PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES

FOR WIRE AND CABLE

FLAME RETARDANCE SMOKE SUPPRESSION ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL PROPERTY ENHANCEMENT

FLAMES

AND

SMOkE

DONT

LIkE

US

Huber Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppressant Solutions:

Exceeding the Requirements of Wire and Cable Compounders and Producers
Huber offers a broad product line of high performing additives to exceed the needs of wire and cable compounders and producers. The following are the primary brands of Huber flame retardants and smoke suppressants that meet the demanding requirements of our customers: Micral Alumina Trihydrate Hymod Surface-Treated Alumina Trihydrate Vertex Magnesium Hydroxide Zerogen Magnesium Hydroxide Kemgard Flame Retardants and Smoke Suppressants Alumina trihydrate (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MDH) are widely used to make low-smoke and/or halogen-free flame retardant wire and cable compounds for a range of insulation and jacketing applications. ATH and MDH serve to retard both flame and smoke via an endothermic reaction that releases water when heated to decomposition. The metal oxide by-product from decomposed ATH and MDH, Al2O3 and MgO respectively, also helps form a char on the polymer, thus insulating the polymer from heat and oxygen. The chart below compares the decomposition characteristics of ATH and MDH. ATH decomposes at about 220C while MDH decomposes at about 330C thus having a higher thermal stability allowing for a wider window for compounding processing.

Alumina Trihydrate (ATH) and Magnesium Hydroxide (MDH)

Thermal Stability Comparison Of ATH and MDH

110 100
Weight Loss (%)

90 80 70 60 0 100 200 300

Temperature ( C)

ATH MDH 400 500 600

DECOMPOSITION TEMPERATURE OF ATH AND MDH MEASURED BY TGA. Property

ATH Micral 932 Micral 1500

Particle Size, Product Microns Description

2.1 1.5 Fine particle size, ground ATH Fine particle size, ground ATH

ATH is suitable to use in PVC- and polyolefin-based wire and cable compounds where compounding processing temperatures are typically below 220C. MDH is preferred for formulating the compounds that need to be processed at temperatures near or above the ATH decomposition temperature such as polypropylene and engineering thermoplastics. Use of MDH also enables processing of PVC or polyolefin compounds at higher temperatures not permissible for ATH, thus enhancing the compounding efficiency or extrusion throughput.

Key material parameters considered when selecting an ATH or MDH product for flame retardant wire and cable applications are particle size, particle size distribution, surface area, particle shape or morphology, chemical cleanliness and color. These parameters will directly affect compounding performance and compound properties. Other common considerations may include the type and level of surface treatment based on the polymer type and compound performance requirements.

The ATH or MDH particle properties directly affect compound performance. For your specific application, let Huber assist110 with a product recommendation based on our technical expertise. you Property ATH

Physical Property Comparison of ATH and MDH

Weight Loss (%) Loss (%) Weight

Property

100 110

ATH
Powder Hexagonal pla gonal platelet White 2.42 9-10 2.5-3.5 1.57 220C / 428F 280 30034.6% 400

90 Physical Form 100 Particle Morphology Color 80 Specific Gravity, g/cm3 90 pH Value ATH Mohs Hardness 70 80 Refractive Index MDH Decomposition Temperature ATH 60 Heat of Decomposition, cal/g 70 0 Theoretical loss on100 MDH Ignition, % 200

500

60 Hubers Base ATH and MDH Products for Wire and Cable Applications 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 Huber offers many products for wire and cable applications, including the following base materials.
Numerous other grades are available within each product category. Temperature ( C) Property
ATH Micral 932 Property Micral 1500 Micral 9400 Vertex 932 Micral 60 Vertex 100 Micral 1500 Zerogen9400 Micral 50 Zerogen60 Vertex 100

Temperature ( C)

Physical Form MDH Particle Morphology Property Color Powder Physical Gravity, g/cm3 Specific Form Hexagonal platelet Value pH Particle Morphology White Mohs Color Hardness 2.36 Refractive Index Specific Gravity, g/cm3 10-11 Decomposition Temperature pH Value 2.0-3.0 Heat of Decomposition, cal/g Mohs Hardness 1.58 Theoretical loss Refractive Index on Ignition, % 330C / 626FDecomposition Temperature 328 Heat of Decomposition, cal/g 600 31.0% Theoretical loss on Ignition, %

Powder Hexagonal pla gonal platelet ATH White 2.42 Powder 9-10 Hexagonal pla gonal platelet 2.5-3.5 White 1.57 2.42 220C / 428F 9-10 280 2.5-3.5 34.6% 1.57 220C / 428F 280 34.6%

