Innovation Award Bio-based Material of the year 2010 Bio 2010 2010

Eco-plastics: A Natural Approach

Eco Expo, 2011

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Introduction
People are demanding green products
A better living environment

The Problem
115 million tonnes of plastics are produced annually into an enormous variety of products. 1 1
White pollution: most of them take thousands of years to disintegrate a serious disintegrate environmental stress Dependence on petroleum: plastics are derivatives of limited fossil fuel resources fossil

Governments are demanding green products

Less pollution Less demand on petroleum

The industry is looking for green plastics

The demand is clear Price of petroleum based materials are surging
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Green Plastics two solutions

Green Plastics

Reduce Consumption Degradable

Filler

Recycling

Additive

Petroleum Based

Sustainable

Green Plastics two solutions

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GG Natural Fibre reinforced Polymer WPC Wood Plastic Composite

Thermo Plastics

UV, Thermal, Hydro - degradable

PBSA, PPDO, PBS, PGA, PPC, PVA, Polyester

Poly Lactic Acid

Starch TGBS

PHA

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Degradable Plastics for Disposables

Eliminate white pollution Good for Reduce Consumption Disposable items Items difficult to collect for Filler Recycling recycling GG Thermo Natural Fibre Non-reusable packaging Plastics reinforced Polymer materials WPC Wood Plastic
Composite Green Plastics

Eco-Plastics for Durable Goods

Green Plastics

Degradable

Reduce Consumption

Additive

Petroleum Based

Sustainable

Filler

Recycling

UV, Thermal, Hydro - degradable

PBSA, PPDO, PBS, PGA, PPC, PVA, Polyester

Poly Lactic Acid

GG Natural Fibre reinforced Polymer WPC Wood Plastic Composite

Thermo Plastics

Starch TGBS

Lowering demand of oil by Degradable compounding with renewable materials Additive Petroleum Based Sustainable Good for Durable goods PBSA, PPDO, PBS, UV, Thermal, Hydro PGA, PPC, PVA, Items easy toPoly Lactic Acid for collect - degradable Polyester recycling Reusable goodsStarch TGBS
PHA

PHA

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Questions?
Are you going to make durable goods or disposable good? What properties of the materials do you want? What features do you want? What designs are you going to choose? What are the selling points?
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A new Material
Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer

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Primary feedstock serving the entire value chain

Cradle to Cradle granules for injection moulding application Fibres used: flax, kenaf, jute kenaf, Plastics used: PP, PLA, PHB PP, PLA, PHB PP, Both standard- and tailor-made standardtailorcompositions Master batches

Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymers

Eco-friendly Eco- friendly Sustainable
Substitute petroleum based materials by 50%, up to 80% 50-80% 50 Reinforce by natural fibre
improvements in mechanical properties Improvements in thermal properties Improvements in insulation properties

Recyclable, by 7 times 7 7 Use as energy pellets at the end of life cycle Eco-friendly while providing Eco performance of engineering plastic
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GG NFRPP GG
Our granules compete with GF compounds:
lighter, stiffer, equally strong normal flow behavior long machine residence time Low water absorption Resistance against UV radiation Masterbatches
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GG NFRPP GG
Additional Advantages:
Insulation (heat & sounds) Flame retardancy, no drops retardancy, Increased HDT Dimensional stability at higher temp.

No sharp edges f.i. after car crash f.i. Pro-Kyoto: recyclable, fuel-pellets Profuel Cradle to Cradle: resources for the earth

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Processing
Can be processed in ordinary machineries 2ndprocess similar as PP PP
Gluing Ultra-sound welding Ultra Painting

Coloring

Coloration Flexibility

PP/PE Color master-batch master Natural color tone Dry mix with PP for dilution to tailor dilution properties PP PP
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Mechanical upgrading(stiffness x5, strength x2.5) ( X5, X2.5)

Granule type Property Fibre content [wt.%] Density [kg/m3] Flexural modulus [MPa] Flexural strength[MPa] Tensile modulus[MPa] Tensile strength[MPa] Tensile elongation[%] Impact strength[kJ/m2], unnotched 1110 Virgin PP 0 905 1,300 45 1,670 35 600 NB PC/ABS blend 0 1,120 2,200 82 2,200 52 80 NB GFR PC/ABS composite 10 1,180 3,650 99 3,800 50 4.0 9 J/cm GFR PP composite 20 1,220 3,420 109 3,650 61 2.5 42

