SKIN PASS MILL

Annealing coils are given a small cold reduction (typically around 1 %) in the Skin Pass Mill. In this operation, the yield point of material is suppressed and also the right surface roughness is imparted on the strip surface as per the customer specifications. During the Skin Passing Temper Agent Oil is applied on strip surface for cleaning purpose. In addition, a metallurgical defect known as stretcher strains is eliminated and also the flatness of the strip is improved. In Skin passing operation, shot blasted or textured work rolls are used and the strip is rolled under light rolling loads and given a stretch which is measured in terms of percentage elongation ranging usually between 0.25 to 1.0 percent. Under this light load, the skin of the strip gets work hardened, leaving the core undisturbed. Thus skin passing suppresses the yield point elongation phenomenon of low carbon annealed steel. Skin passing also improves the shape of the strip by the stretch phenomenon associated with the operation.

SPM Equipment
1. Main drives 03 2. Mill Stand rolls 04 3. Auxiliary rolls 08 4. Oiling System 5. Fume exhaust system 6. Hydraulic gap control system 7. Elongation control 8. Low pressure hydraulic system 9. Quick Roll Changing CarAuto Temper agent % Concentration 10. Back up rolls polishing

Unique Features SPM

Higher Productivity High degree accuracy - Elongation Control Surface Cleanliness - Wet skin pass Eco Friendly Fume exhaust

Roll Material

Roll

Material

Back up Roll

Cast iron 60 65 Shore c

Work Roll

Alloy forged steel 95 97 Shore c Chrome plated & Textured

Auxiliary rolls

PURPOSE TO SKIN PASS ?

1. Improvement of mechanical properties of material. 2. Shape correction. 3. Adjustment of surface properties - Roughness - Matte Bright 4. Apply Rust Preventive oil (optional)

IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

A) Elimination of yield point Elongation. B) Improvement of formability by decreasing the yield point. C) Improvement of mechanical properties.

FUNDAMENTALS OF SKINPASSING

When the As - annealed mild sheet is preformed, surface markings, called stretcher strains markings, appear on deformed parts. Stretcher strains are also called as Luder bands. The formation of these markings can be prevented by Skinpassing up to 1-2 % Extension before performing.

LUDER BAND OR STRETCHER STRAIN

Luder Band

This band is formed with an angle of about 45o - 50o with respect to the tensile axis The markings formed between U and L are called as Luder Lines or Stretcher Strains.

YIELD POINT PHENOMENON Figure shows the Stress - Strain diagram for (annealed) low carbon steel. The yield point phenomenon was found originally in this material.

Stress

Strain

Fig. After Skin Passing Operation

PURPOSE OF SKINPASS SHAPE

Shape Control

Shape of base sheet

Roll crown

Roll seperating force

tension

speed

Shape after temper rolling

Properties base sheet

Roll roughness

Pass line

Percentage reduction

Stability of operation

in roughness

PURPOSE OF SKINPASS - SURFACE ROUGHNESS

The surface of coil-rolled sheet is finished in two ways Dull finish (Matte) Bright finish.

Surface finish not only is a factor determining look of product but also has a great effect or the lubricating condition of product to be press formed and the film characteristics at time of surface treatment. The condition of surface finish is a very important factor of quality. Several methods described below are employed for controlling the factor of surface finish. (1) Surface roughness of work rolls (2) Rolling tonnage by work rolls and roll separating force. (3) Surface roughness of strip before temper rolling

DULL FINISH The surface of roll to be used for temper rolling is mat-finished by shot blasting of steel grit or elector discharge texturing. This finish is widely as it ensure good paint ability.

BRIGHT FINISH When the working rolls are ground, the roll surface is bright- finished to about Ra 0.05 m by using a grinding wheel of small grain size. The surface roughness of the strip rolled by bright-finished rolls is below Ra 0.35 m which is suitable for prime coating Generally, the surface finish condition of strip in the temper rolling process is controlled in terms of the surface finished of work rolls only. For confirmation of this condition, the roughness and look of sheet surface after temper rolling is checked at regular intervals.

SURFACE ROUGHNESS CONTROLLING PARAMETERS

Shape after Temper Rolling

PURPOSE OF WET SKIN PASSING

Improve Cleanliness Of The Product & Rolls Improve The Rust Preventive Property During Transit Reduce Surface Marks - Roll Marks,Iron Fines Sticking Reduce The Power Consumption

IMPORTANT PROCESS PARAMETERS

SPM Elongation Roll Force Bending force POR Tension TR Tension SPM Speed

SKIN PASS % ELONGATION FOR VARIOUS GRADES