Big vs Large Big and large are both adjectives, and sometimes they can be used interchangeably while

sometimes they cannot be as the meaning of the statement changes by their interchanging, or it becomes incorrect. They can both be used with countable nouns, meaning anything which can be counted or measured, for example, a large house, a big garden. However, they cannot be used with uncountable nouns, for example, traffic. Large and big both refer to more than average size, height, weight, length, etc. Big Big is a very common adjective. It is one of the most used words in the English language whereas it has been observed that large is not used as much as the word big. Big has many meanings one of which is important, for example: The decision of starting a new business is a big decision. Here big refers to something very important. In informal situations, big refers to older or elder, for example: He is like a big brother to him; he looks after him as his own kid brother. Big also refers to powerful or successful. It might refer to a successful or powerful person or successful and powerful thing, city, center, etc. For example: Las Vegas is a big tourist attraction. Big is used in the case of an action which is considered, informally, of a large degree, for example: People of our generation are big spenders. Here big refers to a lot of spending. Big refers to great strength and force, for example: A big storm was gaining ground. It can be used for popularity also, for example, The show Voice is big in the U.S. Big is used as fixed phrases and cannot be interchanged with large, for example, He has a big mouth; It is no big deal.

Large Large is used less commonly than big. It is used with quantity words, for example, large scale, a large number, a large amount of something, a large proportion, to a very large extent, large volume, large part of something, large area, etc. It refers to a greater than average size, for example: A large house or large garden. It also refers to more than average breadth, capacity, or scope, for example: Things of large proportion. Significance is also indicated by the word large, for example: India is a large producer of rice and wheat. Large also refers to liberal or tolerant, for example:

She had a generous spirit which was large and kind. Large can be used informally for pretentious and boastful actions or nature, for example: He had a large ego which got hurt easily. Large is also used in some fixed phrases where it cannot be changed with big, for example: Somebody being larger than life. Convicts being at large. Summary: 1.Big is one of the most common adjectives used and is one of the most used words in the English language; large is not as commonly used as big. 2.Big is used for many different meanings like, elder, important, successful, powerful, etc; large has many different usages where it is used for more than average breadth, capacity, or scope. It also means significant, liberal, pretentious, etc.

Look vs Find Look and find are two English words which are very close to each other, and people often use them incorrectly in place of one another. Look means to glance at something, to perceive something with ones eyes or to see. It may refer to the process of trying to find something. Find, on the other hand, refers to the result of looking. When the process of looking is over, one discovers the thing one was looking for. Look and find have other usages also. Look Look is used as transitive verb as well as an intransitive verb. Here are some of usages and meanings: Look refers to taking care of something, for example; Look to see that the parcel is delivered by 10:00 a.m. To see, for example; Look how pretty it is! To examine, for example; Look at the intricacy of the design. To expect or anticipate, for example; We look forward to having a profitable year.

A certain facial expression, for example; I did not like the look on her face. To have an appearance which fits or accords with, for example; He looks his age. To have an outlook which is specified, for example; The house on the river looked north. Likelihood, for example; It looks like it is going to rain. To gaze or stare, for example; He looked hard at her. Look refers to a particular tendency, for example; The evidence in the case looks to a conviction. Look is also used as a noun. Some of the usages are: The act of looking, for example; She took a quick look around. Physical appearance, for example;

This is the look of the season. Find Find is used as a transitive verb, intransitive verb, and as a noun. Some of the usages are: Find refers to coming upon something accidentally, to encounter, for example; I hoped to find him here but he isnt. To discover by experimenting or study, for example; The scientist found the answer to his query. To attain or reach, for example; The arrow found the mark.

To experience, for example; Did you find pleasure in the company of people your age? To perceive to be in a particular place, for example; He found himself standing in the rain. To gain power, for example; To try to find someones tongue. To provide or supply, for example; We need to find the right sofa for the room. Find used as a noun, some usages are: The act of finding something, for example; My find is authentic. Valuable discovery, for example; The antique jewelry she bought at the flea market was a real find. Some person whose abilities are very good, for example; Your assistant is a real find. Summary: Look means to glance at something or to perceive something with ones eyes while find refers to the result of looking.

Difference Between Task and Activity Task vs Activity Task and activity are words that can create confusion. Most people think these two words to be similar as they appear to have similar meanings. However, these are two words that come with different meanings. While the term task means a piece of work to be undertaken or done or simply work, activity means some event or some happening. A task can be said to be any activity that is done with a particular purpose. On the other hand, an activity can be said to be a work that is done with no particular purpose in mind or with some purpose in mind. A task can also be called an assignment which someone has been assigned to do.

A task can also be an activity that is being imposed on another person or a demand on the powers of another. For example, His father asked him to complete the task by the evening. Here, the father has given his son an activity with some authority. Both the terms activity and task are used mainly as nouns. Activity also means moving about or being active. Activity involves strenuous action or more energy. Unlike task, an activity needs more energy and more action. Most of the time when the word activity is used, it refers to outdoor activities. Another important difference that can be noted between task and activity is that the former refers to the completion of an activity whereas the latter refers to some movement. When the term activity is used in the plural form, it means occupation or some outdoor activity. Summary: 1.The term task means a piece of work to be undertaken or doneor simply work, and activity means some event or some happening. 2.A task can also be called an assignment which someone has been assigned to do. 3.A task can be said to be any activity that is done with a particular purpose. On the other hand, an activity can be said to be a work that is done with no particular purpose in mind or with some purpose in mind. 4.Unlike task, an activity needs more energy and more action. 5.Another important difference that can be noted between task and activity is that the former refers to the completion of an activity whereas the latter refers to some movement. 6.Activity also means moving about or being active. An activity involves strenuous action or more energy.

See vs Watch See and watch are two English verbs which denote the actions carried out by the eyes. These two actions, or verbs, are not interchangeable, but many people make the mistake of using one in place of another. The difference between see and watch lies in the intent to see something. Seeing is a perception. We see things even when we do not actually intend to see them because they are right in front of our eyes or happening in front of our eyes. Watching, however, refers to intently watching something, paying attention to something or someone because we want to pay attention towards them or generally something or someone who is in motion. See See basically refers to viewing something without the intention of seeing it, but it is used in many other ways too. It also means; To perceive by sight- She saw the postman driving past her house. To discover or come to know- I can see now how you cheated your employees.

The setting or time of- The past years have seen a bad recession in the country. Visualize- I can still see the maple leaves turn red in the fall. Understand- I see now how the problem is solved. Recognize- She sees him for who he is now. Examine- Let us see how they solve the puzzle. To provide for- He has enough cash to see him through the day. To judge- To see one getting charged for his crimes. To keep company in courtship- They are seeing each other for weeks. Audience obtained- You can see the queen in the evening. To escort- Please see the guests to the living room. The above-mentioned usages are some of the main usages. There are many more which can be differentiated into intransitive and transitive verb usages. Watch Watch is basically used with the intention of attentively looking at something carefully, especially something or someone who is moving. It is used in many ways. Some of the usages are: To keep vigil, to stay awake during the night- She watched over the children. To stay attentive or keep guard- The sailor took the night watch seriously. To observe something as a spectator- Watching a match; watching a movie. To be expectant of something- They waited and watched for the right signals. To observe- The journalist watched the politicians. To observe closely in order to check some action- To be watched by the cops. Tend to- watching weight. Watch is also used in many different cases; we have mentioned some of them to explain the difference between see and watch Summary: See and watch both can be used in many different ways in the English language, but the basic difference between the two verbs of the senses is the intention involved. See is used basically for just perceiving; when you can see something without trying or intending to see, whereas watch refers to the intention of somebody to observe something or somebody intently and carefully.

Location vs Place Differentiating the terms location and place is a bit difficult to state in words, most especially that the two have been used interchangeably by many. This comes as no surprise since most resources

define location as a type of place while some definitions of place appear to be a type of locality, which is still very related to the term location. Nevertheless, the two must be understood as two different concepts. Foremost, place is described as an area that usually has indefinable margins or borders. In its most generic description, a place is like a segment of space. In another sense, a place can be any building that has definite purpose like how the church is being described as a place of worship. A place can also be any spot or area where a person or persons live. So when one says to you Lets go to my house he is referring to his house as the place where both of you should go. Moreover, a place can also be used more figuratively rather than literal as in the sentence, Put yourself in his place and Im sure youll understand! In this connection, the term place is used to refer, not to a particular area in space, but to the situation where the other person is in. Place can also be used to describe a certain point system that bears several stages like the one having the most points being in the first place, followed by the second place, and so on and so forth. In mathematics, place can also refer to a certain position in a series. So in the series 1, 3, 5, 7 number 3 is in second place. By contrast, location is different from place because you tend to be more specific with the area where a certain spot is situated. Thus, when youre told about a location, it often comes with an implied idea that you should know where or how to locate that spot. Using one of the examples above, when one says to you Lets go to my house, you can ask for the location of his place by asking him where exactly that house is situated. When he answers, My house is at 289 Red Street then he is already telling you of its exact location. Thus, location is something that is described with absolute coordinates (latitudes, longitudes, street numbers, etc.) or with reference to something like My house is to the right of the bookstore. Summary: 1.Location is defined as the specific area where a place is situated. It is, therefore, particular with spatial positions. It usually has absolute coordinates. 2.Place is a broader term that describes any part of space or an area that does not have any reference to something specific. 3.Figuratively, place can also be a type of situation that somebody is experiencing. 4.In mathematics, a place is a particular position of a term in a given series.

Girls vs Women Distinguishing a girl from a woman can be explained in a lot of ways. In the same way that plants and animals grow old across different life stages, a girl or a female human being also grows, not just physically, but in many other aspects for her to become a woman.

The term women is the plural form of woman which is said to be the more mature version of a typical girl. From the childhood stage up to the moment when she is at the point of transitioning to adulthood, this person is described as a girl. The point of transition is generally accepted as 18 years old. This is the point when many assume that the girls physical growth has already stopped. If you use this definition to describe a girl, then it would immediately be implied that girls are younger, less mature (physically, mentally, and emotionally) and are mostly dependent for their everyday needs ranging from the most basic ones like food and shelter up to their wants for transportation and other leisures in life. Thus, it is very important for the parents to supervise a girl most especially during her childhood and pubescent stages. On the contrary, women are practically adults. Most societies classify women as those who fall at the age of 18 and above. Being more mature in age implies that women are also more mature in other aspects (i.e. emotional dimension) as compared to girls. But to the surprise of many, this may not be true in all situations. In general, though, women are better able to handle the pressures in life and are more responsible individuals. They are already prepared to have an offspring, marry, and establish her own family. Etymologically, girl is taken from the Anglo-Saxon term gurle which, if translated to English, would mean child while woman is biblically interpreted as being taken from man, and some say that it is a combination of the terms wif (wife) and man. Summary: 1.Girls are female human beings that fall below 18 years of age from childhood to post-puberty stage. 2.Women are female human beings that are 18 years of age or greater. 3.Girls are less mature physically and emotionally as compared to women. 4.Girls are less responsible as individuals and are highly dependent on their significant others (usually their parents). 5.Women are more prepared to take on the responsibilities of being a mother and a wife.

Lite vs Light Words, like organisms, evolve to indicate how man and society have developed through the years. Every year, several words are added to the old ones; some are new while others are abbreviations or contractions of already known words. This has become very common with the advent of technology and the proliferation of mobile phone use. How often does one encounter the term LOL or OMG when chatting with friends on the Internet or when exchanging messages through mobile phones?

The evolution of words is not only apparent with the use of technological devices but in everyday products that people use. Take the case of the word light, for example. In later years, it has evolved to have another spelling, lite. The word light can be used as a noun, a verb, an adverb, or an adjective. As a noun it is used to refer to something that helps make things visible, such as a lamp that brightens up a room and stimulates the eyes to see the surroundings. Examples are: (1) Please turn on the light. (2) Everything became very clear and visible when she turned on the light. As a verb it is used to refer to the act of brightening, of giving off, or turning a lamp, candle, or bulb on. As an adverb it is used to refer to something that weighs less. As an adjective it is used to refer to something of less weight than what is standard. Examples are: (1) Can you please light the candle for me? (Verb) (2) This pillow is very light. (Adjective) The term light comes from the Old English word leoht which, in turn, came from the Latin word lux and the Greek word leukos which means white or bright. Its first known use in the English language was before the 10th century. The term lite, on the other hand, comes from the French word lite which was derived from the Greek word lithos which means stone. It is a slang term for the word light which means having less weight, substance, or calories. It is used to label certain products that are specifically produced with less calories, low fat, or a smaller amount of alcohol content. It is used in advertising and in naming products that producers want to represent as containing less calories or fat. While it is synonymous with the word light, lite is preferred by advertisers since using it enables them to circumvent regulations which are not possible if they use the usual word light. So today there are a lot of products that are considered lite: lite food, lite soda, and lite beer. Summary: 1.The word light can be used as a noun, a verb, an adverb, or an adjective while the word lite is used as a noun and an adjective only. 2.Both light and lite are used to refer to something that weighs less or contains a lesser amount of fat, alcohol, and calories; while light is the standard spelling, advertisers prefer to use lite to label products. 3.The word light comes from the Old English word leoht while the word lite comes from the French word lite.

Essential vs Necessary Essential and necessary are words which are used in different circumstances. Essential is something without which we cannot do and necessary is something which is important but we can do without it. Essential The word essential is used as an adjective and a noun. Lets understand the meaning with the help of dictionary meanings and examples. Essential used as an adjective Essential means absolutely necessary; it also means indispensable. For example: It is essential for all defense personnel to be physically fit. Essential means constituting or pertaining to the essence of something. For example: Motherhood is the essence of being a woman. Essential means containing a plant or drug essence. Essential means something which is natural and spontaneous. For example: Essential nutrients required by the body. Essential used as a noun Essential means a necessary element, indispensable, basic or chief point. For example: One must pay attention to the essentials of a book rather than on other details. The word essential can be used in place of absolutely necessary. When we use absolutely necessary, it makes the requirement of something as essential without which some particular thing cannot be achieved. The main characteristic of the word essential is the utmost necessity linked with it, something without which one cannot pertain, something for which a particular thing is not just a mere requirement or important but is indispensable. Necessary The word necessary is used as an adjective and as a noun. Lets take a look at the dictionary meanings and some examples to make the meaning more clear. Necessary used as an adjective Indispensable, being essential. For example: Singing and dancing is a necessary part of a musical. Existing due to necessity or happening due to necessity. For example: Due to heavy rains, we made necessary changes to our program.

