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STOCK EXCHANGE
1) RAHUL NAROLA 74
2012
SUBMITTED TO:-AKSHAY SIR BHAGVAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
INDEX
Meaning.4 History.4 Role of Stock Exchange7 Major Stock Exchange.12 Major stock Exchange: Year ended 31 December 2010.16 The Main Stock Exchange.18 Listing Requirement .21 NSE22 Meaning24 Origin..25 Innovation..25 Market..26 Hours..27 Milestone27 Exchange traded fund on NSE.30 Company listed in NSE..30 Indices41 CNX Nifty Junior..42 Market Capitalization..43
BSE.45 Meaning.47 History.48 Timeline49 Indices..52 Stock Market.54 Real S&P Index55 Company Listed In BSE.56
Tradable bonds as a commonly used type of security were a more recent innovation, spearheaded by the Italian city-states of the late medieval and early Renaissance periods. In 1171, the authorities of the Republic of Venice, concerned about their war-depleted treasury, drew a forced loan from the citizenry. Such debt, known as prestiti, paid 5 percent interest per year and had an indefinite maturity date. Initially regarded with suspicion, it came to be seen as a valuable investment that could be bought and sold. The bond market had begun. From 1262 to 1379, Venice never missed an interest payment, solidifying the credibility of the new instruments. Other Italian city-states such as Florence and Genoa became bond issuers as well, often as a means of paying for warfare. Bonds were traded widely in Italy and beyond, a business facilitated by bankers such as the Medicis. War between Venice and Genoa resulted in suspension of prestiti interest payments in the early 1380s, and when the market was restored, it was at a lower interest rate. Venice's bonds traded at steep discounts for decades thereafter. Other blows to financial stability resulted from the Hundred Years War, which caused monarchs of France and England to default on debts to Italian banks, and the Black Death, which ravaged much of Europe. Still, the idea of debt as a tradable investment endured. As with bonds, the concept of stock developed gradually. Some scholars place its origins as far back as ancient Rome. Partnership agreements dividing ownership into shares date back at least to the 13th century, again with Italian city-states in the vanguard. Such arrangements, however, typically extended only to a handful of people and were of limited duration, as with shipping partnerships that applied only to a single sea voyage.
The forefront of commercial innovation eventually shifted from Italy to northern Europe. TheHanseatic League, an alliance of mercantile cities such as Bruges and Antwerp, operated counting houses to expedite trade. By the late 1500s, British merchants were experimenting with joint-stock companies intended to operate on an ongoing basis; one such was the Muscovy Company, which sought to wrest trade with Russia away from Hanseatic dominance. The next big step was in Amsterdam. In 1602, the Dutch East India Company was formed as a joint-stock company with shares that were readily tradable. The stock market had begun.
1. Raising capital for businesses 2. Mobilizing savings for investment 3. Facilitating company growth 4. Profit sharing 5. Corporate governance 6. Creating investment opportunities for small investors 7. Government capital-raising for development projects 8. Barometer of the economy
A.1) Going public Capital intensive companies, particularly high tech companies, always need to raise high volumes of capital in their early stages. By this reason, the public market provided by the stock exchanges, has been one of the most important funding sources for many capital intensive startups. After the 1990s and early-2000s hi-tech listed companies' boom and burst in the world's major stock exchanges, it has been much more demanding for the high-tech entrepreneur to take his/her company public, unless either the company already has products in the market and is generating sales and earnings, or the company has completed advanced promising clinical trials, earned potentially profitable patents or conducted market research which demonstrated very positive outcomes. This is quite different from the situation of the 1990s to early-2000s period, when a number of companies (particularly Internet boom and biotechnology companies) went public in the most prominent stock exchanges around the world, in the total absence of sales, earnings and any well-documented promising outcome. Anyway, every year a number of companies, including unknown highly speculative and financially unpredictable hi-tech startups, are listed for the first time in all the major stock exchanges - there are even specialized entry markets for this kind of companies or stock indexestracking their performance (examples include the Alternext, CAC Small, SDAX, TecDAX, or most of the third market companies).
number
of
companies
have
also
raised
significant
amounts
of
capital
through R&D limited partnerships. Tax law changes that were enacted in 1987 in the United States changed the tax deductibility of investments in R&D limited partnerships. In order for a partnership to be of interest to investors today, the cash-on-cash return must be high enough to entice investors. As a result, R&D limited partnerships are not a viable means of raising money for most companies, specially hi-tech startups.
A.3) Venture capital A third usual source of capital for startup companies has been venture capital. This source remains largely available today, but the maximum statistical amount that the venture company firms in aggregate will invest in any one company is not limitless (it was approximately $15 million in 2001 for a biotechnology company).[5] At those level, venture capital firms typically become tapped-out because the financial risk to any one partnership becomes too great.
A.4) Corporate partners A fourth alternative source of cash for a private company is a corporate partner, usually an established multinational company, which provides capital for the smaller company in return for marketing rights, patent rights, or equity. Corporate partnerships have been used successfully in a large number of cases.
higher productivity levels of firms. Sometimes it is very difficult for the stock investor to determine whether or not the allocation of those funds is in good faith and will be able to generate long-term company growth, without examination of a company's internal auditing.
