TORT AND QUASI-DELICT OUTLINE References Aquino, Torts and Damages (2005) Prosser and Keeton on Torts (5th

Ed) Sangco, Torts and Damages (Vol. I) I. The Conceptual Framework

A. The Concept of a tort Aquino, pp 1-11 Report of the Code Commission (1948) pp. 161-163 Vinzons-Chato v. Fortune Prosser and Keeton, pp. 1-7 Eutiquiano Garcia, Torts under Spanish Law B. The concept of a quasi-delict Art. 2176, CC Barredo v. Garcia Elcano v. Hill Cinco v. Canonoy Baksh v. CA Coca-Cola Bottlers v. CA C. Elements of quasi-delict and tort Art. 2176 Andamo v. IAC PNR v. Brunty BPI v. Lifetime Garcia v. Salvador

Gregorio v. CA Ocean Builders v. Spouses Antonio Prosser and Keeton pp. 164-165 D. Distinguishing tort, quasi-delict from delict Art. 2177 Barredo v. Garcia Elcano v. Hill Andamo v. IAC L.G. Foods v. Philadelfa Prosser and Keeton pp. 7-9 E. Distinguishing tort, quasi-delict from breach of contract Cangco v. Manila Railroad FGU Insurance v. Sarmiento Batal v. San Pedro Calalas v. CA Fores v. Miranda Air France v. Carrascoso Far East v. CA PSBA v. CA Syquia v. CA Light Rail Transit v. Navidad Consolidated Bank v. CA II. Negligence

A. Concept of negligence Art. 1173, 2178 Sangco, Vol I pp 5-7 PNR v. Brunty PNR v. CA Prosser and Keeton, pp 169-173 B. Degrees of negligence Sangco, Vol I pp. 5-7 Amedo v. Rio Marinduque v. Workmen's Ilao-Oreta v. Ronquillo Prosser and Keeton, pp 208-214 C. Standard of conduct 1. In General Art. 1173 Sangco, Vol I pp. 7-8 Picart v. Smith Sicam v. Jorge Corinthian Gardens v. Spouses Tanjangco Prosser and Keeton, pp 173-179, 182-185 2. Special Circumstance Heirs of Completo v. Albayda Pacis v. Morales

3. Children Taylor v. Manila Railroad Jarco Marketing v. CA Ylarde v. Aquino Sangco Vol I, pp 70-74 Prosser and Keeton, pp 179-182, 399-411 4. Experts a. In General Culion v. Philippine Motors Prosser and Keeton, pp 185-186 b. Pharmacists US v. Pineda Mercury Drug v. De Leon c. Medical Professionals Cruz v. CA Professional Services v. Agana Cayao-Lasam v. Spouses Ramolete Lucas v. Dr. Tuano Proser and Keeton, pp 186-193 D. Proving Negligence 1. In General Rule 131 Sec 1, Rules of Court 2. Presumptions a. In motor vehicle mishaps

Art. 2184 - 2185 b. Possession of dangerous weapons or substances Art. 2188 c. Common Carriers Art. 1734-1735 d. Res ipsa loquitur Layugan v. IAC Ramos v. CA Tan v. JAM Transit Cantre v. Go Batiquin v. CA Professional services v. Agana DM Consunji v. CA College Assurance v. Belfranlt Prosser and Keeton, pp. 242-262 E. Defenses against charge of negligence 1. Plaintiff's negligence is proximate cause Art. 2179 Bernardo v. Legaspi PLDT v. CA Manila Electric v. Remoquillo 2. Contributory negligence of plaintiff Art. 2179 NPC v. Heirs of Casionan

Genobiagon v. CA M.H. Rakes v. The Atlantic Lambert v. Heirs of Ray Castillon PNR v. Brunty Prosser and Keeton, pp. 468-477 3. Fortuitous event Art. 1174 Juntilla v. Fontanar Southeastern College v. CA Sicam v. Jorge 4. Plaintiff's assumption of risk/volenti non fit injuria Afialda v. Hisole Ilocos Norte v. CA Calalas v. CA Nikko Hotel v. Roberto Reyes Pantaleon v. American Express Prosser and Keeton, pp. 480-498 5. Prescription Art. 1146 Kramer v. CA III. Cause A. Proximate/Remote/Concurrent Bataclan v. Medina

