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12/05/2008
Home Page: Mobile Combustion CO2 Emissions Calculation Tool. January 2005. Version 1.3
WRI-WBCSD GHG Protocol Initiative
Tip: Do not edit this page. This page displays totals that come from the detailed worksheets you can access by clicking on the sheet tabs below.
Source of Emissions
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Introduction to Worksheets for CO2 Emissions from Mobile Sou
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### This brief introduction supplements the guidance document, "Fossil Fuel Combustion in Mobile Sources: Gui
### Please read the accompanying guidance document before using these worksheets.
### The intellectual property rights of this calculation tool belong to WRI and WBCSD, unless stated otherwise in any of the tools.
### Please cite the orginial reference when using this tool.
###
### Acknowledgements
### This workbook was developed by David Cross of RPM Systems, The RETEC Group, Inc., with contributions from
### Pankaj Bhatia/WRI, Michael Gillenwater/US-EPA, Vincent Camobreco/US-EPA, Matthew Addison/Nexant Inc, a
### from WRI/WBCSD. All intellectual property rights belong to GHG Protocol Initiative. Please cite the original refere
### While the workbook is largely self explanatory, for questions or suggestions on workbook mechanics, contact DC
### For comments on workbook content, contact Pankaj Bhatia at pankaj@wri.org.
### Please visit the GHG Protocol Initiative at www.ghgprotocol.org for other GHG calculation tools.
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rom Mobile Sources
on in Mobile Sources: Guidelines",
NOTES
Part 2. Emissions Calculated from Distance Traveled, All Modes of Transport Home/Summary
Note: Use this worksheet to calculate your emissions if you have activity data only for the distance travelled. Optional Calculator kg CO2
A B C D E1 E2 F Vehicle fuel efficiency Gas Diesel
Transportation Activity CO2 emissions miles per gallon 24 0.38 0.43
Amount kg CO2 per unit Total emissions kg CO2 per mile
of Default Custom metric tonnes liters /100 km 3.9 0.09 0.11
kg CO2 pr km
Source Description Transport description Activity Activity unit CO2/unit CO2/unit F = CxE/1000
Road transportation activity 0.0
Measurements in Miles: Note: Gallons are US Gallons
hybrid auto 56 mpg 4.2 l/100km vehicle miles 0.1610 0.0
small gas auto 29 mpg 8.1 l/100km vehicle miles 0.3109 0.0
med gas auto 23 mpg 10.2 l/100km vehicle miles 0.3920 0.0
large gas auto 19 mpg 12.4 l/100km vehicle miles 0.4746 0.0
LPG automobile vehicle miles 0.2865 0.0
diesel auto 24 mpg 9.8 l/100km vehicle miles 0.4330 0.0
gas light truck 14 mpg 16.8 l/100km vehicle miles 0.6440 0.0
gas heavy truck 6 mpg 39.2 l/100km vehicle miles 1.5028 0.0
diesel light truck 15 mpg 15.7 l/100km vehicle miles 0.6928 0.0
diesel heavy truck 7 mpg 33.6 l/100km vehicle miles 1.4847 0.0
light motorcycle 60 mpg 3.9 l/100km vehicle miles 0.1503 0.0
your vehicle 0.0 See calculator above to obtain kg per mile
0.0 from fuel efficiency
hybrid auto 56 mpg 4.2 l/100km passenger miles 0.0895 0.0
small gas auto 29 mpg 8.1 l/100km passenger miles 0.1727 0.0
med gas auto 23 mpg 10.2 l/100km passenger miles 0.2178 0.0
large gas auto 19 mpg 12.4 l/100km passenger miles 0.2636 0.0
