SEMINAR MENJAWAB KERTAS 3 BIOLOGI (4551) SMK (LKTP) CHINI

NAMA: TINGKATAN: .

DISEDIAKAN OLEH: PN NUR FADHILA BAHARUDIN SMK (LKTP) CHINI

HOW TO ANSWER BIOLOGY PAPER 2012 1

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SIMPLE ANALYSIS PAPER 2

LEARNING AREA YEAR OF SPM

2. CELL STUCTURE AND CELL ORGANISATION 2004Q2, 05Q4, 06Q1, 06Q9b, 07Q1, 08Q2a-c, 08Q6a, 09Q1a & b, 2010Q1, 2011Q1# 3. MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS THE 2004Q2, 05Q4, 06Q7, 07Q2, 08Q6b & c, PLASMA MEMBRANE 09Q1c, 2010A2, 2011Q2# 4. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL 5. CELL DIVISION 6. NUTRITION 7. RESPIRATION 8. DYNAMIC ECOSYSTEM 9. ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM 1. TRANSPORT 2. LOCOMOTION AND SUPPORT 3. COORDINATION AND RESPONSE 4. REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH 2004Q1, 2010Q4 2005Q2, 06Q1, 07Q3, 08Q1, 09Q2a & b, 2010Q3a & b# 2006Q2, 06Q6, 06Q8, 08Q8, 09Q9, 2010Q9,2011Q6# 2004Q6, 05Q3, 07Q6, 09Q4,2011Q3 2004Q3, 05Q1, 07Q8, 07Q9, 09Q7, 2010Q8a# 2005Q9, 07Q8b, 08Q9, 2010Q8b,2011Q8&9 2004Q1, 05Q5, 06Q9a, 08Q2c, 08Q7, 09Q8, 2010Q7 2005Q6, 07Q5, 2010Q5,2011Q4 2004Q7, 06Q3, 07Q1d, 07Q7b, 08Q5, 2010Q6,2011Q5 2004Q5, 05Q7, 06Q4, 07Q7a & c,08Q4, 09Q3, 09Q5 2004Q8, 05Q8, 06Q5, 07Q4d, 08Q3, 09Q2c, 09Q6, 2010Q3c & d,2011Q7 2004Q9, 05Q7, 07Q4a-c

5. INHERITANCE 6. VARIATION

SIMPLE ANALYSIS PAPER 3

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LEARNING AREA 2. CELL STUCTURE AND CELL ORGANISATION

YEAR OF SPM

3. MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS THE 2005Q1,2006Q1,2008Q1 PLASMA MEMBRANE 4. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL 5. CELL DIVISION 6. NUTRITION 7. RESPIRATION 8. DYNAMIC ECOSYSTEM 9. ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM 2. TRANSPORT 2. LOCOMOTION AND SUPPORT 3. COORDINATION AND RESPONSE 4. REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH 5. INHERITANCE 6. VARIATION 2011Q2 2005Q2,2007Q1,2009Q1, 2007Q2,2010Q1 2008Q2,2010Q2 2006Q2,2009Q1,2011Q1

Part A: 90 minutes (STRUCTURED QUESTIONS) 1. Answer in 1 words, 1 number, or 1 simple sentence. 2. Dont combine the right fact with wrong fact. 3. Follow the instruction like: Give 2 examples of., so students should give only 2 examples, the third examples will not get the mark. 4. No need write in long sentence or copy again part of the question. 5. Answer can be in equations form, diagram, table or graph. Calculation must be show. 6. Space for write the answers and mark at the end of the essays or structure questions are given will show how long the answer must be write.

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7. Comparison: a. Must have similarities and differences b. One characteristics must compare between two subject in one sentence c. Separate sentence between similarities and differences d. If answer in table, must write in full sentence. 8. Draw diagram, a. No artistic b. Big suitable size c. Clear d. Label the diagram correctly and line for label cant be cross together e. Neat without broken lines Part B: 60 minutes (ESEI QUESTIONS) Instruction verb like justification, evaluation, give your opinion, Students must state I agree/ I accept/ Im not agree/ Im not accept. That statement given 1 mark and followed by opinion. Important Term 1. Write chemical equation: In word form 2. [ / ] glucose + oxygen [ x ] Glucose + oxygen [ / ] C6H12O6 + 6O2 carbon dioxide + water + energy co2 + H2O + energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

Draw the hybrid cross (inheritance) Has key Label the schematic diagram Parental genotype Parental Gamete F1 Genotype F1 Phenotype

3. Male gamete and female gamete are fertilization

Reject combine/ attach

4. Impulse are transmitted through neurone

Reject transported

5. Enzymes are secreted

Reject produce, transported

6. Water diffuse (through semi permeable membrane)

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Reject water moves.

