SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (SARAWAK CAMPUS)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE

HES5320 Solid Mechanics
Semester 2, 2011




Group Assignment




Lecturer: Dr. Saad A. Mutasher




By



Group No. 2

Stephen Bong Pi Yiing (4209168)
Ngui Yong Zit (4201205)
Ling Wang Soon (4203364)




Due Date: 5 pm, 28
th
October 2011 (Friday)









Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 2 of 30
Question 1

For plate shown in Figure 1, use solidwork simulation to calculate the maximum principle stresses and
their locations. The materials of plate is Alloy steel (E = 210 GPa, = 0.29). Use the option Design
Scenario in solidwork to study the effect of hole diameter on principle stress. The diameters of hole are
(20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100) mm. Plot separately the graph of principle stress vs. hole diameter.
Vertical axis of graphs should be stress and horizontal axis hole diameter. Discuss the results.


Figure 1

Solutions

Fig. Q1A and Fig. Q1B below shows the results of finite element analysis (FEA) simulation by using
SolidWorks and the plot of principle stress vs. hole diameter.



Fig. Q1A: Locations of principle stresses obtained using SolidWorks FEA Simulation when the holes
diameter is 50 mm.
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 3 of 30


Fig. Q1B: Plot of principle stress vs. hole diameter.

Hole Diameter (mm) Principal Stresses (MPa)
20 4.9915
25 4.7507
30 4.9517
40 5.3035
50 5.8161
60 6.2621
70 6.3928
80 6.8952
90 7.1401
100 7.2091

Table 1: Variation of principle stresses with their respective hole diameter

Discussion: According to the definition of normal stress,
dA
dF
A
F
A
=

=
0
lim , which is a measurement of
the amount of internal forces contained in a deformable materials. It can be also defined by the internal
force per unit area (P. P., Benham; R. J., Crawford & C. G., Armstrong, 1996, pp. 43). Mohrs circle is an
alternative which represents all possible states of normal and shear stress on any plane through a stressed
point. From the Mohrs circle, the plane causes the material to experience zero shear stress is termed
principal planes and the normal stresses acting on them are termed principal stresses which always
denoted as (
1
and
2
, or,
max
and
min
) (P. P., Benham; R. J., Crawford & C. G., Armstrong, 1996, pp.
298 & pp. 301). Based on the results obtained from the SolidWorks FEA simulation as shown in Fig.
Q1A above, the magnitude of the principal stresses are 7.7 MPa and 0.4 MPa respectively. Apart from
that, the stress is maximum at the necking of the plate and minimum at the top and bottom edges of the
hole. When a load of 5 kN is applied at the free end of the plate, the plate experience uniform stress
distribution and the deformation only takes place in tangential direction of the applied load. When a hole
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
P
r
i
n
c
i
p
a
l

S
t
r
e
s
s
,

(
M
P
a
)

Hole Diameter (mm)
Principal Stress, (MPa) vs. Hole Diameter (mm)
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 4 of 30
is drilled with an offset of 0.25 m from the fixed end, the distribution of stresses deviates when the load of
5 kN is applied at the free end. The deviation of colours in the legend beside the simulation as shown in
Fig. Q1A above indicates the magnitude of principle stresses with respective to their locations. In order to
study the effect of principle stresses resulted by various hole diameters, the top edge of the hole has been
selected as a reference point. According to the definition of normal stress,
A
F
= where F is the applied
load and A is the area normal to the applied force, the upsurge in hole diameters will results the reduction
in area which consequence the increase in principle stress as shown in Fig. Q1B above.
























Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 5 of 30
Question 2
A solid plate of 400 mm diameter and 20 mm thickness is acted upon by a uniform distributed pressure of
1000 kN/m
2
acting upward.

(a) Calculate the central deflection use solidwork simulation and compare the result with analytical
solution, check the effect of mesh size.

(b) Use solidworksimulation; sketch the distribution of deflection of the plate under the load and the
radial and tangential stresses along the radius of plate. Then compare the results with the analytical
solution.

(c) Load Case 2 For the same plate, assume a different loading case as follows at the centre a Point
Load, F, of 2000 N acting downwards plus a constant pressure, p, of 1000 kN/m
2
acting upwards
over the entire plate (i.e. in the opposite direction to F). Perform an analysis and note the resulting
plate profile. A Graph (to scale) comparing FEA deflection with theoretical deflection (Vertical axis
of graphs should be w deflection and horizontal axis diametral location.). Discuss the results.