Not free, acting on compulsion, involuntary. Necessary used as a noun Something which is requisite or necessary. For example: Food is a necessity of life; one cannot survive without it. Necessary is also used when referring to some rule or law. For example: It is necessary to wear the seat belt while driving. It is necessary to follow the road rules while driving. Summary: 1.Necessary and essential are used to show an indispensable thing or point towards a thing which is an absolute must. Essential refers to things without which one cannot do whereas, necessary refers to things which cannot be avoided but can be done without. 2.Necessary is used to refer to law whereas the word essential is not used for describing laws.

Home vs House Houses come in different shapes and sizes; some are big, others small. Others have intricate designs, and others so simple that they only consist of a square area enclosed in four walls with a roof on top. In making a home, size or design does not matter. What matters is that it provides its inhabitants with a refuge that is comfortable, happy, and makes them feel that they belong. A home is defined as a place of refuge, a place where one resides and rests after a day of hard work. It is where a family lives and which offers them security, a haven where they can feel at ease, comfortable, and happy. It is where an individuals most-cherished possessions are kept; where no one can touch them without his permission. It is a place where he can do whatever pleases him away from the prying eyes of other people. The word home is also used to refer to the country or town where an individual was born and raised. It is where one feels that he belongs, a place which gives one warm memories of his past and all the happy and carefree moments of his childhood. For some, a home may have no physical location. They relate it to a state wherein one feels comfortable and safe. But for most people, it is the place which provides them shelter from the forces of nature and from other threats. The word home comes from the Old English word ham which means dwelling, estate, or village. It is derived from the Proto-Germanic words haimaz and heim which mean home. The word house, on the other hand, comes from the Old English word hus which means dwelling or shelter. It is derived from the Proto-Germanic word husan which is connected to the root word of the word hide.

A house is defined as the structure which serves as a dwelling for a person or a family. It is used synonymously with the word home, but it usually only refers to the building or structure and not on the overall condition of the place and its inhabitants. It may contain an individuals personal things or property and provide him with a place to live and rest, but it does not offer the same comfort that one feels when he is home. It can sometimes denote something temporary such as a sorority or fraternity house. Summary: 1.A home is a place or a state wherein one can take refuge and feel safe and comfortable while a house is the structure which serves as a place where a person or a family can live. 2.A home is a place where one feels that he belongs, a place with fond memories, and where he can feel most comfortable, safe, and happy while a house may just be the building that one lives in only temporarily. 3.While both a house and a home may refer to a place of dwelling, a home is more warm and full of love and happiness which can be lacking in a house.

Picture vs Photo People like preserving things; flowers are dried, food is pickled, and images are taken of people, places, and events that are memorable or extraordinary. Pictures and photos are made of these events, things, and people with the intention of preserving their memories. A picture is defined as a visual representation or image of a scene, a person, or a thing on a flat surface that is drawn, painted, or photographed. It is a graphic art that takes a clear image of what is being represented. The word picture comes from Old English which was derived from the Latin word pictura which means painting. Its first recorded usage in the English language was during the 15th century. It is a generic name for all types of visual representations of a subject that can range from objects, animals, people, scenery, or abstract images that are created with the use of colors, pens, pencils, paints, the printing press, and other mechanical, chemical or digital technology. It can also refer to the mental process of creating an image of something or someone in the mind with the help of memory and recollection. It tries to recreate an image by using the hands of the artist which is a time-consuming and tedious process. Creating a picture, especially through painting and drawing, involves great commitment and talent from the artist. It takes time to create a work that is extraordinary which could become very valuable in time. There is also another way to create pictures and it is through photography.

The process of photography creates photos, pictures, or visual representations of different subjects which are taken with a camera. They are created with light and digital imaging technology after being taken or recorded by a camera. The word photo or photograph comes from the Middle English word for the Latin word pictura which means painting, which was derived from pictus or painted, which is the past participle of pingere which means to make pictures. Its first recorded use was in the 1800s. Although it is also created using the hands, it does not take exceptional talent to take a photo. It can be created in minutes and can be printed on any piece or kind of paper. A camera with a lens is used to capture an image which is then embedded on a photographic film, a CCD or CMOS chip. Summary: 1.A picture is a visual representation of an object, person, or a scene on a flat surface while a photo is a visual representation of any subject on any piece of paper. 2.A picture is usually made by hand, especially those that are drawn or painted, while a photo is taken with the use of the hands but with the camera actually creating it. 3.A picture can refer to all types of visual imaging while a photo is a type of picture. 4.Taking an image of something or someone through creating a picture needs talent and dedication because it takes a while to finish it while taking a photo takes only a few minutes.

Progress vs Development Progress and development are often used interchangeably. For many people, both words mean the same thing and present the same goal. However, progress and development have few differences in the details. Familiar areas of both progress and development are: economics, science, business, land and geography, and history. The word progress can be a noun or an intransitive verb while the word development can function as a noun, an adjective, and an adverb. In terms of definition, progress and development are closely related. Progress is defined as a movement towards a goal and defines two things forward movement and upward directionality. The linear pattern denotes steady improvement. On the other hand, development also indicates movement and growth. However, development is more on the scope of the movement. If progress has a linear or upward pattern, development is more focused on the expansion of all aspects and directions. By comparing and contrasting both definitions, progress is a part of development. Development acts like a big picture with progress of every concerned area as one of its factors. Development also acts as a

permanent change while change and growth in progress is short-lived and acts like a step to the next level. When it comes to work and labor, progress and development are also different. Progress is mainly concerned with the results of the labor. It can be said that progress is done by evaluating tasks which are done and what other tasks are needed to be tackled. From this viewpoint, it shows that progress isnt a complete process, and there are still things left to be done. On the other hand, development deals with the process. Development occurs when there is gradual growth, or the plan and internal growth enables it to work more effectively and efficiently. It also pertains to working smarter and not just harder. It primarily consists ofthinking outside of the box, working with new techniques and procedures, as well as searching for new avenues and possibilities. The economic side of progress and development are also different. Progress is upward growth in economic status; however, progress is still an on-going process. Development, meanwhile, is the aftermath and the effect of progress. In development, there is a human and social factor. It measures whether how much of society benefited from the economic growth or progress. In a way, development and progress have a symbiotic or a two-way relationship. If there is internal development, whether in a group or in an individual, it can affect the status of progress in work or in a plan. Summary: 1.Progress and development are similar but not exactly alike. Progress denotes a picture of a straight and upward movement while development favors the depiction of wholesome growth in all aspects and sides. 2.Development deals more with a wholesome activity while progress deals with the particulars of the same action. In short, progress contributes to development. 3.Progress deals with the current status of the activity which includes the tasks done and the undone tasks while development also looks at the current status but on a macro level. 4.Progress is part of the development. Development is the wholesome approach or status of a particular activity whether a plan or a project. 5.Progress and development is also reflected in work and the individual. Progress is concerned with the results while development deals with the process. Progress looks at the end of labor and the evaluative results while development concentrates on the methods and techniques. 6.Economic progress and development also are relative concepts. Progress is seen as the economic growth of a country while development refers to the

Motive vs Intention Motive and intention are both aspects in the field of law and justice. They are also associated with a suspect with the particular purposes of proving or disproving a particular case or crime.

Motive refers to the reason or the why the crime was committed. It is often the background of the suspect in committing the alleged crime. As a background, motive comes before intent. Unlike intent, motive can be determined, but its existence doesnt exactly prove guilt. It can be refuted by evidence or an alibi on a suspected persons part (often referred to as a person of interest in criminal jargon). A motive is often based on the probability that the person has reason to commit the crime but no supporting evidence that the motive was carried out in the action. Motive is an initial factor but not a conclusive action to link a person to the crime. Motive is also based in the realm of psychology. Motive, as a psychological term, is also known as the drive and is often classified into two main types the physiological motives and the psychological or social motives. Intent, on the other hand, is the supposed action or purpose of the crime. It is the result of the motive and has a higher level of culpability since a harmful action was committed. Intent is characterized as a deliberate action and conscious effort to break the law and commit the offence. Intent resides in the field of law where it is defined as the planning and longing to perform an act. It is present in both criminal law and tort law. To be specific, a scenario of intent in criminal law often involves the prosecutor in a court of law filing a charge of a crime against a suspect with veritable motive and intent. Since the intent is the final goal of the motive, it needs to be proven in order to prove that the suspect did to commit the crime. Intent has more legal standing and weight compared to motive in a court of law and is a requirement to make a case along with the means and opportunity. As for criminal intent, there are four levels as described in the Moral Penal Code: (1) Purposely At this level, the suspect expresses his purpose to commit a specific crime against a particular person. (2) Knowingly The suspect has knowledge and consciousness that his actions will be considered a crime in the eyes of the law. However, the suspect can inflict a crime on a person who is not his intended victim. (3) Recklessly The suspect knows the risks involved in his actions and the situation but disregards the risk and continues to perform the crime regardless. (4) Negligently The suspect does not take into account various possible scenarios that will happen during the action of the crime which often leads to losing control of the situation and probably causing more casualties. Summary: 1.Motive and intent are very closely related to each other. Motive precedes intent in terms of action. 2.Motive is mainly in the field of psychology whereas intent is nestled in the field of law. 3.Motive is the reason behind the intent while intent is the background of the committed crime. 4.Both motive and intent should be proven beyond a reasonable doubt, but intent has a weightier standing and bearing in a court of law compared to motive. 5.Intent is part of the three aspects to prove the crime (with means and opportunity) while motive can

stand for itself. 6.Motive applies to all persons of interest which can include the suspect. However, intent can be solely focused on the suspect. 7.Motive is very arbitrary. It cannot prove or justify guilt or the actions pertaining to the crime. A person with a motive can be eliminated or solidified with the help of the evidence or alibi. In the case of intent, the evidence or alibi solidified the case against the suspect. Hazard vs Danger Warning signs are visible everywhere; on the road, in train stations, and in most public places. Two of the very common words that can be found in these warning signs are danger and hazard. While both refer to a risk or threat, they are two distinct words. A hazard is a condition that presents a risk or threat to the environment as well as an individuals life, property, or health. It is something that does not exist but is a possibility that an individual will fall victim to an injury or misfortune. It is an unpredictable and yet unknown experience or occurrence that may result in pain, illness, loss, or injury. Examples of hazards are confined spaces, awkward positions, protruding objects, and the presence of stored electrical, chemical, mechanical, and radioactive energy. Hazards can be natural such as those posed by volcanoes and tornadoes; man-made such as activities like flying or engaging in extreme sports; or the result of breaking or violating a legal, physical, or moral boundary. A hazard may also be dormant wherein the circumstance still has the potential to be hazardous but still does not affect people, property, or the environment. It can be armed wherein people, property, and the environment are placed in harms way. Once a harmful incident has occurred, it is an active hazard and would create an emergency situation. The term comes from the Old French word hasard which means dice game which is derived from the Arabic az-zahr which means the gaming die. On the other hand, the term danger comes from the Middle English word daunger which means power or peril which is derived from the Old French dangier from the Latin dominus which means master. In the English language it came to refer to the power to cause harm. It is a situation where an individual is susceptible to harm or one wherein he is exposed or put at risk. It may or may not be something that is clearly evident or known. A dangerous incident can be serious, but it can also be as mild as the danger of cutting your finger when slicing onions. Hazard is usually used to refer to something that is extremely serious or very damaging. It is used in warning signs to indicate the severity of the situation. It is used to refer to dangers that are bigger and more serious while danger is used to generally refer to risky situations whether big or small. Summary: 1.A hazard is a condition that presents a threat to an individual, property, or the environment while danger is a situation where an individual is put at risk or is susceptible to a possible hazard. 2.A hazard is usually used to refer to risky situations that are very serious or life-threatening while

danger is used in a more general way to refer to risky situations that may cause slight or serious damage. 3.The word hazard comes from the Arabic word az-zahr while the word danger comes from the Latin word dominus.

Replica vs Fake Replicas and fakes are both things which are not original, but these words are used in different contexts. A replica is basically used to indicate a product which is not real but is used for some specific reasons whereas a fake is not just a product. It is used in many contexts. Replica Replicas are copies of original products. These products can be varied ranging from branded items like, clothes, shoes, jewelry, leather products, accessories, and even trophies awarded for sports, etc. Sometimes these replicas are used in museums and other sports or award functions because the original is too expensive to be moved from one place to another and the hassles involved to arrange for their security. The main thing about a replica is that they may be a very close copy and almost indistinguishable from the original. Replicas are also used sometimes when the original thing never existed and yet it has to be displayed in a museum. Replicas also indicate they are copies of original products made only by the company originally making that product. This is done in order to reduce the cost of the original product which is usually very high for designer pieces. Replicas are not only used for displays in museums and made by the original companies but are used to sell products of cheaper quality for a higher price as a counterfeit. Money, coins, clothes, handbags, shoes, accessories, watches, artwork, and firearms all are sold for a profit without the buyer knowing that he is buying a replica. Fake Fake products are copies of original products and are used to make money by selling the cheaper versions for a very high price. Most of the time people buying fakes are unaware of buying a fake. Fake is used to refer to a variety of things ranging from movie sets, to props used in dramas, dance or theater. Characters of fictional stories are called fake characters. Fictitious examples used for medicine or law purposes are called a fake. The behavior of a person who is not behaving like himself is called fake behavior. Counterfeit, forgery, and decoy, all these things are considered fakes. Fakes are easily available. They are cheaper because of poor quality and are at a risk of less damage as they do not require animals to be killed as in the case of fake fur and ivory, etc.