Mercury Drug v. Baking Pilipinas Bank v. CA Gabeto v. Araneta Manila Electric v. Remonquillo Far Eastern v. CA Prosser and Keeton, pp. 263-265, 272-277 B. Intervening cause Phoenix Construction v. IAC Prosser and Keeton, pp. 301-309 C. The test Dy Teban v. Jose Ching Prosser and Keeton, pp. 301-309 D. Cause v. Condition Phoenix Construction v. IAC E. Last clear chance Picart v. Smith Bustamante v. CA Phoenix v. IAC Phil Bank of Commerce Glan v. IAC Pantrangco v. Baesa Canlas v. CA Consolidated Bank v. CA Engada v. CA PNR v. Brunty

Lapanday v. Angala Sangco Vol I, pp. 74-81 Prosser and Keeton, pp. 462-468 IV. Persons Liable A. Tortfeasor and Joint Tortfeasors Art. 2176, 2194 Worcester v. Ocampo Prosser and Keeton, pp. 322-324 B. Possessors of animals Art. 2183 Vestil v. IAC C. Owner of motor vehicles Art. 2184 Chapman v. Underwood Caedo v. Yu Khe Thai D. Provinces, Cities, Municipalities Art. 2189 Guilatco v. Dagupan Quezon City v. Decara E. Proprietors of buildings Art. 2190-2192 F. Engineer/Architect of Collapsed Building

Art. 1723 G. Head of a family for things thrown/falling Art. 2193 Dingcong v. Kanaan H. Owners of Enterprises/other employers Art. 1711-1712 Afable v. Singer Sewing Machine Alarcon v. Alarcon I. Manufacturers/Producers Art. 2187, 1170-1172 99, 99, 106 Consumer Act RA No. 9803 J. Vicarious Liability 1. Parents/Guardians Art. 2180-2181 Art. 216-217, 221-236, Family Code 101 Revised Penal Code Sec. 6, RA No. 9344 Libi v. IAC Tamargo v. CA 2. Teachers/School Art. 2180

Art. 218, FC Art. 102-103 RPC Palisoc v. Brillantes Amadora v. CA Salvosa v. IAC St. Mary's Academy v. Carpitanos Aquinas School v. Inton 3. Owners/Managers of Establishments/Employers Art. 2180 Cangco v. Manila Railroad Phil Rabbit v. Phil American Lampesa v. De Vera Spouses Jayme v. Apostol Castillex v. Vasquez Filamer v. IAC NPC v. CA Valenzuela v. CA Professional Services v. Agana (2007, 2008, 2010) Mercury Drug v. Huang 4. State Art. 2180 Meritt v. Government Rosete v. Auditor General

Mendoza v. De Leon Fontanilla v. Maliaman (1989, 1991) V. Independent Civil Actions A. Violation of Civil and Political Rights Art. 32 MHP Garments v. CA Silahis v. Soluta Vinzons-Chato v. Fortune Vinzons-Chato v. Fortune (2008) B. Defamation, Fraud, Physical Injuries Art. 33 Joaquin v. Aniceto Madeja v. Caro Arafiles v. Phil Journalists MVRS v. Islamic Prosser and Keeton, pp. 771-785 Heirs of Simon v. Elvin Chan Capuno v. Pepsi Corpus v. Paje Bonite v. Zosa Jervoso v. People Dulay v. CA C. Neglect of Duty

Art. 34 Sangco Vol I, pp. 334-335 D. Catch-All Independent Civil Action Art. 35 VI. Human Relations Torts A. Abuse of Rights Art. 39 Velayo v. Shell Globe Mackay v. CA Albenson v. CA Amonoy v. Gutierrez UE v. Jader Barons Marketing v. Diaz v. Davao Light Pantaleon v. American Express B. Illegal Acts Art. 20 Garcia v. Salvador C. Acts Contra Bonus Mores Art. 21 Velayo v. Shell Albenson v. A Wassmer v. Velez