LPG automobile passenger miles 0.1591 0.0
diesel auto 24 mpg 9.8 l/100km passenger miles 0.2406 0.0
gas light truck 14 mpg 16.8 l/100km passenger miles 0.3578 0.0
gas heavy truck 6 mpg 39.2 l/100km passenger miles 0.8349 0.0
diesel light truck 15 mpg 15.7 l/100km passenger miles 0.3849 0.0
diesel heavy truck 7 mpg 33.6 l/100km passenger miles 0.8248 0.0
light motorcycle 60 mpg 3.9 l/100km passenger miles 0.0835 0.0
bus (diesel)- long distance passenger miles 0.0781 0.0
bus (diesel)- urban transit passenger miles 0.2997 0.0
road freight short ton miles 0.1033 0.0
(other car mpg below) 0.0
Measurements in Kilometers:
hybrid auto 56 mpg 4.2 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.1001 0.0
small gas auto 29 mpg 8.1 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.1932 0.0
med gas auto 23 mpg 10.2 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.2436 0.0
large gas auto 19 mpg 12.4 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.2949 0.0
LPG automobile vehicle kilometers 0.1780 0.0
diesel auto 24 mpg 9.8 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.2691 0.0
0 gas light truck 14 mpg 16.8 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.4002 0.0
0 gas heavy truck 6 mpg 39.2 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.9338 0.0
0 diesel light truck 15 mpg 15.7 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.4305 0.0
0 diesel heavy truck 7 mpg 33.6 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.9226 0.0
0 light motorcycle 60 mpg 3.9 l/100km vehicle kilometers 0.0934 0.0
your vehicle 0.0 See calculator above to obtain kg per km
0.0 from fuel efficiency
hybrid auto 56 mpg 4.2 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.0556 0.0
small gas auto 29 mpg 8.1 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.1073 0.0
med gas auto 23 mpg 10.2 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.1353 0.0
large gas auto 19 mpg 12.4 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.1638 0.0
LPG automobile passenger kilometers 0.0989 0.0
diesel auto 24 mpg 9.8 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.1495 0.0
gas light truck 14 mpg 16.8 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.2223 0.0
gas heavy truck 6 mpg 39.2 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.5188 0.0
diesel light truck 15 mpg 15.7 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.2392 0.0
diesel heavy truck 7 mpg 33.6 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.5125 0.0
light motorcycle 60 mpg 3.9 l/100km passenger kilometers 0.0519 0.0
bus (diesel)- long distance 0 passenger kilometers 0.0485 0.0
bus (diesel)- urban transit 0 passenger kilometers 0.1862 0.0
road freight Metric tonne kilometers 0.0720 0.0
0.0
Rail transportation 0.0
Aircraft (distance figures are for one-stop flights, in land miles, not nautical miles- check your source) 0.0 Optional Calculation Table
Use optional calculator to the right for calculating miles traveled based on number of flights (short, medium or long) # of Flights units unit description Total acrtivity units
short haul (<452 km) <281 miles passenger land miles 0.2897 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0 (copy to green column to left)
medium haul (452 to 1600 km) 281 to 994 miles passenger land miles 0.2028 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