The material of plate is Alloy steel (E = 210 GPa, = 0.29). Assume the plate is clamp at the ends.

Solutions

(a) Simulation



Fig. Q2A: Contour plot of central deflection of the plate caused by uniform distributed pressure of
1000 kPa obtained by using SolidWorks FEA Simulation

Based on Fig. Q2A above, the maximum deflection of the plate when a uniform distributed pressure
of 1000 kPa (1 MPa) is acted upward on the plate is 1.636 10
-1
mm or 0.1636 mm.




Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 6 of 30
Analytical Solution

d = 400 mm = 0.4 m, a = 0.2 m, h = 20 mm = 0.02 m, p = 1000 kN/m
2
.

For Circular Plate, Fixed Outer Edge (Clamp at the ends or clamped periphery), Loaded Uniformly
(see Appendix), the maximum deflection is given by

D
pa
w
64
4
max
=

where
) 1 ( 12
2
3

=
Eh
D is the flexural rigidity.

( ) [ ]
mm 0.1636 =

=
(

= =
m) Pa)(0.02 10 210 ( 16
29 . 0 1 m) Pa)(0.2 10 1000 ( 3
16
) 1 ( 3
) 1 ( 12
64
64
9
2 4 3
3
2 4
3
2
4 4
max
Eh
pa
Eh
pa
D
pa
w

FEA (SolidWorks Simulation)

The analytical deflection with variable radius are calculated by using Microsoft Excel. The plots of
deflections obtained by SolidWorks simulation and analytical solutions are shown in Fig. Q2B
below:



Fig. Q2B: Plot of deflection (mm) vs. radius (mm)






0.00E+00
2.00E-02
4.00E-02
6.00E-02
8.00E-02
1.00E-01
1.20E-01
1.40E-01
1.60E-01
1.80E-01
0 50 100 150 200
D
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)

Radius (mm)
Deflection (mm) vs. Radius (mm)
SolidWorks FEA Simulation
Analytical Solution
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 7 of 30
Check with mesh size:

Shell



Mesh Size: 5 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16356 mm



Mesh Size: 10 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16359 mm

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 8 of 30


Mesh Size: 15 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16361 mm



Mesh Size: 20 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16371 mm

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 9 of 30


Mesh Size: 25 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16376



Mesh Size: 30 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.164 mm

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 10 of 30


Mesh Size: 35 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16397



Mesh Size = 40 mm, Maximum Deflection = 0.16437 mm
















Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 11 of 30
Solid



Mesh Size = 5 mm


Mesh Size = 10 mm

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 12 of 30


Mesh Size = 15 mm



Mesh Size = 20 mm

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 13 of 30


Mesh Size = 25 mm



Mesh Size: 30 mm

The maximum deflections of the circular plate with their respectively mesh sizes are tabulated in
Table 2 and a plot of deflection vs. mesh size are shown in Fig. Q2B below:

Mesh Size
(mm)
Maximum Deflection (mm)
Thin Shell Solid
5 0.16356 0.16944
10 0.16359 0.16902
15 0.16361 0.16847
20 0.16371 0.16733
25 0.16376 0.16593
30 0.164 0.16488
35 0.16397 0.16332
40 0.16437 0.16236
Table 2: Maximum deflection with their respective mesh sizes
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 14 of 30

Fig. Q2C: Plot of maximum deflections (mm) vs. mesh size (mm)

(b) Simulation



Fig. Q2C: Distribution of deflection of the plate under the load and the radial stresses along the
radius of the plate obtained by SolidWorks FEA Simulation
0.162
0.163
0.164
0.165
0.166
0.167
0.168
0.169
0.17
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
D
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)

Mesh Size (mm)
Deflection (mm) vs. Mesh Size (mm)
Thin Shell
Solid
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 15 of 30


Fig. Q2D: Distribution of deflection of the plate under the load and the tangential stresses along the
radius of the plate obtained by SolidWorks FEA Simulation

Analytical Solution

The bending stresses (radial stress, r, and tangential stress,

) are given by
3
12
h
z M
r
r
= and
3
12
h
z M

= where ( ) ( ) [ ]
2 2
3 1
16
r a
p
M
r
+ + = and ( ) ( ) [ ]
2 2
3 1 1
16
r a
p
M

+ + = are the
moment-slope relationships ((P. P., Benham; R. J., Crawford & C. G., Armstrong, 1996, pp. 447).