Also, they do not require licenses as for many firearms. In general, a fake and a replica are both copies. In general language, they are even used interchangeably. But a replica is used more often as a more legitimate copy than a fake is considered. Summary: 1.Replicas are copies which may have been made by the consent of the original company to reduce its cost or be used in museums in order to protect the original, or in cases when the real item does not exist and still needs to be displayed. 2.A fake is also a copy but mostly sold illegally for profit without the consent of the original company.

Language vs Speech Language and speech are two different communicating tools. Language is the tool by which we write, understand, etc., and speech is the tool of communication which is used to verbally communicate with others. Let us elaborate more on both to understand the differences. Language One of the dictionary meanings of language is the communication of feelings and thoughts through a system of particular signals, like sounds, voice, written symbols, and gestures. It is considered to be a very specialized capacity of humans where they use complex systems for communication. The study of languages is called linguistics. There are many languages spoken today by humans. Languages have some rules, and they are compiled and used according to those rules for communication. Languages can be not only written, but sometimes some languages are based on signs only. These are called sign languages. In other cases, some particular codes are used for computers, etc. which are called computer languages or programming. Language has four different rules which are shared socially. First, what a word means, the meaning of the words which is called vocabulary; second, how to make up new words; third, how to put the words together in a sequence and, finally, how to use the sentence in a particular situation. Does it need to be a statement, or does it need to be interrogative, etc. Language can be either receptive, meaning understanding of a language, and expressive language, which means the usage of the language either orally or in writing. If we simplify everything, language expresses an idea communicated in the message. Speech One of the dictionary meanings of speech is the act of expressing or the faculty of describing feelings and thoughts or perceptions by words, something spoken or vocal communication. It is a specifically human capacity to communicate verbally or vocally with the use of syntactic combinations from diverse vocabularies.

Each word spoken has a phonetic combination of certain sound units. Speech is created by vocabularies, syntax, and a set of sound units. It is the verbal way of communicating. The following components are a part of speech: Articulation, which means the way speech sounds are produced. Voice, the breathing process and the vocal folds used to produce sounds. Fluency, the rhythm required to speak without hesitation. Simplifying the whole concept, speech expresses how a spoken message needs to be communicated. Summary: 1.Language is the communication of feelings and thoughts through a system of particular signals like sounds, voice, written symbols, and gestures. However, speech is the act of expressing or the faculty of describing feelings and thoughts or perceptions by words, something spoken or vocal communication. 2.Languages could be human languages, sign languages, or computer languages which use codes while speech is a single concept. It is the physical process used to verbalize language. 3.Languages express the idea that needs to be communicated while speech is the process which shows how the message needs to be communicated.

Guy vs Man A man and a guy both refer to adult human males. The difference lies in their attitude and the way they treat life. The difference between a man and a guy is also a difference of opinion in the eyes of the person who has a specific perception about men. In regular language, a guy and a man are not very different, but ask people individually, and each one has their own opinion. According to some people, guys are those adult males who have grown in age but havent taken the responsibility of the world upon their shoulders. They live life in a carefree manner without being able to understand that it is high time they did something responsible and settled down. Some people think that guys are fun to be with because they do not have many expectations from the world or their partners as they know that they themselves do not encourage any kind of expectations from their side. There are many jokes and a compilation of facts which claim the differences between a man and a guy, and we can go on and on about the personal opinions of people. All the differences written and perceived about men and guys have one common factor: boys who did not grow up to be responsible, did not follow a good career, did not commit to anything in life, and did not want people to expect much from them are guys. Men are those individuals who take care of themselves, their families, they have a proper career, they know what their responsibilities are towards society and what is expected of them.

It is said that guys are more fun to be with than men as they believe in living the young life of a high school boy. They dress the same; they talk the same lingo even into their late twenties and early thirties. They think nothing bad can ever happen to them or their family. They lack discipline and thus do not impose it on others and are young at heart. Men, however, know that the high school days are far gone; they learn to follow the nuances of the grown-up society; they change as per the requirements, and are more disciplined in life than their counterparts. Women, just like men and guys, are also different. Some enjoy the fun being around a guy while others enjoy the security provided by a man. Everyone has their own opinion about the differences between a guy and a man. There are no guidelines which hold you to your opinion. Summary: Guys and men are basically adult human males. They are differentiated from each other by certain traits which are not written in some book but are personal opinions of people. Boys who grow up to be less responsible and more fun; who take jobs rather than build careers, and have not yet decided to commit seriously to relationships or a career are guys; whereas, boys who grow up to become responsible and settle in life are considered to be men.

Upon vs On Upon and on are both used as prepositions. Prepositions are used to express the relationship of a noun and a pronoun in the sentence with another word. They can be used interchangeably in many cases. But in particular cases like once upon a time, on cannot be used. Upon is considered to be more formal than on, and they do have some differences in their usages. Upon The preposition upon has many usages and meanings; some meanings and usages are: Upon means up and on, for example; The boy mounted upon his horse and was glad. Someone or something in an elevated position, for example; There were banners of the empire upon every sailing ship. In contact with, approximately or completely, for example; Christmas is upon us, and I need to buy gifts for the whole family.

The attackers were upon the soldiers, and they were waiting for backup. Immediately after, for example; He began exercising upon his surgery and got healthier faster. On the occasion of, for example; She was charmed upon seeing her friends gather together on Thanksgiving. It is used for euphoric reasons, sometimes it is used for a specific use for on, for example; The soldiers swore upon their lives to protect the nation. The preposition on has many usages; some meanings and usages are: It is used to show the position above which is in contact with or supported by, for example; The glass is on the table. It shows contact with, for example; A pimple on her face. It shows location or proximity, for example; The house is on the main road. Suspension from or attachment to, for example; Pearls on a silver string. It shows motion against, towards, or onto; it can show abstract motion or a specific motion, for example; Jumping on the bed. Going on two oclock. To show an event at a given time, for example; On the 1st of January. At the cost of, for example; The drinks are on him. With, for example; I have no money on me. Concerning, for example; We have some information on her. It shows repetition, for example; He went on and on. Belonging to, for example; A teacher on the school staff. To express a process of, for example; On the way, or on duty. Means of conveyance, for example; He rode on a train. To show the source of, for example; The motor vehicles run on gasoline. To show taking a corrective action routinely, for example; He is on a protein diet. Used to show an object affected by some action, for example; She knocked on the door. Have mercy on them. Summary: On and upon are used almost similarly, but there are some differences which have been explained with the help of examples. All of the differences cannot be listed as there are many.

Modify vs Change Modify and change are English words which are used as verbs in the English language. They are also used in software languages as terms for modifying some program or changing some program. Their basic meaning remains the same as in the English language, but the method of modifying and changing a software program is different from each other. In this article we will find out the difference in the meaning of the verbs modify and change. In general, change is when a whole thing needs to be replaced by something else, and modify means when we have to make a few adjustments to the existing thing to make it better and slightly different from its previous state. Let us understand more with the help of dictionary meanings and definitions. Modify Modify used as a transitive verb Modify can be defined as: to change certain things like an opinion, a plan, behavior, or a law slightly in order to improve it, make it better and more acceptable. Modify means moderate, less extreme. In grammatical construction, to restrict or to limit. To change by umlaut, meaning to change a vowel. To make minor or small changes. To make a fundamental change in order to serve a new purpose. Like the trunk of an elephant is a modified nose. Modify used as an intransitive verb To undergo some change. Change Change used as a transitive verb Change can be defined as: to make the content, form, nature, or future course different from what it would be or from what it is if left alone. To convert or transform. To exchange or substitute with another. Interchange. To transfer from one to another. To get smaller money in exchange for a bigger bill. To exchange foreign money. To replace and remove the covering of. Change used as an intransitive verb

Become different. To become modified or altered. To be converted into. To gradually pass into. To make an exchange. To transfer between two different conveyances. To change clothes. From one phase to another. The voice becoming deeper. Summary: 1.Modify is defined as change in things like an opinion, a plan, behavior, or a law slightly in order to improve it, make it better and more acceptable. While change can be defined as making the content, form, nature or future course different from what it would be or from what it is if left alone. 2.Modify and change are also used in software programming, and the methods of changing and modifying programs are different.

Would Have vs Would Of Language is known to be fluid and ever-changing. The dictionary gets updated every year, and new words keep on adding up to the universal vocabulary. The words may come from the modification of the native tongue influenced by globalization and the exchange of culture between races. Most of the time, however, the formulation of the terms rises from the need to develop slang for more colorful communication among groups who prefer to converse with their own exclusive language. Historically, there are a lot of words included in the Websters Dictionary that have developed from the wrong usage in grammar, which in time became acceptable because of their popularity. More often than not, these words result from the combination of already-existing terms and slang. The word would is not spared from this hype. Would is generally used to refer to a possibility of a particular activity, action, or ability, such as If I were a billionaire, I would donate my riches to charities. The term is also used in tag questions: You would have saved me, wouldnt you? Have is usually the word that follows would when one tries to express a possibility as in I would have traveled to France had I not been promoted. Then again, most people often mistake would have with would of. The latter is a common grammatical error to start with. Would of cannot be used because would is a modal. Meaning, would is used to give judgment, interpretations, and likelihood. It is an auxiliary verb that should be combined with another verb to indicate mood or tense.

Thus, combining would and of would simply be problematic as of is a preposition and cannot be used with modals. From various accounts from websites, grammarians have come up with an explanation of the usage of would of. Some see it as a slang of would have. After all, would have and would of would sound alike during spoken or verbal communication. Judging from various write-ups and transcripts of conversation that the grammarians used to study this trend, it is clear that most people use would of instead of would have in referring to likelihoods due to an accented pronunciation. Have may be heard as uv which may translate to the other person interpreting it as of. Despite the wide usage of would of, nonetheless, grammarians refuse to have the phrase accepted in the convention of language as the combination break the rules of modal verb tie-up. Would have, on the other hand, is the correct form of it as have may also be used to express condition and possibility. To make things clearer, one must know when to use would and of. In the English language, would is used when: Stating a past action: I would play after school when I was three. Expressing refusal: He would not lend me the book. Referring to condition: If I finish early, I would join you for dinner. Picturing impossibility: I would like to be the next President of the United States. Of, being a preposition, on the other hand, takes the following functions: Indicating a point of reckoning: North of the U.S. Indicating origin: Woman of noble birth. Referring to motives or reason: Died of anemia. Indicating components/materials: A cup of water. Relating to or giving respect to a reference: Stories of travel. From these lists of usage for both would and of, anyone can see that using the two words together would make for an awkward sentence construction. For example, saying I would of given you all of my heart would not make sense. Would have, on the other hand, would be more proper as have is a verb which can function as a supplement to any modal. Summary: 1.Would of is grammatically incorrect; would have is the proper way to express possibility, conditions, or likelihood. 2.Would of is a result of slang and incorrect pronunciation of people; would have is part of formal English. 3.Would of is a combination of a modal and a preposition which, in theory, gives an awkward sentence construction. 4.Would have, on the other hand, consists of an auxiliary verb and a regular verb that can complement each other.

Hope vs Wish Wishes are for genies. Hopes are for the dreamers. Easy for most people to say; hard for some to understand. Most people are often confused on the proper usage of the words hope and wish as they speak of things they would like or not like to happen. Some wish to have wings while others hope to be successful in business. Some wish to see a real genie while some hope to pass the board exam. These being said, the differences between the two words can be easily inferred. According to the Websters Dictionary, the term wish can be defined as a term that refers to a desire or point to something that one longs to have. It is usually followed by an infinitive or a clause such as in the example, I wish to travel tomorrow. Hope, on the other hand, is used in a conversation conveying a possibility or an event that one looks forward to. The difference between hope and wish can be drawn in the sense of hope being backed by a reasonable confidence about the desire. Hope is also used to refer to something positive and doable. Simply put, the main difference between the two lies on the probability or likelihood of a persons desires. We wish when something is unlikely or impossible to be carried out. We hope for things that are possible and take on a huge potential to happen. Wish is used during desperate events (i.e. One has a deep wanting for a subject with a slim chance of possibility.) It is also often used when expressing a desire coupled with a clear sarcasm. Hope, on the other hand, is used when one is confident that the events are highly possible to turn out. Take these two sentences, for example: John wishes he could pass the exam and John hopes he passes the exam. In the first sentence, John has this impossible desire to pass the exam, but he doesnt think he could. Meaning hes hopeless so he wishes. On the other hand, the second sentence implies that John thinks it is likely for him to pass the exam, but there are still some chances of failing it so he hopes for his success. Formulating sentences with the words wish and hope also take on different rules depending on the forms of the verb used in the sentences. When making a wish, one should use the past tense of the verb: I wish I belonged in the top ten of my class. (But I do not.) Most parents wish they had genius kids. (But they do not.) When making a wish about the past, use the past perfect tense of the verb:

Mary wishes she had spent more time studying rather than chatting with her boyfriend. (But she did not.) I wish I had learned to drive early. (But I did not.) Using hope, on the other hand, requires the use of the usual sequence of tense rules when referring to the future while taking a past or present perspective. Most frequently, the verb hope and the verb in the noun clause are in simple present tense. I hope he wins. / I hope he will win. My family hopes you come back. / My family hopes you will come back. (soon can also be used My family hopes youll come back soon.) Aarons little sister hopes she becomes like her big brother when she grows up. Simply put, wish should be used when referring to an impossibility or to a desire with little chances of coming true. Hope should be used in a sentence that implies a longing for things or events that are highly probable to happen. Summary: 1.Both hope and wish are used to express longing and desire. 2.Using wish is more proper when referring to impossible events while hope comes with reasonable confidence. 3.The verb tenses used in a sentence with wish take on different rules based on perspective. Using hope, on the other hand, generally follows the simple tense of the verb.

