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4.
Transverse bulkhead
Slide 2
16.03.2004
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Stringers
Buttress
Slide 3 16.03.2004
Structural functions
Watertight integrity - Resist internal pressure from cargo and ballast (cargo boundary)
4.
Transverse bulkhead
- Safety against collapse if water ingress (boundary for flooding) Hull girder stiffness - Transverse bulkhead is an important contributor to the hull girder transverse stiffness
Slide 4
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4.
Transverse bulkhead
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Slide 6
16.03.2004
Stiffener
4.
Transverse bulkhead
One sided loading on the transverse bulkhead introduces stresses in the transverse bulkhead as a panel Bulkhead will flex out and high stresses occur at end connections towards deck and bottom
Slide 7 16.03.2004
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Transverse bulkheads are an important contributor to the hull girder transverse stiffness
Sea pressure
Transverse stiffness
Sea pressure
Slide 8
16.03.2004
Characteristic damages
4.
Transverse bulkhead
1. Stringer toes cracking 2. Bottom longitudinal bracket connection to transverse bulkhead - cracks 3. Cracking of transverse bulkhead stiffeners connection to stringers
Slide 9
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4.
Transverse bulkhead
Slide 10
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4.
Transverse bulkhead
Sea pressure
Slide 11
16.03.2004
Cracks in stringer
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Longitudinal bulkhead
Stringer web
Slide 12
Characteristic damages
4.
Transverse bulkhead
1. Stringer toes cracking 2. Bottom longitudinal bracket connection to transverse bulkhead - cracks 3. Cracking of transverse bulkhead stiffeners connection to stringers
Slide 13
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4.
Transverse bulkhead
17.
Cracks in toe of transverse bulkhead bracket ending at bottom longitudinals (wing tanks, midship area)
Slide 14 16.03.2004
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Slide 15
16.03.2004
One sided loading at the transverse bulkhead induce high local alternating bending stresses at the bracket toe
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Similarily, one sided alternate loading at the transverse bulkhead also induces high stresses for a double bottom structure
Modern designs have no longitudinal girders in double bottom giving large relative deflection
Critical areas
Slide 16 16.03.2004
Characteristic damages
4.
Transverse bulkhead
1. Stringer toes cracking 2. Bottom longitudinal bracket connection to transverse bulkhead - cracks 3. Cracking of transverse bulkhead stiffeners connection to stringers
Slide 17
16.03.2004
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Slide 18
16.03.2004
4.
Transverse bulkhead
One sided internal loading from cargo and ballast sets up a shear stress distribution in the bulkhead stiffener
Highly stressed areas are created around geometric hard points at stiffener end connections to the stringer
4.
Transverse bulkhead
Questions ?
Slide 20
16.03.2004