D = 152855.1152 MN, p = 1000 kPa, h = 20 mm, = 0.29, E = 210 GPa.

The maximum radial and tangential stresses occur at r = a and z = h/2 = 0.02 m/2 = 0.01 m

( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) [ ]
( ) MPa 75 = =

=
+ + = + + = =
=
=
Pa 000000 75 m 2 . 0 2
m) 02 . 0 ( 8
Pa) 10 1000 ( 3
3 1
8
3
3 1
16 2
12
12
2
2
3
2 2
2
2 2
3 3
2
max ,
a a
h
p
r a
p h
h h
z M
a r
h z
r
r



( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) [ ]
MPa 21.75 = =

= =
+ + = + + = =
=
=
Pa 0000 2175
m) 02 . 0 ( 4
m) m)(0.2 29 . 0 Pa)( 10 1000 ( 3
4
3
3 1 1
8
3
3 1 1
16 2
12
12
2
2 3
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
3 3
2
max ,
h
a p
a a
h
p
r a
p h
h h
z M
a r
h z

The variation of bending stresses (radial and tangential) with respect to the deviation of radius are
calculated by using Microsoft Excel and the plots of variation of radial stresses and tangential
stresses with respect to the deviation of radius for both the SolidWorks FEA Simulation and
analytical solution are shown in Fig. Q2E and Fig. Q2F below.
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 16 of 30


Fig. Q2E: Plot of radial stresses (MPa) vs. radius (mm)



Fig. Q2F: Plot of tangential stresses (MPa) vs. radius (mm)




-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 50 100 150 200 R
a
d
i
a
l

S
t
r
e
s
s
,

r

(
M
P
a
)


Radius (mm)
Radial Stress,
r
(MPa) vs. Radius (mm)
SolidWorks FEA Simulation
Analytical Solution
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
0 50 100 150 200
T
a
n
g
e
n
t
i
a
l

S
t
r
e
s
s
,

(
M
P
a
)


Radius (mm)
Tangential Stress,

(MPa) vs. Radius (mm)

SolidWorks FEA Simulation
Analytical Solution
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 17 of 30
(c) Simulation



Fig. Q2G: Deflection profile of the circular plates with uniform distribution pressure of 1 MPa
(upwards) and a point load of 2000 N (downwards). The maximum deflection is 0.1532 mm.

Analytical Solution

The maximum deflection of the circular plate which subjected to a uniform pressure distribution of 1
MPa (upwards) and a point load of 2000 N (downwards) can be determined by using the method of
superposition.

From part (a), the maximum deflection caused by the uniform pressure distribution is w
max, pressure
=
0.1636 mm.

For Circular Plate, Fixed Outer Edge (clamped periphery), and Loaded by Central Concentrated
Force (Point Load) (see Appendix), the deflections with respect to diametral deviation and maximum
deflection are given by

(

+ |

\
|
=
2 2 2
ln 2
16
r a
a
r
r
D
F
w

and
D
Fa
w
16
2
max
=

mm 0.1532 =
=
+ =
+ =
mm 0104 . 0 mm 1636 . 0
) N 1152 . 152855 ( 16
) m .2 0 N)( 2000 (
mm 1636 . 0
2
Load Point max, on Distributi Pressure Uniform max, 2 Case Loading max,

w w w


The deflections of the circular plate with respect to the diametral deviation are calculated by using
Microsoft Excel. Fig. Q2H below shows the plot of deflection (mm) vs. diametral location (mm).
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 18 of 30


Fig. Q2H: Plot of deflection (mm) vs. diametral location (mm)

Discussion: Since the uniform distributed pressure acting upwards in much greater than the
magnitude of point load which acting downwards, therefore, it can be concluded that the overall
deflected profile is in the positive y-direction which is also proven by using either the analytical
solution (method of superposition) and SolidWorks FEA Simulation. Apart from that, since the point
load is acting downwards at the centre of the circular plate and the distribution of pressure is uniform
over the entire plate, thus, the plot of deflection vs. diametral location as shown in Fig. Q2H above is
like a bell curve due to its symmetrical loadings property. Since the circular plate is clamped at its
periphery, therefore, there has no deflection at its end (r = a = 200 mm). Based on Fig. Q2H, there
has not much deviations between the results obtained by using analytical solution and SolidWorks
FEA Simulation. Besides, as shown in Fig. Q2E and Fig. Q2F, the deviations of results between the
two methodologies is extremely small as well. Thus, SolidWorks FEA Simulation can be used for
practical experiments and modeling as it provides good approximations.















