CULTURAL STUDIES IN MALLADAGUDDA VILLAGE

DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF KARNATAKA FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ENGLISH RAGHAVENDRA ROLL NUMBER 02

RESEARCH GUIDE DR.SREEBITHA ASST PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF KARNATAKA GULBARGA,INDIA.

Declaration

I declare that this dissertation ,entitled Cultural studies in Malladagudda village, contains no material which has been acceped for the award of any other university and that , to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by any other person except where due reference is made in the context of the dissertation.

Gulbarga .

Research student.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled, cultural studies in Malladagudda village , presented by Raghavendra for the degree of M.A. in English represents his original work ,and has not diploma in any other university.

He has carried out the work under my guidance and supervision at the Department of English ,Central University of Karnataka, Gulbarga.

Research Guide and Professor Department of English Central University of Karnataka Gulbarga 585106.

CONTENTS

Introduction Origin and Structure of Village History Religion Social Life Water Agriculture Employment Education Modernization Current problems and issues

Introduction

Raichur, is a land of gold produce, Cotton barn or cotton land and Paddy land. This is one of Hyderabad-Karnataka region . It is considered backward region. Sixty -five years ago it has controlled under the Nizam rule. Three times fought for freedom in 1943,1943 to 1948 and 1946. Geographically area is 14,013 sq.km. It is one of the third place among other districts in Karnataka. It has five talques :Lingasugar ,Manvi ,Sindanoore, Devadurga and Raichur.

Raichur is a land of Dhohab. Dhohab means a land which is located between rivers. Two rivers flows both side of this districts . It is surrounded in the northern part is Gulgarga, in the west Bejapure and Dharwad, in the east Mahibubnagar(AP) districts,in the south part Karnul districts(AP),Bellary distrircts.Tungabhadra river is located in the south region and in the north Krishan river.Culturally and economically strengthen land ,But politically and educationally is not well developed region.

Manvi is well developing among other talques. It has one fourty-five rural areas, one of them is Malladagudda. Geographically and naturally well country. It comes under the gramapanchayat of Bygawat, And hobali is Halaspure .Malladagudda is geographically, agriculturally and religiously rich heritage. But politically is not

grown. Although it has well cultural backdrop. Let us understand what are cultural, religious, sioco-economical life, believes and how they lead a life and so on.

Structure and Origin of Village

Malladagudda is a small village far away from Manvi talque for 25 km.in the east of Malladagudda is a camp for 1/2 km and Markamdinne, in the northwest Nadugadde campfor 2 km and Bagalwada for 5 km, in the north Bygawatfor 5 km and Manvi for 25 km, in the south Toranadinne for 6 km, and in the southwest is a Kavital for 7 km. This village surrounded a mountain. Beside and behind of the village many small camps villages surrounded. It has a small bus stand ,it constructed twenty-seven years ago. Now it is a beggars palace,aged people( who are staging out of houses or who have not sons and daughters ).

Surrounding of the village many camps located ,because of irrigation facility helps to survive life to everyone except two months April and May .Fairs, festivals are celebrating like Peddamma fair ,Ayyappaswamy fair,Venkateshwarw fair ,Virabhdreshwara fair and cattle fairs and so on. Every native villagers ,non-native villagers were participating without giving importance of caste,class,community and religion.

Cats ,dogs ,cows and oxen are more lovable animals .people believed that dogs,oxen are auspicious and incarnation of lord Mallayya. Dogs are guarding home ,cats are catching rats and insects . Cows are worshiped in Gowre Ganesh chouti festival.

Origin of Village :

Every village has own legendry or puranic story behind it,for example ,how village origin,how name derived.but it is tuff task to notes . Although Malladagudda has two own legendry story behind it. One is that ,it has attached two regional words,one is Malla means in kannada lord Mallayya, Mallikarjunaor shiva,and gudda means a mountain or hill. Old people says that while the lord Mallayya was going to Himalaya through this way, he had sit meditation in long time on this mountain,in His linga thats why name called mountain of the Lord Mallayya or Mallayya hill Malladagudda.

And another story saying by people like that,in kannada mola means rabbit ,and gudda means mountain or hillpeople were calling mountain of rabbits,Beacuse of plenty of rabbits lived in this mountain. Widely green grass grew aroundthe mountain. They ate and stayed in the mountain at night .Days

passed,many cows and buffalos had come to graze from neighbouring villages. All cows and buffalos were grazing green grass,the owners of the cattle, buffalos was very happy for giving more milk what he expected .Then all rabbits were suffering from food. they daily grazed. Helpless rabbits prayed to Lord Mallayya, Lord of Heaven, Peace Protector , Listen ! our hungry pain for food . Lord Mallayya opened His eyes and smiled , oh !,my humble creature, you are the most peaceful creature among animals ,Tell me, What is your pain.

oh! Boon giver said the rabbits, we are troubling for green grass, devil buffalos and cows cleaned up grass, they ate more what we eat less than they are, please ! Lord of lords, save small ones , you may stand our race on the earth. Lord Mallayya gave oath and dwelling permanently in the mountain for saving small ceature from big one.

Every day He guarded the land ,thats why the name of village Malladagudda. It derived from that. It meant mountain of the Mallayya ,or Mallayya s mountain. In this mountain cactus tree grew. Neighbouring countries people has frequently been visited and smeared cactus milk on kneel and where it is paining that place, except eyes.

History

This village might be originated more than five to six generation ago. Mata and temples were constructed before 1960s and 1970s. People of this country are believing their ancestors paths and rituals in their life. One of villagers ,Sharanappa Dinne,said the past alwags advices ,guides and shows direction to the present, the present is mode of change for future. But they are following traditional roots.Recently temples re-constructed : Goddess Peddamma,Ayyappa swamy temple, Virabhdreshwar temple. Nowadays also caste system practicing. Higher caste people were not allowing Harijanas ,Madigas into their houses, into temples,and not allow to use well water,into public hotels.