Particle Size, Product Microns Description

2.1 Fine particle size, ground ATH Particle Size, Fine particle size, ground ATH Product 1.5 Microns Description 1.1 Fine particle size, precipitated ATH, low electrolytes Zerogen 100SP Zerogen 50SP 2.7 broad ATH 2.1 Fine particle size, groundparticle size distribution 1.5 Fine particle size, ground ATH uniform particle size distribution 1.5 1 low electrolytes 1.1 Fine particle size, precipitated ATH, low electrolytes 0.8 Ultrafine particle broad particle size distribution 2.7 Fine particle size, size, very low electrolytes
6644 mg 1123 psi 5576 mg 291% 0.007 0.005 75% 65 1142 psi 1123 psi

Zerogen 10

H MDH ATH H ed ATH, low electrolytes ticle size distribution MDH article size distribution Vertex 100 1.5 Fine particle size, uniform particle size distribution rolytes Type Polymer System particle size, low electrolytes Zerogen 50 1 Hubers Surface-Treated ATH and MDH Fine Performance Benefits Cable Applications Products for Wire and low electrolytes Surface ST Zerogen 100 Polyolefins, PVC Ultrafine particle size, very low electrolytes (Fatty Acid) Processability, dispersion 0.8
1142 psi 55

Zerogen 10

291%

Huber also has the following state-of-the-art surface treatments to enhance the performance of the base materials.
Treatments Low temperature properties, mechanical properties Performance Benefits Compounding Mechanical properties, flame retardant (FR) Brightness Dissipation Tourque FR (lower smoke,Factor limiting oxygen index [LOI]) higher Processability, dispersion Dynamic thermal stability, hydrophobicity Low temperature properties, mechanical properties Mechanical properties, flame retardant (FR) FR (lower smoke, higher limiting oxygen index [LOI]) Dynamic thermal stability, hydrophobicity

Tensile Strength Tensile Strength

1142 psi

1123 psi

75% 75%

Elongation

291%

SA (Aminosilane) Polyamides, Polyolefins Type Polymer Elongation SP (Vinyl Silane) Polyolefins,System Elastomers Tensile Strength on SV (Fatty Acid) Polyolefins PVC Surface ST (Polymeric) Polyolefins, erties, mechanical properties SA (Phenyl Silane) Polyamides, Polyolefins Treatments SF (Aminosilane) PVC flame retardant (FR) SP (Vinyl Silane) Polyolefins, Elastomers limiting oxygen index [LOI]) SV (Polymeric) Polyolefins lity, hydrophobicity SF (Phenyl Silane) PVC

efits

Elongation

Product

Product Description
Basic zinc molybdate Zinc molybdate treated talc Product Description Micronized zinc molybdate treated talc

Performance Benefits
High efficiency smoke suppressant and char former Cost-effective smoke suppressant Performance Benefits Cost-effective smoke suppressant, suitable for thin gauge wire applications

Kemgard 911B Kemgard 911C s Product 1100 Kemgard pressant and char former

110 110 100 100

Weight Loss (%)(%) Weight Loss

Property ATH FLAMES A N D S M O k E D O N T L I kE Powder US Physical Form

Particle Form Physical Morphology Color Particle Morphology Specific Color Gravity, g/cm3 Specific Gravity, g/cm3 pH Value Mohs Hardness pH Value Performance Refractive Index Mohs Hardness Decomposition Refractive Index Temperature Heat of Decomposition, cal/g Decomposition Temperature Theoretical loss on Ignition, % Heat of Decomposition, cal/g Theoretical loss on Ignition, % Hexagonal pla Powder gonal platelet White Hexagonal pla gonal platelet 2.42 White 9-10 2.42 2.5-3.5 9-10 1.57 2.5-3.5 220C / 428F 1.57 280 220C / 428F 34.6% 280 34.6%

Property

ATH

90 90

80 Introducing Zerogen 100 MDH: Delivering Enhanced Compound 80 70 70

Zerogen 100SP 1142 psi

60 60 0 0

ATH ATH MDH MDH

Zerogen 50SP 5576 mg

6644 mg

Property Particle Size, Product Microns Description Property Particle Size, Product Zerogen 100 is a new line of MDH products introduced to offer improved mechanical property Microns Description Micral 932 2.1 Fine particle size, ground ATH ATH balance and enhanced electrical and color performance benefits. The Zerogen 100 products are Micral 932 1500 1.5 2.1 Fine particle size, ground ATH ATH designed for wire and cable applications where electrical and mechanical performance considerations Micral 1500 9400 1.1 1.5 Fine particle size, ground ATH ATH, low electrolytes precipitated are most critical. The chart above highlights improved performance for EVA compounds made with silane-treated Zerogen 100SP versus a similarly treated Zerogen size, precipitated ATH, low electrolytes Micral 60 Vertex 9400 1.1 2.7 Fine particle 50 additive. This Zerogen 100 grade broad particle size distribution MDH also provides enhanced compounding rheology as shown. Vertex 60 100 1.5 2.7 Fine particle size, broad particle size distribution uniform particle size distribution MDH