Companieslike Pets.com (2000), EnronCorporation (2001), One.Tel (2001), Sunbeam(2001), We bvan (2001), Adelphia (2002), MCIWorldCom (2002), Parmalat (2003), American International Group (2008), Bear Stearns(2008), Lehman Brothers (2008), General Motors (2009) and Satyam Computer Services (2009) were among the most widely scrutinized by the media.
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However, when poor financial, ethical or managerial records are known by the stock investors, the stock and the company tend to lose value. In the stock exchanges, shareholders of underperforming firms are often penalized by significant share price decline, and they tend as well to dismiss incompetent management teams.
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12
13
14
15
United States 1 Europe NYSE Euronext New York City 15,970 19,813
United States 2 Europe NASDAQ OMX New York City 4,931 13,439
Japan
Tokyo
3,827
3,787
United Kingdom
London
3,613
2,741
China
Shanghai
2,717
4,496
Hong Kong
Hong Kong
2,711
1,496
Canada
Toronto
2,170
1,368
India
Mumbai
1,631
258
10
Mumbai
1,596
801
16
11
Brazil
BM&F Bovespa
So Paulo
1,545
868
12
Australia
Sydney
1,454
1,062
13
Germany
Deutsche Brse
Frankfurt
1,429
1,628
14
China
Shenzen
1,311
3,572
15
Switzerland
Zurich
1,229
788
16
Spain
Madrid
1,171
1,360
17
South Korea
Korea Exchange
Seoul
1,091
1,607
18
Russia
MICEX
Moscow
949
408
19
South Africa
JSE Limited
Johannesburg
925
340
17
American Stock Exchange Australian Securities Exchange Athens Stock Exchange Belgrade Stock Exchange Berliner Brse Bermuda Stock Exchange Bolsa Mexicana de Valores Bolsa de Valores de Colombia Bolsa de Valores de Lima Bombay Stock Exchange Bucharest Stock Exchange Budapest Stock Exchange Bulgarian Stock Exchange - Sofia Canadian National Stock Exchange - CNSX Cairo & Alexandria Stock Exchange Casablanca Stock Exchange Channel Islands Stock Exchange Chicago Stock Exchange Euronext Amsterdam Euronext Brussels Euronext Lisbon Euronext Paris Frankfurt Stock Exchange Ghana Stock Exchange Helsinki Stock Exchange Hong Kong Stock Exchange Indonesia Stock Exchange
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Irish Stock Exchange Istanbul Stock Exchange Karachi Stock Exchange Korea Stock Exchange Kuwait Stock Exchange Ljubljana Stock Exchange London Stock Exchange Luxembourg Stock Exchange Madrid Stock Exchange Malaysia Stock Exchange Milan Stock Exchange Montreal Stock Exchange Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange Nagoya Stock Exchange National Stock Exchange of India New York Stock Exchange New Zealand Exchange Nigerian Stock Exchange Osaka Securities Exchange Philippine Stock Exchange Prague Stock Exchange Russian Trading System Santiago Stock Exchange So Paulo Stock Exchange (BOVESPA) Shanghai Stock Exchange Shenzhen Stock Exchange Singapore Exchange Stockholm Stock Exchange Stock Exchange of Thailand
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Taiwan Stock Exchange Tehran Stock Exchange Tel Aviv Stock Exchange Tokyo Stock Exchange Toronto Stock Exchange Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange Warsaw Stock Exchange Zurich Stock Exchange
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LISTING REQUIREMENT
Listing requirements are the set of conditions imposed by a given stock exchange upon companies that want to be listed on that exchange. Such conditions sometimes include minimum number of shares outstanding, minimum market capitalization, and minimum annual income.
New York Stock Exchange: To be listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) a company must have issued at least a million shares of stock worth $100 million and must have earned more than $10 million over the last three years.
NASDAQ Stock Exchange: To be listed on the NASDAQ a company must have issued at least 1.25 million shares of stock worth at least $70 million and must have earned more than $11 million over the last three years.
London Stock Exchange: The main market of the London Stock Exchange has requirements for a minimum market capitalization (700,000), three years of audited financial statements, minimum public float (25 per cent) and sufficient working capital for at least 12 months from the date of listing.
Bombay Stock Exchange: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) has requirements for a minimum market capitalization of 25 crore and minimum public float equivalent to 10 crore.
21
22
Founded Owner
Ravi Narain (MD) Indian rupee ( ) 1,552 US$1.59 trillion (Dec 2010) S&P CNX Nifty CNX Nifty Junior S&P CNX 500
Website
www.nseindia.com
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MEANING/INTRODUCTION
The National Stock Exchange (NSE) (Hindi: Rashtriya hare Bzar) is a stock exchange located at Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It is the 9th largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization and largest in India by daily turnover and number of trades, for both equities and derivative trading.[2] NSE has a market capitalization of around US$1.59 trillion and over 1,552 listings as of December 2010.[3]Though a number of other exchanges exist, NSE and the Bombay Stock Exchange are the two most significant stock exchanges in India, and between them are responsible for the vast majority of share transactions. The NSE's key index is the S&P CNX Nifty, known as the NSE NIFTY (National Stock Exchange Fifty), an index of fifty major stocks weighted by market capitalisation.
NSE is mutually-owned by a set of leading financial institutions, banks, insurance companies and other financial intermediaries in India but its ownership and management operate as separate entities. There are at least 2 foreign investors NYSE Euronext and Goldman Sachs who have taken a stake in the NSE. As of 2006, the NSE VSATterminals, 2799 in total, cover more than 1500 cities across India. NSE is the third largest Stock Exchange in the world in terms of the number of trades in equities. It is the second fastest growing stock exchange in the world with a recorded growth of 16.6%.