long haul (>1600 km) >994 miles passenger land miles 0.1770 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
short haul (<452 km) <281 miles short ton land miles 2.3062 0.0 0 tons 0
medium haul (452 to 1600 km) 281 to 994 miles short ton land miles 1.1677 0.0 0 tons 0
long haul (>1600 km) >994 miles short ton land miles 0.8320 0.0 0 tons 0
short haul (<452 km) <281 miles passenger land km 0.1800 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
medium haul (452 to 1600 km) 281 to 994 miles passenger land km 0.1260 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
long haul (>1600 km) >994 miles passenger land km 0.1100 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
short haul (<452 km) <281 miles Metric tonne kilometers 1.5800 0.0 0 metric tons 0
medium haul (452 to 1600 km) 281 to 994 miles Metric tonne kilometers 0.8000 0.0 0 metric tons 0
long haul (>1600 km) >994 miles Metric tonne kilometers 0.5700 0.0 0 metric tons 0
flight of 300 km 186 miles passenger land km 0.2180 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
flight of 900 km 559 miles passenger land km 0.1420 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
nonstop flight 2719 km 1690 miles passenger land km 0.1170 0.0 1 passenger land miles 0
See more factors below 0 0 passenger land km 0.1170 0.0 1 passenger land miles =??*N98*O98
Last row above totals enter no data here 0 0.0
Air Travel factors for flights with different distances [Based on Emission Factors provided by DEFRA (Table 9, Environmental Reporting - Guidelines for Company Reporting on GHG Emissions) for short haul and long haul flights]
Passenger calculations for bus travel based on ridership (DEFRA & US - DOT)
Average miles per gallon, 6.7 per US DOT table VM1, 1999 10 kg CO2/gallon (DEFRA says 9.99, a lower estimate than some others)
Assumed urban AverageAssumed intercity
Miles per gallon: 4 6 6.7 9
Grams CO2/mile, per bus 2500.0 1666.7 1492.5 1111.1
g/ psgr Mile, 5 pasengers 500.0 333.3 298.5 222.2
g/ psgr Mile, 10 pasengers 250.0 166.7 149.3 111.1 shaded cells approximate estimates derived from Btu/passenger mile estimates from US DOT
g/ psgr Mile, 15 pasengers 166.7 111.1 99.5 74.1 inter-city: 48.5 g CO2 per passenger km
g/ psgr Mile, 20 pasengers 125.0 83.3 74.6 55.6 urban: 186.2 g CO2 per passenger km
g/ psgr Mile, 30 pasengers 83.3 55.6 49.8 37.0
g/ psgr km, 5 pasengers 310.7 207.1 185.5 138.1
g/ psgr km, 10 pasengers 155.3 103.6 92.7 69.0
g/ psgr km, 15 pasengers 103.6 69.0 61.8 46.0
g/ psgr km, 20 pasengers 77.7 51.8 46.4 34.5
g/ psgr km, 30 pasengers 51.8 34.5 30.9 23.0
Other default emission factors are from: IPCC. 1997. Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines
for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Reference Manual
Conversion Factors and General References
For most activities, the reporting worksheets include all the detail needed including default emission factors. The tables
given below are provided as a general resource for those users w ho may wish to develop custom factors, or trace the Home/Summary
derivation of factors given.
Table 4
Convert fuel use from To
Megajoule Btus Tonne oil Kilowatt Gigajoule
(MJ) equivalent (toe) hours (kWh) (GJ)
1 x 10 -3
1.05506 x 10 -6 41.86 3.6 x 10 -3