Era vs Period In order to talk more easily about the past and the significant things that have happened during the early days of mankind, and also to have a clear understanding of history, time is divided into blocks called periods. It helps people understand events in sequence. Providing a series of events or periods with a specific name and characteristic enables historians and individuals to have a systematic, easy-to-understand, and clear vision of what happened in the past and the circumstances surrounding the events. The term period comes from the Greek word periodos which means going around or cycle of time. It was incorporated into the English language from the Old French periode. It is an interval of time which manifests a definite phase of development. A period is defined as a large interval of time which has a specific characteristic and is important in history and the life of man. Without periods, history can be confusing. It is categorized according to history, cosmology, and geology. It can be prehistorical such as the Stone Age, Copper Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. It can also be

historical such as a countrys historical period like the Chinese dynasties. The cosmological periods start at the beginning of the universe up to the formation of the Earth, and the geological periods start at the formation of the Earth up to the present. Geological time periods are governed by the Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points. Some geographical periods are called eons, epochs, ages, and eras. An era is a long period of time which is marked by the beginning and end of a significant event. In most of Asia, an era marks the period of each emperor or kings reign. The Christian calendar era or Anno Domini refers to the time when Jesus Christ was born. The Roman, Elizabethan, Soviet, and Victorian eras mark significant political time periods. The term era comes from the Latin words aera and eera which means counters used for calculation. In English usage it means the starting point of an age or historical period. Eras can be long such as those concerned with history, or they can be short such as those used to refer to artistic or musical styles like the Disco era or the Classical, Baroque, and Romantic eras. Summary: 1.A period is a large interval of time with a definite characteristic while an era is a long period of time marking the start and end of an important event. 2.The word period comes from the Greek word periodos which means cycle of time while era comes from the Latin word aera which means counters for calculation. 3.While both words are sometimes used interchangeably, a period is shorter than an era although in recent times short blocks of time have also been called eras. 4.An era refers to a specific time period while a period may be used to refer to events that do not have any specific era or exact dates.

Garbage vs Trash Americans are the biggest producers of waste in the whole world. They are considered to be on the top of the list when it comes to throwing waste in one day. These wastes which are removed from the households are called garbage or trash in general language but very few of us know that garbage and trash are actually two different terms meant for two different types of wastes. Garbage Garbage is the refuse which comes from the bathroom and kitchen. It is basically organic waste, clothing, food waste, food containers, paper products etc. It is picked up by different organizations like City sanitation Department or the Waste Control Department. All the household garbage and the paper products after getting picked are sent to the Waste-to-Energy Facility. Trash Trash is the waste which comes from anywhere but the bathroom and kitchen. It could be old furniture, leaves, twigs, grass clippings, junk and other products which might come under the category of

hazardous household waste. The trash is picked up by different authorities of the city like the city itself and sometimes contractors are hired by Countys Commissioners office. Trash after getting picked up is sent either to the Waste-to-Energy facility or landfills. Wastes like small burnable things, passenger tires etc. are sent to the Waste-to-Energy facility and items like furniture, cabinets, shingles, tree limbs, stumps, bush, appliances and construction debris and debris due to demolition are sent to the landfill. The city does not pick up trash like paint and paint products, antifreeze, garden and lawn poisons, motor oils, , cleaners, automotive fluids, solvents, batteries, fluorescent lights, butane, acids, dead animals and infectious materials which are considered Household hazardous wastes and should be personally taken to facilities for Household hazardous waste. The city also doesnt pick up waste generated by contractors. Wastes like sheet rock, wood pallets, wallboards, roofing, pipes, building metals, soil, stone, wiring etc. All these wastes come in the category of trash and have to be sold to the landfills. Landfills have days and timings when one can take the waste and sell at a particular price. The authorities have the sole right to determine the charges for the waste and the right to send the waste to appropriate disposal facilities. Summary 1.Garbage is refuse which comes from the bathroom and kitchen of a house like organic waste, clothes, paper products etc.; whereas trash is all the other waste which does not come from bathroom and kitchen like furniture, junk, garden and lawn trash, household hazardous waste etc. 2.Garbage is picked up by authorities like City sanitation Department and Waste control Department; whereas, trash is picked up by the city or sometimes contactors are hired by Countys Commissioners office. 3.Garbage being mostly organic is always picked up by garbage trucks but trash generated by contactors or household hazardous waste needs to be disposed of personally by taking then to appropriate waste management facilities.

Global vs International Countries are sovereign states that have definite geographical regions and have distinct cultures, languages, and people. They are politically organized and are distinct and separate from each other. They do interact with each other through trade and other activities either on an international level or a global level. The word global is an adjective which means concerning the entire earth and not just one or two regions. It is synonymous to worldwide and universal, and it also means unlimited, unbounded, general, and comprehensive. In recent years, world economic order has been transformed into one that has a global scope. This

means an integration of the economies of the various countries of the world with the intention of increasing material wealth through competition and specialization. When economies go global, there is free trade, migration, and technological, political, military, and socio-cultural interaction and sharing between nations. Global means the integration of different nations as a single unit. When a company goes global, it means that they have branches and offices in many countries, and their products are distributed worldwide. They have investments in the different countries where their products are sold. It is not only experienced in economics and trade but also in environmental concerns and other relevant issues. Global issues are those that concern and affect the world as a whole and, as such, must be resolved not just by one nation but all nations of the world. The word international, on the other hand, is an adjective which means concerning two or more nations. Although it is also used as an analog to the words foreign or foreigner, it is more commonly known as a term that refers to concerns that affect not one but two or more countries. It means the interaction between countries regardless of national boundaries. It affects only the countries that are involved. International trade is one that involves only two or more countries wherein companies import or export the others products. They dont hold any investments in each others countries. It is of a smaller scale than global. So a country might have an international issue with another, and it concerns only both of them. International is not only used in trade and commerce, but there are also international laws, languages, and issues. Summary: 1.Global is a word that is used to refer to issues and concerns of the entire world while international is a term that is used to refer to issues and concerns of two or more countries. 2.International has a smaller scope encompassing only two or more countries while global has a much larger scope which includes the whole world. 3.Although they are sometimes used in lieu of each other, global means all-encompassing and worldwide while international means foreign or multinational. 4.Global companies have offices and branches as well as investments in other countries while international companies export their products and import the products of the country with which they have international trade relations but hold no investments in each others economies.

ractice vs Rehearsal Many people often get confused with practice and rehearsal. Although, these two terms have a long-time relationship, there is quite a difference between these two terms.

Practice Practice is done with the freedom of perfection. Actually, perfection comes from regular practice. Like it is said Practice makes a man perfect. Practice is usually done regularly until the final optimum result is achieved. It is done over and over in order to gain total perfection in it. It can be performed alone, with a bunch of people around, or other members or partners. A person can do it at home, in a park, and even in a car. Practice can be done at any time. For instance, playing a guitar in a proper way takes lots of practice. One could have to play a single chord series again and again in order to master it. Solving trigonometric questions is also a practice form to conquer over the subject. Rehearsal Unlike practice, a rehearsal is done before the official public performance or actual play starts. Constant practice leads to rehearsals, but a rehearsal is not the final outcome of practice. In a rehearsal, one ensures all the important things are in mind as if it was the original performance. The person ensures all details of the performance to be ready and coordinated to make a serious impact on the audience. It is usually done a day or two before the actual presentation. The place of rehearsal is usually the same place where the actual performance has to be done. It is done a few times but with all the concentration on the topic and a coordinated mind. For example, in a rock performance, a band rehearses on the same stage a few days before the actual show. They will mark the performance at their best and ensure there are no flaws at all. The same implies for any other public event like plays and speeches. In plays, various individual rehearsals are organized as a music rehearsal, dress rehearsal, and act rehearsal. These all are done differently to prevent any mix-up flaws in the act. Summary: 1.Practice is a constant act to improve the skills for any specific aim whereas a rehearsal is the initial preparation for a performance in front of an audience. 2.Practice can have flaws whereas a rehearsal is not supposed to have any imperfections associated with it. 3.In a practice session, a person is free to express any emotion or make changes while in a rehearsal, one is restricted to a perfect coordinated and unconcealed mind. 4.Practice is done to gain perfection over a specific trait while a rehearsal is done to ensure that the performance in the upcoming event goes smoothly. 5.Practice takes quite a lot of time while a rehearsal is done just a few days before the actual act. 6.Practice is a personal event while a rehearsal is a group event. 7.Practice may be done in bits and pieces whereas a rehearsal is made as a complete, finished product.

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Say vs Tell There is not much difference in the meanings of say and tell. But when we look at the usages of these two words, they are different from each other and cannot be used interchangeably. Usages of say in the English language When we need to report something, we use say. For example, She said, I am going to the market. Here one person is reporting about the whereabouts of, and what the other person said, to the third person. Another way of reporting this information would be; She said she was going to the market. The reporting could be about a persons questions, a persons answers, and many different things. For example, She said, Why was he taking so long to walk to the market? He is taking the longer route. One is a question and one is an answer, but both things are being told or reported to a third person. When say is used, the person who is told the information is not mentioned. Meaning the person to whom we are reporting is not mentioned. For example, He said he will meet in the evening. Here it is not mentioned to whom the person said that he will be meeting in the evening; it is understood. If that person is mentioned, then we have to use to in front of the person who is told. For example, He said to me that he will meet in the evening. Here it is specifically mentioned whom he reported to. Say is used to inquire about the usages of languages. For example, How do you say please in French? The answer to this will start as, We say Say is used before words like a name, a word, a sentence. For example, If you say a word about this to anyone, you will be in trouble. Usages of tell in the English language When we need to instruct or inform somebody, we use tell. For example, Tell him I went to the market. Here, one person is instructing the other person to inform the third person about his/her whereabouts. Another way tell is used is when information is required, for example, Could you please tell me the way to the market? Tell is used before the person told the information. For example, Did she tell you she was going to market? Here, the third person is asking the first personyou about the second personshe. Tell is followed by the person who is asked. Tell is also used for the purpose of narration. For example, She is very good at telling horror stories. We also use tell when we tell the time, tell stories, tell the truth, tell lies, tell the differences, etc. Summary: 1.Say is used to report. It could be simple reporting or in the form of a question or answer whereas tell is used for informing and instructing. 2.Say is used without mentioning the person who is told, but if that person is mentioned, then to is used after say. 3.Tell is followed by the person who is told. 4.Say is used to ask about languages; tell is used for narration.

Drug vs Medicine The terms drug and medicine are often mistakenly used as two similar terms. However, in the strictest sense, the two have different meanings or definitions, and they can serve different purposes. It is just the government or the law that dictates that these two have a thin line of separation. It is not the dictionary that gives their distinct definitions but the terms of its legality and social perception. As defined by law, medicines have fairly negligible toxicities while drugs are habit-forming substances that may lead to some serious adverse effects even though it is still initially used to cure diseases. The term drug nowadays is linked more to specific kinds of medications including: stimulants, hallucinogens, and narcotics. With this, it is safe to say that drugs are those substances that have some form of stimulating effect and have the potential for addiction when used in an abusive way. Some of these drugs are very easy to administer like adding them to your regular drink. Using these kinds of substances is also therapeutic to some extent. Drug is taken from the French term drogue. It is a substance that can induce whats called a form of stupefaction because it stupefies ones line of thought and state of mental well-being. This is the reason why those taking drugs in an uncontrolled manner are called drug addicts. They take in these substances regularly. A person who sells illegally addictive drugs is known as a drug peddler. On the other hand, medicine is recognized as any preparation that is meant for treating or preventing illnesses. In the past, this term is limited only to the preparations administered orally. Nowadays, it has taken on a broader scope. In another sense, medicine is a field of study that is concerned about the clinical assessment, making medical diagnoses, treating diseases, as well as preventing the occurrence of such. Professionals whove graduated in the field of medicine and whove officially passed the medical board exam are called M.D.s (medical doctor) or physician. This person is an expert in prescribing and administering the right kind of medications to the ailing patient. Contrary to drugs, medicine in general is something that wont lead to addiction. Thus, it doesnt stupefy the mind. The term is actually of Latin origin medicina. Summary: 1.Drugs can stupefy the mind unlike medicines. 2.Drugs have a potential of addiction while medicines (in the general sense) dont lead to such. 3.The term drugs (either for therapeutic or non-therapeutic purposes) is nowadays thought to have a more negative connotation. 4.Drugs are substances that can still cure diseases to some extent but can have severe adverse effects if used more than whats necessary. 5.Medicine can be a field of study whose graduates are called physicians or M.D.s.

Tides vs Waves Waves and tides are easily confused with each other since these two naturally occurring events are used interchangeably by many people. Actually, you cant blame them because waves and tides share similar characteristics. Thus, to the uninformed, the two will appear the same especially without knowing thescientific theory behind the two phenomena. To begin, tides are the elevation and fall of huge amounts of water. The cause of such is the different interaction of gravitational forces exerted between the moon, the Earth and, to some degree, the sun. By contrast, waves are simply the effects of powerful winds raging on oceanic surfaces and even on some other bodies of water like lakes. The cause for the rise and fall of water is probably the single most important difference that the two have. It is also interesting to know that in a single day, the ocean normally witnesses a series of two low tides and two high tides. During a full moon or a new moon, a spring tide (a very strong tide) will occur because of the alignment of the planet to the sun and moon. A neap tide (the weak tide) happens when the lunar and solar gravitational forces are perpendicular to each other. This phenomenon is evident during a quarter moon. Waves are usually smaller ripples of water that still have the potential to become huge depending on many other factors. Whenever waves are generated by the wind on the ocean surface, this is called an ocean surface wave. Under normal circumstances, the wind will have a hard time making a noticeable effect on a perfectly calm and quiet sea. But as it starts to slide over the water surface, the sea will already exhibit motion. In this connection, waves are formed when a combination of wind and water variables interact. These variables include: the speed of the wind, the distance of the area where the wind slides, duration of the blowing of the wind, how deep the body of water is, and also the total lateral distance influenced by the fetch. In simple terms, the stronger the wind is and the longer the wind blows, the bigger the waves will be. On the contrary, tides are made by a rising sea level and then water has risen to its highest elevation (reaching high tide) by the action of heavenly gravitational forces for an extended period of time (usually several hours). When the sea level starts to drop for several hours, water appears not to fall thus attaining low tide. Summary: 1.Tides are formed because of the interaction of the gravitational forces between the Earth, the moon, and the sun. 2.Waves are formed because of the gusting or raging force exerted by the wind on the water surface. 3.Tides are usually generated at the deep oceanic regions while waves are usually seen at shallower

areas of the sea. 4.Tides are made by the rising and falling sea levels with the action of gravity while waves are formed when several factors relating to the wind and water interact with each other.