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ORIGIN
The National Stock Exchange of India was promoted by leading Financial institutions at the behest of the Government of India, and was incorporated in November 1992 as a tax-paying company. In April 1993, it was recognized as a stock exchange under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956. NSE commenced operations in the Wholesale Debt Market (WDM) segment in June 1994. The Capital market (Equities) segment of the NSE commenced operations in November 1994, while operations in the Derivatives segment commenced in June 2000.
INNOVATION
Being the first national, anonymous, electronic limit order book (LOB) exchange to trade securities in India. Since the success of the NSE, existent market and new market structures have followed the "NSE" model.
Setting up the first clearing corporation "National Securities Clearing Corporation Ltd." in India. NSCCL was a landmark in providing innovation on all spot equity market (and later, derivatives market) trades in India.
Co-promoting and setting up of National Securities Depository Limited, first depository in India
Setting up of S&P CNX Nifty. NSE pioneered commencement of Internet Trading in February 2000, which led to the wide popularization of the NSE in the broker community.
Being the first exchange that, in 1996, proposed exchange traded derivatives, particularly on an equity index, in India. After four years of policy and regulatory debate and formulation, the NSE was permitted to start trading equity derivatives
Being the first and the only exchange to trade GOLD ETFs (exchange traded funds) in India. NSE has also launched the NSE-CNBC-TV18 media centre in association with CNBCTV18.
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NSE.IT Limited, setup in 1999 , is a 100% subsidiary of the National Stock Exchange of India. A Vertical Specialist Enterprise, NSE.IT offers end-to-end Information Technology (IT) products, solutions and services.
NSE (National Stock Exchange) was the first exchange in the world to use satellite communication technology for trading, using a client server based system called National Exchange for Automated Trading (NEAT). For all trades entered into NEAT system, there is uniform response time of less than one second.
MARKET
Currently, NSE has the following major segments of the capital market:
Equity Futures and options Retail debt market Wholesale debt market Currency futures Mutual fund Stocks lending and borrowing
In August 2008 currency derivatives were introduced in India with the launch of Currency Futures in USD INR by NSE. Currently it has also launched currency futures in euros, pounds and yen. Interest Rate Futures were introduced for the first time in India by NSE on 31 August 2009, exactly one year after the launch of Currency Futures. NSE became the first stock exchange to get approval for interest rate futures, As recommended by SEBI-RBI committee, on 31 August 2009, a futures contract based on 7% 10 Year Government of India (Notional) was launched with quarterly maturities.
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HOURES
NSE's normal trading sessions are conducted from 9:15 am India Time to 3:30 pm India Time on all days of the week except Saturdays, Sundays and Official Holidays declared by the Exchange (or by the Government of India) in advance. This timings is not valid for currency segment of National Stock Exchange. The exchange, in association with BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd.), is thinking of revising its timings from 9.00 am India Time to 5.00 pm India Time.
There were System Testing going on and opinions, suggestions or feedback on the New Proposed Timings are being invited from the brokers across India. And finally on 18 November 2009 regulator decided to drop their ambitious goal of longest Asia Trading Hours due to strong opposition from its members. On 16 December 2009, NSE announced that it would advance the market opening to 9:00 am from 18 December 2009. So NSE trading hours will be from 9.00 am till 3:30 pm India Time. However, on 17 December 2009, after strong protests from brokers, the Exchange decided to postpone the change in trading hours till 4 Jan 2010. NSE new market timing from 4 Jan 2010 is 9:00 am till 3:30 pm India Time.
MILESTONE
November 1992 Incorporation April 1993 Recognition as a stock exchange May 1993 Formulation of business plan June 1994 Wholesale Debt Market segment goes live November 1994 Capital Market (Equities) segment goes live March 1995 Establishment of Investor Grievance Cell
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April 1995 Establishment of NSCCL, the first Clearing Corporation June 1995 Introduction of centralised insurance cover for all trading members July 1995 Establishment of Investor Protection Fund October 1995 Became largest stock exchange in the country April 1996 Commencement of clearing and settlement by NSCCL April 1996 Launch of S&P CNX Nifty June 1996 Establishment of Settlement Guarantee Fund November 1996 Setting up of National Securities Depository Limited, first depository in India, co-promoted by NSE November 1996 Best IT Usage award by Computer Society of India December 1996 Commencement of trading/settlement in dematerialised securities December 1996 Dataquest award for Top IT User December 1996 Launch of CNX Nifty Junior February 1997 Regional clearing facility goes live November 1997 Best IT Usage award by