Fuel type
Sample 0.00 240.00 0.00 0.00 0.000253
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000000
Table 5
Table 9
Emission factors in blue shaded columns are from IPCC, 1999, Volume 2, Section 1, if not otherwise noted. Heating values in blue shaded columns are from API, 2001, if not otherwise noted. Values in other columns is derived arithmatically except as commente d.
Fuel type Lower heat value (derived) (derived) (derived) (derived) (derived) Typical density IEA kg CO2/tonne
kg CO2 / GJ GJ / liter (API, 2001) GJ/ US gallon GJ/Imp Gal GJ/tonne kgCO2/liter kgCO2/US gal lb / gal (API, 2001) Density* (UK DETR)
(IPCC, 1999)
Gasoline / petrol 69.25 0.0344 0.1302 0.1564 43.5674 2.3822 9.0166 6.59 0.739 t/m3 3135
Kerosene 71.45 0.0357 0.1351 0.1623 44.0768 2.5508 9.6546 6.76 3150
Jet Fuel 70.72 (EIA) 44.5900 10.009 0.780 t/m3
Aviation gasoline 69.11 (EIA) 0.0343 0.1299 0.1561 2.3774 8.9984
Diesel 74.01 0.0371 0.1404 0.1687 44.1667 2.7458 10.3927 7.49 0.840 t/m3 3142
Distillate fuel oil No.1 74.01 0.0371 0.1404 0.1687 43.9211 2.7458 10.3927 7.05 3142
Distillate fuel oil No.2 74.01 0.0371 0.1404 0.1687 43.9211 2.7458 10.3927 7.05 3142
Residual Fuel oil#4 74.01 0.0379 0.1435 0.1723 2.8050 10.6168 3142
Residual Fuel oil#5 77.30 0.0397 0.1503 0.1805 39.9535 3.0688 11.6154 8.29 0.930 t/m3 3117
Residual Fuel oil#6 77.30 0.0405 0.1533 0.1841 40.7586 3.1307 11.8495 8.29 0.930 t/m3 3117
LPG 63.20 0.0249 0.0942 0.1132 45.9779 1.5737 5.9564 4.52
Lubricants 73.28 0.0382
Anthracite 98.30 0.02860 GJ / kg 28.6000 1747.30
Bituminous coal 94.53 0.03023 GJ/kg 30.2300 2236.80
Butane 0.0258 4.84 (liquid) 1685.50
Propane 62.99 (EIA) 0.0240 47.3373 4.24 (liquid) 0.507 t/m3
Sub-bituminous coal 96.00
Wood, wood waste 100.44 (EIA) 1730.00
0.039 GJ / standard
Natural gas 56.06 0.673 t/m3
API, cubic meter
2001(for heating
Source: IPCC IEA (UK DETR)
values)
(unless noted) Density:: International Energy Annual, 1998 Technical
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/iea/convheat.html
Data on Fuel, 1977, J.W. Rose; J.R. Cooper
Coal, GJ per tonne by country
Converting from Miles per Gallon to grams CO2 per km, also Liters per 100 km
Table 11
9.02 kg CO2/gallon gas See transport fuels emissions factors above 2.38 kg CO2/ liter gas
10.39 kg CO2/gallon diesel for CO2/gallon sources 2.75 kg CO2/ liter diesel
A B C D E F G
Miles per Kg CO2 G CO2 Km per Gas Diesel Liters per
gallon per mile per mile mile g CO2/km g CO2/km 100 km
9.016627/A x 1000 col E x= 10.392743235/9.016627
C/D To convert miles per gallon to liters per 100 km, divide 100 by (mpg/3.785*1.6093)
4 2.2542 2254.2 1.61 1401 1,614.5 58.8 Shaded table to left is used as
5 1.8033 1803.3 1.61 1121 1,291.6 47.0 basis of values in worksheet
6 1.5028 1502.8 1.61 934 1,076.3 39.2 for distance traveled by vehicles.
7 1.2881 1288.1 1.61 800 922.6 33.6
8 1.1271 1127.1 1.61 700 807.2 29.4
9 1.0018 1001.8 1.61 623 717.5 26.1
10 0.9017 901.7 1.61 560 645.8 23.5
11 0.8197 819.7 1.61 509 587.1 21.4
12 0.7514 751.4 1.61 467 538.2 19.6
13 0.6936 693.6 1.61 431 496.8 18.1
14 0.6440 644.0 1.61 400 461.3 16.8
15 0.6011 601.1 1.61 374 430.5 15.7
16 0.5635 563.5 1.61 350 403.6 14.7
17 0.5304 530.4 1.61 330 379.9 13.8
18 0.5009 500.9 1.61 311 358.8 13.1
19 0.4746 474.6 1.61 295 339.9 12.4