7. Function of mitochondria generate energy

8. Reject : supply energy/ give energy When plant cell in hypertonic solution,

Plant become wilt reject flacid Plant cell become flacid- reject wilt

9. Ribosome- synthesis protein

Reject : produce protein

10. Function of chromosome : carry genetic information/ genetic code

Reject: contain DNA

11. Lysosome : secrete hydrolytic enzyme

Reject: contain hydrolytic enzyme

12. starch is hydrolised into maltose by salyvary amylase

reject: starch break down

13. Pituitary gland : secrete hormone

Reject produce hormone

ANALISIS SOLAN KERTAS 3 SPM 2005-2011 SOALAN 1 SOALAN 2

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SPM 2005 To determine and compare the energy content in white bread and peanuts (chapter 6) SPM 2006 To study the effect of the concentration of albumen suspension on the rate of reaction of pepsin enzyme. (chapter 4) SPM 2007 To investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis of Hydrilla sp. (chapter 6) SPM 2008 To investigate the effect of light intensity on the population distribution of pleurococcus (chapter 8) SPM 2009 To study the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis. (chapter 6) SPM 2010 To investigate the effect of different duration of activity on the percentages of carbon dioxide in exhaled air. (Chapter 7) SPM 2011 To investigate the effect of pH values on the hydolysis of starch by amylase enzyme. (Chapter 4)

To determine the concentration of the solution which will maintain the mass of plant tissue? (chapter 3) To determine the concentration of sucrose which is isotonic to the cell sap of the mango (chapter 3) To investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast (chapter 7) To study the the size of molecules that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane(chapter 3) To study the effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme reaction. (chapter 4) To study the effect of interspecific competition between maize and paddy plants on their own growth (chapter 8) To study the effect of light intensity on the rate of transpiration. (chapter 1 F5)

HOW TO ANSWER PAPER 3 QUESTION 1 (spm 2010 paper 3 q1)

1. READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY AND FIND.. a) mv and rv eg: to investigate the effect of different duration of activity on the percentages of carbon dioxide in exhaled air b) operating rv (usually what you record in table of observation) eg: .length of air column after being treated with potassium hydroxide solution. 2. FOR a), RECORD THE OBSERVATION CAREFULLY.

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3. FOR b i), STATE TW0 DIFFERENT OBSERVATIONS FROM TABLE 2. Observation 1: give highest value.. Observation 2: .give lowest value Eg: Observation 1: when duration of activity is at 0 minute, the length of air column after being treated with with potassium hydroxide solution is the highest, which is 9.9 cm. Observation 2 : ... 4. FOR b ii), STATE THE INFERENCES FROM OBSERVATION 1: a) please write which observation do you refer to. Eg: Inference 1: the length of the air column shows the highest because, when resting the rate of respiration is lower, so less carbon dioxide is released. Inference 2: the length of air column is shortest because, after vigorous activity the rate of respiration is higher, so more carbon dioxide is released. 5. for c) COMPLETE THE TABLE. variable Manipulated variable Responding variable Method to handle variable Use different .. Which is 0min, 1 min, 2 min and 3 min Measure and record .. By using a ruler Or Calculate the percentage of carbon dioxide in air sample by using formula: Use the same .. Which is 10 cm