0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
D
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
,

w

(
m
m
)


Diametral Location (mm)
Deflection, w (mm) vs. Diametral Location (mm)
SolidWorks FEA
Simulation
Analytical Solution
Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 19 of 30
Question 3

For the truss shown in Figure 2

(a) Use method of joints or method of sections to calculate the forces in each member.
(b) Use finite element method to calculate the displacement in nodes 3 and 7.
(c) Calculate the forces in each element (member) and compare your results with part (a).


Figure 2

Solutions

(a) Support Reactions:

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) = = = + =
= = + =

kN 50 kN 50
kN 250
1 2 1
2 2 1
0 kN 50 1 kN 50 ; 0
0 m 9 kN 150 m 6 m 3 kN 50 ; 0
R R R F
R R M
y


Method of Joints

Joint 7

(C) kN 150
(T) kN 212.13
=
=
=
=
= +
=

7 5
7 6 7 5
7 6
7 6
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
kN 150
0
F
F F
F
F
F
F
x
y









Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 20 of 30
Joint 6

(T) kN 150
(C) kN 150
=
=
=
=
=
=

6 3
6 3 7 6
6 5
7 6 6 5
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
F
F F
F
F
F F
F
x
y


Joint 5

(C) kN 50
(C) kN 141.42
=
= +
=
=
= +
=

5 4
5 4 5 3
5 3
5 3
0 kN 150
2
2
0
0
2
2
kN 250 kN 150
0
F
F F
F
F
F
F
x
y


Joint 3

(T) kN 50
(T) kN 100
=
= +
=
=
=
=

3 2
5 3 3 2
4 3
4 3 5 3
0
2
2
kN 150
0
0
2
2
0
F
F F
F
F
F F
F
x
y













Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 21 of 30
Joint 2

(T) kN 50
(C) kN 70.71
=
= + +
=
=
=
=

2 1
4 2 2 1
4 2
4 2 3 2
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
F
F F
F
F
F F
F
y
x


By taking the sum of forces in x-direction at Joint 4 gives F
1-4
= 0.

(b) Member (Element) Numbering



A = 2500 mm
2
= 2500 10
-6
m
2
E = 200 GPa = 2 10
11
Pa
EA = 5 10
8
N

Member Length (m) (deg.) cos = c sin = s
L AE k =
(MN/m)
(1) 3 90 0 1 166.67
(2) 3 0 1 0 166.67
(3) 3 90 0 1 166.67
(4) 3 0 1 0 166.67
(5) 3 90 0 1 166.67
(6)
2 3
135 2 2 2 2 117.85
(7) 3 0 1 0 166.67
(8) 3 0 1 0 166.67
(9) 3 0 1 0 166.67
(10)
2 3
135 2 2 2 2 117.85
(11)
2 3
135 2 2 2 2 117.85

The general stiffness matrix for the element in global co-ordinates is given by:

[ ]
(
(
(
(
(

=
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
s cs s cs
cs c cs c
s cs s cs
cs c cs c
K
G
e

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 22 of 30
The stiffness matrix for each element in global co-ordinates will be:

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
1 G
e
K [ ]
(
(
(
(

=
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
2 G
e
K

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
3 G
e
K [ ]
(
(
(
(

=
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
4 G
e
K

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0
5 G
e
K [ ]
(
(
(
(

=
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
6 G
e
K

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
7 G
e
K [ ]
(
(
(
(

=
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
8 G
e
K

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166
9 G
e
K [ ]
(
(
(
(

=
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
10 G
e
K

[ ]
(
(
(
(

=
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58
11 G
e
K

By expanding these stiffness matrices, the stiffness matrix for the whole structure will be:

[ ]
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

=
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0
0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166
G
e
S
K

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 23 of 30

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0
0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

Boundary Conditions: 0 and 0 , 0
5 1 1
= = =
Y X Y


By applying the boundary conditions the equations can be reduced to:

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

7
7
6
6
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
7
7
6
6
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 67 . 166
0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0
0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 6 . 225 0
0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 67 . 166
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