Juice vs Syrup Many have tried using the words syrup and juice interchangeably. However, this shouldnt be done. Juice is very different from syrup. To begin with, juice is the extracted fluid from the pulp of the fruit. So when you mechanically crush the pulp, youll end up having the juice. Derived from the Latin term jus, juice is literally the liquid component of fruits and vegetables. By contrast, syrups are usually thicker and more viscous than juices. Dissolved sugars comprise a big percentage in syrups composition. In fact, it is a preparation made when you dissolve sugar using boiling water. One can also dissolve natural juices like maple and sorghum juices to create syrups. Syrups are artificial, sweet liquid preparations while juice is a more natural liquid coming from fruits or vegetables. However, if you examine thoroughly the components of the juice, you might be surprised that it is still composed of many natural sugars. This is the reason why most juices come as sweet liquid drinks. On top of that, juices contain many health-giving nutrients from the original fruit or vegetable it was taken from. The only downside is that the fiber in the fruit is usually not included in the juice. In making syrups, you need to put in the mixture some additional sugars and artificial sweeteners. The liquids coming from preserved fruits are also syrups. This means that syrups are like processed juices. In this connection, they generally last longer compared to ordinary juices which will easily go to waste if not used. However, the advantage of having a longer shelf life (most likely because of the addition of preservatives) doesnt really win the battle of consumer choice since most processed syrups lack the essential nutrients that are normally present in juices. Nevertheless, syrup manufacturers can easily add artificial nutrients to beef up the health content of their products. Lastly, some syrups are now made sugar-free. This is done by incorporating sugar substitutes such as glycerol and sorbitol to take the place of ordinary sugars. Summary: 1.Juice is the liquid extracted from the pulp of the fruit or vegetable; no heat is involved in the process. 2.Syrup is made by placing sugar into boiling water thereby dissolving it. The process usually involves heat. 3.Syrups are usually more viscous that natural juices due to the presence of dissolved sugars. 4.Juice is a more natural preparation that contains most of the original nutrients coming from the fruit or vegetable it was taken from. Syrups are more artificial in nature.

Spit-up and Vomit Vomiting and spitting up are two difference things. When your child vomits, you can really see a forceful expulsion of gastric (stomach) contents using the mouth as the exit point. It takes place when there is vigorous contraction of both the diaphragm and abdominal muscles in which the stomach is in a relaxed state. This occurrence is actually the result of stimulating the brains vomiting center, known as the medulla oblongata. This brain structure can be triggered by many factors like: (1) the presence of harmful chemicals in the circulating blood, (2) obnoxious smells, bright lights, and other disturbing sceneries, (3) middle ear stimulus as in the case of motion sickness, and also (4) GI (gastrointestinal) tract irritation probably due to blockage or inflammation. When your child vomits persistently, it is just right to contact your pediatrician as this maybe something very serious. Common among younger infants, spit-up is different because it is just the smooth flow of gastric contents from the babys mouth. Spit-up occurs frequently during your infants initial few months in life. As such, ingested breast milk is slowly ejected back from your babys mouth most especially after being fed. This is plainly the result of the infants immature GI tract resulting in the irregular movement of food from the stomach to the upper GI tract (esophagus and then mouth). Spit-up can occur because the infant may have drunk too much liquid or milk than what his stomach can normally hold. Another reason is when he drinks too fast, like when he is being bottle fed with a largebore nipple, and also the unconscious swallowing of too much air from the feeding activity. This is the reason why you need to burp your infant every now and then particularly after feeding time. As mentioned, spit-up can be thwarted if the infant is correctly burped regularly after his meals. It may also be considered as just a part of the infants normal growth and development. It is never in any way pathologic unless it occurs very frequently. It doesnt cause the infant to become dehydrated or lose weight. Under normal circumstances, spitting up will just resolve before the end of infancy (before 12 months of age). Summary: 1.Vomiting is the forceful ejection of gastric contents from the stomach towards the mouth and then out whereas spit-up is a slower and smoother expulsion of fluids from the mouth. 2.Vomiting causes discomfort and pain to the infant. The vomitus (material thrown out from the mouth) is usually of large quantities as well. In spit-up, the baby may just spit up a tablespoon of liquid more or less. 3.Vomiting is usually attributed to pathologic causes while spit-up is just part of the infants normal growth and development. 4.Vomiting (especially if persistent) is a cause for alarm as opposed to ordinary spit-up.

Horror vs Thriller A thriller and a horror movie are very related. Both produce almost similar results unto their respective viewers as their movie genres cause viewers to grab the edges of their seats! This is also the reason why many moviegoers are easily confused with these two distinct movie genres. And whenever they become scared or nervous by watching a certain movie, they almost always associate the genre as both horror and suspense making the two terms synonymous. Unfortunately, this shouldnt be the case. The two genres actually speak for themselves in terms of the purpose they were created. For thriller movies, this genre was created so as to thrill the viewers. Thats why thrillers easily make their viewers sit at the edge of their seats but not to the point of making them shake on them. By contrast, horror films are designed to horrify their viewers. It literally makes you shout, scream, or even jump from your seats. Although Hollywood has blurred the gap between a thriller and a horror movie, still the former usually carries more suspense. At the end, thriller films give more ways for viewers to discuss the events that transpired in the movie. A horror film just makes this improbable as it will leave you spooked and horrified after leaving the movie house. Another point of comparison is the plot. Often viewers expect thriller films to bear the greater substance and have a better plot. This does not come as a surprise as many thrillers today are modern adaptations of best-selling suspense novels. There are lots of twists in thriller movies as well. Usually, you are left to guess the antagonist from start to end. On the contrary, most horror films are basically predictable. Youll immediately have an idea of whats going to happen next. Thrillers also have that peculiar characteristic of highlighting the stories of serial killers and stalkers who, in the end, become dead. This genre actually presents a more practical and realistic setup. Horror films differ because the theme deviates from reality. The antagonists can literally come back from the dead. Oftentimes, the horror genre embraces more supernatural elements than thrillers. It has more gore, and there are more gruesome casualties involved. Summary: 1.Thrillers are meant to thrill while horror films are meant to horrify the viewers. 2.Thrillers are predominantly witty, usually twisted, and contain better plots while horror films are, more often than not, predictable. 3.Horror films are often less practical and less realistic than thrillers. 4.Horror films usually have more supernatural elements than thrillers.

Diction vs Tone Diction and tone can be simply differentiated in general terms as the way or style of speech of a person and the different pitches expressed due to the different emotions being experienced by him during speaking. Diction Primarily, diction is referred to in two different ways. The first one refers to the distinctive style of speech or expression of a person in speaking or writing. It includes the vocabulary and the choice of words used by a person while reading or writing. The second use refers to the way a person pronounces words, the tone used, and the way he pauses, etc., while speaking. It is more related to a persons speech than the way of writing. Diction has eight different elements; verb, noun, phoneme, syllable, connective, inflection, conjunction, and utterance. Diction is very important in speech as it can define whether the speech or way of writing is informal or formal. Diction is usually the signature of a writer or orator. It becomes like the unique fingerprint, one page of a particular writers work with which one is able to identify the writer. It also sets the standard or quality of their writing. Tone Tone is the way in which a writer or speaker communicates the attitude for or feelings of a character he is writing about or speaking about. It also refers to the pitch used in a language. There are many languages, like Mandarin, which utilize many different tones. In these languages the different tones of the same word changes the meaning. These are called tonal languages. Some tonal languages are Somali and Japanese. Somali has just one tone per word. Similarly, Japanese is also considered a tonal language because of the low and high pitches or tones. In other modern languages, tones are used to emphasize a particular mood. If someone is angry, sad, in pain, or happy, the tone of the person used is different. The same sentence spoken can mean something else when one is in pain or one is happy. Summary: Diction has two different uses. The distinctive style used by a writer or speaker is called diction. It includes vocabulary and the choice of words used to express emotions. The second use is the way the words are pronounced, the tone of the person, and the way he pauses while talking. Tone, however, refers to the pitch of the person. It is the way in which the writer communicates the feelings or attitudes of a character. Some languages are called tonal languages which have different tones of the same word and it changes its meaning. However, diction never changes the meaning of the word no matter how it is spoken. The diction of a particular writer is like his fingerprint or signature which is unique whereas tone is general. it cannot be unique to a person. It is only unique to a language.

Zero vs Nothing The differences between zero and nothing are critical. Many civilizations could not solve tricky calculations due to their ignorance towards the magical figure of zero. Zero is considered to be a number while nothing is considered to be an empty or null set. Zero has a numeric value of 0. Zero is a numerical digit as well as a number and is used to denote that number in numerical values. It has a vital role in all branches of science and mathematics as identification of real numbers, integers, and other algebraic formations. In the place value system, it is used as a placeholder. A zero placed after a number increases its value. However, nothing is only a concept depicting a void or absence of anything relevant. It does not have any value. The difference between zero and nothing may be clarified using an example. Imagine there are two students A and B in a class. In a mathematics examination of 100 points, A is the student who attends class and appeared for the examination, and B is the student who neither attended the class nor appeared for the examination. The fact that B got zero points is irrelevant and means nothing while zero for A means an actual zero. Another vital difference is that zero has a measurable beginning or a measurable end while nothing does not has any beginning or end. Zero is a relative term while the absence of anything measurable is reflected in nothing. This difference between zero and nothing may also be explained using the set theory. A set may be described as a collection of objects. As in: S = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} In this set, the numbers zero, one, two, three, four are considered as the elements of the set. The set may have subsets as the elements are numbers. It may be said that 1 is contained inside the set S. The cardinality of the set S is 5 which is the total number of elements contained inside a set. A set which has nothing inside it is called a null set or empty set. It is represented by {} or 0. However, a subset of set S {0} is not an empty set. It has a cardinality of 1. Thus it is different from the null or empty set. Considering another instance, zero is very much related to a vacuum. A vacuum is a void. It is devoid of anything but still it is something. It has zero length and breadth so it has a value equal to zero, but it is not nothing. It has its own characteristics and properties much like the integer zero. Summary: 1.Zero is a number while nothing is not. 2.Zero has its own characteristic properties while nothing has no characteristics or properties. 3.In the case of zero, at least there is a possibility of starting and ending something while in nothing there is no such possibility.

Only vs Just Only and just are both adverbs which can be used in similar ways but have very different usages. It is important to understand the difference between the two in order to avoid simple grammatical mistakes. Just Just, according to the dictionary, means precisely or exactly. For instance; This is just what I mean. In a sentence just indicates a moment ago. In other words, it may be said that just points to within a short preceding time; but a moment before. The Sun just came out of the clouds. My house is just ahead of the tree. Albert was just there. In the past tense, the use of just indicates the immediate past as not much before that moment. As in; Florence just came to the conference. The party has just started. Sometimes just is also used as a polite word. It is used to bring respect for the other person. As in; Can you tell me the answer? Can you just tell me the answer? The difference of tone in both the questions is quite noted. Here the word just doesnt have any specific meaning attached. In other instances just is simply used because only cannot be used there. For instance; Francis just called. Only The word only means recently. For instance; I finished my examinations only a month back. Here the time limit is relative. It doesnt essentially mean in the immediate time reference as is the case with just. Only also indicates a single or lone object or person. As in;

Martha is the only child to her parents. Only Paulo in the class knew the answer. In both statements above, Martha and Paulo are the sole persons on whom emphasis is laid. Martha is the sole daughter, and Paulo is the lone person who knew the answer. Sometimes only is used to give extra meaning being placed at the end of the statement. Looking at a slight variation of the last statement; Out of all questions, Paulo knew a few only. This statement has a totally opposite meaning. Here, Paulo did not know the answers, but he managed to answer a few of them. Besides the above-mentioned examples, there are many instances where just and only could be used interchangeably. For instance; It took just a moment to break the relationship. It took only a moment to break the relationship. Here just and only imply similar meanings. In another example; I just came to talk to you. I only came to talk to you. In this case, both are similar but only gives a formal touch while just is a bit informal in usage. Summary: 1.The word just means a moment ago while only has a relatively recent meaning. 2.Just provides an informal tone while only implies a formal tone to the conversation. 3.Only also means single or alone while just has no such meaning.

Sex vs Gender It is very important to understand the difference between gender and sex because it helps explain issues regarding sexual norms, values, and other theories better. Unfortunately, many have embraced these two terms as one and the same. But in its original sense, this shouldnt be the case. Foremost, sex is a term thats determined by biological description and physical anatomy. With this, one can think about the differences in the genitals, the presence of excessive body or facial hair, body composition, and also the physical structure itself. As a biologically determined factor, sex is not influenced by the culture. On the contrary, gender is something that is determined by ones learned behaviors, social factors, and even cultural affiliation. As such, gender can be understood by observing ones social exchanges (i.e. the way he or she talks to others), family values, and peer influences that shape gender affiliation and gender identity.

Gender seems to be the most superficial term as opposed to sex. It is because one can readily challenge their original sexual orientation by how he or she is gender identified. This means that if a male individual thinks of himself as a female being, he can have similar sexual desires like ordinary women. He may even come to a point wherein he wants to undergo a sex change procedure. This clearly shows that the two terms gender and sex are completely disparate from each other. However, even if the physical makeup of the body can be changed today, sex is still considered as a static attribute. So when you were born to be a man, then you are a man until you die. This shows that sex cant be nurtured unlike gender. Gender is also ordinarily prescribed by ones culture. For example, in most cultures worldwide, boys are expected to play with their toy robots while girls are to play with their lovely Barbie dolls. This is practically stereotypical and even contradicting to feminists but still embraced to be true in most cases. Summary: 1.Sex is biologically defined. You are either a boy or a girl (man or woman). 2.Sex is determined by virtue of ones physical anatomy. It is determined by your hormonal characteristics, chromosomes, and sexual organs. 3.Gender is socially determined like being masculine or feminine. 4.Gender is influenced by ones culture. It can vary across different societies unlike sex which is true to all societies.

