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LIST OF CONTENT S
Definition art and society Functions of art and society Art in culture: MALAY SOCIETY 1. Makyung :music and instrument 2. Traditional Malaysian music: kuda kepang 3. Headgear:penutup kepala 4. Headcloths:Tengkolok 5. Neckklases 6. Belt buckles: pending 7. Accessories for clothing:keronsang 8. Batik painting in malay society 9. Pictures 10.References
Mystical fiddle
The most important musical instrument in the show is makyung fiddle, fiddle who came from Persia as rabab '. The melodious sound of stringed fiddle to help smooth the musicians who accompany the music of drums and for example tetawak. Malay language, also known as' umbang. Other than the mystical fiddle makyung also accompany the Menorah Kelantan, main teri and pull the braid. Denotes the fiddle in the Malay people as a woman in the symbolic form of fiddle with the head, ears, neck, shoulders, chest, breasts, hair, hair, buttocks and legs. Sized fiddle head to toe between 100-120 cm, shoulder width of 20cm and the shell he 4cm5cm thick. Fiddle stem diameter at the bottom is 40cm and the top is piston, measuring 25cm. a fiddle made from a perfect combination of wood parts are connected by each function head, trunk Suna / irah, spreader, piston rods, fiddle, and legs. Tools to make the mystical fiddle:
In the process of fiddle, bamboo shoots carved motifs, leaves, or interest group is the motive of the Malay race as a symbol of the Malays.
Drum
Mother and child is a big drum used in the performing arts makyung. Drums made of jackfruit wood and wood sena nyang the punch until the Tembalang. 54cm in size, while drums mother son drum and measuring 49cm shorter.
The front portion of goat skin covered by a special process and trough using a cane on the sides become . goat on a stick in the body with the rod bracket and a front-page saga of ponget Tembalang.
TETAWAK
Tetawak or gong of a pair of copper or iron, and suspended by a rope on the gallows. Tetawak a round shapel, on the hand with a thick wall. gong framed the mother and child in the hanging gong gong dealing with children. The gong show or tetawak Makyung have enough beasar role as a guardian of the gong.
Gong strokes will determine the beginning and end of the song or songs. Other than as a guardian of time, the gong also work for ritual purposes in the water when it is placed opening ceremony of the stage. The water serves as a mediator who determines the sound of the gong once used as an antidote to all the players. For example singer get throat rubbed then gift the water to back o f his software sound..
Jawa kuda kepang .is a hobby horse trance deance found in Johore, the southermmost state of peninsular Malaysia ,was imported from Indonesia and performed by Malaysian of Javanese orgin . The orgin of kuda kepang is steeped in myth and legend .one story goes that it was created by wali songo, a group of nine muslim priests in the 15th.century ,as a means of propagating islam. Another attributes its orgin to the frenzied behaviour of sayidina alis horse during battle. But most probably kuda kepang originated in java as a from animistic ritual worship. Kudang kepang has a wholly percussion ensemble consisting of instruments. The elements of instrument far kuda kepang is membronophone(percussion) gendang , jidur,idiophone (brass) gong ,kenung tubular chime .
GENDANG
Gedang is the important instrument in kuda kepang,measuring 36 inches length, the barrel shaped Javanese gendang has varying circumference measurements along the length of its tapering body , from 49 inches near the small face .the big face has a circumference of 29 inches and a diameter of 10 inches.
JIDUR
Jidur is the one of kuda kepang instrument. Jidur shaped like a cylinder .the jidur is about 16 inches long ,with a diameter of 12 inches and a circumference of 38 1/2 inches for both of its faces . it is made from the trunk of coconut tree ,and like the gendang ,its two faces are covered with either cowhide or goatskin . one type of jidur has only one of its faces covered .while the gendang is played by hand drumstick are used to strike the jidur which sometimes functions as a gong .
GONG
This is a bronze gong of 22 inches in diameter and with a71 inches circumferrenca.sometimes a gong kumbang which is similar to the one used in wayang jawa is use ,but it has only a single broze key suspended over a tall wooden resonator.