20 0.4508 450.8 1.61 280 322.9 11.8
21 0.4294 429.4 1.61 267 307.5 11.2
22 0.4098 409.8 1.61 255 293.5 10.7
23 0.3920 392.0 1.61 244 280.8 10.2
24 0.3757 375.7 1.61 233 269.1 9.8
25 0.3607 360.7 1.61 224 258.3 9.4
26 0.3468 346.8 1.61 215 248.4 9.0
27 0.3339 333.9 1.61 208 239.2 8.7
28 0.3220 322.0 1.61 200 230.6 8.4
29 0.3109 310.9 1.61 193 222.7 8.1
30 0.3006 300.6 1.61 187 215.3 7.8
31 0.2909 290.9 1.61 181 208.3 7.6
32 0.2818 281.8 1.61 175 201.8 7.3
33 0.2732 273.2 1.61 170 195.7 7.1
34 0.2652 265.2 1.61 165 189.9 6.9
35 0.2576 257.6 1.61 160 184.5 6.7
36 0.2505 250.5 1.61 156 179.4 6.5
37 0.2437 243.7 1.61 151 174.5 6.4
38 0.2373 237.3 1.61 147 169.9 6.2
39 0.2312 231.2 1.61 144 165.6 6.0
40 0.2254 225.4 1.61 140 161.4 5.9
41 0.2199 219.9 1.61 137 157.5 5.7
42 0.2147 214.7 1.61 133 153.8 5.6
43 0.2097 209.7 1.61 130 150.2 5.5
44 0.2049 204.9 1.61 127 146.8 5.3
45 0.2004 200.4 1.61 125 143.5 5.2
46 0.1960 196.0 1.61 122 140.4 5.1
47 0.1918 191.8 1.61 119 137.4 5.0
48 0.1878 187.8 1.61 117 134.5 4.9
49 0.1840 184.0 1.61 114 131.8 4.8
50 0.1803 180.3 1.61 112 129.2 4.7
51 0.1768 176.8 1.61 110 126.6 4.6
52 0.1734 173.4 1.61 108 124.2 4.5
53 0.1701 170.1 1.61 106 121.8 4.4
54 0.1670 167.0 1.61 104 119.6 4.4
55 0.1639 163.9 1.61 102 117.4 4.3
56 0.1610 161.0 1.61 100 115.3 4.2
57 0.1582 158.2 1.61 98 113.3 4.1
58 0.1555 155.5 1.61 97 111.3 4.1
59 0.1528 152.8 1.61 95 109.5 4.0
60 0.1503 150.3 1.61 93 107.6 3.9
61 0.1478 147.8 1.61 92 105.9 3.9
62 0.1454 145.4 1.61 90 104.2 3.8
63 0.1431 143.1 1.61 89 102.5 3.7
64 0.1409 140.9 1.61 88 100.9 3.7
65 0.1387 138.7 1.61 86 99.4 3.6
66 0.1366 136.6 1.61 85 97.8 3.6
67 0.1346 134.6 1.61 84 96.4 3.5
taking the reciprocal of the sales-weighted average of gallons per mile. This is called the harmonic average.
b 2 Wheel Drive/4 Wheel Drive. No combined figure available for this year.
KEY: CAFE = Corporate Average Fuel Economy; GVWR = gross vehicle weight rating; mpg = miles per gallon; R = revised; U = data are unavailable
NOTE: The fuel effic iency figures for light duty vehicles represent the sales-weighted harmonic average of the combined passenger car and light truck fuel economies.
SOURCES:
Average U.S. passenger car fuel efficiency:
1980-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A.
1995-98: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table VM-1.
New vehicle fuel efficiency (based on model year production):
1980-90: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, final fuel economy calculations for the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,
as cited in Internet site www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/problems/fuelecon/index.html.
1991-99: Manufacturer's preliminary estimates for the U.S. Department of Transportation, as cited in National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Automotive Fuel Economy Program,
Twenty-Fourth Annual Report to Congress, Calendar Year 1999, Internet site www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/problems/fuelecon/index.html.
CAFE standards:
1980-99: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Automotive Fuel Economy Program, Twenty-Fourth Annual Report to Congress, Calendar Year 1999,
Internet site www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/problems/fuelecon/index.html.