Assure vs Ensure If you want to make something more certain to someone or something, then most likely youll say sentences with the words assure and ensure. At first glance, the two words may actually be one and the same thing, most especially because they sound almost alike and are also spelled somewhat similarly. Nonetheless, these two verbs signify that youd want to make something more secure for somebody. The other problem is when the other verb insure comes in the way thus adding to the confusion. All in all, these words are actually of Latin origin from the word secure which literally means safe. Frankly speaking, knowing how or when to use assure and ensure is pretty easy. One will learn faster through examples. In a situation wherein a student who has been absent yesterday because of sickness takes a makeup exam today, and here comes his friend who wanted to give him some boost of confidence so as not to make him worry that much, so the friend will most likely say, You should not worry about your makeup exam in science. I assure you,its very simple! The verb assure is the most appropriate word to use because it highlights the removal of suspense and doubt from ones thought. In a more popular sense, this verb has been interpreted as a form of giving promises to promise. When one uses the verb assure, he or she also tries to convince the other party.

Moreover, it has been observed that assure is commonly used for people while ensure is for other situations except guarantees in the form of insurance and money as the latter make use of the verb insure. Aside from people, assure is also used for animals and other things that seem to be alive. By contrast, ensure guarantees (not people or animals) conditions or events like to ensure enough jobs, ensure food, and other similar matters. A good example is, The government must now move to ensure that the citizens of the country will enjoy better chances of getting a job compared to the incoming foreign aliens. In another sentence, I was not able to insure my brand new car yet. Here, the verb insure is used because the act involves taking the necessary steps in advance as in the case of getting an insurance policy to provide security for your asset. Assure and ensure can never be used in lieu of insure. Summary: 1.Assure is the verb used to give more confidence to another person by sort of making a promise. 2.Ensure is the verb used to give a guarantee of conditions and events. 3.There is greater convincing involved in assuring than in ensuring. 4.Ensure is just making sure or making certain.

Father vs Dad The words father and dad are more than just plain words. Although both are technically the same, the truth is, there are many very important differences between the two as exemplified in their roles of what being a father and being a dad mean. Determining whether one is a dad and not just a father can be accomplished by not only looking at that person as he is, but looking at him with his immediate surroundings (family, friends, and other significant others). If your family already considers you as a responsible dad, the chances are you also know what being a father is. Also, if you are the type that leaves your son at your moms house so that she can babysit him while you take the time off to go drinking with your beer buddies, then most likely youre this boys father not his dad. If you can see a child look at his father with glowing eyes, happy, and at the same time assured that everything will be okay because dad is here, then you are probably this childs dad not just a father. These circumstances give you a picture of the difference between being a father and a dad. By contrast, a father simply thinks about caring for his family per se. As long as he can pay the utility bills on time, and as long as he can readily supply food or the basic necessities for his family, then hes already good with that! If he will prioritize tasks and activities, he will consider his needs first above everyone else even his familys needs. A father is the one who easily surrenders during times of crises within the family, most especially that which involve his wife. He will call it quits and leave his kids with their mother because he thinks they will be happier without him. The truth is that he will be the one who will become happy.

And so, if you are a woman looking for a lifetime partner and already have kids for your family, then you better look for a man that is dad material not father material. Know his priorities, his feelings about having kids, his plans for your future family, and surely you will have an idea if he is capable of being a dad. Summary: 1.A father just supplies his family with the basic needs of clothing, shelter, and food. 2.A dad gives guidance to his children or family on top of supplying them with the basic necessities in life. 3.A father is someone who contributes to the physical creation of a child from whom the sperm has been obtained to fertilize the mothers ovum. 4.A dad finds satisfaction in interacting with his wife and kids more than when he succeeds in his career. He is able to demonstrate more love to them than what a father can show. 5.Its undeniably far easier or simpler to become a father than become a dad.

Seminar vs Lecture A lecture is a monologue that is delivered by a single person, usually a professor. In a seminar, it is the students who are the presenters and the professor has only a limited role. In a lecture, the professor dictates and the students take notes. In a lecture, the students have the opportunity to ask questions and clarify any questions instantly. In a seminar, the professor does not have as much of a role as he just oversees or guides the class. In a lecture, the professor lectures about the subject whereas a seminar broadens the subject. Unlike a lecture, the subjects are widely discussed in a seminar. Moreover, new ideas and theories evolve through seminars. In a lecture, the students are usually silent. But in a seminar, the students engage in discussions. Lectures are usually delivered for a larger group of students, maybe a group of 100 to 150 students. Seminars are usually small groups. Though a lecture does not involve the participation of the students, it can be sometimes interactive. For example, the students can be grouped and given different tasks on the subject. At the same time, however, a student should always gather information from the professor which means he or she should always take notes while in a lecture class. In a seminar, students should participate more in discussions rather than take notes from a professor as in a lecture class. In seminars, the students have all the freedom to say what they like. They also have the opportunity to discuss the topics at length which they do not get to do in a lecture class. A student also has the prospect of exploring more possibilities. Summary:

1.In a lecture, the professor dictates and the students take notes. In a seminar, the professor does not have as much of a role because he just oversees or guides the class. 2.Unlike a lecture, the subjects are widely discussed in a seminar. Moreover, new ideas and theories evolve through seminars. 3.In lectures, the students are usually silent. But in a seminar, the students engage in discussions. 4.A student should always gather information from the professor which means he or she should always take notes while in a lecture class. 5.In a seminar, students should participate more in discussions rather than take notes from a professor as in a lecture class. 6.Lectures are usually delivered for a larger group of students, maybe a group of 100 to 150 students. Seminars are usually small groups.

Discrimination vs Prejudice Human behavior is defined as mans reaction or response to either an external or an internal factor. It is designed in such a way that it ensures mans survival against the environment and his growth as an individual. It is influenced by such factors as emotion, ethics, culture, persuasion, and genetics. How a certain human behavior is accepted depends on each societys norms. Some types of human behavior are acceptable while others are not. Some are common and some are unusual while others can evoke controversy. Two very controversial human behaviors are discrimination and prejudice. Throughout human history, people have manifested discrimination and prejudice against certain individuals as well as against certain events, foods, and things. While both discrimination and prejudice convey a negative attitude towards someone or something and may refer to similar circumstances, they are distinct from each other. They complement each other as prejudice often leads to discrimination because discrimination is based upon prejudice. Discrimination is defined as the unfair treatment of an individual or group of people based upon favoritism and prejudice. It comes in different forms from the mild discrimination of choosing to eat certain foods over others to the more harmful discrimination against members of the opposite sex or sexism. Then there is cronyism which favors friends and associates; racism or racial discrimination which is an abusive treatment of individuals from another race; heterosexism which is discrimination against homosexual individuals and many more. Discrimination, therefore, is an individuals behavior towards certain things and people. It is the act of liking or disliking someone or something. It is reflected in an individuals speech, action, and attitude, and is considered as a representation of prejudice. Prejudice is defined as an assumption about someone or something. It refers to the act of judging people on the basis of gender, race, social class, religion, ethnicity, or sexual orientation without having enough knowledge of any facts. It is an abstract preconception towards something or someone which is biased. Taboos and partiality are common prejudices. People develop prejudices depending on the way that they are brought up and their culture and beliefs.

People manifest their prejudices in the way that they interact with other people; showing their discrimination against things even without having knowledge of any facts. Prejudice is the formation of preferences in the mind while discrimination is translating these thoughts into action. Summary: 1.Discrimination is the unfair treatment of a person or a group of people based on an individuals feelings and preferences while prejudice is an individuals assumption about something or someone. 2.Discrimination is a manifestation of prejudice or of putting prejudice into action while prejudice is an abstract preconception and is only in the mind. 3.Both prejudice and discrimination are reflected in an individuals action, speech, and attitude. While prejudice is confined to mans inner thoughts, discrimination can be very apparent. 4.Prejudice is the formation of impressions and interpretations about things and people while discrimination is the translation of these impressions and converting them into actions.

Nation vs Country Is there a difference between a nation and a country? Both terms are used interchangeably as that no one finds any difference between the two. However, one can come across a few variations when talking about a nation and a country. Nation mainly refers to a sovereign state, and the states of the United States are an example. Nation can also refer to a community or group of people who share the same history, language, descent, and a common government. Country can be defined in a geographical aspect. It can be a territory or a region of sovereign states, non-sovereign states, or a region having people having similar characteristics. The term country has been derived from Latin contra which means against or that lies against. The term nation has also been derived from Latin natio which means stock or race. However, the English word nation comes from French word nation. When talking about states and country, England, Wales, and Scotland were earlier sovereign states that were commonly referred to as countries. Nations that consist of people having a common territory and a common government but which are not sovereign states have always been a subject of controversy. These nations have always been of great security concern to the neighboring countries. Palestine is a notable example of this type of nation. Generally, a country is so-called when it has membership with the United Nations. However, there are certain exceptions as in the case of the Vatican. Though the Vatican is not a member of the United Nations, it is called a country. Though the United Kingdom is a member of the United Nations, the countries of Scotland, England, and Wales are not members of the U.N. In this sense, U.K. is a country and the others are not countries. Summary:

1.Nation mainly refers to a sovereign state, and the states of the United States are an example. 2.Country can be defined in a geographical aspect. It can be a territory or a region of sovereign states, non-sovereign states, or a region having people having similar characteristics. 3.Nation can also refer to a community or group of people who share the same history, language, descent, and a common government. 4.The term country has been derived from Latin contra which means against or that lies against. The term nation has also been derived from Latin natio which means stock or race. However, the English word nation comes from French word nation.

Faculty vs Staff Literacy has always been viewed as essential in ushering a country towards progress. It involves the ability of a person to use the spoken and written language, the understanding and use of numbers, the expression of ideas, the solving of problems, and the application of these abilities in his day-to-day life. It is taught in schools where students are introduced to different subjects under the guidance of teachers. Schools are formal educational institutions wherein students are taught starting at the lowest level when they are still very young and progress through secondary education and on to higher education. It employs not only teachers but also other people who help maintain and keep it orderly and organized. Different people are assigned different jobs in a school. Aside from the faculty or the teachers there is also the administrative staff. Faculty is defined as a group or body of people, specifically teachers, professors, and lecturers with a common duty or obligation which is to teach at a certain school or educational facility. In other words, they are the academic staff of a school. The faculty is the teaching staff of an educational facility. They have specialized fields with each member of the faculty teaching a different subject. They are the ones who research and share their knowledge with their students. Faculty members may have different academic ranks from teachers to professors to doctors of specific fields of study. Researchers and scholars are also part of a schools faculty. They play a very important role in the educational system. Staff, on the other hand, is defined as a group of people who work in an establishment with administrative functions such as clerical, sales, and executive. It also includes those that work in security, maintenance, and other functions with the establishment. The staff in a school is usually composed of employees with diverse educational backgrounds and responsibilities with the highest level being the administrators, those that manage the whole system. They are aided by junior staff that are willing to follow their orders and help make their jobs easier and more efficient. The staff in a school usually arrive earlier than the faculty, and they have regular working hours as compared to faculty members. Some faculty members, especially those who are already distinguished at their jobs, are paid higher salaries and enjoy more benefits than the staff. Summary:

1.Faculty is the teaching or academic staff of a school or educational system while staff is the administrative staff of a school. 2.Faculty is a group of educators such as teachers, professors, doctors, researchers, and scholars who impart their knowledge to students while the staff is a group of people with diverse educational backgrounds that work as clerks, maintenance and security crew, and other functions. 3.The faculty may have irregular working hours while the members of the staff have regular working hours wherein they are required to report for work earlier. 4.Faculty members may enjoy better salaries and benefits than staff members.

Hug vs Cuddle Human beings are social animals. They want to be around other people; they want to seek attention, and they need to share happiness and joy as well as sorrow and pain. There are different body languages and non-verbal communications which go on between two or more people when they know each other. One of the non-verbal ways of expressing affection and love towards another person is to hug them or cuddle them. Both of these actions are actions of love, support, joy, and sometimes expression of the fact that you trust someone even if you are in pain. Both of these actions are very similar yet different. Hug Hugging is generally a group thing or between two people who are familiar with each other. When you know somebody, you hug the other person as a greeting or as a sign of acceptance. The act of hugging is basically a simple physical contact, a very brief physical contact when you wrap your arms around another persons neck or waist, maybe squeeze a little bit, and then break away. The most important characteristic of a hug is it is a brief encounter, a brief contact. A hug is a form of physical intimacy which is not offensive to most of the modern cultures. It is accepted as normal and can be done publicly also. Many societies or cultures still do not accept it between the opposite genders in public, but it is very much accepted between an adult and a child. Hugging has to be mutual; both the parties participate equally in a hug and are receptive equally. Cuddle To cuddle is a type of physical intimacy where two people embrace each other for a long time; they hold each other closely, longer than a hug. This act can be between a mother and child where the mother holds her baby and sits for a long time while the child falls asleep, or if the child is anxious, then she holds it till it feels the warmth of the body of the mother, feels safe and calms down. Cuddling can be between two partners where two people who are very familiar with each other and like or love each other sit or lie down for a long time just holding each other. This act also expresses love, familiarity, and trust. Cuddling might not be acceptable in public and may be treated as a taboo in many cultures especially between a man and a woman.

Though cuddling is a mutual act between two people, it is possible that one can be just receiving it while the other person is just embracing or cuddling. Summary: 1.A hug is a brief embrace between two or more people; a cuddle is a long embrace between two people. 2.Hugging is usually accepted in almost all cultures publicly; cuddling is looked down upon as a public display of affection in even the most modern cultures. 3.A hug is mutual, all people participate. Cuddling could be mutual or one person can receive it while the other gives it.