KENUNG
A kenung ,which is made up of apair of knobbed gongs placed on a rectangular wooden frame,resembles the canang of the wayang kulit elantan .some groups replace it with a saron demung while others use a single iron slab with a knobbed centre placed over a wooden trough.
TUBULAR CHIME
There are five angklung which are grouped under the category of frame rattle one C minor chord angklung and two pairs of single pitch angklung which are a fifth apart , usually a C and a G. Each one is made up of three sliced graduated bamboo frame. The angklung sounds a C minor chord throughout the piece,while the gong comes in twice ,once in the middle and once at the end of every bar.
HEADCLOTHS: TENGKOLOK
A brief survey confirms the importance of head coverings. Oral historical accounts and reliable records tell that people of all races and religions have been required to wear complete formal dress when meeting sultan since the period of the Melaka Sultanate at least. Thus, a person meeting a sultan was not considered properly dressed unless he covered his head or tied his long hair back with a strip of bark or goatskin leather. Before the period of the Melaka Sultanate, the tengkolok or formal headcloth, as we know it now had not been created. In fact, men covered their hair with simple square of cloth or tied it neatly. Between that time and the present, headcloth become more and more elegant and were modified to indicate a mans rank. The Malays of Melaka used their talents to design head covering from one metre square piece of cloth, and so invented the tengkolok ,which is often worn today by bridegrooms when visiting the brides family or during bersanding ceremony. The bridegrooms tengkolok is nowdays embellished with jewellery for added brilliance and to make him appear more attractive.
NECKLASES
Since ancient times, people especially women have worn various types of neck adornments. The designs produced and the variety precious metals and gems which have dangled from the necks of men and women are difficult to describe in all their brilliance and diversity. Malay neck adornments can be divided into three types: rantai, dokoh and kalung , all which can be worn by both men and women. These three types of adornments were traditionally worn by those of noble birth, but nowdays , even ordinary people do so. It is no longer important wheter it is made from pure solid gold or simply gold-plated silver. More important is a beautiful design to captivate the beholder.
Generally, batik is considered one of the most important forms of traditional art in Southeast Asian region.It is a ultilitarian art form that is mainly used for clothing, in the form of sarongs, shirts, trousers or headscarves, as well as for the decoration of houses and furniture. The use of batik is closely link to the lifestyle of people in the region. Besides the distinct features pertaining to its production, the role of batik and its closeness to society also explain its presence in modern artwork. Artists with such a rich cultural background refer to the traditional arts in their search for an identity. Apart from this innate cultural factor, exterior factor such as the art council have encouraged artists to look at batik. The council, prioritizes art with a Malaysian identity as the core of national art. Batik possesses interesting and beautiful formal characteristics. Its wealth of formal elements allows its translation into modern art , thus separating it from its function as surface decoration and ultilitarian object. The beauty of batik arises from the processes of applying the wax by hand or with wooden blocks, and dyeing the fabric. Siti Zainon explains that the term batik comes from the process of using liquid wax that is transferred to the white faric with a canting. Each small drop of wax that remains white when dipped in the dye bath is called cecek or tritik in Javanese. The dramatic process of batik creation has given inspiration to modern Malaysia artists to adapt batik to easel paintings or scrolls and display in the context of art galleries. This step has widened the visual treatment of modern Malaysia art, while raising local artists awareness of the wealth of traditional art.
Malay Tengkolok
Malaysian art:makyung.
REFERENCES
1. Mohamed Ghouse Nasuruddin.2007,Traditional Malaysian Music,new edition.Dewan bahasa dan Pustaka Kuala lumpur. 2. Rahimidin Zahar & sutung umar rs,2005,new edition,General of unesco. 3. Jamal Syed Ahmad, 1992, Rupa Dan Jiwa, Kuala Lumpur. 4. Mohamed Ali A. Rahman, 2000, Malaysian Art: Manifestation Of Malay Form And Content, Shah Alam.