Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Z,m;ukd
MunfhIjcif;tm;jzifh
dk[if*smvlrsKd;wkdY\
tcGefaiGaumufcH&dSrI &mckdifEIef;tajcjyZ,m;
NrdKYe,f
ckESpf
1945-46
1946-47
1947-48
ykPuRef;
75.09%
19.79%
0.19%
aygufawm
94.94%
50.78%
13.15%
NrdKYa[mif;
63.26%
8.44%
9.51%
ausmufawmf
21.64%
5.68%
56.58%
rif;jym;
82.60%
85.25%
56.53%
ppfawG
95.23%
60.90%
35.09%
&aohawmif
95.81%
40.50%
60.12%
bl;oD;awmif
100%
97.74%
99.39%
armif;awm
100%
100%
98.39%
ckESpf
1949-50
1950-51
1951-52
1952-53
2018
2055
1446
609
aygufawm
4705
3562
2147
513
NrdKYa[mif;
8215
4627
710
ausmufawmf
26576
11225
rif;jym;
1556
18650
8996
4913
ppfawG
29618
23518
30803
25418
&aohawmif
2307
2269
2669
333
bl;oD;awmif
44897
138480
118138
127181
armif;awm
134861
138317
172701
160422
ykPuRef;
rl*sm[pfvIyf S m;rI
1947 wGif umuG,fa&;0efBuD; Akdvfvuf,monf armif;awmESifh bl;oD;awmifNrdKUe,frsm;odkU oGm;
a&muf vnfywfaomtcg dk[if*smvlrsKd;rsm; EkdifiHawmftay: opmdScJhonfrsm;ukd axmufjy
ajymqkdcJhonf/ xkdUtjyif 1945 ckESpfavmufwGif &ckdifwpfjynfvHk;tESHUvkdvkd &ckdifvlrsKd;wkdY\
vlrsKd;a&; vIyfSm;rIjyif;xefcJhaomfvnf; kd[if*smvlrsKd;wdkYonfum; qlylvIyfSm;rI wpfpHkwpf&mrvkyfyJ
at;csrf;wnfjidrfpGm aecJhonfukd csD;rGrf;ajymqkdcJhonf/ xkdokdUcsD;rGrf;ajymqkdcJhjcif;onf &ckdif (Maugh)
uGefjrLepfaomif;usef;olrsm;ESifh vQKdU0SufpGm vufwGyJ l;aygif;vIyfSm;cJhaom &ckdif(Maugh) acgif;aqmif
rsm;tm; aoG;xkd;qGay;cJhovkdjzpfcJhonf/ xkdUaMumifh &cdkif(Maugh)trsKd;om;a&;0g'DwkdYonf jrefrm
EkdifiHawmftpkd;&u kd[if*smvlrsKd;rsm;ESifh tvGefcspfMunf&if;ESD;oGm;rnfukd pkd;&drfcJhaomaMumifh kd[if
*smvlrsKd;wkdYonf EkdifiHawmftay: qefYusifawmfvSefaom trsKd;om;opmazmuftjzpf EkdifiHawmf
tjrifrSm pOfqufrjywf jzpf&avatmif wpfcsKdYaompmrwwf OmPfrrDonfh kd[if*smvlrsKd;wkdYukd &ckdif
trsKd;om;a&;0g'Drsm;ESifh uGefjrLepfaomif;usef;olwdYkyl;aygif; uvdrfqiftuGufqifum kd[if*sm
aomif;usef;olrsm;tjzpf ay:ayguf&avatmif r&raeBudK;yrf;aqmifGufcJhonf/
&ckdif (Maugh) trsKd;om;a&; tpGef;a&muf0g'DwkdYonf xkdpOfu tpkd;&ygwDjzpfaom zufqpfqefY
usifa&; jynfholUvGwfajrmufa&;ygwD (AFPFL)tm; wGef;vSef NydKvJEkdifrS kd[if*smvlrsKd;wkdUonf
ukvm;weftaemufzuf &ckdifajrmufykdif;a'oukd kd[if*smvlrsKd;rsm;twGuf ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&e,f
ajra'otjzpfvnf;aumif;? usef&ckdifa'orsm;ukd &ckdifvlrsKd;wkdY\ jynfe,ftjzpfvnf;aumif; oD;jcm;
tkyfcsKyfcGifh&rnf pojzifh EkdifiHa&;todOmPfEke,fao;aom OD;*smazg&ftm; bl;oD;awmifNrdKYrS &ckdif
vlrsKd; OD;xGef;atmifjzL (kd[if*smpum;ajymuRrf;usif)tm;jzifh pnf;kH;ap &ckdifuGefjrLepfaomif;