Or

Constant variable

6. FOR d) STATE THE HYPOTHESIS The mv, the.. operating rv.

7. FOR e) Construct a table and record all data collected.

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a) usually you need to calculate the by using given formula, please use the formula carefully. b) Do not forget to put unit in each table that you construct. Eg: Type of activity Resting 0 minute 1 minute running on spot 2 minute running on spot 3 minute running on spot 4 minute running on spot 8. FOR e), plot graph a) read the instruction , plot the graph between whom? b) Transfer the value in table correctly c) If the value is increase gradually, you may use ruler but if not .. just use your free hand to make line between each value. d) The line must smooth and touch all values. 9. FOR f) explain relationship. a) read the instruction, the relationship is between whom? Eg: The higher the time taken of the activity, the higher the percentage of the carbon dioxide released in the air sample. This is because, the rate of respiration is increase to produce more energy 10. FOR g) prediction a) give reason for your answer. Eg: The percentage of of carbon dioxide released will be same as 0 minutes, which is 1% because the rate of respiration is returns back to normal at resting stage. 11. FOR h) operational definition a) try to put rv, operating rv, affected by mv and relationhip. b) May very depend on the question. Eg: Exhaled air is the percentage of carbon dioxide, that shows by length of the air column after being treated with the potassium hydroxide which is affected by the different duration of activity on spot. The higher the time taken of activity, the higher the percentage of the carbon dioxide in the air sampel. Initial length of air column (cm) Final length of air column (cm) Percentage of carbondioxide(%)

PLANING INVESTIGATION QUESTION 2 8

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AIM
SPM 05: To study the isotonic glucose solution that will maintain the original length and mass of potato. SPM 06: To determine the concentration of an external solution which isotonic to the cell sap of plants. SPM 07: To investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast. SPM 08: To study the size of molecules that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane SPM 09: To investigate the effect of temperature on the enzyme reaction SPM 10: To study the effect of interspecific competition between the maize and paddy plants on their own Growth SPM 11 : -

PROBLEM STATEMENT

SPM05:What is the concentration of solution that can maintain the mass of plant tissues/potato? SPM06:What is the concentration of an external solution which is isotonic to the cell sap of plant tissue? SPM 07: How does the temperature affect the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast? SPM 08: What are the size of molecules that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane? SPM 09: What is the effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme reaction? SPM 10: What is the effect of competition between maize and paddy plants on their growth? SPM 11: How does light intensity affect the rate of transpiration?

HYPOTHESIS
SPM 05 : if solution is hipotonic, hence, the mass and length remains the same. SPM 06:When plant cells are immersed in isotonic solution, there is no nett gain in mass and size SPM 07:The rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast is optimal at temperature 0f 37C SPM 08 :The smaller the size of molecules, the easier the molecules to pass through a semi permeable membrane SPM 09: The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of enzyme reaction SPM 10: Maize has a higher growth than paddy plants SPM 11: Thr higher the light intensity the higher the rate of transpiration.

VARIABLES
SPM 05 :Manipulated variables : concentration of sucrose solution Responding variables: Length of potato /mass of potato at the end of experiment Controlled variables: Length of potato at the beginning of the experiment SPM 06: Manipulated variables : concentration of sucrose solution Responding variables: mass of strips of mangoes Controlled variables: Surrounding temperature and time SPM 07: Manipulated variables : Temperature Responding variables: Height of coloured liquid in the manometer

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SPM

SPM SPM SPM cm

Controlled variables: volume of yeast suspension, ph,light intensity and time taken 08 : Manipulated variables : size of molecules of substances Responding variables: Diffusion of molecules through a semi-permeable membrane Controlled variables: Volume of substances in the visking tubing 09: Manipulated variables : temperature Responding variables: Rate of enzyme reaction Controlled variables: Volume of starch 10: Manipulated variables : Type of plant Responding variables: Dry mass of the plant Controlled variables: time taken to grow 11: Manipulated variables : Light intensity Responding variables: Time taken for the air bubble to move in distance 10 Controlled variables: air movement/surrounding temperature

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS

SPM 05 : Potato sucrose solutions with concentration 0.5%, 5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0%, 20.0%, and 25.0% filter paper, beaker, test tube, electronic balance, stop watch. SPM 06 : container, electronic balance, kife, cork borer, stop watch, mango, sucrose solution, filter paper. SPM 07: Boiling tube, manometer, capillary tube, stop watch, thread, ruler, water bath, rubber stopper, rubber tubing, retort stand, measuring cylinder, yeast suspension, glucose solution, paraffin oil SPM 08 : Beaker, test tube, Bunsen burner, measuring cylinder, stop watch, benedict solution, iodine solution, visking tubing, starch suspension, glucose solution, distilled water, thread. SPM 09 : Beakers, tiles with grooves, test tube, thermometer, syringe, stopwatch, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, wire gauze, glass rod, starch suspension, saliva, water bath, ice cubes, iodine solution. SPM 10: Tray, a metre ruler, electronic balance, an oven, garden soil, maize and paddy seeds, ditilled water SPM 11: a leafy hibiscus shoot, Vaseline, a dry cloth, a potometer, beaker, knife, razor blade, a basin of Water, ruler, stopwatch, fluorescent lamp