Computer Society of India May 1998 Promotion of joint venture, India Index Services & Products Limited (IISL) May 1998 Launch of NSE's Web-site: www.nse.co.in July 1998 Launch of NSE's Certification Programme in Financial Market August 1998 CYBER CORPORATE OF THE YEAR 1998 award February 1999 Launch of Automated Lending and Borrowing Mechanism April 1999 CHIP Web Award by CHIP magazine October 1999 Setting up of NSE.IT January 2000 Launch of NSE Research Initiative February 2000 Commencement of Internet Trading June 2000 Commencement of Derivatives Trading (Index Futures) September 2000 Launch of 'Zero Coupon Yield Curve' November 2000 Launch of Broker Plaza by Dotex International, a joint venture between NSE.IT Ltd. and i-flex Solutions Ltd. December 2000 Commencement of WAP trading June 2001 Commencement of trading in Index Options
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July 2001 Commencement of trading in Options on Individual Securities November 2001 Commencement of trading in Futures on Individual Securities December 2001 Launch of NSE VaR for Government Securities January 2002 Launch of Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) May 2002 NSE wins the Wharton-Infosys Business Transformation Award in the Organization-wide Transformation category October 2002 Launch of NSE Government Securities Index January 2003 Commencement of trading in Retail Debt Market June 2003 Launch of Interest Rate Futures August 2003 Launch of Futures & options in CNXIT Index June 2004 Launch of STP Interoperability August 2004 Launch of NSEs electronic interface for listed companies March 2005 India Innovation Award by EMPI Business School, New Delhi June 2005 Launch of Futures & options in BANK Nifty Index December 2006 'Derivative Exchange of the Year', by Asia Risk magazine January 2007 Launch of NSE CNBC TV 18 media centre March 2007 NSE, CRISIL announce launch of IndiaBondWatch.com June 2007 NSE launches derivatives on Nifty Junior & CNX 100 October 2007 NSE launches derivatives on Nifty Midcap 50 January 2008 Introduction of Mini Nifty derivative contracts on 1 January 2008 March 2008 Introduction of long term option contracts on S&P CNX Nifty Index April 2008 Launch of India VIX April 2008 Launch of Securities Lending & Borrowing Scheme August 2008 Launch of Currency Derivatives August 2009 Launch of Interest Rate Futures November 2009 Launch of Mutual Fund Service System December 2009 Commencement of settlement of corporate bonds February 2010 Launch of Currency Futures on additional currency pairs October 2010 Launch of 15-minute special pre-open trading session, a mechanism under which investors can bid for stocks before the market opens.
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NIFTYBEES - ETF based on NIFTY index GoldBees - ETF based on Gold prices. Tracks the price of Gold. Each unit is equivalent to 1 gm of gold and bears the price of 1gm of gold.
ABG Shipyard ACC Limited Adani Group Adani Power Ador Welding Aftek Ajanta Pharma Allahabad Bank Ambuja Cements Aptech Archies Ltd Arvind Mills Ashok Leyland Asian Paints Aurobindo Pharma Aventis Pharma Axis Bank
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Bajaj Auto Bharat Earth Movers Berger Paints India BGR Energy Systems Ltd Bharat Bijlee Bharat Electronics Limited Bharat Forge Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Bharat Petroleum Bharati Shipyard Bharti Airtel BHEL Jhansi Biocon Blue Star Infotech Bokaro Steel Plant Bombay Dyeing Britannia Industries Broadcast Initiatives Ltd
Canara Bank Castrol India Century Textile and Industries CineMAX Cinevistaas Limited Cipla Clariant Chemicals Coal India Limited List of companies by revenue
31
Computaris Core Education & Technologies Ltd Corporation Bank Creative Eye Limited CRISIL Crompton Greaves
Datamatics Global Services DB Realty Dena Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Dishman Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals DLF Limited Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
Eclerx Elder Pharmaceuticals Elecon Engineering Essar Group Essar Oil Essar Shipping Everonn Education Limited
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F
Fame Cinemas Federal Bank Ferro Alloys Corporation Financial Technologies Group Finolex Cables Firstsource
GAIL Geometric Limited Gitanjali Group GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Global Vectra Helicorp Limited Godrej Consumer Products Limited Godrej Industries Ltd Godrej Properties Limited Granules India Limited Grasim Industries Great Eastern Shipping Gujarat Gas Company Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation Limited
33
Hexaware Technologies Hindalco Industries Hindustan Construction Company Hindustan Copper Limited Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd Hindustan Petroleum Housing Development Finance Corporation HOV Services HT Media
ICICI Bank ICRA Limited Idea Cellular Indiabulls Indian Bank Indian Oil Corporation Indraprastha Gas Infinite Computer Solutions Infosys Infotech Enterprises Ipca Laboratories IRB Infrastructure Ispat Industries Ltd
Jain Irrigation Systems Jamna Auto Industries Jet Airways JSW Steel Ltd
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Jindal Steel and Power JSW Energy Jubilant FoodWorks Jyothy Laboratories
Kansai Nerolac Paints Kemrock Kotak Mahindra Bank KPIT Cummins KSK Energy Ventures Limited
Lakshmi Precision Screws Limited Larsen & Toubro Liberty Shoes LIC Housing Finance Lupin Ltd.