Tensile Strength

Hubers Kemgard products are molybdate-based flame retardants and smoke suppressants used in Zerogen 100 0.8 Ultrafine particle size, very low electrolytes PVC wire and cable compounds. When the compound burns, molybdates chemically influence the Type Polymer System Performance Benefits formation of organic char, effectively insulating the polymer from the heat and oxygen source thereby Type Polymer System Performance Benefits Surface ST (Fatty Acid) Polyolefins, PVC Processability, dispersion lowering smoke and heat release. Kemgard grades are manufactured by patented processes in Treatments SA (Fatty Acid) Surface Low temperature properties, mechanical properties ST (Aminosilane) Polyamides, PVC Polyolefins, Polyolefins Processability, dispersion which molybdates are precipitated on an inert mineral core. This coated core approach makes Treatments SA (Vinyl Silane) SP (Aminosilane) Polyamides, Elastomers Low temperature properties, mechanical(FR) Polyolefins, Polyolefins Mechanical properties, flame retardant properties more efficient use of the molybdate species by maximizing the active surface area, and at a much SV (Polymeric) Polyolefins FR (lower smoke, higher limiting oxygen SP (Vinyl Silane) Polyolefins, Elastomers Mechanical properties, flame retardant (FR) lower cost than pure molybdate chemicals, such as ammonium octamolybdate (AOM). index [LOI])
SF (Polymeric) PVC Dynamic smoke, stability, hydrophobicity SV (Phenyl Silane) Polyolefins FR (lower thermalhigher limiting oxygen index [LOI]) Compounders can utilize Kemgard products to replace AOM or partially replace antimony oxide SF (Phenyl Silane) PVC Dynamic thermal stability, hydrophobicity

Introducing Kemgard 50 Smoke Suppressantsparticle size, size, very low electrolytes Zerogen 100 1 Fine 0.8 Ultrafine particle low electrolytes

to achieve desirable smoke suppression performance while reducing costs and minimizing regulatory concerns over antimony oxide use. Product Product 911B Kemgard
Kemgard 911B 911C Kemgard 911C 1100 Kemgard 1100 Kemgard HPSS Kemgard HPSS

Kemgard Smoke Reduction Performance

42 42 40 40 38 38 210 210 178 178 106 106
4 phr Sb2O3 4 phr Sb2O3 2 phr Sb2O3 5 phr Kemgard HPSS 2 Sb2O3 5 phr Kemgard HPSS No Sb2O3 10 phr2O3 Kemgard HPSS No Sb 10 phr Kemgard HPSS

1123 psi

100 100

Elongation

Zerogen Vertex 100 50

Product Description Product molybdate Description Basic zinc

Zinc molybdate treated talc Basic zinc molybdate Zinc molybdate treated talc Micronized zinc molybdate treated talc Micronized zinc molybdate Basic zinc molybdate/ treated talc magnesium hydroxide Basic zinc molybdate/ complex magnesium hydroxide complex

291%

200 300 400 200 Temperature ( C) 400 300

0.007 0.005 65

500 500

600 600
64% of MDH in EVA (28% VA, 2 MI)

LOI LOI

NBS smoke (D max) NBS smoke (D max)

75%

Temperature ( C)
55

Brightness

Dissipation Factor

Compounding Tourque

Zerogen 100S 1142 psi psi 1142 1123 psi psi 1123

Zerogen 100S

291% 291%

15 1.

Fine particle size, low electrolytes size distribution uniform particle

75% 75%

Kemgard products are available with hydrophobic non-functional surface

Tensile Strength Tensile Strength

Elongation Elongation

Br Br

Performance Benefits Performancesmoke suppressant and char former Benefits High efficiency
Cost-effective smoke suppressant High efficiencysmoke suppressant and char former Cost-effective smoke suppressant suitable for thin suppressant, gauge wire applications Cost-effective smoke suppressant, suitable for thin Smokewire applications char former gauge suppressant and Smoke suppressant and char former

treatments to reduce moisture pick-up, improve powder flow properties and ensure better dispersion in the polymer matrix.

Flexible PVC contains plasticizer which generally means higher flame spread, lower LOI values and more smoke.

