25.

Conversion graphs
25A 25.1 25.1 Key words conversion graph

Incorporating exercise: Homework: Example:

Learning objective(s)
convert from one unit to another unit by using a graph

Prior knowledge
Pupils should know how to plot coordinates.

Starter
Draw these two graphs on the board:

cost

cost

litres

litres

Explain that the first graph shows the relationship between cost of petrol and number of litres, and that the second graph shows the cost of delivering litres of oil. Discuss what each graph shows. For example, the first graph shows that 0 litres costs 0. Why does the second graph start someway up the cost axis? Establish the idea of a standing charge and a linear relationship between amounts and costs.

Main teaching points

The scale of the axes on conversion graphs is important. Pupils must understand what each scale shows. They should understand that conversion graphs do not necessarily start at zero (temperature), and that to read from a graph they need to find a value on one axis and follow it through to the other axis. It does not matter which axis is used for which unit when converting between units, but for graphs such as those used to show electricity consumption and prices charged, the convention is that the money goes on the vertical axis.

Common mistakes
Pupils miss out units when giving answers.

Differentiation
Questions 1 to 8 of Exercise 25A are grade F, questions 9 and 10 are grade E. A higher achieving group could answer the first eight questions orally. All pupils should attempt questions 9 and 10.

Plenary
Tell the pupils that a gas bill for 100 units is 20. Can they use this information to work out the cost of 1 unit of gas? They may say 20p, but others should say, rightly, that there could be a fixed charge. Now tell them that a different bill for 80 units was 17. Can pupils work out the cost per unit now? Hopefully they can work out that a unit costs 15p and the fixed charge is 5.
HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2006

Module 5: Algebra and Space, shape and measure

Chapter 25 Graphs Homework 25.1

1 The graph shows the cost of hiring the local village hall.

100 90 80 70
Cost ()

Cost of hiring village hall

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Number of hours hired 9 10

a Pete wants to hire the hall for a school disco. How much does it cost to hire the hall for: i 3 hours?

ii 5 hours?

iii 4 hours?

b Faye wants to run a craft fayre in the hall. She allows 80 to rent the hall. For how many hours can she rent it?

c Azam dosent want to hire the hall but thinks he will be charged 20. Explain why this is not the case.

Module 5: Algebra and Space, shape and measure

HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2006

Chapter 25 Graphs Homework 25.1 continued

2 This graph converts gallons into litres. 1 gallon is approximately 4.5 litres.

35

30

25

Converting gallons to litres

Litres

20

15

10

4 Gallons

Use the graph to answer these questions. a How many litres are there in 4 gallons?

b How many litres are there in 5.5 gallons?

c How many gallons are there in 27 litres?

d How many gallons are there in 20 litres?

e How many litres are there in 20 gallons?

f Explain how you can use the graph to work out the number of litres in 55 gallons.

HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2006

Module 5: Algebra and Space, shape and measure

Chapter 25 Graphs Worked example 25.1

Conversion graphs
1 This is a conversion graph between pounds and euros. Use the graph to answer the following questions.
y

36 32 28
Euros ()

(20,32)

24 20 16 12 8 4

(0,0)

12

16

20 22 Pounds ()

24

26

28

20 x

a How many euros are equivalent to 10? b How many pounds are equivalent to 19 euros? Solution
y

36 32 28
Euros ()

(20,32)

24 20 16 12 8 4 a b

(0,0)

12

16

20 22 Pounds ()

24

26

28

20 x

a Draw a dotted line vertically upward from 10 to meet the graph line. Then draw a horizontal line from this point on the graph to meet the y-axis. This should be the point (0, 16). This means that 16 euros are equivalent to 10. b Draw a dotted line horizontally across from 19 euros to meet the graph line. Draw a vertical line down from this point to meet the x-axis. This gives a value of approximately 12 pounds.

Module 5: Algebra and Space, shape and measure

HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2006