M
Magma Fincorp Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services Limited Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited Maruti Suzuki Max Healthcare Mercator Lines MMTC Ltd MOIL Limited Motherson Sumi Systems
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National Aluminium Company National Fertilizers National Mineral Development Corporation National Peroxide National Stock Exchange of India NDTV Nectar Lifesciences Network 18 Neyveli Lignite Corporation NHPC Limited NIIT Nilkamal Plastics NTPC Limited
Oando Oberoi Realty Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Oil India OnMobile Onward Technologies Opto Circuits Oriental Bank of Commerce
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Persistent Systems Pidilite Industries Pipavav Shipyard Piramal Healthcare Power Finance Corporation PowerGrid Corporation of India Prestige Group Punjab National Bank PVR Cinemas
R Systems International Ramco Systems Ranbaxy Laboratories Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Raymond Ltd Redington (India) Limited REI Agro Limited Reliance Capital Reliance Communications Reliance Industries Reliance Infrastructure Reliance MediaWorks Ltd Repro India Rolta India Ltd Royal Orchid Hotels Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
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S. Kumars Salora International Sesa Goa Shalimar Paints Shipping Corporation of India Shirpur Gold Refinery Shree Renuka Sugars Snowcem Paints SPIC SRF Limited Standard Chartered State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur State Bank of India
T
Talwalkars Tamilnadu Petro products Limited Tata Communications Tata Consultancy Services Tata Global Beverages Tata Motors Tech Mahindra Thermax Tips Industries Titan Industries Torrent Power TVS Motor
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Tata Global Beverages Tata Motors Tech Mahindra Thermax Tips Industries Titan Industries Torrent Power TVS Motor
U
United Bank of India Uttam Galva Steels UTV Software Communications
V
V-Guard Industries Ltd Vadilal VIP Industries Vivimed Labs Limited VST Industries
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W
Walchandnagar Industries Welspun Corp Ltd Welspun India Ltd Welspun Investments and Commercials Ltd Wipro Wire & Wireless India
Z
Zandu Realty Zee Entertainment Enterprises Zylog Systems limited
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INDICES
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NSE also set up as index services firm known as India Index Services & Products Limited (IISL) and has launched several stock indices, including
S&P CNX Nifty(Standard & Poor's CRISIL NSE Index) CNX Nifty Junior CNX 100 (= S&P CNX Nifty + CNX Nifty Junior) S&P CNX 500 (= CNX 100 + 400 major players across 72 industries) CNX Midcap (introduced on 18 July 2005 replacing CNX Midcap 200)
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MARKET CAPITALIZATION
This is a chart of companies listed in the CNX Nifty Junior index by market capitalisation as of 29 April 2006 with figures in millions of Indian Rupees.
Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Company Total Sterlite Industries Siemens Reliance Capital Container Corporation Jaiprakash Associates Bharat Electronics Canara Bank Bharat Forge Axis Bank Kotak Mahindra Bank I-Flex Solutions Bank of Baroda Ashok Leyland Asian Paints Industrial Development Bank of India Bank of India Union Bank of India Great Eastern Shipping Indian Overseas Bank Patni Computer Systems Nicholas Piramal Biocon Cadila Healthcare Wockhardt Corporation Bank Lupin Cummins Aventis Pharma Syndicate Bank Andhra Bank Nirma Aurobinda Pharma TVS Motor Company Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Raymond
Market Capitalisation 2,941,930 318,910 192,130 116,020 115,200 109,060 106,810 104,220 97,960 96,940 96,160 92,940 85,000 63,970 61,990 61,370 60,460 59,100 55,070 54,260 53,370 49,700 49,330 48,880 48,810 48,550 47,310 45,650 45,530 42,380 38,820 39,580 38,560 38,190 36,420 36,320
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36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Mphasis BFL Pfizer Moser Baer Kochi Refineries Vijaya Bank LIC Housing Finance Punjab Tractors Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals ING Vysya Bank IBP Ingersoll Rand Apollo Tyres Polaris Software Lab IFCI
35,980 32,210 30,920 25,570 23,960 23,110 18,290 16,580 13,240 12,930 12,040 11,850 11,810 10,810 7,660
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Type Location Coordinates Founded Owner Key people Currency No. of listings Market Cap Volume Indexes
Stock Exchange Mumbai, India 18.929681N 72.833589E 1875 Bombay Stock Exchange Limited Madhu Kannan (CEO & MD) Indian rupee ( ) 5,085 US$1.8 trillion (Dec 2010) US$231 billion (Nov 2010) BSE SENSEX BSE Small Cap BSE Mid-Cap BSE 500
Website
www.bseindia.com
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MEANING/INTRODUCTION
BSE is a stock exchange located on Dalal Street, Mumbai and is the oldest stock exchange in Asia. The equity market capitalization of the companies listed on the BSE was US$1.63 trillion as of December 2010, making it the 4th largest stock exchange in Asia and the 8th largest in the world. The BSE has the largest number of listed companies in the world.As of June 2011, there are over 5,085 listed Indian companies and over 8,196 scripts on the stock exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange has a significant trading volume. The BSE SENSEX, also called "BSE 30", is a widely used market index in India and Asia. Though many other exchanges exist, BSE and the National Stock Exchange of India account for the majority of the equity trading in India. While both have similar total market capitalization (about USD 1.6 trillion), share volume in NSE is typically two times that of BSE.
HOURS OF OPRATION
Session Timing
9:00 - 9:15
Trading Session
9:15 - 15:30
15:30 - 15:50
Closing Session
15:50 - 16:05
16:05 -
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HISTORY
The Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers house the Bombay Stock Exchange since 1980. The Bombay Stock Exchange is the oldest exchange in Asia. It traces its history to the 1850s, when four Gujarati and one Parsi stockbroker would gather under banyan trees in front of Mumbai's Town Hall. The location of these meetings changed many times, as the number of brokers constantly increased. The group eventually moved to Dalal Street in 1874 and in 1875 became an official organization known as 'The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association'. In 1956, the BSE became the first stock exchange to be recognized by the Indian Government under the Securities Contracts Regulation Act. The Bombay Stock Exchange developed the BSE SENSEX in 1986, giving the BSE a means to measure overall performance of the exchange. In 2000 the BSE used this index to open its derivatives market, trading SENSEX futures contracts. The development of SENSEX options along with equity derivatives followed in 2001 and 2002, expanding the BSE's trading platform. Historically an open outcry floor trading exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange switched to an electronic trading system in 1995. It took the exchange only fifty days to make this transition. This automated, screen-based trading platform called BSE On-line trading (BOLT) currently has a capacity of 8 million orders per day. The BSE has also introduced the world's first centralized exchange-based internet trading system, BSEWEBx.co.in to enable investors anywhere in the world to trade on the BSE platform. The BSE is currently housed in Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers at Dalal Street, Fort area.
