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 - 2010 , , , , , . Theory of translation Translation Studies as a discipline. The history of Translation Studies: four periods in the development of the translation theory. 2. The process of translating. Translation as a product and a commodity. 3. Functions of translation. 4. Principles of correspondence in Translation Studies. The notion of equivalence: lines of approach. 5. The problem of translation multiplicity. 6. On the correlation of Contrastive Linguistics and Translation Studies. 7. The translation of serious literature and authoritative statements. 8. The translators role. The translators personality. 9. Interpreting as a linguistic phenomenon. Kinds of interpreting. 10. The verbal image as a problem of translation. 11. Neologisms as a problem of translation. 12. Languages of limited diffusion and the problem of translation. 13. The componential analysis in Translation Studies: its sphere of application and limitations. 14. Colour words in English and Ukrainian. 15. Problematic equivalence at the level of words. 16. Realia as a problem of translation. Main methods of reproducing the functions of source language realia in the target language. 17. Collocational ranges in English and Ukrainian and collocational clashes. Stylistically marked and ambiguous collocations as a problem of translation. Semantic compression of collocations. 18. Phraseological unit as a problem of translation: the structure and etymology of phraseological units. Main methods of reproducing phraseological units. 19. Grammatical equivalence as a problem of translation. Deep structure and its types. 20. Tense and aspect in English and Ukrainian. Ukrainian Present historical and English continuous aspect. Passive voice as a problem of translation. 21. The category of gender in English and Ukrainian. English symbolic gender and Ukrainian second person singular as problems of translation. 22. Definiteness and indefiniteness as a problem of translation. The category of number as a problem of translation. 23. Theory of deconstruction and its views on translation and through translation. 24. Translating the intent of the text. Interpretation and overinterpretation.
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Translation within the framework of communication theory. M. Hallidays theory of registers and thematic / rhematic division. Theory of schemata. Frames, scenes, scenarios. Theory of situational dimensions. Overt and covert translation. Translation as a cognitive information process. Relevance theory. Cultural implications in translation. Dynamics of developing translation principles

1. Translation as a dynamic process. 2. Early translation theories. 3. E. Pound as a translator and researcher. 4. E. Nida and his dynamic approach. 5. Theory of translation in Germany. 6. The Czech and Slovak group of translation scholars: I. Levy, A. Popovic and F. Miko. 7. The Russian formalists and their relevance to Translation Studies. 8. The concept of system and polysystem: the interconnection between Russian formalists and Israeli specialists in Translation Studies. 9. G. Toury, his norms and new model of translation. 10. The School of Manipulation. 11. Descriptivist theory. 12. Soviet school of Translation Studies: A. Fiodorov, V. Komissarov, L. Barkhudarov. 13. Ukrainian school of Translation Studies. History of artistic translation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Translated literature in Ukraine: general outline. The activity of Ukrainian translators in the 19th c. Ivan Franko as a translator and Translation Studies scholar. The Ukrainian translators of the 20th c. Hryhoriy Kochur as a translator and TR ST scholar. Mykola Lukash as a translator. William Shakespeare in Ukraine. Ukrainian Byroniana. Shakespeares sonnets in Ukrainian translations. The most important problems of Anglophone Shevchenkiana: translations. The most important problems of Anglophone Shevchenkiana: researches. The creativity of Vera Rich. Ukrainian folklore and literature in Anglophone translations. The translation of Greek and Roman authors into Ukrainian. Translations in contemporary Ukraine. Yossyp Y. Kobiv as a translator. Great Britains first Ukrainian Studies scholar.
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18. Vsesvit and its role in popularizing Anglophone literature. 19. The activity of Andriy Sodomora. 20. The activity of Volodymyr Masliuk. 21. Genres of artistic translation. 22. Panteleimon Kulish as a translator. 23. The activity of Iryna Steshenko. 24. Translations in Ancient Greece and Rome. 25. Modernism and translation. Ezra Pound, his followers and critics. 26. Classicism and its approach towards translation. 27. Romanticism and Post-Romanticism: approaches towards translation. 28. The activity of Mykola Zerov. 29. Bible translations and their contribution to the theory and practice of artistic translation.. 30.Ukrainian fairy tales in Anglophone translations. Contrastive Lexicography 1. Dictionary: the history of the term. Types of dictionaries. Encyclopaedic and linguistic dictionaries: diachronic and synchronic approach. 2. The development of English and Ukrainian lexicography. First Ukrainian and English dictionaries: divergent and convergent features. 3. S. Johnson and N. Bailey: different approaches to lexicography. 4. The structural arrangement of a dictionary and the selection of words; entry, headword, metalanguage, metavocabulary. 5. Noah Webster and his Dictionary. J. Worcesters Dictionary. Websters dictionaries. 6. Ideographic dictionaries. Rogers Thesaurus. 7. Learners dictionaries. Educational lexicography. 8. Oxford dictionaries. The New English Dictionary on Historical Principles: history, preparation and two editions.

