Map - Types of Maps -Characteristics of maps

HASEEB JAMAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM-GIS

Map
Definition: A map is a graphic form, normally to scale, of spatial abstraction of features on, or in relation to, the surface of the Earth.

URBAN PLANNING, TOWN PLANNING AND ZONING THROUGH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Types of maps
1. Topographic maps 2. Thematic maps

Topographic map:
A reference tool, showing the outlines of selected natural and man-made features of the Earth. "Topography" refers to the shape of the surface, represented by contours and/or shading, but topographic maps also show roads and other prominent features.

Thematic map:
A tool to communicate geographical concepts such as

The distribution of population densities, climate, movement of goods, land use etc. Line maps versus photo (image) map 2D vs 3D maps

Characteristics of maps

Scale Projection

Scale
The scale of a map is the ratio between distances on the map and corresponding distances in the real world, e.g., if a map has a scale of 1:50,000, then 1 cm on the map equals 50,000 cm or 0.5 km on the Earth's surface. "Small scale" and "large scale" is often confused, e.g, 1:50,000 vs. 1:500,000 The scale controls not only how features are shown, but what features are shown, e.g., Engineering building: 0.2mm*50,000=10 m Map projections. The Earth's surface is curved but as it must be shown on a flat sheet, some distortion is inevitable.

Map - Types of Maps -Characteristics of maps

HASEEB JAMAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM-GIS

Map
Definition: A map is a graphic form, normally to scale, of spatial abstraction of features on, or in relation to, the surface of the Earth.

URBAN PLANNING, TOWN PLANNING AND ZONING THROUGH GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Types of maps
1. Topographic maps 2. Thematic maps

Topographic map:

A reference tool, showing the outlines of selected natural and man-made features of the Earth. "Topography" refers to the shape of the surface, represented by contours and/or shading, but topographic maps also show roads and other prominent features.

Thematic map:
A tool to communicate geographical concepts such as

The distribution of population densities, climate, movement of goods, land use etc. Line maps versus photo (image) map 2D vs 3D maps

Characteristics of maps

Scale Projection

Scale
The scale of a map is the ratio between distances on the map and corresponding distances in the real world, e.g., if a map has a scale of 1:50,000, then 1 cm on the map equals 50,000 cm or 0.5 km on the Earth's surface. "Small scale" and "large scale" is often confused, e.g, 1:50,000 vs. 1:500,000 The scale controls not only how features are shown, but what features are shown, e.g., Engineering building: 0.2mm*50,000=10 m Map projections. The Earth's surface is curved but as it must be shown on a flat sheet, some distortion is inevitable.