usef;olrsm; pcef;xJwGif awmfvSefa&;oifwef;rsm; ykdUcsay;cJhonf/ &ckdifvlrsKd;wkdUonf ynm
tajrmftjrif? EkdifiHa&;tajrmftjrif csKdYwJhaom kd[if*smvlrsKd;wpfcsKdYudk pnf;kH; jrefrmEkdifiHtpkd;&u
xkwfy,fcJhaom vufeufukdifwyfzJGY(jyKwf)wkdUESifh yl;aygif;apum EkdifiHawmfESifh jrefrmjynfolwkdY\
aSUarSmufwGif kd[if*sm (ukvm;qkd;aomif;usef;ol) tzJGUwpfzJGU ay:xGef;vm&av[ef pDrHtuGuf
qifay;cJhonf/
trSeftm;jzifh kd[if*smvlrsKd;wkdUonf at;csrf;wnfjidrfaomb0ukd wnfaqmufvifhupm; &ckdift
rsKd;om;a&;0g'DwkdU\ tuGufqif uvdrfusaoG;xkd;ajrSmufyifh pDrHaqmifGufay;rIaMumifh dk[if*smESifh
jrefrmvlrsKd;wkdYtjyif &ckdifESifh kd[if*smvlrsKd;Mum;rSmyifvQif vGefpGmpdwf0rf;uJGjym;vmcJhonfrSm ,aeU
wkdifjzpfonf/ &ckdiftrsKd;om;0g'DwkdU\ ,ckvkdaqmifGufrIaMumifh rnfolrQ tusKd;rdSonfhtjyif vlrsKd;
pktm;vHk; cspfcifMuifemrIysufjym;NyD; trkef;w&m;yGm;rsm; vmcJhonfuvTJ rnfolrQ tusKd;rjzpf
xGef;cJhacs/
xkdYaemufwGif OD;*smazm&fonf rl*sm[pfaomif;usef;olwkdU\ acgif;aqmifjzpfvmNyD;? OD;xGef;atmifjzL
(bl;oD;awmif)u uvdrfqif raumif;BuHt&mtm;vHk;\ nTefMum;a&;rSL;csKyfjzpfum? rl*sm[pftkyfpk
ESifh taxGaxGoabmwlnDcsufwpfck csKyfqkd EkdifiHawmftpkd;&xHyg; kd[if*smjynfe,fwpfck
awmif;qkdapcJhonftxd tuGufqif uvdrfusyHhykd;ulnDEkdifcJhonf/ xkdtBuHtpnf atmifjrifNyD;av
aomf OD;xGef;atmifjzLonfvnf; vufeufcstvif;0ifcJhonf/ 1948 wGif ppfawGckdifrS 'k-r[m
rif;BuD;onf kd[if*smacgif;aqmifrsm; (e,fcH)? oufBuD;G,ftkdtcsKdUESifh bl;oD;awmifNrdKUe,f ausmif;
456 OD; tdrfaxmif jyKNyD;aomfvnf; &ckdif (Maugh) trsKd;orD; OD;a& 1000 vQif 141 OD;om
vufxyfcJhaMumif;awGY&onf/ tjcm;touf tykdif;tjcm;ESpfrsKd;jzpfaom ]17-23} ESpfESifh ]23-24}
ESpfwkdY\ tdrfaxmifjyK rIZ,m;ukd MunfhvQifvnf; rGwfpvifwkdY\ arG;zGm;rIEIef;onf &ckdifvlrsKd;wkdYxuf
rsm;pGmomvGefaMumif; awGY&onf/
pOf
vlrsKd;
u
15
r
141
touftykdif;tjcm;
17-23
23-24
u
r
u
r
333
632 830
796
14
465
401
14-16
1
&ckdif
kd[if*sm
821
817
836
NrdKYe,ftrnf
ajryHk
rif;jym;
aygufawm
NrdKYa[mif;
ausmufawmf
ykPm;uRef;
&aohawmif
armifawm
bl;oD;awmif
pkpk aygif;
aus;Gmaygif;
30
27
25
58
78
05
21
08
55
307
&ckdifjynfe,f
1934 rS 1942 ckESpfMum;umvrsm;twGif; kd[if*smvlrsKd;rsm; tpkvkduf tjyKHvkduf owfjzwfcH&rI\
tusKd;quftjzpf &ckdifESifh kd[if*smvlrsKd;rsm;Mum;dS pnf;vHk;nDnTwfa&;wnf;[laom r[mtcGifh
]tajccH
tajccHynm ta&;ay:pDrHudef;ESifh q&m twwfoifwpfESpfoifwef; } umvtwGuf
ppfawGckdifdS NrdKYe,ftoD;oD;rS ac:,laom oifwef;om;rsm;jyZ,m;
pOf
pO
NrdKYe,fr sm;
oifwef; om;rsm;
1
2
armifawm
bl;oD;awmif
8
7
3
4
ausmufawmf
NrdKYa[mif;
19
17
ppfawG
19
aygufawm
&aohawmif
ykPm;uRef;
rif;jym;
10
tjcm;