CONTENTS

TOPIC NO:
Chapter-1 AN INTRODUCTION TO FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY 1.1What is a fuel cell? 1.2. History of fuel cells: 1.2.1 The Gas battery 2.2 The Bacon fuel cell: 2.3 Fuel cells for NASA: Alkaline fuel cell: 2.4 Alkaline fuel cells for terrestrial applications 2.5 The PEM fuel cell: 2.5.1 Ballard Power: 2.5.2 Los Alamos National Laboratory: 3. FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS: 3.1 Transportation: 3.2 Distributed Power Generation: 3.2.1 Grid-connect applications: 3.2.2 Non-grid connect applications: 3.3 Residential Power: 3.4 Portable Power:

PAGE NO:

3.4.1 Direct methanol fuel cells for portable power: 4. THE SCIENCE OF THE PEM FUEL CELL 4.1 The Chemistry of a Single Cell 4.2 The Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM): 4.3 Cell Voltage and Efficiency 5. Direct methanol fuel cell: 6. Where will the hydrogen come from? 6.1 Reformation of hydrocarbon fuels: 6.2 renewable energy systems: 6.3 biological methods: 7. Benefits and obstacles to the success of fuel cells and the Development of a hydrogen-based economy: 7.1 benefits: 7.2 obstacles: 8. Conclusion:

CONCLUSION
In this paper, State space average model of a modified Sheppard-Taylor converter is calculated and its equivalent circuit is obtained. From the present results obtained, transfer functions between duty cycle and output voltage and between input and output voltages have also been obtained, and some simplifications and design rules have been proposed to facilitate the design of the feedback loop. About the drawbacks of SheppardTaylor PFC converter it uses four diodes and two power switches, which must operate in synchronism. However, the lack of synchronization among the two switches does not lead to malfunction or failure of any circuit component. In high

switching frequency operation, its switching power losses are high and can lead to transfer efficiency being low. A further study will be done on improving these drawbacks.

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