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Signed-Rank Test and Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test (DR SEE KIN HAI)
(Non-Parametric Test Use these Tests when you do not meet the assumptions for the Repeated Measures or paired t test) 1. This test is used to test a Null hypothesis about the median of a distribution in a population. 2. Must met the assumptions below (not so stringent as parametric test) Assumptions 1. Data is randomly collected. 2. Variance for the data distribution is equal. 3. Independence of samples. Example A Malay language teacher wanted to investigate the effectiveness of using 3R system on his Year 5 students Malay Language achievement. By using the intact class, he administered a pretest to all the 22 students. The students were taught using the 3R system for 2 weeks and were then given the posttest. (Assuming that the data has violated the assumption in using the Repeated Measures t test)

2 How to run the Sign and Wilcoxon -Rank Tests 1. Select [Analyze] then [Nonparametric Tests] and [Legacy Dialogs] then [2 Related Samples] to open the dialogue box.

2. Move [Pretest] to [Variable 1] and [Posttest] to [Variable 2] box and select [Wilcoxon] and [Sign] then [OK].

This table shows [0] Negative, and [22] positive and no [0] differences between the 2 tests

This table shows 2-tailed probability and is significantly different for the pre and post tests

Reporting the output for the sign test There was a significant different between the pretest and thee posttest (sign test: N = 22, p = 0.00)

3 Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test

This table shows the number of negative (0), positive (22) and no (0) differences in the ranked data for the 2 tests. This table also shows the Mean Rank and Sum Ranks for the positive ranked data This shows the significant level with z - value = - 4.113 with 2-tailed probability = 0.000. This means that the difference between pretest and posttest is statistically significant at 5% level

Reporting the output for the Wilcoxon test There was significant difference between the pretest and posttest. (Wilcoxon: N =22, z = - 4.11, twotailed p = 0.000)

COURSEWORK An Economic teacher from a school wanted to investigate the effectiveness of cooperative learning method on Form Sixth students Economic achievement. A quasi-experimental research design has been chosen for this study. By using the intact class, she administered a pretest to all the 25 students. The students were then exposed to cooperative learning method for 3 weeks and the students sat for the posttest. Assuming the data violated the assumption for using the paired sample t test, you are to run the SIGN and Wilcoxon Tests to determine if the students have improved significantly when exposed to cooperative learning method.