TECHNIQUE USED
SPM 05 : Measure and record the mass of potato by using electronic balance/ Calculate the % changes in mass by using formula : [Final mass of potato(g)-initial mass of potato(g)] X 100 SPM 06 : Measure and record the mass of mango by using electronic balance/ Calculate the % changes in mass by using formula : [Final mass of potato(g)-initial mass of potato(g)] X 100 SPM 07 : Measure and record the different height coloured liquid in manometer by using a ruler SPM 08 : Test and record the liquid outside the visking tube by using Benedict solution SPM 09: Observe and record the time taken for Benedict solution to turn brick red precipitate by usimg stopwatch/ Calculate the rate of enzyme reaction by using formula : 1/time taken for benedict solution to change colour to brick red percepitate (s) SPM 10: Measure and record the mass of the plant by using electronic balance SPM 11: -

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PROCEDURE
K1 K2 K3 K4 K5

preparation of materials and apparatus operating fix variables operating manipulated variables operating responding variables precautionary step

SPM 05

1. K1 4 beakers are prepared and labeled as XYZ 2. K3 Every beaker is filled with 20cm distilled water, 5%, 10% and 15% of
sucrose solution respectively, that has been measured in measuring cylinder.

3. K1 A piece of medium size potato is choosen and strips of potato are made with
the cork borer. 4. K2 8 strips of cylinder of 5 cm were obtained. 5. K5 Every potato cylinder is dried with tissue paper. 6. K4 Then wheighed and measured to get its mass and length. 7. K4 The result are recorded and the graph of percentage of mass is drawn versus the concentration of sucrose solution and another graph of percentage change of length versus concentration of sucrose solution is drawn. Results : Concentration of sucrose solution (%) Difference in mass of potato strip (g) 0.5 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

SPM 06

1. K1 Prepare 5 petri dish and label them A,B,C,D and E. 2. K1 Fill the 5 Petri dishes with 20 ml of sucrose solutions of different 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
concentrations. K2 Use cork borer to obtain 5 cylindrical strips of mango. K2 Cut each strips so that he length is 40mm. K1 Weigh each strip and record its initial mass. K1 Put one strip into Petri dish A and leave it for 15 minutes K5 Take out the strip and wipe it dry with a filter paper. K1 Weigh the strip that has been wiped dry. K3 Repeat steps 6-8 by using sucrose solution of different concentration: 4%, 6%,8%, dan 10%. K4 Record the results in a table. K4 Plot graph to determine the concentration of sucrose which is isotonic to the mango tissue.

Results: Concentration of sucrose solution (%) Initial mass of the strip (g) Final mass of the strip (g) Differences in mass of the strip (g) 4 6 8 10

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SPM 07

1. K1 Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram. 2. K2 Place the boiling tube with 15cm of glucose solution in a beaker of ice for 5
minutes.

3. K1 Add 15 cmof yeast suspension into the boiling tube. 4. K1 Mark the initial height of the colored in liquid in the manometer. 5. K4 Start the stop watch and mark the level of the coloured liquid in the
manometer after 10 minutes. 6. K1 record all the data in a table. 7. K3 Repeat steps 1 to 5 by placing the boiling tube in water baths at temperatures of 20C, 30C, 40C, and 50C. 8. K5 Make sure all the joints of the apparatus are airtight.// Conduct the experiment twice at each temperature to get an average reading. 9. K4 Plot a graph of rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast against temperature. Results : Temperature C 0 20 30 40 0 Height of the coloured liquid (cm) Rate of anaerobic respiration I yeast(cmmin1 )