 , , , , . , . . . . Contrastive Phraseology 1. 2. 3. 4.
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The contrastive phraseology as a linguistic discipline. The concise history of the discipline. The Ukrainian and English phraseography. The semantic structure of an idiom (a contrastive scheme). Phraseological congruents. Idioms and imagery. Idioms with ethnocomponents (a contrastive scheme). Connotations. Stylistics

1. The notion of style: its various definitions. Individual style and individual manner. The norm. Functioning stylistics and functional styles. 2. Literary and linguistic stylistics. 3. Figures of speech and stylistic devices. Stylistics of decoding. 4. Phonetic level of stylistics. Sound symbolism and sound impressionism. Types of onomatopoeia. Alliteration and its functions. Assonance, consonance and paronomasia. 5. Stylistic relevance of morphology. Types of transposition. Stylistic relevance of Genitive case, number and the category of comparison of adjectives. 6. Stylistic function of pronouns, verbs and adverbs. 7. Stylistic relevance of syntactic structures. Expressive syntax. Inversion, parallelism, repetition, litotes, rhetorical questions, ellipses. 8. Expressive function of negation. Expressiveness based on semantic discrepancy of syntactically homogeneous elements. 9. Lexical stylistic devices. Metaphor and metonymy. 10.Irony and humour. Puns. 11.Image and its semantic structure. Types of images. Symbol. 12.Text and context. Implicature and its types. Types of context. 13.Intertextuality and vertical context. Allusions and quotations.

Informatics and Applied Linguistics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Applied linguistics as a discipline(history outline; its object, method and tasks) Computational Linguistics as a branch of Applied Linguistics. Machine Translation(brief history; main objectives and strategies) Systems of machine translation(comparative analysis) Electronic dictionaries(comparative analysis) Contrastive Lexicology 1. Contrastive Lexicology in historical perspective. The development of Contrastive Lexicology in Ukraine. 2. Methods of linguistic research in Contrastive Lexicology 3. The stylistic classification of vocabulary. 4. The etymological structure of the English and Ukrainian vocabulary. 5. The semantic structure of the word (field approach). The actual sense of the word and its types. 6. Word-building: affixation and conversion, composition and shortening. 7. Semantic fields. Lexical and semantic groups. Thematic and ideographic groups. 8. Phraseological units and their semantic structure. Secondary and tertiary nomination. The levels of phraseological abstraction. Sociolinguistics 1. Types of societal multilingualism. Verbal repertoires. Domains. 2. The notion of the sociolinguistic variable. 3. Basic features of non-standard English. 4. Correlation between regional and social dialects. 5. Global spread of English. Types of variation and types of users. Range and depth. 6. Trade languages. Major differences between pidgins and creoles. 7. Major characteristics of diglossia. 8. Standard and vernacular languages. 9. National and official language. 10.Basic grammatical differences between British and American English. 11.Change in language. How changes spread. Contrastive Phonetics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Phonological system as a Contrastive Studies issue. English and Ukrainian phonological systems. System of vowels in English and Ukrainian. System of consonants in English and Ukrainian. The articulatory bases of English and Ukrainian.
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6. The principles of consonants classification in English and Ukrainian. 7. The principles of vowels classification in English and Ukrainian. 8. The diphthong and the diphthongoid in English and Ukrainian. History of the Language 1. 2. 3. 4. Chronological division of the history of English. Old English dialects. Lexical loans in OE period. Grammatical structure in ME period. Grammar 1. World building. 2. The system of tenses in the Active voice. 3. The system of tenses in the Passive voice. 4. The sequence of tenses. Reported speech. 5. The Gerund 6. The Infinitive. 7. The Participle. 8. Commands, requests, invitations, advice, suggestions. 9. Modal verbs for denoting obligation, necessity, duty and advice. 10.Modal verbs for denoting possibility, probability, certainty and prediction. 11.Modal verbs for denoting ability, permission, intention and frequency. 12.The Subjunctive mood. Likely conditionals in the past, present and future. 13.The Subjunctive mood. Unlikely conditionals in the past, present and future. 14.The Subjunctive mood. Past conditionals. 15.The Linking clauses. 16.The Relative clauses. 17.Nouns. 18.Nouns and articles. The use of articles with countable and uncountable nouns. 19.Nouns and noun phrases. Possessive and compound nouns. 20.Adverbs. 21.Adjectives. 22.Comparison. Gradable and ungradable adjectives. 23.Pronouns. 24.Prepositions. 25.Conjunctions. 26.Types of inversion. Emphatic word order.

Area Studies THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND 1. The evolution of English (Old English, Middle English, Modern English): general trends and show the evolution through the contribution of great letter. 2. The evolution of English (Old English, Middle English, Modern English): general trends and show the evolution through the contribution of great letter. 3. Religion trends. 4. Holidays and Traditions and Symbols of England. 5. The People and Culture of Scotland. Clans and Tartans. 6. The Peculiarities of the Scottish Gaelic Language. 7. Holidays and Traditions. Symbols. 8. Cumraeg the Language of Wales: History and Status. 9. Holidays, Festivals Traditions and Symbols of Wales. 10. IRA facts and fictions. 11. Irish Gaelic. Phonological and Phonetic Features of Irish-English. 12.Holidays Traditions and Symbols of Ireland. 13. Great Britain Ukraine: Political and cultural crossroads. THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 14.The Constitution and the Bill of Rights. 15.Media in the US. Newspapers. Magazines. Major differences between the newspaper and the magazine. 'Penny' press. 'Yellow' press. The Role of Radio and Television. 16.The American Enlightment (Benjamin Franklin). 17.The literature of the Native Americans. 18.The literature of exploration. 19.The status of the English language in the USA. 20.Abraham Lincolns Gettysburg Address: historical significance. 4 2010 ( 7) . . . Provide men of Provide men of

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