EXP. NO.

09

26/03/2012

BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND

AIM:

To determine Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of the given sample.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1000ml of graduated cylinder, mixing rod, 300ml BOD bottles, pipette, BOD incubator, conical flask, burette. REAGENTS REQUIRED:

Std. Manganese sulphate solution (2M) N/40 Sodium thiosulphate Conc. H2SO4 acid Starch Indicator Phosphate buffer solution

THEORY:

BOD is defined as the amount of oxygen required by bacteria to stabilize decomposition organic matter under aerobic condition. BOD is the major criteria used in stream pollution control where organic loading is restricted to maintain desired dissolved oxygen level. It involves the determination of dissolved oxygen content of the sample. Before and after 7 days incubation at 200C. if the sample doesnt contain any oxygen, it is supplied with oxygen and depletion is calculated as BOD. Dissolved O2 (mg/L) = Vol. of sodium thiosulphate consumed x Conc. Of thiosulphate x 1000x8 Vol of water sample

OBSERVATION: INITIAL DO VALUE: Vol. of water S.No Sample

1 2 102 102 0 3

Burette Reading (ml) Initial Final

3 6

Volume of Na2S2O7 (ml)

3 3

Initial Dissolved O2 (mg/L) = Vol. of sodium thiosulphate 0.025x 8000 Vol of water sample = 3 x 0.025x 8000 = 5.8825 mg/l 102 FINAL DO VALUE: Vol. of water S.No Sample
1 2 102 102 0 0.9

Burette Reading (ml) Initial Final

0.9 1.8

Volume of thio consumed (ml)

0.9 0.9

Final Dissolved O2 (mg/L) = Vol. of sodium thiosulphate 0.025x 8000 Vol of water sample = 0.9 x 0.025x 8000 = 1.7645 mg/l 102 BOD =Initial DO Final DO =5.8825 1.764 =4.11 mg/l

Dissolved O2 (mg/L) = Vol. of sodium thiosulphate 0.025x 8000 Vol of water sample

PROCEDURE:

1. The standard solution water taken into 1000ml graduated cylinder and half filled it without entrapment of air. 2. The pH of dilution water may range from 6.5 to 8.5. it is customary to buffer the solution by means of a phosphate system to about 7.0 3. Take the sample in BOD Bottle. Add 0.9 ml Conc.H2SO4 and and 0.2 ml KMnO 4 4. Take and shake it for 5 mins. A yellow color appears. 5. Then an 2ml of MnSO4 and 3ml of alkaline KI solution 6. If it didnt show, then add some NaOH / KOH 7. Then mix it. If there is any precipitate, then add 1ml of Conc. H2SO4 again . 8. Then it is titrated against Sodium thiosulphate using starch indicator.

RESULT:

i) ii) iii)

Initial DO of the given sample = 5.8825 mg/l Final DO of the given sample = 1.764 mg/l BOD7 of the given sample = 4.11 mg/l