Substitute the magnitude of the external forces, the equations become:

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

7
7
6
6
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 67 . 166
0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0
0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 6 . 225 0
0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 67 . 166
150
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X

By using T1-84, the displacement is given by:

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

2711 . 7
8999 . 0
8999 . 0
9257 . 2
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
3006 . 0
7251 . 1
3006 . 0
150
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 . 58 93 . 58 93 . 58 6 . 225 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 67 . 166 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 67 . 166
0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 0
0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0
0 0 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 6 . 225 0
0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 0 0 0 67 . 166
1
7
7
6
6
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 24 of 30
Therefore, the displacements at nodes 3 and 7 are:

mm 7.2711 mm 0.8999 mm 0.3268 mm 2.0254 = = = =
7 7 3 3
and , ,
Y X Y X


Direction:
x3
Right

y3
Upwards

x7
Left

y7
Downwards

(c) The forces in each member is given by:

( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
[ ] (C) kN 150
(C) kN 50
0
(C) kN 212.99
(C) kN 149.99
(T) kN 150.05
(C) kN 100.01
(T) kN 50.05
(T) kN 50.10
=
)
`

=
)
`

=
=
)
`

=
)
`

=
=

=
=

=
=
)
`

=
)
`

=
=

=
=

=
=

=
=

=
kN
2711 . 7
8999 . 0
0 1 67 . 166
kN
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
0 1 67 . 166
kN
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
3006 . 0
0 1 1 67 . 166
kN
2711 . 7
8999 . 0
8999 . 0
9257 . 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
85 . 117
kN
8999 . 0
9257 . 2
1 0 67 . 166
kN
8999 . 0
9257 . 2
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
1 0 1 0 67 . 166
kN
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
1 0 1 0 67 . 166
kN
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
3006 . 0
7251 . 1
0 1 0 1 67 . 166
kN
3006 . 0
7251 . 1
3006 . 0
1 0 0 67 . 166
7
7
8 9 9
4
4
8 8 8
4
4
1
1 7 7
7
7
6
6
6 6 6
6
6
5 5 5
6
6
3
3
4 4 4
4
4
3
3
3 3 3
3
3
2
2
2 2 2
2
2
1
1 1 1
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
X
s c k f
s c k f
s c c k f
s c s c k f
s c k f
s c s c k f
s c s c k f
s c s c k f
s c c k f

Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 25 of 30
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
( ) ( )
[ ]
( )
(T) kN 142.13
(T) kN 70
=
)
`

=
)
`

=
=

=
kN
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
2
2
2
2
85 . 117
kN
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
3006 . 0
7251 . 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
85 . 117
3
3
11 11 11
4
4
2
2
10 10 10
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
s c k f
s c s c k f

Support Reactions:

(
(
(

0843 250
2132 0
1010 50
2711 . 7
8999 . 0
8999 . 0
987 . 2
0
0
2738 . 0
3006 . 0
3268 . 0
0254 . 2
3006 . 0
7251 . 1
0
3006 . 0
0 0 67 . 166 0 6 . 225 93 . 58 0 0 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 67 . 166 0 0 93 . 58 27 . 392 0 67 . 166 93 . 58 93 . 58 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 . 166 0 67 . 166 0
5
5
1
.
.
.
R
R
R
Y
X
Y

Thus, R
1Y
= -50.1010 kN and R
5Y
= 250.0848 kN

Based on the calculations above, the difference between the results obtained by using finite element
analysis and method of joints is extremely small, and therefore, it can be concluded that finite
element analysis is a powerful methodology for modeling a complex structure.


























Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 26 of 30



























APPENDIX

























Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 27 of 30
TABULATED SOLUTIONS OF CIRCULAR PLATES
(Ref.: Budynas, R. G., 1999, Advanced Strength and Applied Stress Analysis, pp. 337-340, 2
nd
edn.,
McGraw-Hill, Singapore)



Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 28 of 30



Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 29 of 30


Group Assignment
HES5320 Solid Mechanics, Semester 2, 2011 Group No. 2 Page 30 of 30


References:

Budynas, R. G., 1999, Advanced Strength and Applied Stress Analysis, pp. 337 340, WCB McGraw-
Hill, Singapore.

Benham, P. P.; Crawford, R. J.; Armstrong, C. G., 1996, Mechanics of Engineering Materials, Pearson
Longman, China.