AUTO MAINS FAILURE SYSTEM USING PLC & SCADA

A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by

AISWARYA.A.S(08413) ASHIMA.C.R(08413037) BINY KURIAN(08413) LEKSHMI.P.R(08413) To The Kerala University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree Of Bachelor of Technology In Electrical & Electronics engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING LOURDES MATHA COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY KUTTICHAL THIRUVANANTHAPURAM MARCH 2012

LOURDES MATHA COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY KUTTICHAL THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled AUTO MAINS FAILURE SYSTEM USING PLC & SCADA is a bonafide work carried out in the eighth semester by AISWARYA.A.S,ASHIMA.C.R,BINY KURIAN & LEKSHMI.P.R,in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, from University of Kerala during the academic year 2011-2012 who carried out the project work under our guidance and supervision and no part of this work has been submitted earlier for the award of any degree.

Internal Guides Asso.Prof.Dinu Thomas Thomas Asst.Prof. Indhu.J.R EEE Head of Department Mrs. Dinu

Asst.Prof.Anssa.T.H LMCST,EEE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With profound respect and immense gratitude, I wish to thank all the Lecturers of Electrical and Electrical Department,LMCST for being an inexhaustible source of ideas and encouragement in preparing this project . We are grateful to Mrs.Dinu Thomas, Associate Professor in charge of Electrical and Electronics Department who has contributed both directly and indirectly

towards the completion of this project. We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude to Dr.I. Nelson Joseph, Principal,LMCST for providing all the facilities during the course of this project work. We wish to thank our parents for their understanding and co-operation. We wish to thank all our friends and non- teaching staffs of LMCST , who helped us for completing this project work. Above all we thank God for his omnipresence and guidance throughout our studies and the course of this project work.

ABSTRACT
Much attention has been given to the use of PLCs (programmable logic controllers) in substation and distribution automation applications in recent years. Innovative engineers and technicians have been actively seeking new applications for PLCs in substations and SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) systems. The manufacturers of PLCs have responded by developing new products that meet the unique requirements of substation automation and SCADA applications. PLCs have an important place in substation automation and their use in substation application will grow.

As the use of PLCs in substation automation applications increases, and the demand for substation and distribution automation increases, utility engineers are seeking ways to implement applications. With deregulation, utilities are decreasing engineering staff levels. Utility engineers are required to field more projects with fewer available resources.

AMF system that provides the automation functions for monitoring, controlling and protection of the substation system. Due to several reasons such as equipment failures, lightning strikes, accidents and natural catastrophes, power disturbances and outages in substations occur and often result in long service interruptions. Thus, the substations should be properly controlled and monitored in order to take the necessary precautions accurately and timely. In this respect, AMF system, which is the creation of a highly reliable, self healing power system that rapidly responds to real time events with appropriate actions, ensures to maintain uninterrupted power services to the end users.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLE LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CHAPTER TITLE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM EQUIPMENTS AND DEVICES IN SUBSTATION TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

PAGE NO.

LITERATURE SURVEY AUTOMATION 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 DEFENITION 3.3 TYPES OF AUTOMATION

4.

AMF SYSTEM
4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 GENERAL 4.3 OPERATION 19 20 20

4.4 FLOW CHART 4.5 ADVANTAGES

22 26 27 27 27 29 30 32 33 34

5. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF PLC 5.3 ARCHITECTURE 5.4 DIFFERENT MODULES OF PLC 5.5 ADVANTAGES OF USING PLCS 5.6 MODICON PREMIUM PLCS 5.7 PLC PROGRAM 6. SCADA 6.1 HMI DESIGN 6.2 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 6.3 OVERVIEW OF GE FANUC IFIX 6.4 SCADA DESIGN FOR AMF 7. 8. 9. RESULT & CONCLUSION REFERENCE APPENDIX 40 39 39

39

LIST OF TABLES
TITLE PAGE NO.

1.4 Technical Specifications

LIST OF FIGURES
TITLE 1.1 Substation 1.2 Single line diagram 1.3 Step down transformer 1.4 Ideal transformer as a power circuit 1.5 Diesel generator on an oil tanker 3.1 Automation pyramid 4.1 Flow chart PLC program SCADA PAGE NO 2 7 9 10 13 18 25

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
1. AMF: Auto mains failure 2. PLC: Programmable logic controller 3. SCADA: Supervisory control and data acquisition 4. AC: Alternating current 5. DC: Direct current 6. EEPROM: Electrically erasable programmed read only memory 7. CIM: Computer integrated manufacturing 8. AGV: Automated guided vehicle 9. FMS: Flexible manufacturing system 10. PCB: Printed circuit board 11. CPU: Central processing unit 12. MTU: Master terminal unit 13. SPTN: Switched public telephone network 14. CCU: Central controlling unit 15. QoS: Quality of service 16. I/P: Input 17. O/P: Output 18. Np: Number of turns in primary 19. Ns: Number of turns in secondary 20. Vp: Voltage in primary

21. Vs: Voltage in secondary 22. Ip: Current in primary 23. Is: Current in secondary 24. Zp: Impedance in primary 25. Zs: Impedance in secondary 26. : Magnetic flux