Flame Retardant/Smoke Suppression Applications

Building Wire Power/Utility Cable and Accessories Electrical/Electronic Cable and Components Security Cable Transit/Transportation Cable Mining Cable Communications/Data Cable Automotive Wire Appliance Cable Windmill Cable

Huber Wire and Cable Capabilities

Hubers technical and commercial expertise is the foundation to developing innovative products that meet the exacting performance requirements for each application. Huber Engineered Materials is a supplier of metal hydroxide products (ATH and MDH) used for fire retardant material applications. Huber specializes in the design, manufacture and marketing of a comprehensive product portfolio based on ATH, MDH and metal molybdates and phosphate.

Fire Testing Capabilities

ASTM E1354: Cone Calorimeter ASTM E662: NBS Smoke Chamber ASTM D3806: Two-Foot Tunnel ASTM D2863: Limiting Oxygen Index UL 94: Horizontal and Vertical Burn Tests ASTM E648: Radiant Panel

Huber Engineered Materials: Over a Century of Advancing Technology

Huber Engineered Materials is part of J. M. Huber Corporation, one of the largest family-owned companies in the United States. J.M. Huber Corporation is a broadly diversified multinational company providing innovative products and services in three major sectors: Engineered Materials, Natural Resources and Technology-based Services. Huber Engineered Materials develops engineered specialty ingredients that enhance the performance, appeal and processing of a broad range of products used in industrial, paper and consumer-based applications.

Technical Papers

Huber offers an array of technical papers offering guidance in using its performance additives in wire and cable applications. The following articles are available upon request: Fire Performance Synergies of Metal Hydroxides and Metal Molybdates in Antimony-Free Flexible PVC SPE Vinyltec, 2010 Flame Retardant (FR) Olefinic Polymers Containing Metal Hydroxides Fire Performance vs. Other Properties Optimization by Surface Modification 2010 BCC Conference on Flame Retardant Polymeric Materials Enhanced FR Performance Enabled by Magnesium Hydroxide with Metal Molybdates in EVA Wire and Cable Compounds Earned the Jack Spergel Memorial Award for Outstanding Technical Paper, 58th International Wire and Cable Symposium, 2009 Synergies of Metal Hydroxides and Metal Molybdates in Low-Smoke Flexible PVC 57th International Wire and Cable Symposium, 2008 New Magnesium Hydroxides Enabling Low-Smoke Cable Compounds Wire and Cable Technology International, January 2008 Non-Halogen Flame Retardant Polyolefin Compounds via Synergistic Blends of Metal Hydroxides and Mineral Fillers SPE International Polyolefins Conference, 2007 Low-smoke Flexible PVC Compounds via Metal Hydroxide as Flame Retardants SPE Vinyltec, 2006 Synergistic Benefits of Metal Hydroxides and Zinc Borate in Flame Retardant Wire and Cable Performance Compounds 54th International Wire and Cable Symposium, 2005 Use of Surface-Modified Magnesium Hydroxide for Low-Smoke Flame Retardant Thermoplastics Applications Intertechs Conference on Functional Fillers for Plastics, 2005 Effects of Morphological and Surface Characteristics of Magnesium Hydroxide on Performance of Flame Retardant Wire and Cable Compounds 53rd International Wire and Cable Symposium, 2004 Comparison of Ground vs. Precipitated Fine Aluminum Trihydrate for Flame Retardant Wire and Cable Applications 52nd International Wire and Cable Symposium, 2003

For more information or to sample our products, please contact us:

Email: hubermaterials@huber.com Web: hubermaterials.com Telephone: 1-866-JMHUBER (1-866-564-8237)

Corporate Headquarters:
Huber Engineered Materials 1000 Parkwood Circle, Suite 1000 Atlanta, GA 30339 Main 678-247-7300

Technology Center:
251 Gordon Street Fairmount, GA 30139 Main 706-337-3243 Fax 706-337-3384

THERE ARE NO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Refer to Hubers Standard Conditions of Sale for the only express warranties applicable to the Huber products. Products incorporating Huber products are not warranted by Huber. In no event is Huber liable for consequential damages. Hymod and Micral are used, applied for, or registered as trademarks of the J.M. Huber Corporation for alumina trihydrate in various countries around the world. Kemgard and Zerogen are used, applied for, or registered as trademarks of the J.M. Huber Corporation for mineral flame retardants in various countries around the world. Vertex is used, applied for, or registered as a trademark of the J.M. Huber Corporation for magnesium hydroxide in various countries around the world. 2010 J.M. Huber Corporation ATH/WC/RevIV/Nov10