Faculty : Civil And Environment

Engineering
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Title :

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SPAN DEFLECTION (DOUBLE

INTERGRATION METHOD)
1.0

01

OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship beteween span and deflection

2.0

INTRODUCTION

A beam must posess sufficient stifness so that excessive deflections do not have an
advers effect on adjacent structrual members. In many cases, maximum allowable
deflections are specifed by Code of Practice in terms of the dimensions of the beam,
particularly the span.The actual deflections of a beam must be limited to the elastic
range of the beam, otherwise permanent distortion result. Thus in determining the
deflections of beam under load, elastic theory is used.
In this experiment double intergration method is used to give the complete deflected
shape of the beam,
3.0

THEORY

X
P
L/2 - x
x
C

L/2

L/2

Beam with point load at mid span

Prepared by:
Name: Ahmad Zurisman bin Mohd Ali
Singnature:
Date: 18 Disember 2006

Faculty : Civil And Environment

Engineering
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Title :

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SPAN DEFLECTION (DOUBLE

INTERGRATION METHOD)
M X-X = EI dy = P
dx 2

02

L
2

v x-x = EI dy =PLx _ Px + A
dx 4
4
y x-x = EIy = PLx _ Px + Ax + B
8
12
When x = 0 ; dy = 0 A = 0
When x = L / 2 ; y = 0;

0 = PL _ PL + B
32
96
B = - PL
48

When x = 0 ; Y mak = - PL ( mid span ; c )

48EI
x = L / 2 ; v mak = PL ( at support )
16 EI
where E can be obtained from the backboard
b

I = bd
12

4.0

APPARATUS
1. Specimen beam ( your group may choose one of the following material :
Aluminium , Brass or Steel)
2. Digital Dail Test Indicator
3. Hanger And Masses

Faculty : Civil And Environment

Engineering
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
Title :

SPAN DEFLECTION (DOUBLE

INTERGRATION METHOD)

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03

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4.0 PROSEDUR
1. Positioned the moveable knife-edge supports so that they are 400mm apart.
2. Place the chosen beam on the support.
3. Place the hanger ang the digital dial test indicator at mid span. Zeroed the
digital reading.
4. Apply an in incremental load and record the deflection for each increment in
the table below.
5. Repeat the above using span of 300mm and 500mm.

5.0 RESULT
Experiment 1 : Span = 500mm
No.

Mass*
(N)

Deflection
(experimental)

Theoretical Def.
( Ymax)

% Diffrent

Theoretical Def.
( Ymax)

% Diffrent

1
2
3

Experiment 1 : Span = 400mm

No.

Mass*
(N)

Deflection
(experimental)

1
2
3

Use any from 10 to 500g

Faculty : Civil And Environment

Engineering
Department : Structure And Material
Engineering
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SPAN DEFLECTION (DOUBLE

INTERGRATION METHOD)
Experiment 3 : Span = 300mm

No.

Mass*
(N)

Deflection
(experimental)

Theoretical
Def. ( Ymax)

%
Diffrent

1
2
3

used any mass between 10 to 500g

6.0 DISCUSSION
Comment on the different between the theoretical and experimental resulat.

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SPAN DEFLECTION (DOUBLE

INTERGRATION METHOD)

8.0

05

EXTRA QUESTIONS
1. Calculate the deflection when x = L / 3 (experiment 1, no 3). Check
the result by placing the digital dial at this position.

2. Calculate V max in experiment 2, no. 2.