Tanjanco v. CA Baksh v. CA Pe v. Pe Que v. IAC Drillon v. CA Prosser and Keeton, pp. 870-896 Magbanua v. Junsay Grand Union v. Espino Carpio v. Valmonte Quisaba v. Sta. Ines D. Violation of Human Dignity Art. 26 St. Louis v. CA Gregorio v. CA Spouses Guanio v. Makati Shangri-la Prosser and Keeton, pp. 849-856 E. Dereliction of Duty Art. 27 F. Unfair Competition Art. 28 VII. Interference with contractual relations

Art. 1314 Gilchrist v. Cuddy

So Ping Bun v. CA Lagon v. CA Go v. Cordero Prosser and Keeton, pp. 978-1004 DAMAGES OUTLINE I. The Concept of Damages People v. Ballesteros Custodio v. CA Art. 2195-2196, 2198 II. The Types of Damages Art. 2197 A. Actual or Compensatory 1. Definition/Purpose Art. 2199 Oceaneering Contractors v. Baretto 2. Proof required PNOC v. CA Oceaneering Contractors v. Baretto 3. Loss covered a. In general Art. 2200 PNOC v. CA

b. In contracts and quasi-contracts Art. 2201 c. In crimes and quasi-delicts Art. 2202, 2004 d. Earning capacity, business standing Art. 2205 Gatchalian v. Delim Candanao v. Sugata-On e. Death by crime or quasi-delict Art. 2206 People v. Buban People v. Apacible Crisostomo v. People Philippine Hawk v. Lee

f. In rape cases People v. Astrologo g. Attorney's fees Art. 2208 Quirante v. IAC Manila Electric Co v. Ramoy Briones v. Macabagdal Bank of America v. Phil Racing Club

Spouses Andrada v. Pilhino Sales h. Interest Art. 2209-2213 Frias v. San Diego-Sison Soriamont v. Sprint Pan Pacific v. Equitable 4. Duty to minimize Art. 2203, 2214-2215 B. Moral Damages 1. Purpose Kierulf v. CA Sulpicio Lines v. Curso B.F. Metal v. Lomotan Expert Travel v. CA Spouses Valenzuela v. Spouses Mano PNR v. Brunty ABS-CBN v. CA 2. When recoverable Art. 2217, 2219-2220 Sulpicio Lines v. Curso B.F. Metal v. Lomotan Francisco v. Ferrer

Expert Travel v. CA Industrial Insurance v. Bondad Triple Eight v. NLRC People v. Pirame Carlos Arcona y Moban Spouses Valenzuela v. Spouses Mano Regala v. Carin ABS-CBN v. CA Republic v. Tuvera 3. Factors considered in determining amount Kierulf v. CA Lopez v. Pan American Expert Travel v. CA Valenzuela v. CA PNR v. Brunty People v. Lizano C. Nominal Damages 1. Nature and Purpose Art. 2221 Robes-Francisco v. CFI Gonzales v. People 2. When awarded Art. 2222

Francisco v. Ferrer Spouses Guanio v. Makati Shangri-Law People v. Marquez 3. Effect of Award Art. 2223 D. Temperate Damages 1. When recoverable Art. 2224-2225 Pleno v. CA Ramos v. CA Republic v. Tuvera Tan v. OMC Carriers 2. Factors in determining amount Serrano v. People People v. Murcia E. Liquidated Damages 1. Definition Art. 2226 Pentacapital v. Mahinay 2. Determining the amount Art. 2227-2228 Titan v. Uni-Field

F. Exemplary/Corrective Damages 1. Purpose Art. 2229 Republic v. Tuvera 2. When imposed a. In general Art. 2229, 2233-2235 PNB v. CA Francisco v. Ferrer Republic v. Tuvera b. In crimes Art. 2230 People v. Dalisay People v. Diunsay-Jalandoni People v. Capanas c. In quasi-delicts Art. 2231 d. In contracts and quasi-contracts Art. 2232