Mixing Properties and Vortical Structures of a Low-Speed Plan Jet

under Long-Wave Excitations

1

C. H. Chiang1, C. C. Hsu1, F. B. Hsiao2, Y. L. Yeh3

1

3
1

Assistant Professor, Department of Aircraft Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology

2
3

Proferssor, Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Cheng Kung University

Ph.D Candidate, Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Cheng Kung University

8.2103

:
Abstract
The mixing properties and vortical structure evolutions of a low-speed plane jet under
anti-symmetric long-wave excitations were investigated experimentally. The experiments were
carried out at Reynolds number of 8.2103 based on the height of nozzle exit. Experiments included measurements of velocity and smoke-flow visualization. The excitation frequencies were
much lower than the fundamental frequency of the natural jet. The mixing properties were influenced significantly by long-wave excitations. The values of momentum thickness, entrainment
rate and jet width were all much larger than that of the natural jet in near field and transition region. The results of flow visualization and spectra of fluctuating velocities showed that the
anti-symmetric long-wave excitation could enhance the jet flapping motion, and the flow field
from near to far fields had been changed. The excitation frequency dominated in whole flow
field. Fundamental frequency could be found near the jet exit, so small-scale structures also existed. Only the mode of excitation frequency was observed behind the potential core, and the
vortrical structure changed from symmetric mode to anti-symmetric mode.
Key Words: plane jet, long-wave excitation, vortical structure
1

Hsiao [7]

[8]

fe
=10 Hz 5 Hz

(jet) (wake flow)

(mixing layer)

(coherent structure) 1970

[1, 2]

Kelvin-Helmholtz

(pairing)
(merging)

Ho[3]
(subharmonic evolution model)

(potential core)

(preferred mode)

Bradshaw Roshko [4] 1972

(hot-wire anemometer)

(cross-correlation)

Reyleigh [5]

Atassi Lueptow [6]

(symmetric)
(anti-symmetric)

[7-11]

2.1

1 25
H = 12
mm 25 1~25
m/s 1~10 m/s
0.2%
1
mm0.005 mmH2O (Pitot


532 nm 700mW
(cylindrical lens)

X-Stream VISION
Nikon
350 /

tube)

2.2
12 mm
2

Ae = 1 mm

:
ye (t ) Ae sin( 2f et )
(1)
dy
ve (t ) e 2f e Ae cos(2f et )
(2)
dt
(RMS)
2f A
ve,RMS e e
(3)
2
10 Hz 5 Hz
0.044 m/s 0.022 m/s fe=10 Hz ve ,RMS
x/H=0.5
v' f e =5Hz v' ve ,RMS

U0 = 10 m/s
H = 12 mm Re
= 8.2103 5 Hz 10 Hz

3.1

(near region)(transition region)

(far region) Uc

(U c / U 0 ) ~ ( x / H )
(4)

= 0.027 =
0.503 = 2.376 Huang
& Hsiao [15]
5

(top-hat)

x/H
6
fe = 5 Hz

7 u c
vc

x/H < 8

2.3

(Constant-Temperature Hot-Wire Anemometer)

0.2% 3

2.4
(flow visualization)

= | y0.1 y0.9 |
y0.1 U
U
(6)

(1 )dy
0 U
Uc
c

fe = 10 Hz

x/H = 8~9
x/H = 6~7

x/H>10

u c
vc

(x/H < 3)
u c x/H > 3
vc
u c
vc

(volume flow rate) Q/Q0

8Q
y0.1

Udy

y0.1

3.2

11

(varicose mode)
(sinuous mode)
11(a) x/H = 5 ~ 6
( 6)

11(a)

x/H
=1

11(b)

11(c)

8-10

(5)

y0.1 y0.1
0.1 (U = 0.1Uc) Q0
x/H = 0 UeH
(entrainment)
x/H > 1

x/H =3~4

x/H = 1

x/H < 6.5

fe = 5 Hz 10 Hz
9 10

 12
x/H = 1.5
(f0 = 488 Hz)(f0/2 = 243 Hz)
f0
f0/2
[14]
(fe = 10 Hz)
13( 12)

566Hz
265Hz
[10-15]

fe f0
f0

f0
12(a)

fe
f0 f0/2

fe 2fe
fe

fe

x/H = 4.5

x/H = 1.5
u' 2fe

fe 2fe
fe

x/H=15
fe 2fe
13(b)
11(b)(c)

Atassi and Lueptow [6]

10 Hz 5 Hz

fe
2fe

Atassi and Lueptow [6]

(
NSC94-2212-E-344-003)

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Orderly
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Chiang, C. H.,
Experimental Investigation of
Jet Flapping by Long-Wave Excitation,
4th
International conference on heat transfer, Fluid
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2005.
8. , , , ,

, ,
, pp. 190, 2006.
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Coherent structures
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Jet noise and the effects of
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Sub-harmonics
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, J. Fluid
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Near- field
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initially laminar plane jet
, Experimental in
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1.

ye

cam

U0
nozzle

ye

Ae
t

2.
Y

Flapping Strip
X

Jet Flow
Pitot Tube

Roll Cam

Pressure
Transducer

Servo Motor

Signal
Amplifier

Hot-Wire Probe

Hot-Wire
Anemometer

Traversing
Platform
Stepping
Motor Driver

Rotation Rate
Controller
Oscilloscope
A/D Converter
Storage / Output
Peripheral

DIO Port

Personal Computer

3.

Center-line mean velocity distribution

0

10

= 0.027

= 0.0503

-0.1

uc/U0

10

-0.2

10

-0.3

= 2.37

10

-0.4

10

10

10
x/H

4. Uc

6. x/H

(a)

(a)

(b) (fe = 10 Hz)

5. U x/H

(b)
7. x/H

Q / Q0

sinuous mode varicose mode

(a)

/ H

8. x/H

(b)

/
0

9. x/H

(c)
10. x/H

11.

x/H = 7.5
6.0
4.5
3.0

f0/2

1.5

f0

12. x/H

fe & 2fe
f0/2

f0
x/H = 7.5
6.0
4.5
3.0
1.5

(a) x/H=1.5~7.5
fe
2fe
x/H = 20.0
18.5
17.0
15.5
14.0

(b) x/H=14.0~20.0
13. x/H
(fe = 10 Hz)