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TIMELINE
Following is the timeline on the rise of the SENSEX through Indian stock market history. 1830's Business on corporate stocks and shares in Bank and Cotton presses started in Mumbai. 860-1865 Cotton price bubble as a result of the American Civil War. 1870 - 90's Sharp increase in share prices of jute industries followed by a boom in tea stocks and coal 1978-79 Base year of SENSEX, defined to be 100. 1986 SENSEX first compiled using a market Capitalization-Weighted methodology for 30 component stocks representing well-established companies across key sectors. 30 October 2006 The SENSEX on October 30, 2006 crossed the magical figure of 13,000 and closed at 13,024.26 points, up 117.45 points or 0.9%. It took 135 days for the SENSEX to move from 12,000 to 13,000 and 123 days to move from 12,500 to 13,000. 5 December 2006 The SENSEX on December 5, 2006 crossed the 14,000-mark to touch 14,028 points. It took 36 days for the SENSEX to move from 13,000 to the 14,000 mark. 6 July 2007 The SENSEX on July 6, 2007 crossed the magical figure of 15,000 to touch 15,005 points in afternoon trade. It took seven months for the SENSEX to move from 14,000 to 15,000 points. 19 September 2007 The SENSEX scaled yet another milestone during early morning trade on September 19, 2007. Within minutes after trading began, the SENSEX crossed 16,000, rising by 450 points from the previous close. The 30-share Bombay Stock Exchange's sensitive index took 53 days to reach 16,000 from 15,000. Nifty also touched a new high at 4659, up 113 points. The SENSEX finally ended with a gain of 654 points at 16,323. The NSE Nifty gained 186 points to close at 4,732. 26 September 2007 The SENSEX scaled yet another height during early morning trade on September 26, 2007. Within minutes after trading began, the SENSEX crossed the 17,000-
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mark. Some profit taking towards the end saw the index slip into red to 16,887 - down 187 points from the day's high. The SENSEX ended with a gain of 22 points at 16,921. 9 October 2007 The BSE SENSEX crossed the 18,000-mark on October 9, 2007. It took just 8 days to cross 18,000 points from the 17,000 mark. The index zoomed to a new all-time intra-day high of 18,327. It finally gained 789 points to close at an all-time high of 18,280. The market set several new records including the biggest single day gain of 789 points at close, as well as the largest intra-day gains of 993 points in absolute term backed by frenzied buying after the news of the UPA and Left meeting on October 22 put an end to the worries of an impending election. 15 October 2007 The SENSEX crossed the 19,000-mark backed by revival of fundsbased buying in blue chip stocks in metal, capital goods and refinery sectors. The index gained the last 1,000 points in just four trading days. The index touched a fresh all-time intra-day high of 19,096, and finally ended with a smart gain of 640 points at 19,059.The Nifty gained 242 points to close at 5,670. 29 October 2007 The SENSEX crossed the 20,000 mark on the back of aggressive buying by funds ahead of the US Federal Reserve meeting. The index took only 10 trading days to gain 1,000 points after the index crossed the 19,000-mark on October 15. The major drivers of today's rally were index heavyweights Larsen and Toubro, Reliance Industries, ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank and SBI among others. The 30-share index spurted in the last five minutes of trade to fly-past the crucial level and scaled a new intra-day peak at 20,024.87 points before ending at its fresh closing high of 19,977.67, a gain of 734.50 points. The NSE Nifty rose to a record high 5,922.50 points before ending at 5,905.90, showing a hefty gain of 203.60 points. 8 January 2008 The SENSEX peaks. It crossed the 21,000 mark in intra-day trading after 49 trading sessions. This was backed by high market confidence of increased FII investment and strong corporate results for the third quarter. However, it later fell back due to profit booking. 13 June 2008 The SENSEX closed below 15,200 mark, Indian market suffer with major downfall from January 21, 2008
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25 June 2008 The SENSEX touched an intra day low of 13,731 during the early trades, then pulled back and ended up at 14,220 amidst a negative sentiment generated on the Reserve Bank of India hiking CRR by 50 bps. FII outflow continued in this week. 2 July 2008 The SENSEX hit an intra day low of 12,822.70 on July 2, 2008. This is the lowest that it has ever been in the past year. Six months ago, on January 10, 2008, the market had hit an all time high of 21206.70. This is a bad time for the Indian markets, although Reliance and Infosys continue to lead the way with mostly positive results. 6 October 2008 The SENSEX closed at 11801.70 hitting the lowest in the past 2 years. 10 October 2008 The SENSEX today closed at 10527, 800.51 points down from the previous day having seen an intraday fall of as large as 1063 points. Thus, this week turned out to be the week with largest percentage fall in the SENSEX 18 May 2009 After the result of 15th Indian general election SENSEX gained 2100.79 points from the previous close of 12173.42, a record one-day gain. In the opening trade itself the SENSEX evinced a 15% gain over the previous close which led to a two-hour suspension in trading. After trading resumed, the SENSEX surged again, leading to a full day suspension of trading. 19 October 2010 BSE introduced the 15-minute special pre-open trading session, a mechanism under which investors can bid for stocks before the market opens. The mechanism, known as 'pre-open session call auction', lasted for 15 minutes (from 9:00-9:15 am). 5 November 2010 BSE SENSEX crossed the 21000 mark (exactly 21004.96).