SPM 08

1. K2 A visking tubing which is 8 cm long is soaked in water for minutes to soften

it. K1 The visking tube is tied at one end tightly with a piece of thread. K2 The visking tubing is filled with 10 ml of glucose solution by using a syringe. K1 The other end of the tubing is tied tightly with a piece of thread. K5 The outer surface of the visking tubing is rinsed with distilled water. K1 The visking tubing is immersed into a beaker filled with distilled water. K4 After 20 minutes, Benedicts test is carried out on the water outside the visking tubing in the beaker. 8. K3 Step 1-6 are repeated by using starch suspension. 9. K4 The iodine test is carried out on the water outside the visking tubing in the beaker. 10. K4 The results of both tets are recorded in a table. Results :

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Sulution in visking tube Glucose Starch

Food test on the water outside visking tube Benedict Iodine test test

SPM 09

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1. K1, K2, K4 Use a syringe to put 1 ml of 0.1% starch suspension into each of test
tubes labeled A1 and B1. 2. K2 Use another syringe to put 2 ml of saliva into each of the test tubes labeled A2 and B2. 3. K1 Immerse test tubes A1 and A2 into a water bath of cold water. 4. K1 After minutes of immersion, pour the starch suspension from test tube A1 into test tube A2. Stir the mixture, using glass rod. 5. K1 start the stopwatch 6. K4 Use a dropper to put a drop of mixture from test tube A2 onto the iodine solution in the first groove of the white tile. 7. K3 Repeat the iodine test every minute for 10 minutes. 8. K5 Rinse the dropper after each sampling. 9. K4 Record the time taken for the hydrolysis of starch. 10. K5 Keep the test tubes with the mixtures in their respective water baths throughout the experiment. 11. K3 Repeat the experiment with warm water (37C) 12. K5 Repeat the experiment to get average readings. 13. K4 Record the results in a table. Results : Temperature (C) 10 37 Time taken for the starch to disappear (minutes) Rate of reaction( min-1 )

SPM 10

11. K1 Fill three trays, A,B,C of the same size, with same amount of garden soil. 12. K1 Use 10 seeds in each tray, 13. K5 weigh and get the everage initial reading 14. K2 plant all sedds at 5 cm intervals 15. K3 Plants seeds as:
Tray A : only one maize plant Tray B : Only paddy plants Tray C : Maize and paddy plants alternately 16. K1 Water all the tray with distilled water every day 17. K1 Leave the seeds to germinate and grow for 5 weeks under bright conditions 18. K1 After 5 weeks, clean the roots of the plants and dry the at a temperature of 100 C in an oven 19. K4 Weigh and record the final dry mass of the dried plants and get the everage reading for tray A,B,C 20. K4 Calculate the difference in dry mass Results : Tray Maize Paddy Maize and paddy Average dry mass

Maize Paddy

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SPM 11

1. K1 a leafy shoot is chosen from a plant. 2. K1The shoots is cut of with a knife and the cut end is immersed immediately
into a basin of water

3. K1 A razor blade is used to cut 1 cm of the bottom of the shoot obliquely under 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
water. K1The potometer is immersed in the water and moved around to remove all the air bubbles. K5 Fix the potometer and the leafy shoot with rubber tubing and make sure the parts of the joints is smeared with Vaseline to prevent air from entering. K1 Fill up the potometer with water and lift it out of water for a short while to trap one air bubble. K2 Measure a distance of 10 cm from the bubble and mark the distance. K2 The potometer is the placed in an enclosed room with no air movement. K1 Put a fluorescent lamp of 100 watt at a distance of 30 cm from potometer. K4 The time taken for the air bubble to move a distance of 10 cm is recorded using a stopwatch. K3 Steps 1-9 are repeated by placing a potometer at distance 40cm, 50cm, 60cm from lamp. K5 The experiment is repeated to obtain two or more readings. Record the data in the table. Time taken for the air bubble to travel a distance of 10cm (s) Rate of transpiration (cm/s)

Distance of lamp to photometer (cm)

CONCLUSION
SPM 05 : The more concentrated sucrose solution, the less the mass of potato will be. SPM 06 : As the concentration of the sucrose solution increases, the mass of the palnt tissue decreases SPM 07 : The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of anaerobic respiration in yeast wll be. SPM 08 : glucose molecules can diffuse through the visking tube but the starch molecules can not. SPM 09 :when the temperature increase, the rate of amylase reaction increase. SPM 10: Maize has a higher growth than paddy plants. The hypothesis is accepted. SPM 11: -

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