Affirm vs Confirm Affirm is a transitive verb. A transitive verb means a verb that needs a direct subject along with one or more objects. These verbs are used for contrasting intransitive verbs, verbs,do not have objects. For Example, She carried the luggage. In this sentence luggage is the direct object of carried. Affirm means, To validate, to state positively. For example, she affirmed her innocence. It also means to assert as valid. For example, when it is used in a judgment or used in a decree, like, the decision was affirmed by a lower as well as higher court. It also means, to express someones dedication towards someone or something .For example, they affirm their loyalty to the nation. The adjective of affirm is affirmable, the noun of affirm is affirmance. The synonyms for affirm are, claim, avouch, assert, allege, declare, insist, purport, warrant Etc. Antonyms of affirm are deny and gainsay. Confirm is also a transitive verb. Confirm means, To ratify, to give approval to something or somebody. The word, confirm, removes all doubts by an authoritative statement or by fact which is indisputable. For example, the testes confirmed that she did not have any infection left. Confirm has been used here to ratify, that there is no doubt that any infection is left in her body. To strengthen, to make something, or some opinion, firmer. For example, confirming someones resolve. Like, she confirmed that she would be the best in her class. It is a resolve and the person is

strengthening it. It also means, give assurance or give the validity, or support the truth about something or somebody. For example, she confirmed the rumor that she was signing a movie based on an epic. In this example, the news about a certain person is validated to be true by the person herself. The noun for confirm is confirmability, the adjective for confirm is confirmable. Synonyms of confirm are, argue, vindicate, attest, bear, authenticate, certify, corroborate, verify. Etc. Antonyms for confirm are, disprove, refute, rebut. Summary 1.Confirm and affirm, both are transitive verbs but are used differently. Their meanings are different and they cannot, in general be interchanged. They have different meanings, different synonyms and different antonyms. 2.Affirm means, to validate or state positively, to assert as valid and to express someones dedication; confirm means, to ratify, to strengthen, and to give assurance. 3.It has been seen that confirm is used for both negative and positive sentences; whereas affirm is mainly positive. 4.The difference can be explained by two sentences; The receptionist confirmed the hotel reservations. and, Serving in the defense services affirms your loyalty to the nation. We cannot interchange the words confirm and affirm in either of the sentences.

Ethics vs Values Every person has certain set values and a certain code of ethics which are very much valued. Some people who do not know the exact difference between values and ethics often use the two words interchangeably. Though these two are different, these two together form the basis for making decisions. What are values? They are the basic beliefs that an individual thinks to be true. Every individual has a set of values through which he looks at all things and also at the world. It can be said that most of the people will never deviate from their values. The values can be said to be the guiding principles in ones life. Value can be defined as a bridge by which an individual makes a decision regarding good and bad, right or wrong, and most important or less important.

Ethics is guidelines or rules that are set for a society or an organization rather than for an individual. Ethics can be defined as a set of rules formulated by a country or a company or some institutions. Ethics is mainly based on moral values. Ethics is not that it is set for any particular society, but it is mainly based on virtues, rights, and obligations. For example, the obligation to refrain from crimes, killings, and rape is an ethical aspect. Ethics has also been built on loyalty, honesty, and compassion. Values are very much personal while ethics is very much societal. One can also see that values and ethics sometimes can be in conflict. Even if one has certain values, he will not be able to entertain certain decisions based on the ethical codes. Though abortion is considered to be legal, most people do not approve of it morally. Summary: 1. Values are the basic beliefs that an individual thinks to be true. Every individual has a set of values through which he looks at all things and also at the world. 2. Ethics is guidelines or rules that are set for a society or an organization rather than for an individual. 3. Values can be said to be the guiding principles in ones life. Value can be defined as a bridge by which an individual makes a decision regarding good and bad, right or wrong, and most important or less important. 4. Ethics can be defined as set of rules formulated by a country or a company or some institutions. Ethics is mainly based on the moral values.

Talk vs Speak There are many words in the English language that are synonymous and are usually used interchangeably. Two of these are the words talk and speak. Both words pertain to the art of communicating our ideas, to verbalize words, or to express sounds. However, talk is more often used than the word speak, and the proposition to is more frequently used than with. An example for this is: He wants to talk to you, although He wants to speak to you may also be said. If we are to draw a line between them, the major difference between the two is that speak is favored in more formal occasions and is commonly used by a single person addressing a group of people. Talk, on the other hand, is not really for formal usage, and in most cases it implies dialogue between two people, maybe more. One example of this is: The pupils stopped talking when the Prefect of Discipline started to speak. Another example is: He is a fan of talking to guests directly, but he is not used to speaking in front of a large crowd. These verbs are not connected with a direct object (intransitive), but either a preposition (prepositions: about, to, with, for, etc.) or an adverbial modifier. Adverbial modifiers usually follow talk or speak.

It is good to remember the following phrases when using talk: talk back; talk sense, nonsense; talk to you later; talk something over; great talkers are little doers; now he is talking; talking about reality; talk less, act more. It would also be good to remember these phrases when using speak: speak many languages (speak English, German, etc.); speak up; frankly speaking; Francis is speaking with Kim on the phone; speak fluently, easy; speak for oneself; speaking of the devil; first think, then speak; speak only of the truth. There are instances when both speak and talk can be used for both formal and informal situations. You can use the phrases: speak one on one or talk one on one. This is also a common use of words: talk personally or speak personally. Another example is: talk in secret or speak in secret. To peg these concepts to the ground, lets cite situations in our daily experiences. Imagine a situation when someone is giving a speech to an audience, and in that audience two children are having a conversation and not listening to the speech. This is irritating the rest of the audience. We can simply say: While the minister was speaking at the meeting, two children were told to be quiet because they were talking to one another and making it difficult for people to concentrate. Summary: 1. Talk is most often used compared to speak. 2. There may always be an exception to every rule. However, let us take note that the bottom line is that speak is used for formal address while talk is usually used for an informal setting. 3. A talker makes the conversation chummy or interesting while a good speaker does well when conversing to a group of people as a whole.

Happiness vs Satisfaction What makes a person happy? What makes him feel satisfied? Will he experience satisfaction even if he is not happy, or will he find happiness even if his wants and needs are not satisfied? We all search for things that will make us happy, and we have wants that need to be satisfied. What is happiness and what is satisfaction? Do they always go together, or is their fulfillment separate from each other? Happiness is defined as both a state of mind and an emotion. Man can choose to be happy. It is relevant to note that even people who are poor can be happy despite the fact that not all their needs are met, even the most basic ones. Satisfaction, on the other hand, is the state wherein your desires are met. You will find it in the possession and enjoyment of things that you desire. In effect, it, too, is a state of mind wherein you find contentment knowing that your demands and desires are made possible.

Meeting the desires of your heart and the demands of your needs will not necessarily make you happy despite the fact that you will never want for anything when you are satisfied. Everything actually depends on your beliefs. If you see poverty as a blessing rather than a curse and be content with what you have, then your chances of being happy are greater than the person who sees material things as a necessity in life. They will never feel happy unless all their desires are fulfilled which is next to impossible since mans needs, wants, and desires will never stop at the fulfillment of each one. To be happy, one has to find himself first and know who he is and what he wants to be. Then he will be able to discover the things that really matter to him and which would give him satisfaction. Positive psychologists state that there are three kinds of happiness: Pleasure, which is a positive sensory experience. Engagement, which can involve ones family, work, hobbies, and romance. Meaning, which is the use of ones strengths to serve a purpose in life. These feelings are felt when endorphins are released as the result of exercise, religious involvement, and being with happy people. Recent studies suggest that religious people are happier than people who are not. Perhaps this is due to their involvement in religious activities which can give them a high degree of satisfaction because, as they help others, they become more worthy of the glory of God. Summary: 1. Happiness is a state of mind while satisfaction is the absence of want. 2. Happiness is an emotion while satisfaction is not. 3. Although both happiness and satisfaction can go together, one can be happy even if his wants are not met while he can be satisfied without necessarily being happy. 4. Being happy or satisfied depends largely on a persons beliefs, especially religious ones, which give his life a purpose. When he has done his share, he will feel satisfied and happy.

Behavior vs Attitude Each person is distinct from one another, not only in our physical aspects but especially so in our behaviors and attitudes. Behavior is an inherent trait of an organism, including man, towards its environment and other organisms. It is controlled by our endocrine and nervous systems and the complexity of our behavioral patterns are set by the complexity of our nervous system. Our behaviors are either innate or acquired and learned from our environment. It is our response to the different stimuli and other internal or external inputs whether voluntary or not.

Attitude is how we react to these stimuli or input. We either have a positive or negative reaction towards an object, a person, place, thing, or event. It is how we judge these things and the way that they affect us that sets our behavior towards them. We develop our attitudes through experience and observation. Attitudes change according to our experiences although hereditary factors may also affect our attitudes. Our attitudes can be influenced by these factors: Intelligence. Intelligent people process input more thoroughly and are less influenced by one-sided input. Self-esteem. People with moderate self esteem are more easily persuaded than those with a higher or much lower self-esteem. Credibility. The credibility of the source of the input, its expertise about the subject, and overall trustworthiness can affect our attitude towards the input. Presentation. How the input is presented is very important in the formation of our attitude towards it. We may also have conscious and unconscious attitudes, rational, or irrational attitudes that involve our thoughts, feelings, and intuition. Extroversion and introversion are two types of attitude. Extroversion is an attitude that is relaxed and confident. People with this attitude get their motivation from other people and tend to act first before thinking. Introversion is an attitude that is less dependent on external motivation. Introverts usually think before they act and are reserved, subtle, and prefer to work alone. Behavior on the other hand can be common, acceptable, or unacceptable. We judge behaviors acceptability by our social norms, and we naturally abide by these norms. It is considered a basic human action, and our behavior is dependent upon the behavior of others. These factors can affect our behavior: Genetics. Biological factors can affect the way we behave towards certain things. Attitude. How we react to things can affect our behavior. Social norms. Whether we respond with a certain behavior or not depends on our beliefs. Control. Our belief on the ease or difficulty of a certain situation affects our behavior. Core faith. This includes motivation by our family, peers, the media, and society. Summary: 1. Behavior is an inherent trait of an organism while attitude is a human trait. 2. Our behavior is controlled by our endocrine system while our attitude can be influenced by factors that can be internal or external. 3. Our behaviors are set by our social norms while our attitudes are set by how we perceive things. 4. Organisms may have similar behavioral patterns while humans have attitudes that are distinct and different from each other.

Duty vs responsibility: lifes hassles for you to be a better person Developing yourself as a person is a process. You might have learned by now that you cannot change yourself instantly. You cannot even wish yourself to become better. Its not an overnight deal. You have to do it with the decisions that you make and the acts you associate on how to achieve the vision of being a complete human person. Its a long-term process.. yes. But nobody wants to become someone that does not cause anything better or any good in every society. Even the highly convicted criminals repent and pray a better life for themselves. Duties and responsibilities are two different tasks that a person must face in order to be better in life. After all, these cannot be avoided as everything a person does can either be labeled as a duty or a responsibility. It is natural for every normal human being. Even those who were born to suffer mean ailments in life have the duty and responsibility to be better in their health condition or to live life to the fullest as a person. Yes its tiring, and arrives to a point where its exhausting. You may have been a victim of the complaints made by people around you about giving up because of the obligations they face in life. You may have been a complainant yourself. But in order to become a human person you have to acquire duties and responsibilities to anything or even everything that is around you. It is part and parcel of being alive. As long as you live you cannot reap that away from you. Duties and obligations are some of the many ingredients that make you human. It can be compared with happiness and love. Can you imagine a life without it? It is said that lifes heaviest burden is to have nothing to carry. That makes sense in so many levels, doesnt it? Daniel Webster said, A sense of duty pursues us ever. It is omnipresent, like the Deity. If we take to ourselves the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea, duty performed or duty violated is still with us, for our happiness or our misery. If we say the darkness shall cover us, in the darkness as in the light our obligations are yet with us. You must acknowledge its natural sense in your life. In order to help you more here are the differences of duty and responsibility. Duty, to begin with, are tasks that can either be done or not by other people for us the same way that we could or would not do tasks for them. It resonates a sense of obligation to everything around you. It is referred as your moral response to things that are DUE to be done. Example for this is your parents moral obligation to provide you your most basic needs: foods, shelter, and education. Although free choice is involved in whether you perform a duty or not, you will be held accountable for the results. And thats when responsibility enters the scene. Responsibility, on the other hand, refers to something that you are accounted to do. If you take credit for your success, you must also be responsible for your failures. Examples of responsibility are honesty, love, loyalty, and the likes. Yes it is asked from you and you have the last say whether or not you shall do

it. But whether or not you do, the result of such decision should also be taken accountable of by none other than you. A person needs to be responsible so he can acquire freedom. Freedom is defined as having the will to be responsible to your own self. SUMMARY: Duties and responsibilities are part and parcel of being human. A duty is defined as doing something that is due while responsibility is defined as being accountable to the decisions you have made in life.