UL94 Test
NFRPP
50 1,080

Test according to UL94 UL94 GG F023H

40% Nature Fibre (Hemp) 40% 40%

4,900
91 6,900 55 2.9 29 1110

Flame Retardant
Halogen, aluminum, magnesium free
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GG F023H = V0

Versatile

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Toys

Stationeries

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Sundries

E&E Products

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Application for E&E

Eco-friendly EcoWood replacement Easy processing Good details Good strength Durable Safe Outdoor or indoor use Flexible (dilution from master-batch) master () ) Low cost () ()
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Examples : E&E
Housings for electronic applications V0 fire retardant V0 V0 Eco-friendly FR additives Eco Natural touch and feel

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Using GG incars/control cabin /

Under the hood - Battery trays: high trays: temperture stability Interior - driver cabin liners/trims, AC housings: heat and sound housings: insultation Instrument panel: higher load panel: capacity Roof liners: V0 flame retardant, noliners: nodrops properties V0 V0 Casings, carriers and other 3D products: one-shot complex products: onestructures processing capabilities

Examples in product development: automotive

Interior door-trim door Rationale : : Weight reduction Cheaper due to cradle to cradle principle EU End-of-life directive End- of Pro-Kyoto = less CO2 tax Pro =
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Examples in product development: automotive

Interior part: Rationale : : Weight reduction Cheaper due to cradle to cradle principle EU End-of-life directive End- of Pro-Kyoto = less CO2 tax Pro =
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Examples in product development:

Complex 3D structures One shot processing Rigid body retaining its form/shape
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Development in Holland:
Dyke reinforcement Riverbank erosion blockage Artificial reef Fundament for coral growth
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Innovative Sustainable Materials Bio-based / Biodegradable

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Bio-degradable Materials Are they all the same?

Nature
GG P021J PHA PLA Starch CA PBAT PBS
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Bio-degradable Materials Are they all the same?

Production
Agro-fibre + PLA Agrocompounding

Raw Materials
Nat. Fibre + PLA Sugar / Starch Starch Starch Wood / Chemical Fossil based Fossil based
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GG P021J Source Mechanical prop. Thermal prop. Processability Durability Biodegradability Price
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PHA Bio-based BioFlexible Good Good Good Good +++

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modified starch Bio-based Bioweak weak poor poor good +

PLA Bio-based Biobrittle weak poor heat sensitive composting ++

Synthetics Oil based good weak good good good ++++

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Bio-based BioGood Good V. Good Good OK +

Bio-based BioFermentation Only renewable carbon Fermentation & source synthesis Plasticising
Bio-based source with fossil Biocomponents

Extraction / synthesis Synthesis Synthesis

Oil based

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Natural Fibre Reinforced PLA: GG P021J Advantages

Source Mechanical Thermal Processability Durability Bio-degradability BioGreen Aspect
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GG P021J : Natural Fibre Reinforced PLA Properties

GG P021J Density Melt Flow Index Flexural Strength Flexural Modulus Charpy Impact, unnotched g/cm3 g/10 min MPa MPa KJ/m2 116 6,400 14 1.29 GG N023J 1.04 7 79 3,300 22 NW 3001D 1.24 10-30 1083 3,828 0.16 J/m Izod D256

Renewable Good Good Excellent Good Good Good

Agro-fibre + PLA (100% bio-based) AgrobioStiffness + good impact strength HDT higher than PLA processable in existing production machines Easy to handle No degradation during usage Fully bio-degradable bioZero carbon emission.
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GG P021J : Natural Fibre Reinforced PLA Highlights

Bio-degradables

100% bio-based Bio-degradable Good mechanical properties Good processability Good handling Good surface finishing

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Current Status
Mass production in HK Current projects:
Automotives
Fuse Holder Holder Battery Tray Underlayer Structural parts for WPCs WPC Injection molded accessories Green Toys

Pricing
NFRPP positions along mechanical properties line-up line Price can be lower when production scaling up

Constructions Toys Toys

E&E applications

Casings for appliance Casings for transformers

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Range of variation

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GreenGran BN (HK) Ltd.

Andrew Tang 1601, Tower II, Silvercord, 30, Canton Road, Silvercord, TST, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: +852-23348791 +852Fax: +852-27650529 +852Email: andrewtang@ggbn.com.hk
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010-65566944-221 010- 65566944 021-50328090-3017 021- 50328090 020 - 83641422

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