Below, Transportation Energy DATA book edition 20 - 2000, Table 8.1, miles per gallon for trucks
1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Trucks with 6+ tires 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.8 7 7
Combination trucks 5.3 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.1
Comparative Analysis of per passenger mile data provided in US DOT Tables g CO@ / P-km g CO@ / P-km
Btu/ Psgr_Mile Joule/ P_Mile GJ per P_Mile kg CO2/GJ g CO2 /P_Mile g CO@ / P-km lb CO2/P_mile DETR Union Concerned Scientists
Aircraft carriers 1998 x 1055 IPCC, by fuel =IxH = J/1.6093 =j/453.6 g CO@ / P-km pg 57,265, Consumer's Guide to Effective Environmental Choices
Domestic 4,034 4255870 0 71.5 304.3 189.1 0.6709 180long 37.7 These UCS # of riders
International 4,070 4293850 0 71.5 307 190.8 0.6768 110short impacts include Bus Analysis 12
Ground 1997 upstream 6.7 gallons per mile DOPT 98
Passenger car 3,657.00 3858135 0 69.3 267.4 166.2 0.5895 66.6 lifecycle emissions 1280.6 g CO2 per mile
Other2 axle vehicle 4,427.00 4670485 0 73.3 342.5 212.8 0.7551 66.6 106.72 per mile per rider
Motorcycle 2,104.00 2219720 0 69.3 153.8 95.6 0.3391 66.6 UCS 66.31 per km per rider
Transit Motor Bus 3,835.00 4045925 0 74.1 299.7 186.2 0.6607 may havemisplaced a decimal place in footnoot on 265
Amtrak, train 2,200.00 2321000 0 74.1 171.9 106.8 0.3790 60 train 26.6
Long Distance Bus 1,000 1055000 0 74.1 78.1 48.5 0.1722 22.2
Converting to other units 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Joules per ton mile (@1055/btu) 885423.08 753157.39 678253.7 709475.51 621645.89 518916.69 440838.44 409318.37 412190.64 407336.83 406316.8 390003.72 386223.71 ### Joules per ton mile (@1055/btu)
Gigajoules per ton mile (@ 10^9 per) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gigajoules per ton mile (@ 10^9 per)
Kg CO2 per ton mile (74.067/gj) 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 kg CO2 per ton mile (74.067/gj)
Kg CO2 per tonne-km 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 kg CO2 per tonne-km
Gallons per ton-mile 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 gallons per ton-mile
Ton-miles per gallon 165.3 194.3 215.7 206.2 235.4 282.0 331.9 357.5 355.0 359.2 360.1 375.2 378.9 377.3 ton-miles per gallon
Kj/tonne-km 606.3 515.7 464.4 485.8 425.7 355.3 301.9 280.3 282.3 278.9 278.2 267.1 264.5 265.6 Kj/tonne-km
The following values are drawn from "Comprehensive Truck Size and Weight (TS&W) Study" Phase 1-Synthesis, Working Paper 12, Feb, 1995, by Batelle Team
for Federal Highway Admin and US Dept of Transportation
Study summarized For year Truck Rail Ratio
kJ/tonne-km Rail to Truck Truck to Rail
Bronzinei, pg 6 1972 1,693 496 0.29 3.41
Rose, pg 6 1977 2045 636 0.31 3.22
Transport Canada 1976 1631 396 0.24 4.12
Kahn ? 1357 313 0.23 4.34
US DOT/FRA Rail vs Truck Efficiency: The Relative Fuel Efficiency of Truck Competitive Rail Freight and Truck Operations Compared in a range of corridors (1991)
Container truck Rail Ratio
1. This factor is very general and should only be used if more specific data is not available. Data on specifc a fleet, equipment
ton miles per
type,gallon
company, transportation
contractor, region, national, etc will often be more accurate (fleet-specific is generally most accurate, while national factors
Range: are generally
90-140 least accurate). Steps
300-1000
should be taken to determine appropriate, accurate factors for your specific situation.
Compare at: 110 400 3.64
These
In comparison
comparative
with other
studies
datasuggest
sources,rail
thisis
factor
3 to may
4 times
be near
morethe
efficient
smallerthat
endtrucks
of the spectrum
per ton-mile
of estimates
or tonne-km.
of freight
1
weight-distance factors. US Dept. of Energy
data suggests
Therefore truckthat US economy
freight truck
is estimated freight
at 3.6 wide
times .02kg
kgCO2/tonne-km
CO2/tonne_kmis 2 to 3.5 times larger than .72 kg CO2/tonne-km. (Transportation Energy Data Book, 23rd
Ed., US DOE, Tables 2.14, 2.15, A.6. http://www-cta.ornl.gov/data/Index.html). However, this tool continue to cite this factor as a general estimate based on peer-
reviewed studies.
### Frequently Asked Questions for Mobile Sources Module
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Version 1.0 October 2001