Lissi Seneway, M.S.

Michael MelicharMS, CAP Into Action Clinical Director Treatment 855-933-6732

 A disease is an illness, a sickness that causes an interruption, cessation, or disorder of bodily functions, systems, or organs A disease is an entity characterized by at least 2 of these criteria: 1) A recognized etiological agents or agents; 2) An identifiable group of signs and symptoms; or 3) Consistent anatomical alterations of known body systems

 WHO (World Health Organization) AMA (American Medical Association) APA (American Psychiatric Association) Hughes Act of 1970; NIAAA established

 Magnus Huss: Swedish Physician (18071890) was the first to systematically classify the damage that was attributable to alcohol ingestion. Huss coined the term alcoholism and used it to label what he considered to be a chronic, relapsing disease E. Morton Jellinek: A biostatistician and physiologist whose work on alcoholism was pivotal in the AMA recognizing alcoholism as a disease in 1956

 Describes an addiction as a life-long disease involving biological and environmental sources of origin Addiction is a disease in the same sense as diabetes is a disease Chronic, incurable, potentially fatal Genetic predisposition: Twin Studies RFI believes in the Disease Model of Addiction, and treats it as such

 Depressants Opioids Stimulants Psychogenics Designer Drugs Inhalants OTC (Over the Counter)

 Alcohol Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Klonopin, Ativan, Librium) Barbiturates (Seconol, Tuenal, Phenobarbital)

 Opiates, pain killers; obtained legally by a prescribing physician Codeine OxyContin Morphine Percocet Roxycodone (Blues) Heroin an illegal opioid drug synthesized from morphine, which is a derivative of the opium poppy

 Cocaine Crack-Cocaine Amphetamine (Prescription Adderrol, Ritalin, Vyvance) Methamphetamine Caffeine Nicotine BOUNS QUESTION: What is the most common stimulant abused in America?

 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD,Acid) Marijuana Psilocybin mushrooms Mescaline

 MDMA (Ecstasy) GHB Ketamine Rohypnol (Roofies)

 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of th Mental Disorders, 5 Edition Provides criteria for the medical filed and mental health professionals to diagnosis addictive disorders, such as alcohol dependence, cocaine dependence, opioid dependence, etc.

 3 or more in a 12 month period:

Tolerance Withdrawal symptoms Substances taken in larger amounts and for longer period than intended Persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to quit Much time/activity to obtain, use, recover Important social, occupational, or recreational activities given up or reduced Continued use despite knowledge of adverse consequences

 Withdrawal symptoms are medically treated and minimized by a medical protocol Initial 3-10 days the body is in acute withdrawal and adjusting to not having its substances The initial detox process does not fully eliminate the body from the substances Dangers alcohol and benzodiazepine withdrawal

 Post: After Acute: Brief and Severe Withdrawal: The body and brains continued path towards detoxification after the initial detox protocol Symptoms: Set of impairments

 Sensitivity to stress Anxiety Agitation Mood swings Poor motor coordination Memory impairment Sleep and appetite disturbance Cravings

 Frequently utilized model today Includes detoxification, psychoeducation, skills-building, group therapy, family involvement, relapse prevention, referral to 12 step Addresses genetic/biological, sociocultural roles in etiology, treatment course, and outcome

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease_theory_of_alcoholism http://drugabuse. gov/ResearchReports/Prescription/prescription2.html#Opioids