Kiss vs. Smooch There are various definitions of kisses and a smooch, in fact so they are often interchanged between the people you are speaking to. Both are expressions of love, warmth, and definite friendliness. They are expressions that are communicated with other people thought lip movements and actions. Often times both the kiss and the smooch are popularized around Valentines Day as the way to show your loved one that you care. To smooch and kiss successful it is suggested that you have fresh breath, clean teeth, and smooth lips for your kissing partner. A kiss is defined as a quick touching of the lips to another persons body, this can be on the lips, cheek, or forehead. Depending on the body location of the kiss, there are different connotations that are implied. A kiss on the forehead is adoration, a kiss on the cheek is friendly, and a kiss on the lips is a display of love which is typically had with two people in a relationship. Kisses can be had between family members, parents and their children, and between lovers. A kiss is also meant to be quick, there is no delay in touching the lips to another person. Kisses are not intended to be hard, part of the emotion is passed by the gentle touching of the lips, a harsh kiss is typically considered insincere and looses the emotion behind the kiss. A smooch is defined as the lip to lip touching of anothers lips, possibly open mouthed, used to express sexual thoughts. Because there are sexual thoughts implied a smooch should only be had between people who love each other or are trying to convey sexual desire. There is typically more time dedicated between people with a smooch, as there is more passion and desire involved. A smooch can either be gentle or rough and wild. Smooches are intimate so they should only be shared with someone you are in a relationship with. Kiss and smooch are interchangeably used as there are some who would generalize a smooch as just another form of kissing and that the way the kiss is done generalizes who it should be done with. Kiss and smooch do share in common the fact that they are an emotional expression of how a person feels and that they are shared with people that are important, loved, and cared for in your life. Summary

A kiss is a closed lip expression of emotion to any other person on their person, including lips. A smooch is lip to lip touching however it is used to express desire sexually. A kiss is universal, it can be shared with anyone. A smooch should only be shared with someone you love and are sexually drawn to. Kisses are intended to be soft and gentle, smooches can also be soft and gentle. Smooches can also be open mouthed and rough. Both a kiss and a smooch should be done with a clean mouth, soft lips, and fresh breath.

compare vs contrast Compare and contrast are words that are often used to talk about the similarities and differences between two things or objects. These two words are very commonly used. Compare means to see the similarity and contrast means to see the difference. According to various dictionaries, compare means to represent things or objects in respect of similarity and contrast means to represent things in respect of differences. Apart from these meanings, one struggles to find any differences between the two. If a person is looking at the similarities between two objects or things, then he may be comparing the two. On the other hand, if a person is looking at the dissimilarity between two things or objects, then he may be contrasting the two. The word compare has been derived from the Latin word comparare, which means to liken or to compare. The word contrast has been derived from the Latin words contra and stare, which means against and to stand. In Middle English, contrast was used for meaning fight against or to withstand in a battle. Contrast lost its sheen during the end of 17th century but was later adopted in art forms. Compare is mainly used to demonstrate relative values of the objects in all qualities. When comparing two things or objects, one can see the divergent views which could make one better than the other. Summary 1. Compare and contrast are words that are often used to talk about the similarities and differences between two things or objects. 2. Apart from the difference in their meaning, one struggles to find any differences between the two. 3. According to various dictionaries, compare means to represent things or objects in respect of similarity and contrast means to represent things in respect of differences. 4. If a person is looking at the similarities between two objects or things, then he may be comparing the two. On the other hand, if a person is looking at the dissimilarity between two things or objects, then he may be contrasting the two. 5. Where compare emphasises the similar qualities, contrast emphasises the differences.

6. The word compare has been derived from the Latin word comparare, which means to liken or to compare. The word contrast has been derived from the Latin word contra and stare, which means against and to stand.

Discovery vs Invention In a casual everyday conversation, one would most likely interchange the words discovery and invention, nonchalantly so. Many would settle with the presumption that these are one and the same. On the other hand, there are those who would like to debate that they are entirely different for a good number of ineligible reasons. And the determining factor, the object they point to. Rule of thumb is that discoveries apply to those that have been long existent, while inventions, to those that have never existed in the past. To invent is akin to creating something completely distinct and was non-existent prior to the act. In natural sciences, a thing or an instance is considered as such when it is embodied in artifacts, tools, machinery etc. Examples of inventions would be wheels, automobile, scissors, umbrella, ballpoint pen, telephone and so on. Inventions are derived from materials that have been previously discovered and even from a collection and integration of earlier inventions. For instance, the wheel is an invention derived from wood, rubber or metal materials that have been in existence ever since. Another example the ballpoint pen is an invention that integrated prior discoveries and inventions such as ink, metal, and plastic tube. In other words, it is an integration of materials that produced an entirely distinct tool. To invent is to plan and produce something to meet a specific purpose. For instance, the invention of scissors was driven by the need for a tool that can cut objects efficiently and meticulously. It was designed for a specific purpose. Discovery is an entirely different thing. It is to detect something new. Note the verb to detect. It does not necessarily mean to create or produce the object of discovery, but rather it is to make it known. Most importantly, discoveries apply to any natural occurrence. Isaac Newton discovered gravity; he did not invent it. Scientifically speaking, gravity is something that has already existed even before the Earth was formed. Newton did not create it. He detected and gave a name to it. Discoveries let people know and recognize factual occurrences that have existed long before. For instance, before Newton gave a distinction to what we now call gravity, the public were not aware or consciously concerned of it. The discovery of it led to public awareness. It made them understand the concept behind such force and not to mention, led to further ground-breaking discoveries that unraveled how the universe works. Like inventions, discoveries can be purposely planned through explorations or can be unexpected as well. For example, guys at NASA send teams to conduct space exploration partly for new discoveries. They may have or not have a hint of what they are about to find. By and large, invention and discovery work hand in hand. As mentioned earlier, inventions are a result of materials and occurrences discovered even prior to the thought of coming up with the invention. A good example would be the automobile, an original creation derived from metals, gas, rubber and other raw materials that were apparently discovered even before the conception of such invention. In the same

manner, discoveries are sometimes made known through the help of inventions. For instance, the invention of the space shuttle led to discoveries about the moon and planets neighboring Earth. Summary A discovery pertains detecting something new. An object of discovery has already been existent prior to the actual discovery. An invention is an original concept or thing that has not been existent prior to actual invention. A discovery pertains to natural occurrences while an invention, to man-made artifacts, tools, processes etc. Discovery and invention work hand in hand. Inventions are an integration of things that have already been discovered in the same way that new discoveries can be found through the help of inventions.

God vs lord In a religious context, Lord is a title that is used for different gods and deities. Lord often refers to the almighty or the creator of the universe or the savior of mankind. Jesus is often referred to as Lord more often then he is called God. Lord is one that rules over others. God is also referred to as supreme. Though there can be only be a few lords who are considered to be on top of others, there are many gods. One can come across the god of wealth, god of fortune, god of love or the god of death, just to name a few. Apart from the religious connotation, lord is generally used for persons who are of higher rank in society. Lord is a title bestowed upon persons who rule others. The ministers and the subjects usually referred to a king as lord. It is also a title that is connected with feudal power. The persons who have been bestowed with feudal titles like baron are often called lords. Lord is also a term that is used to address judges in certain countries. Regarding their etymology, God comes from the Hebrew Elohim and the Greek Theos. Lord is a word that comes from Greek Kurios or Hebrew Adonai. Lord is also related to Old English word hlaford that means ruler or master. In the English language, it was the bible translators who first used the word lord. The word God was first used in the 6th century. Summary Lord often refers to the almighty or the creator of the universe or the savior of mankind. Lord is one that rules over others. God is also referred to as supreme.

Though there can be only be a few lords who are considered to be on top of others, there are many gods. Apart from the religious connotation, lord is generally used for persons who are of higher rank in society. Lord is also a title that is connected with feudal power. It is also a term that is used to address judges in certain countries. God comes from Hebrew Elohim and Greek Theos. Lord is a word that comes from Greek Kurios or Hebrew Adonai. Lord is also related to Old English word hlaford that means ruler or master.

Antique vs Vintage Antique and vintage refers to rare collection of items that are hundreds of years old and which are unique. One can come across antique jewellery, potteries and a lot of other things. There are vintage cars, wines and a lot more. Though the two refer to old collectibles, it is a bit difficult to make out a difference between the two. Antique is often referred to things that are collected because of its rarity, age, beauty and its unique features. Antiques are objects that show uniqueness in their craftsmanship, design and other features. Vintage means a certain thing or object that is unique and the best of its kind in a particular period. There has always be a controversy regarding which item should be called antique and which one should be called vintage. When looking at this example, the deviation between antique and vintage can be more specific. A horse- drawn wagon of the 1800s is considered to be antique, as it is only a remnant of the glorious past. But a restored 1957 Chevrolet is a vintage car, as it relates to a specific car of a specific period and which has a lot of collectors even today. There is still a controversy regarding antique objects. Some say that objects that are 100 years old can be called as antique but some say objects that are 50 years old can be termed as antique. When talking of Vintage, the term is widely related to wines. Vintage has come from the French word, vendage, which means grapes picked during a particular season. Antique comes from the Latin word, antiquus, which means old. Summary: Antique and vintage refers to rare collection of items that are hundreds of years old and which are unique.

Antique is often referred to things that are collected because of its age, rarity, beauty and its unique features. Vintage means a certain thing or object that is unique and the best of its kind in a particular period. Some say that objects that are 100 years old can be called as antique but some say objects that are 50 years old can be termed as antique. Vintage is a term that is widely related to wines. Vintage has come from the French word, vendage, which means grapes picked during a particular season. Antique comes from the Latin word, antiquus, which means old.

Travelers Vs Tourists There has been an ongoing confusion in discerning a traveler from a tourist. The trick is that many claim that they are travelers when in fact they are only like any other standard tourist. These self-proclaimed travelers arrive confused in their destinations because as a matter of fact, there are about 95% of them who are actually tourists and not travelers. So how will you differentiate the two? Basically, travelers are those persons who travel or go from one place to the other. In some cases, they simply pass through a location. Tourists on the other hand come to a place in order to see the sights and listen to the sounds of their destinations. They almost always look forward to the inherent attractions present within a particular area. With regard to the specifics, there are lots of differences between the two. In general, travelers carry a towel for their travels unlike tourists who dont carry any because they have it inside their hotels anyway. A reading light is important for travelers because they still find time to read amidst traveling. Tourists almost have no time to do other less significant things because they consider their trip as a tour a once in a lifetime opportunity. So why bother reading when you can do such when you return back home? Another obvious characteristic of travelers is that they do not shop or buy many items from their foreign destination. If they arrived in a country bringing one bag, most likely theyll end up leaving from that country still with a single bag. Tourists love to shop so if they arrived with only one bag, they are expected to come home bringing lots of bags or goodies. Moreover, travelers are risk takers. They buy a one-way ticket compared to tourists who make sure they get home by buying a round trip ticket, not just for land trips but also for their flights. Similarly, travelers want to explore new locations; thats why they seldom or rarely take the same path in going back home. With regard to communication, travelers are not readily seen carrying mobile phones. They just want to enjoy their travels. But for tourists, they want to have the greatest assurance for safety thats why they need to bring with them their cellphones so that they can communicate with somebody else when the case so desires.

1. Travelers just come and go from one place to the other while tourists love to pay attention to the sights and sounds of the places they are going to. 2. Travelers can do lots of other things during their travels other than visiting tourist attractions or landmarks. 3. Unlike tourists, travelers are risk takers. They want to experience more adventures rather than feel safe.

Mood vs Feeling Mood is a very different word when compared to the term feeling. Foremost, mood is an emotional condition or state that lasts longer than feelings. It is described as an emotional state that is not that intense and not that specific. When you are asked about your mood, there are usually two ends to answering that one question. This means that you are either happy or sad so to speak. Feeling is what one will get or experience when he feels. For example, when one touches a certain surface then he will immediately perceive a sort of sensation that makes him say that the surface is either rough or smooth. Alternatively, feeling can also be an experience when used in the following manner: feeling of love, feeling of warmth and feeling of security. Nevertheless, the word feeling often describes something acute or something that happens for the shorter term. A good example is when you are walking along a dark unlighted aisle. In this situation, you will most likely experience the feeling of fear at that exact moment when you were walking along that path. As mentioned moods, on the other hand, can last for several hours or even days like when you have been happy the entire week although you can just be generalizing things. Thats why there is a great possibility for one to have an abnormally prolonged period of being happy or sad which develops into a psychiatric problem like depression, mania or both (manic-depressive bipolar disorder). According to Psychology, feeling is both a subjective and conscious occurrence. Thus, if you are easily frightened then it is expected that you will easily fear or get anxious of many variables. However, there are also some instances wherein feelings are unconscious, like when it happens at the visceral level. When you are experience a form of emotional uneasiness then most likely you have a negative gut feeling. If used in this manner, feeling can be a form of intuitiveness that helps one makes immediate decisions based on common sense. This can best be exemplified when you suddenly see an unconscious person lying in front of you. Often, youll touch the person to assess whether he is still alive or not; or at least know if hes still conscious and breathing.

1. Mood lasts longer than feelings 2. Feeling is the result physically feeling (or touching) something. It can also describe a certain experience and or intuitiveness

Ability vs Capability The difference in meaning between the words ability and capability is pretty thin. You really cant blame the majority of the public using the words interchangeably. Although they seem to have close definitions, it is important to note that using one in place of the other is sometimes inappropriate. By definition, capability is usually defined as the feature of being capable of something. In short, it is practical ability. This is probably where the confusion sets in because the definition of the word capability makes use of the word ability. Conversely, ability is a word that pertains to being able. This means that when one is considered to have the ability then he is able to do or has the means to do something may it be mental or physical. Ability also connotes ones skill, talent and level of expertise. In common practice, ability is much nearer to describe talents of people whereas capability is more applicable in reflecting the worth of being capable of an organization, group or company, and not humans. But in the event when the word capability is used to describe people, then it will not mean talents but a form of limitation. This distinction is clearly shown in the following examples. In this first example, His wifes capability to cook does not include preparing desserts and baking, the word capability is more appropriate. Next, in this second example Her ability to memorize an entire book within two consecutive readings seems to be a superhuman feat, ability is more applicable. The reason for such is because in the first example the thing being tackled is not a talent or expertise but a limitation. In the second sentence example, ability is more appropriate because its more of a skill or talent that a person possessed. Unlike ability, capability also has a more future oriented meaning it has the feature or potential of being developed. Hence ,ability is likened to the actual level of something while capability is the potential level. This can be shown in the sentence, An early school-aged child can only multiply simple numbers so he has the ability to do such and, at the same time, he has the capability to multiply more complex numbers as he grows older. Overall, both words (ability and capability) can be used synonymously in informal English but one is more appropriate for use than the other in particular situations because: 1. Capability is more inclined if used to describe organizations, groups or companies while ability is more applicable if the one to be described is a person or an individual. 2. Capability is synonymous to a person, group or firms practical ability while ability is more of ones talents, skills or level of expertise.