Would you have come here if I phoned you?

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years (+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years. (+) We should have been working here for two years last March (-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldnt have been walking here for seventeen year (-) Rianawati wouldnt have been speaking English for two years (-) They would not have been living in Malang for three years by May last year. (?) Would he have been working together with my brother for ten years? (?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years? (?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years? Reference: English dictionary http://tensesbahasainggris.com/tenses-pengantar http://www.mawarhitam.info/macam-macam-tenses.html#axzz1osepDh85 http://www.articlecenter.org/16-tenses-grammar-lengkap-dengan-contoh/