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INDICES
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The launch of SENSEX in 1986 was later followed up in January 1989 by introduction of BSE National Index (Base: 1983-84 = 100). It comprised 100 stocks listed at five major stock exchanges in India - Mumbai, Calcutta, Delhi, Ahmadabad and Madras. The BSE National Index was renamed BSE-100 Index from October 14, 1996 and since then, it is being calculated taking into consideration only the prices of stocks listed at BSE. BSE launched the dollar-linked version of BSE-100 index on May 22, 2006. BSE launched two new index series on 27 May 1994: The 'BSE-200' and the 'DOLLEX-200'. BSE-500 Index and 5 sectoral indices were launched in 1999. In 2001, BSE launched BSE-PSU Index, DOLLEX-30 and the country's first free-float based index - the BSE TECk Index. Over the years, BSE shifted all its indices to the free-float methodology (except BSE-PSU index). BSE disseminates information on the Price-Earnings Ratio, the Price to Book Value Ratio and the Dividend Yield Percentage on day-to-day basis of all its major indices. The values of all BSE indices are updated on real time basis during market hours and displayed through the BOLT system, BSE website and news wire agencies. All BSE Indices are reviewed periodically by the BSE Index Committee. This Committee which comprises eminent independent finance professionals frames the broad policy guidelines for the development and maintenance of all BSE indices. The BSE Index Cell carries out the day-to-day maintenance of all indices and conducts research on development of new indices. SENSEX is significantly correlated with the stock indices of other emerging markets
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STOCK MARKET
Types of stocks Share capital Participants Exchanges Stock valuation Financial ratios Common stock Concentrated stock Golden share Growth stock Preferred stock Restricted stock Tracking stock Shares authorized Issued shares Shares outstanding Treasury shares Broker-dealer Floor broker Floor trader Investor Market maker Proprietary trader Quantitative analyst Stock trader Electronic communication network Market opening times Over-the-counter Stock exchange (list) Multilateral trading facility Alpha Arbitrage pricing theory Beta Book value CAPM Dividend yield Earnings per share Earnings yield Gordon model SCL SML T-Model Cap rate D/E ratio Dividend cover Dividend payout ratio EV/EBITDA EV/GCI EV/Sales CROCI P/B ratio P/CF ratio P/E PEG P/S ratio RAROC ROA ROCE ROE ROTE ROIC SIR SGR Sharpe ratio Treynor ratio Algorithmic trading Buy and hold Contrarian investing Day trading Efficient-market hypothesis Fundamental analysis Market timing Modern portfolio theory Momentum investing Mosaic theory Pairs trade Postmodern portfolio theory Random walk hypothesis Style investing Swing trading Technical analysis Trend following Block trade Cross listing Dark liquidity Dividend Dual-listed company DuPont Model Flight-to-quality Haircut IPO Margin Market anomaly Market capitalization Market depth Market manipulation Market trend Mean reversion Momentum Open outcry Public float Rally Reverse stock split Short selling Slippage Speculation Stock dilution Stock split Trade Uptick rule Volatility Voting interest Stock market index
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Asian Paints Atul Limited Aurobindo Pharma Aventis Pharma Axis Bank
B
Bajaj Auto Bajaj Corp Ltd Bajaj Electricals Bajaj Hindusthan Limited Bank of Baroda Bank of India Bank of Rajasthan Batliboi Bharat Earth Movers Berger Paints India BGR Energy Systems Ltd Bharat Bijlee Bharat Electronics Limited Bharat Forge Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Bharat Petroleum Bharati Shipyard
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Bharti Airtel BHEL Jhansi Big Bazaar Binani Cement Binani Industries Ltd Biocon Birla Corporation Blue Star Infotech Bombay Dyeing Borosil BPL Group Britannia Industries Broadcast Initiatives Ltd
C
Cadila Healthcare Cairn Energy Camlin (pen manufacturer) Canara Bank Castrol India CEAT Limited Century Textile and Industries Chambal Fertilisers Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited
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CineMAX Cinevistaas Limited Cipla City Union Bank Clariant Chemicals CMC Limited Coal India Limited Cochin Minerals and Rutile Limited List of companies by revenue Comp-u-Learn Tech India Ltd Core Education & Technologies Ltd Coromandel International Corporation Bank Creative Eye Limited Crest Animation Studios CRISIL Crompton Greaves
D
Dabur Datamatics Global Services DB Realty Delhi Cloth Mills Dempo
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DEN Networks Dena Bank Development Credit Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Dish TV Dishman Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals DLF Limited Dr. Reddy's Laboratories
E
Eclerx Elder Pharmaceuticals Elecon Engineering Essar Oil Essar Shipping Everonn Education Limited
F
Fame Cinemas Federal Bank Ferro Alloys Corporation Financial Technologies Group Finolex Cables Firstsource Forbes & Company Ltd.
