March 19

Domain Environment

2012
Client Server Model

DOMAIN ENVIRONMENT
Over View of Active Directory:

Workgroup : Workgroup is a logical collection of computers which share resources of each other.

Domain : Domain is logically collection of computers, but it is specified using centralized security database or it share a common directory database.

Hub : Hub is a networking device. It enables us to connect a collection of computers together in a single network for sharing resources. It will broadcast. Because it is not an intelligent device.

Switch : Switch is a intelligent networking device. It is also used to connect a collection of computers together in a single network for sharing resources. It will uni cast. Switch maintain MAC table. So, it can send the packet directly to the destination computer.

Bridge : Bridge can connect two networks .

Repeater : Repeater is used to boost the signals from one end to another end.

Domain Controller : The uniqueness or identification of domain starts with domain controller and when active directory feature is installed then only we call it as domain controller.

Logical and Physical Structure of Active Directory: The logical structures of Active Directory : a. b. c. d. Forest Tree O.U ( Organizational Unit ) Domain

The Physical Structures of Active Directory : a. Sites b. Domain Controller

Forest : It is a root domain controller and it is also a first domain controller of the server. It has sub domain controllers. Collection of trees is called as forest. It is a parent domain.

Tree : It is a sub domain controller of forest. For example ibm.com is a root domain controller. hyd.ibm.com is a sub domain controller. Tree is also called as child or child domain controller.

O.U. (Organizational Unit ) : It is a container. Which consists of user accounts specified by some departments and each department consists of some users. The uniqueness of user account comes from organizational unit.

Existence of Active Directory : The A.D. existence has started from 2000 server named as Active Directory. With some added features in 2003 also it is named as Active Directory. In 2008 server Active Directory backup and restore possible named as Active Directory Domain Services(AD DS). Size of Active Directory : In 2003 the theoretically size of Active Directory is 40MB and it can sore up to 16,000 million of users. In 2008 size has been reduced to 16MB and it can store up to 40,000 billion of users.

Physical Structures of Active Directory : Sites : connection of two different networks or two different servers in different geographical locations we use router. Router is used for communication, but data process will not able to flow. To process the data from one server to another server or to replicate data we use sites. It is connected by WAN Links. Domain Controller : The uniqueness or identification of domain starts with domain controller and when active directory feature is installed then only we call it as domain controller.

Protocols of Active Directory : 1. LDAP 2. Kerberos LDAP : ( Light weight Directory Access Protocol ) LDAP is existed in 2008 contains information of Password replication User account information Active Directory Information Kerberos Protocol : It is also authentication protocol in 2003 similar to LDAP and it is also in beta version of 2008

Structure of Active Directory in 2008 :