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Fortis Healthcare
G
GAIL Geometric Limited Gitanjali Group GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Global Vectra Helicorp Limited Godrej Consumer Products Limited Godrej Industries Ltd Godrej Properties Limited Granules India Limited Grasim Industries Great Eastern Shipping GTL Ltd Gujarat Gas Company Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation Limited Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilisers Gujarat State Fertilizers and Chemicals Limited Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation
H
Hathway Havells
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Hawkins Cookers Limited HCL Enterprise HCL Infosystems HCL Technologies HDFC Bank Hero MotoCorp Hexaware Technologies Hindalco Industries Hindustan Construction Company Hindustan Copper Limited Hindustan Motors Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd Hindustan Petroleum Hindustan Unilever Housing Development Finance Corporation HT Media
I
ICICI Bank ICRA Limited IDBI Bank Idea Cellular IGATE Patni Indiabulls
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Indian Bank Indian Oil Corporation Indian Overseas Bank Indraprastha Gas Infinite Computer Solutions Infosys Infosys BPO Limited Infotech Enterprises ING Vysya Bank INOX Leisure Limited Ipca Laboratories IRB Infrastructure ISGEC Ispat Industries Ltd ITC Limited
J
Jain Irrigation Systems Jaipan Industries Jamna Auto Industries Jaypee Group JSW Steel Ltd Jindal Steel and Power JSW Energy
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K
Kansai Nerolac Paints Karur Vysya Bank KEC International Kemrock Kerala Solvent Extractions Ltd Kingfisher Airlines Kirloskar Group Kotak Mahindra Bank KPIT Cummins KS Oils KSK Energy Ventures Limited
L
Lakshmi Precision Screws Limited Lakshmi Vilas Bank Larsen & Toubro Liberty Shoes LIC Housing Finance List of companies of India List of public listed software companies of India Lupin Ltd.
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M
Mafatlal Industries Magma Fincorp Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services Limited Mahindra & Mahindra Limited Mahindra Satyam Mahindra Ugine Steel Manappuram General Finance and Leasing Ltd Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited MARG Limited Marico Martin Burn Limited Maruti Suzuki Mastek Max Healthcare Melstar Information Technologies Mercator Lines Micro Technologies (India) Ltd MindTree MMTC Ltd MOIL Limited Motherson Sumi Systems
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N
National Aluminium Company National Fertilizers National Mineral Development Corporation National Peroxide Navneet Publications NDTV Nectar Lifesciences Network 18 Neyveli Lignite Corporation NHPC Limited NIIT NIIT Technologies Nilkamal Plastics
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O
Oberoi Realty Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Oil India Onida Electronics OnMobile Onward Technologies Opto Circuits Oracle Financial Services Software Oriental Bank of Commerce
P
Pantaloon Retail India Persistent Systems Petronet LNG Pidilite Industries Pipavav Shipyard Piramal Healthcare Power Finance Corporation PowerGrid Corporation of India Prestige Group
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Prime Focus Group Punj Lloyd Punjab National Bank PVR Cinemas
R
R Systems International Raja Bahadur Motilal Poona Mills Ramco Systems Ranbaxy Laboratories Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Raymond Group Raymond Ltd Redington (India) Limited REI Agro Limited Reliance Capital Reliance Communications Reliance Industrial Infrastructure Reliance Industries Reliance Infrastructure Reliance MediaWorks Ltd Reliance Natural Resources Limited Reliance Petroleum Reliance Power
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Repro India Rolta India Ltd Royal Orchid Hotels Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
S
S. Kumars Salora International Sasken Communication Technologies Scandent Solutions Sesa Goa Shalimar Paints Shipping Corporation of India Shirpur Gold Refinery Shree Cement Shree Renuka Sugars Sify Sintex Industries Snowcem Paints Sobha Developers Limited Sonata Software SPIC SQL Star SRF Limited
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State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur State Bank of India Steel Authority of India Limited Sterlite Industries Sterlite Technologies Strides Arcolab Sun Pharmaceutical Supreme Industries Supreme Petrochem Supreme Tex Mart A2Z Group Suzlon Energy
T
Talwalkars Tamilnadu Petroproducts Limited Tasty Bite Tata Chemicals Tata Communications Tata Consultancy Services Tata Elxsi Tata Global Beverages Tata Motors
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Tata Power Tata Research Development and Design Centre Tata Steel Tata Teleservices TCS BaNCS Tech Mahindra Thermax Tips Industries Titan Industries Torrent Cables Torrent Pharmaceuticals Torrent Power Tulip Telecom TVS Motor
U
UltraTech Cement Unichem Laboratories Union Bank of India Unitech Group United Bank of India United Breweries Group Uttam Galva Steels UTV Software Communications
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V
Vadilal Videocon Vijaya Bank VIP Industries VISA Steel Vivimed Labs Limited Voltas VST Industries
W
Walchandnagar Industries Welspun Corp Ltd Welspun Group Welspun India Ltd Welspun Investments and Commercials Ltd Welspun Syntex Ltd Wipro Wire & Wireless India
Y
Yash Birla Group Yes Bank
Z
Zandu Realty
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Zee Entertainment Enterprises Zenith Computers Zensar Technologies Zylog Systems Limited
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Stock_Exchange#cite_note-8 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Stock_Exchange_of_India#Markets http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_exchange
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